The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 31, 1934, Page 5

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JULY 31, 1934 CHANGE ——THE— WORLD! By SENDER GARLIN ELDOM has the bitter irony of the “model town” been better revealed than in Kohler, Wisconsin, which is now being ruled by the state’s national guard. Here in these model towns you see the company union in its finest blossom, with the bosses exercising the rights of feudal barons over their serfs. But it's all said with flowers! In Kohler workers went on strike in the town’s big plumbing equipment factory owned by the millionaire Kohler who was at one time Republican governor of the state of Wisconsin, Thus far, two workers have been shot to death and 47 wounded, in keeping with the long-established practice of the capitalist class in breaking strikes. Mr. Kohler is furious because the workers show such “ingratitude” toward his humanitarian schemes. He had it worked out so beauti- fully, too. Here, thought Kohler, was a brand-new idea for eliminat- ing the class struggle. So he built a lot.of houses, rented them out to his workers, spent a few thousand dollars for rose tendrils, thinking thereby to hide the ugly facts of the class struggle. But it didn’t work out, it seems. And now the lawns and parks and the offices of Konler’s plant have become military headquarters with pup tents housing the mem- bers of the National Guard! The class struggle is something that can’t be dolled up with a powder puff, nor can low wages and speed-up be hidden by Tose- bushes. For a time, perhaps, it is possible for a boss to beguile his workers with genial poesy about the joys of tending his own garden in his back yard. But after a while, the simple process of subtracting the household expenses from the weekly wages brings such a violent disenchantment that even the rosebushes in the backyard become a taunt. The workers in Kohler have had enough of this “model town” bunk, What they want is recognition of a real union. . . . Fraternity Brothers HE newspapers are carrying some interesting pictures about the T situation in this Wisconsin town. One of them shows Robert Kohle-, son of the owner of the plant, serving hot coffee to deputy sheriffs “guarding” the company property, as the papers say. These are the same deputies who murdered two workers and severely wounded more than two score others, It is therefore not for nothing that young Kohler got such a good college education. Kohler, probably belongs to the same fraternity as Herbert Fleisch- hacker, Jr., of California, whose daddy is one of the biggest bankers on the Pacific Coast. Among militant workers in California he is in- variably referred to as the “chief jailor of Tom Mooney,” and it is an open secret that this banker held the mortgage to the late Gov. Rolph’s bankrupt shipping concern, Fleischhacker, Jr., several weeks ago was busy trying to gather up scabs to work on the docks at $20 a day. Robert Kohler, Jr., serves hot coffee to the murderous deputies in his father's “model town.” * ESEARCH reveals the fact that Kohler, Sr., has had a rough battle through life. First of all, he was born in the windy month of March in nearby Sheboygan, Wisconsin. Graduating from the local high school, he spent five years at the state university in Madison, receiving checks from his pappy every month, and familiarizing himself with the bridle paths along Lake Mendota. Completing his college course, Kohler got married and settled down to the job of “taking the financial risks” of running his father’s business. Mr. Kohler, revealing the great buccaneering spirit which is re- sponsible for building up “our” country, inherited from his father the Kohler plant in Trenton, New Jersey, and in the same way became chairman of the board of directors of the Kohler Company in London, England. He is also a director of the Security National Bank, presi- dent of the Mountain States Supply Company, president of the Kohler Improvement Company, organized to make Kohler, Wis., “an American Garden city.” . What's more, Mr. Kohler Is president of the Sheboygan Home for the Friendless and director of the Wisconsin Manufacturers’ Asso- ciation, An Earlier “Utopia” IN ALL, a great record for “improving” the conditions of the workers —especially those in his own plant. Recall, incidentally, Pullman, Tl, where the Kohler of his day, George R. Pullman, established a “model town” for his workers. Things were so ideal for the men who constructed the luxurious Pullman cars—which workers build but do not ride in—that they walked out on a strike. It happened 40 years ago, but Pullman displayed the same injured feelings that Kohler does today. + Eugene V. Debs, head of the fighting American Railway Union, called his men out on a sympathy strike. Thousands responded, but President Grover Cleveland sent federal troops out on the pretense that the mails were being “interfered with” and the strike was smashed. The history of every private “utopia” is the same. It begins with flowers and ends with bullets, Hitlerism in U. S. (ROM Wallace H. Spradling, an architect of Palo Alto, California, comes the following: “Ruthenberg House has been gutted! fascist police gang! “ An enormous old grey frame, five story house, set at a precarious angle on one of San Francisco's hills: 121 Haight St., just past auto- mobile row a block off Market St. Only nine months ago this old frame building was