The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 4, 1934, Page 7

CHANGE ——THE— WORLD! By SENDER GARLIN T’S hard to tell what annoyed the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco people more: the fact that a supervising principal in the company-owned town of Winston-Salem, North Caro- lina, described their product as a “mediocre cigarette” or the progressive ideas of education contained in the teach- er’s novel, “Just Plain Larnin’.” At any rate, James M. Shields, who has taught school for thirteen years in Winston-Salem and who at one time was pres- ident of the North Carolina Elementary School Principals Association, has been notified that his services are no longer required. In other words he has been dismissed, discharged, fired and practically told that he was a no-account. Who told James Shields that he couldn't teach in the Winston- Salem schools any longer? Why, the R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, of course, which owns the town lock, stock and barrel, and which tells just who is to be appointed for this or that job—from the Mayor of the city to the traffic cop who chases motorists who are in a hurry. The connection? The head of the Winston-Salem school board is also the head of the traffic department of the Reynolds Tobacco Company. And even if it had no direct agents on the board, the company is in a position to exercise quite a bit of moral suasion. The Novel Was Not “Optimistic” AMES SHIELDS wrote his novel out of his own experience as & teacher in Winston-Salem. His book describes the attempt of an idealist pedagogue to introduce modern, experimental methods of teach- ing; it exposes the ruthless method of cutting teachers’ salaries. And because “these new. methods fostered independent thought and ac- tion among the workers whom they wished to keep in economic sub- jection, the lords of the town, the big business men and the factory owners, fought the new methods.” The novel by this Southern teacher did not advocate Revolution, for if it did the New York Times would not have written that “almost any Parent-Teacher: Association, anywhere in the country would be likely to display a lively reaction to this novel,” nor would the New York Post say that the book was “important and timely.” But Shields did describe, out of his own experiences in the North Carolina schools, the complete domination of the Southern manufacturers and mill owners over the educational system, of the ruthless cutting down of teachers’ salaries, of the brutal discrimination against Negro children, “of the state of peonage in which the teachers of my state find them- selves today.” And after “Plain Larnin’” appeared, Mr. Shields in interviews said some blistering things: “I wasn’t just satirizing a tobacco town or a factory town in that novel. I used that sort of a community as my locale because I know it best. But the analogy holds for any town or city in America. Our present economic order has a strangle- hold on education. It is crushing the life out of the teachers, and turning loose upon a world that cannot even supply jobs a generation of poorly-equipped, maladjusted youth—because Big Business will not pay the cost of a decent educational system, and will not permit us to teach the fundamental truths of a changing social order.” Thousands of teachers throughout the country, Shields says, are working for from $18 to $14 a week, overburdened by huge classes and inadequate facilities. “Children are being deprived of anything but the rudiments of the three R’s. I mean the children of working class parents. The rich send their youngsters to private schools, of course,” . Reynolds Always Makes Page One INSTON-SALEM, N. C., has been in the news before. Some of your will recall how Smith Reynolds, 21-year old heir to a $20,000,- 000 tobacco fortune, was found with a bullet wound in his head about two years ago, and how his torch-singer wife, Libby Holman, faced trial and was acquitted. Winston-Salem made the papers once more last April when millions of workers read the glad tidings that Richard Joshua Reynolds, a brother of the departed Smith, came into a $25,000,000 trust estate left him by his father, to be paid the young blood on his twenty-eighth birthday. Altogether there was $100,000,000 in the Reynolds pot, but Richard Joshua was getting only a fourth of that amount at the time; he has to get along as best he can on that paltry sum on his country estate near Winston-Salem. According to Esther Lowell, whose fine study of the South con- tains some illuminating material, 129 tobacco stemmers in the Reynolds factory showed average wages of $6.61 for 33 hours work, with the maximum pay in the plant being $9.85. Maybe the Reynolds tobacco workers are only “sharing the burden of the depression” with the company, but figures on profits (New York Times, Jan. 11, 1934), show profits of $33,674,800 in 1932, the peak for any previous year, and more than. $21,000,000 during the “bad” year of 1933. This sum being insufficient to pay dividends on their common stock, the Reynolds Company had to dip into their “surplus” fund of $65,908,141. In all, a real case for the relief authorities! Only Camels Allowed Te Reynolds Company manufactures Prince Albert smoking tobacco, the famous Camels and various brands of chewing and snuff to- baccos, In fact the whole town reeks of it. And woe be to the worker in the plant who is seen smoking any other brand but Camels! He's unceremoniously fired, and Esther Lowell tells me that even the corner druggist near the courthouse square was once called on the phone and brusquely told to adjourn the Chesterfield display in his window. In spite of the juicy trust funds for the Reynolds children, Winston- Salem relief authorities frankly admit that many of the Reynolds tobacco workers are on the relief rolls because they do not get enough in wages to feed their families. School boards generally explain the firing of radical teachers by charging them with “neglect of duty” or “incompetence,” but in Shields’ case they did not have the brass to do so. R. W. McDonald, chairman of the North Carolina Higher Education Association and president of the Piedmont Schoolmasters Ciub, who resigned from Salem College when North Carolina manufacturers threatened to cut down donations for his school, had this to say of Shields: “Shields is easily one of the most able schoolmen in North Caro- lina. His devotion to his work and to the welfare of pupils in his charge has made of him an example to others in the profession, His contributions to the lives of the boys and girls in his community com- mand the honor and respect of all who know of his influence.” * * * * . Slaves Wanted! UT this is not the kind of school teachers the manufacturers and mill owners want in the South. And, despite the fabulous profits of the Reynolds Company, very little money is available for schools, In the school where Shields taught, for example, the gymnasium is shut down, the art and music classes discontinued, and nothing but reading, writing and arithmetic is taught—just “plain larnin’,” enough to equip the children of the workers to tend the machines in the mills, or serve as clerks in the company offices. The school systems everywhere haye broken down under the crisis. Thousands of schools, not only in the South, but throughout the country, have been shut down, and teachers dismissed. There's no money around, folks, we need the cash for battleships and poison gas! ' “Veterans on March” | Tells Story of | Bonus Fight | By JACK DOUGLAS Bonus March was no isolated phenomenon. It was a natural outcome of a long historic process of the immediate aftermaths of wars in America, reaching back to the Revolutionary War. The condi- tions after the World War which led up to the Bonus March were only a part of a triple parallel of similar economic and political con- ditions following all three of the major American wars: The Revolu- tionary War, the Civil War and the} World War. In each case the war | was followed by a short period of temporary prosperity and then deep crisis. And the crisis was deeper | each time it returned. In 1783, just after the Revolution, a large group of Revolutionary War soldiers made a “Pay March” to Philadelphia to lay their demands before the Continental Congress in session there. General Washington, Lafayette and other officers received large pensions in money and land grants; but the privates had not been paid since the Battle of York- town in 1781, two years before. About forty dropped out on the way, but. by the. time they got. to Philadelphia enough sympathizers had joined them to triple their original number. They arrived on a Friday, June twentieth, and marched to the State House the next day. come for their pay, and that they if they came to Congress than if they waited for Congress to come to them. The Journal of Congress for that year shows a pitifuly deserted gap between June 21—when a lone reso- lution was passed, calling on Gen- eral Washington for troops, and calling on Congress “to meet on Thursday next at Trenton or Princeton in New Jersey”—and the next insertion which does not ap- pear until June 30, under the head- ing, “At Princeton.” When Congress reconyened at Princeton it directed General Howe to “march with force to Pennsyl- vania,” but showed a reluctance to call out troops because they might “be ready to make common cause with those on their march for mu- tinous -” The Marchers evidently had the sympathy of the citizenry. Continental troops had been called for because the militia in the city was “disinclined to act Their spokesman said they had| thought they had a better chance! Chapter In Struggles of Ex-S e George Washington wrote back to Massachusetis to get a personal look | Washi Congress in response to their re- quest for troops; “I instantly or- dered three complete regiments of infantry and a detachment of artillery to be put in motion as soon as possible. This corps (which you will observe by the return is a large proportion of an whole force) will consist of upward of 1,000 effec- tives.” Washington also called these Marchers “soldiers of a day” and a “rough lot,” much as President Hoover a century and a half later, called the Bonus Marchers down- right “criminals” and “Reds” and claimed that they were not even veterans. When the troops arrived, the Pay Marchers’ leaders had slipped away. The Pay Marchers were forced to return home. Two were sentenced to death; and four to corporal punishment, Later, Congress saved jits face by pardoning them. The soldiers failed in their March, but left a tradition—the tradition of demand by demonstration for what they considered their rights, Shoes le IN Massachusetts, another uprising was going on at this time—an up- rising of a part of the same masses, now hungry and suffering, who had done the fighting that won the Revolution. One of the leading figures of this uprising was Colonel Daniel Shays, a Revolutionary War veteran “who had been conspicuous for his bravery at Bunker Hill and at Stony Point.” (From Americana: | American Historical Magazine, 1926; article by Charles A. Shriner.) The close of the Revolution was followed by two years of fair pros- perity. Then came hard times, de- |pression. Among those worst hit were the poor farmers. . Money seemed to disappear. Barter became the prevalent way of doing busi- ness. Law suits were more common than money. The courts were glutted with them. In 1784 at least every fourth man in Groton (Mass.) had from one to twelve suits against him. In Gloucester, the population of which was then less than. fifty thousand, the civil court had a calendar of over 2,000 suits. This directed much of the anger of the people toward the courts. Farmers Rebel The farmers began to form groups and rebel. Ex-soldiers, looking about for work (many of them form- erly farm workers themselves) joined them, The militia was :called out; but in many places they were hurriedly recalled when it was found that they were in complete sympathy with the rebellious farnn- ers against whom they were sent. upon the present occasion.” Secretary of War Knox rushed to oy at the trouble. General Washington | wrote: “. . . Such a formidable rebellion, ., I hardly know how to4 realize it.” Heavy armed forces were sent, under one General Lincoln, to put down the rebellion. Here was a forecast of the events of 1932-3. American sodiers were sent against | American ex-soldiers and farmer At first the people had tried) peaceful methods. They petitioned the legislature. Then they began to| break up courts or prevent them from opening. This was in the autumn of 1786. During the winter| following, a home force of 500 was/ formed, with headquarters in Stock-| bridge. In February, one Parsons! put out a circular calling on his | “fellow-sufferers to resent unto re- lentless blood” and to collect in | Berkshire County for the purpose of \“burgoying General Lincoln and his army.” A skirmish took place. Two |men were wounded; eighty-four, | |taken prisoners. A number accept- ed an offer of pardon on condition they lay down their arms and take an oath of allegiance. Another force was formed, but no} match for the state troops sent against them. They retreated, trudg- ing thirty miles over frozen roads and fields. Rain had followed a| thick snowfall. A crust of slippery | ice had formed over a foot and a half.of snow. Suddenly, the rebels saw ahead of them at the top of a hill they | were climbing, the troops they were trying to avoid. The troop com- manders ordered, “Fire!” Every musket was discharged into the ground. American soldiers refused to fire on American ex-soldiers. (Here also a precedent was formed for a Bonus March incident in 1932.) Pension Fights During Civil War Pardon was later granted to 270 prisoners. Fourteen were sentenced to death. Shays escaped into Ver- mont, and was pardoned two years later. This page was inserted in American history text books under the heading of “Shays’ Rebellion.” The Civil War, similarly, was fol- lowed by a short wave of prosperity, followed in turn by the bottom of | the wave—depression. In the trough of the depression came the long- drawn-out “pension fights” which lasted into the next century. Year by year the Civil War vets, driven by economic conditions, bat- tled. Every few years they gained additional concessions from the government. The veterans’ organi- zation, the G. A. R., grew so strong that twenty-five years after the Civil War had ended, no presidential candidate could hope for election without the veteran’s vote, Even as Veterans’ “Pay March” In 1783 Is Vivid rvicemen agton Described War Vets as a “Rough Lot” late as 1918, after the United States had entered the World War, there was a slight increase of certain classifications of pensioners. This | was also a promise to the World War soldiers that they would be well cared for when they returned. 'HE questionnaires which had to be filled out by the Civil War veterans, or their families if they had been killed, were so complicated and full of red tape that only a person used to them could fill them out. This kept the veterans sub- jected to politicians, who used them during political campaigns on promises ‘of concessions. In addi- tion, these questionnaires made the veterans a prey and tools of a crew of thieving “legal representa- tives,” called “claim agents.” Often the doctors, to whom the veterans went to have their conditions certi- fied, increased their fees by turning claim agents. A Government in- vestigator of the time describes them and the general condition to which the veterans and their families were subjected: “Claim agents would sit at the pay offices on pay days and seize the pensions of frightened, ignorant privates, frequently retaining more than half of it for themselves, . . Just as the Revolutionary officers’ bonuses had fallen into the hands of the money lenders, so the pension emoluments of the Civil War vet- erans collected in the pockets of the loan sharks.” There is no uniform pension law for veterans. Disability payments came only as a result of the strug- gles of the veterans after each war. But, as far back as 1818, veterans were able to force from Congress payments for injuries and the pres- sure of economic conditions—even though not arising from the war itself. (Payments for service con- nected injuries were always provided for.) This formed the first basis for what is known as the non-service connected disability allowances and laid the foundation for similar pay- ments for Civil War, Spanish- American War and Worki War veterans, From “Veterans on the March,” by Jack Douglas, with a foreword by John Dos Passos. To be pub- lished by Workers Library Pub- lishers next week. The book wili be reviewed in the Dally Worker by Harold Hickerson, By M. JORGA Te morning I can feel my feet again. Last night these same limbs were like two dead stumps weighing me down. Sleep is nature's bribe to make me forget how tired I was the night before. I remember I fell asleep with my clothes pasted to my flesh. My wife fidgeted with the knots on my shoe laces. She put on the light—‘lemme alone. I’m tired”— and I dozed off. * 'S THURSDAY. The women will be out early. Carrots ought to go good today. I load up and nail a signboard on the side of the pushcart. I steer right into a nest of women. the price is four cents a here’s three cents.” “Lady, they're very sweet when they’re small. They're young car- rots.” ‘Two women come over and start to pick. Other women spy the bar- gain. A crowd gathers. Every woman is out to get the best of me. The pennies count. “Mister,—the cop’s coming.” I try to collect as fast as I can. A few women get away without pay- ing. I'm on the run. The cart feels like a ton. “Hey you, if I catch you here again, I'll break your—” I ditch into a side street for a few minutes. The cop clears out of sight. I'm back again. A crowd circles round me, “Cheap, cheap, today! Four cents a bunch! Look at the ‘moichan- dise’!” From behind me a cop jumps out A PEDDLER’S DIARY . . A TRUE STORY writing. “Where do you live?” he demands angrily. “Let me go this time, ‘I've got to pay my rent...” “Come with me!” the bully grabs my arm and hustles me along. dj Some woman calls the cop a “Hit- fa . . WAIT a couple of hours in the crowded magistrate’s court. I’m tried with a group of peddlers. “Guilty or not guilty?” the judge asks in a mechanical way. Some plead guilty, some, not guilty, others plead guilty with an explanation. We all wind up in the same cooler. We're in for a day. The Peddlers smoke, chat, read the picture newspapers, Some send out the guard for cof- fee and sandwiches. He charges them high prices. The peddlers are sore as hell. Time passes. ‘We have six more out on the floor and sleeps. Some sing. There are fifteen of us. The air is stifling. We grow her- vous. One peddler, Mike, suddenly exclaims putting down his paper: “What the hell do they lock us up for—are we criminals?” ‘The peddlers look up. Their eyes gleam. On the wall is a carved inscrip- tion of a hammer and sickle. I remark, “Look, here on the wall it says, ‘Fight for Unemployment Insurance’.” 2 “ “Against Imperialist War’.” - “‘Join the Communist Party’.” A peddler asks me the meaning of “imperialist war.” I tell him how the same capitalists who locked us up because we are too poor to pay their fines, send us to war in order to increase their mil- lions. A discussion starts. Everyone agrees that the crisis is leading to a new war. The capi- 7:00 P.M.-WEAF—Baseball Resume WOR—Sports Resume—Ford Prick WJZ—Stamp Club—Capt. Tim Healy WABC—Mary Eastman, Soprano; Concert Orch. :15-WEAF—Homespun—Dr, William H. Foulkes WOR—Danty Dee, Commentator WsZ—Flying—Captain Al Williams WABC—Jones Orch. 7:30-WEAF—Martha Mears, Songs WOR—Robert Bedell, Organ WdZ—Bestor Orch. WABC—Jones Orch. 1:45-WEAF—Sisters of the Skillet WABC—Morton Downey Party 8:00-WEAF—Coleman Orch. WiZ—Via Orchestra, with Carlos Spaventa and Robt. Maya, Guitar 8:30-WEAF—Canadian Concert WOR—New York Philharmonic-Sym- phony Orch.; Opera, Aida, with Rosa Tentoni, Soprano; Kathryn Meisle, Contralto: Frederick Jagel, of @ radio c*~ Tenor; Harold Kravitt, Bass; Clau- dio Prigerio, Baritone; Louis D'An- TUNING IN gelo, Bass; Lodovico Oliviero, Ten- or; Marie Budde, Soprano at Lewi- sohn Stadium; Alexander Smaliens, Conductor ‘WJZ—Mystery Drama WABC—Philadelphia. Summer Con- cert Orch. from Robin Hood Dell, Fairmont Park, Philadelphia; Hans Kindler, Conductor 9:00-WEAF—One Man's Family—Sketch WJZ—Variety Musicale 9:30-WEAF—Chicago Symphony Orch, Eric DeLamarter, Conductor WIZ—Goldman Band Concert at Prospect Park, Brooklyn 10:00-WEAF—Ray Knight's Cuckoos 10:15-WEAF—Lombardo Orch, WJZ—Male Quartet 10:30-WJZ—Barn Dance WABO—Michaux Congregation 10:45-WEAF—Siberian. Singers, Direction Nicholas Vasilieft, Tenor 11:00-WEAF—Lyman Orch. WOR—Weather; Stuart Orch, WABC—Sylvia Froos, Songs ss fe, es “What's your name?” He starts hours to go. One peddler sprawls¢talists want to avoid paying unem- ployment insurance to the hungry masses, etc. . ‘ACH one talks. 'The peddlers speculate as to who will fight whom. Soon all recognize that the building of socialism in the Soviet Union is becoming the tar- get for a world imperialist attack. “What will you do in the event of such a war?” The question comes like a mild bomb shell. A long, heated discussion begins. "Many say they will go to jail rather than fight for the Morgans and Rockefellers. I show them the futility of such a method of fighting against Wall Street's war. How helpless we are when we are locked up. I relate the history of the Russian Revolution and the role of the Bolsheviks. The slogan of Lenin “Turn the Im- perialist War Into Civil War.” The peddlers forget the time. Soon we are to be freed and sent back to our pushcart slavery. Fifteen unemployed workers, ped- dlers arrested for trying to stave off hunger, trodding the streets all day long under a broiling sun, hounded by bulls—are put in jail. Fifteen peddlers (most of them jobless workers) vowed vengeance against their class enemies—stripped themselves of all petiy-bourgeois il- lusions which penny profits hung on to them. When they heard the story of the Russian Revolution and the heroic anti-fascist struggle of the German Workers led by the under- ground Communist Party of Ger- many, they took heart and recog- nized the working class as blood and flesh of their own. Each one left the -jail.cell deter- mined to answer. his day. in» jail by reading the Daily Worker and or- ganizing against the Roosevelt Hunger Deal es ™ Page Seven LABOR AND By DAVID RAMSEY Forecasting Death } Dr. M. DeNouy, of the Pasteur Institute im France recently de- scribed @ spectroscopic curve which | forecast the time of a human death | more accurately than a physician’s | diagnosis. The curve was discovered in a spectroscopic examination of | blood. | The French scientist and his asso- ciates have been studying the struc- | tural nature of blood. They anal- |zed about 8,000 samples taken from | men, horses and sheep. The serum or else the plasma, both colorless | substances, were used. This part of the blood appears without color to! |the eye but reveals considerable | “color” under ultra-violet light. The | “color” discloses its presence by ab-| | Sorbing some of the light which is | Passed through the plasma or serum | into & spectroscope. It is this ab- | Sorption which shows itself as lines |on the spectrograph. Dr, De Nouy | then uses these lines as a base with which to plot a curve. He claims such ® spectroscopic curve reveals differences so wide that no given | curve could be mistaken for any other. He reported that alterations in the curves apparently correspond to very deep chemical modifications | affecting the color elements. Thus, he predicted the death of one man| from whom a sample had been | taken within 24 hours, according to} report. The man had been extremely ill but had been expected to live many months. Dr. De Nouy did not | ATORY SHOP \————. Metes on Science and Technology ——— position as presented by Professor | Stark, president of the National Physical-Technical Institute, in # pamphlet entitled “National Social- ism and Science.” * Some Aspects of the Drought current drought has been characterized by the U. & Weather Bureau as “the most exe tensive drought in the climatological history of the United States.” Ace cording to J. B. Kincer of the Bureau the drought this year differs in many respects from that of 1930, and “in many ways is very unusual.” In no other case on record has a drought at any in time covered such extensive areas as at present, and seldom has so severe a drought be- gun so early in the year, The records of the Weather Bue reau Show the drought was due to | the reduction of rainfall to half the normal volume, together with ab- normally high temperatures over extensive areas. Abnormally high winds combined with deficient rain- |fall resulted in unprecedented dust storms in May. Along with tremendous damage te agriculture (losses in eight agricul- tural states are already estimated at $5,500,000,000) the drought brought other serious consequences. The En- gineering News-Record reports that preliminary surveys indicate: 1—Rivers and streams have fallen to record lows. 2—Most wells in the drought area are exhausted and groundwater | supplies are rapidly failing. say how sensitive a death barometer | 3—A strong possibility exists that the blood curve may be, so that only | certain municipal water supplies will Subsequent experiment will decide| suffer from serious deficiencies. the validity and range of his tech-| 4—Dust blown by high winds dur- nique. ing the spring has filled many i drainage ditches along highways. The History of Science in the Light |Many roads are so covered with of Hitlerism jdust that they will have to be ON the contributions of the| cleared by scrapers. Nazis to “history and culture” is 5—Sewage disposal problems have their “reinterpretation” of the his-| become formidable. tory of science so as to exclude all| With typhoid fever spreading Jews from the ranks of those who|throughout the drought area, the have made important scientific con- | question of the shortage of pure tributions in the several fields. Ac-| water and hygienic problems must cording to the deep thinkers of|be solved quickly if epidemics are Nazidom, only the “German” type of | to be avoided. But the advice of the man has been granted the gift of| U.S. Public Health Service to stary- Seeing things as they really are, Of| ing farmers and their families illus- this the Jew is entirely Incapable | trates the stupidity and cruelty of Thus, Heinrich Hertz was able to| capitalism in dealing with the sit- make an important discovery only| uation. The Service tells the vie- because he had a German mother.| tims to “guard against malnutrition ne Ehrlich discovered the treatment for siphilis because Jews are naturally devoted to what is venal and vene- real. For the rest, Jewish scientists have been engaged in strangling “true German science.” Klein and Hilbert, we are led to) believe, raped Nordic-German ma- thematics. Einstein, Sommerfeld and Franck . circumcized physics, Haber polluted physical chemistry (it was Haber’s discovery of syn-| thetic nitrates which kept Germany| in munitions during the last impe- | nlalist war after its supplies of| Chilean nitrates were exhausted).| Apparently the one field untam-| pered with by Jews has been “race| science.” Here the inevitable work-| ings of destiny and heredity have produced that greatest of thinkers, artists and scientists, Hitler, who with the aid of “race science” will save the world from Jewish science, Jewish bolshevism and Jewish lust. This “reinterpretation” of scien- tifio history is not taken from a comic journal. It is the official Nazi of children” and offers other “good” advice. At the same time the gov- ernment is ruthlessly pushing through its starvation farm pro- gram, which is the source of most of the evils that health officials warm against. What's New Wyatt Clinic Research Labor- atories have been given a mono- poly by the goyernment to manu- facture a new kind of vaccine for | treatment of arthritis... The Nazis, who have sharply cut the number of university and profesional stu- dents, have just opened an army medical academy to train students for medical service in the army .... Under the abominable Nazi sterili- zation law, 761 persons out of 769 persons examined by the court in Hamburg were ordered sterilized, As a threat against foreigners who may protest against atrocities, the Fascists declare that they, too are Boies to sterilization under the aw. MOSCOW, U. 8S. S. R.—The greatest theatre city in the world is going to have a festival of the stage. September Ist to 10th of this year has been set aside for the performance in Moscow of the outstanding productions of recent years. Last year a similar fete was held in June. It was changed to September at the request of numerous foreign theatre enthu- siasts who wished for dates on which they could attend with more convenience, The great directors, Stanislavsky, Nemerovich-Daychenko, Meyerhold, Tairov and the foremost artists are members of the festival com- mittee. During the ten days they have planned a program of the most successful stagings in the First Theatres, Meyerhold’s, the Vakh- tangov, the Maly, the Grand Opera | and in. the numerous other houses of Moscow. The festival will mark | the opening of a season generally expected to surpass all previous efforts of the Soviet theatre. | While ten. masterpieces have been selected by the committee as the recommended works in the out- standing theatres, more than fifty plays will be running during the festival. “Prince Igor” will be the | feature at the Bolshoi (Grand | Opera House); Meyerhold will pre- | sent his yersion of “Camille”; The | State Jewish Theatre will. give “200,000”; “Intervention” will be at the Vakhtangov; the Maly Theatre will stage “Lyubov Yarovaya”; the Second Moscow Art Theatre will do “Twelfth Night"; “The Optimistic Tragedy” wil] be at the Kamerny; | and’ Second Moscow Art| 8ttend the festival, Moscow Theatres Plan Festival Others” will run at the First Mos- | cow Art Theatre; the ballet at the | Bolshoi will be “The Flames of Paris” and Stanislayski’s Opera Theatre will produce “The Barber | of Seville.” The artists and directors of the Yarious theatres will meet with foreign guests to discuss the prob= Jems of the theatre. On Septem- ber 7th foreign visitors are invited to a tea at the Theatrical Club at | Which Moscow's leading directors, artists and critics will be hosts. The Travel Company of the U. S. |S. R. is accommodating visitors |from abroad in its four Moscow hotels. Oliver Sayler of New York and H, W. L. Dana of Boston are leading two groups of theatre lovers from the United States to Large groups are expected from England, Sweden and France. Ban on Labor-Saving Machines, Italy Orders ROME, Aug. 3.—Fascism took one more reactionary step today when Jabor-saving machinery, particularly in the textile industry was ordered dropped in order to “make work.” Heavy “savings” on the budget at the expense of jobs and wages has made the unemployment situation so desperate that this retrogressive | Measure was instituted. War Series on Monday The series, “From the First World War to the Second” will be continued on Page 6 in Monday’s Gorki’s play, “Ygor Bulitcheff and issue. AMUSE MENTS The DAILY WORKER Says: “Well worth Sovie Close-Ups SEE WHAT ONE-SIXTH OF THE WORLD IS DOING! ———-ACME Thea., 14th St. and a visit to Aome ... thoroughly enjoyable.” MOSCOW greets PROF. SCHMIDT—Cele- bration in honor of CHELYUSKIN HEROES—KIEV new Capitol of Ukraine —MONGOLIAN natives, at work and play —VEADIVOSTOK— fe on COLLEC- TIVES—TULA, native home of samovar —ete., ete, (English Titles). ‘i Union Sq. — Always Cool——— ! Are You in Rockaway Today? Come to the Mid-night Film Showing “SNIPER” Boardwalk Theatre, 67th Street on Boardwalk—11:30 P. M.—Adm. Sc Speaker: NORMAN H. TALLENTIRE Auspices: Rockaway Br. American League Against War and Fascism 'TADIUM CONCERT: Lewisohn Stadium, Amst.Ave.&138 St. PHILHARMONIC-SYMPHO! NY Symphonic Programs Sunday through Thursday Nights, 8:30 Conducted by VAN HOOGSTRATEN ‘Opera formances with Star Casts Saturday Nights at 8:30 lucted by SMALLENS Cor Prices; ey