just another empty house. One bright day early in the month of December a handful of people decided on this place as a cultural center for workers. They. canvassed all mass organi- zations and collected enough money for one month’s rent, One week from the day the rent was paid and a lease signed; this five-story build- ing was completely furnished by workers and their friends who took tables and chairs out of their own home to give to the new workers’ center, and every room was filled with such a healthy hubbub of activ- ity that it was a cure for any kind of pessimism just to walk in the door. The I. L. D,, the Workers’ Theater, the Artist and Writers’ Union, the Film Photo League, the Workers’ School, the Workers’ Book Shop, the Labor Sports’ Union, all had swell new quarters here and they were all as pleased and happy as children with new toys. Thousands of Californians representing every section of Gold Coast humanity found a new home and a new life at Ruthenberg House. “Now the police and fascist gangs have smashed all this! The way to answer the San Francisco police is to help the West Coast build a new and bigger Ruthenberg House and support those militants who spurred on the great general strike.” TUNING 7:00 P. M.-WEAFC Baseball Resume ‘WIZ—Alice Mock, Smashed by Mayor Rossi’s 9:30-WEAF—Dramatic Sketch WOR—Michaél Bartlett, Tenor ‘WJZ—Naumberg Memorial Concert, Jaffray Harris, Conductor, Central Park Mall ‘WABC—Himber Orch. foe qe gerens Brown, Violin 7:15-WEAF—Gene and Gle1 WOR—Comedy; Music ‘WJZ—Jack Parker, Tenor ‘WABC—House Beside the Road— Sketch 7:30-WEAF—Three X Sisters, Songs WOR—Talk—Harry Hershfield ; | mares,” WiZ—The Tennessee Valley - with Gladys ut, Soprano; ment—John B. Blandford Jr., Co- Mario Cha . Tenor, and others wake ik hos WABC—Fray and Braggiotti, Piano *:e wae of the Skillet pains aE Se Events—H. E. Read iberian Singers WABC—Troopers Band 10:30-WOR—Brogale Orch. WSZ—Tim Ryan's Rendezvous WABC—Melodic Strings 11:00-WEAF—Wireless Amateurs—Sketch WOR—Whiteman Orch. ‘WJZ—Berger Orch. WABC—Party Issues—Talk 11:15-WEAF- Ww. ‘WdJZ—Frank Buck's Adventures Ww. ‘ke Carter, Commentator 8:00-WEAF—Reisman Orch.; Phil Duey, Baritone WOR—Variety Musicale WJZ—Bergliot—Dramatic Reading ‘WABC—Concert Orch.; Frank Munn, Tenor; Muriel Wilson, Seprano 8:30-WEAF—Wayne King Orch. ‘WOR—Dantzig Orch. WJ2—Goldman Band Concert, Pros- pect Park, Brooklyn WABC—Byman Orch.; fal, Soprano; Oliver Smith, Tenor 9:00-WAF—Duluth Symphony Orch., Paul Le May, Conductor ‘WOR—Variety Musicale Coleman Orch. ‘Robert Royce, Tenor WABC—Jones Orch: 11:30-WEAF—Hoff Orch. WOR—Stuart Orch. WJZ—Vallee Orch. 11:45-WABC—Reichman Orch. 12:00-WMCA—Dance Music (Also WEAF, WABCO, WOR, WJZ, WEVD) Vivienne Se- Anna Louise Strong’s | Pamphlet Describes Rule by USSR Workers | “Dictatorship and Democracy in | | the Soviet Union” is the title of a | new pamphlet, just issued by Inter- | national Publishers, on life under | workers’ rule, by the well-known | journalist, Anna Louise Strong. Al- | ways lively and interesting in her | writing, she is at her best in the | present study, described in the in- troduction as “concrete reporting on | themes of daily life in the Soviet | Union, which show how our life here is governed.” Titles of sub-sections in the pam- | phiet. show its scope: the drive on | the kulaks; power in the hands of workers; government begins at the work bench; foreign workers par- ticipate; full-time work and “social | work”; function of the Party; cre-| ating the collective will; the Com- munists of Molvitino; “power” and | “authority”; Stalin’s method; a Party | mobilization, and the active will of the workers. | From her own experience of the | Soviet Government in action, Anna Louise Strong gives us in this brief discussion a convincing answer to the criticism so commonly levelled against the workers’ state, that it is a “dictatorship” where life is “quite thoroughly regimented by an all- powerful state.” Here is a booklet that you can give to American-born workers and intellectuals, It may be purchased from the nearest Work- ers Book Shop, or from Interna- tional Pamphlets, 799 Broadway, New York City. The price is 5 cents. Eva Le Gallienne To Stage “L’ Aiglon” In the Fall Eva Le Gallienne and the Civic Repertory Company, who have been touring the country the past months, will appear in Rostand’s famous drama, “L’Aiglon” under the management of Arch Selwyn and Harold B. Franklin. The company will also stage other plays during their season at the 46th Street Theatre, which opens in Novem- ber. Miss Le Gallienne will stage the production. Max Gordon is now casting his production of “The Great Waltz,” retitled from “Waltez From Vienna,” which has a score by the Johann Strausses, father and son. The show,’ which has been adapted by Moss Hart, is scheduled to open at the Center Theatre in September. Another Gordon _ production, “Spring Song,” a story of the Ghetto by Bella and Samuel Spewack, will be tried out this week at the Rudge- jway Theatre, White Plains. Fran- cine Larrimore plays the leading | Tole, Van Hoogstraten Back At The Stadium. Tonight Williem Van Hoogstraten returns as conductor of the Philharmonic- Symphony Orchestra at the Stadium this evening. His program includes the Overture to ‘“Rosamunde,” Schubert; Symphony No, 3 in A major. (“Scotch” Symphony) Men- delssohn; Overture to “Romeo and Juliet,” Tchaikovsky; Til Eulen- spiegl, Strauss and Prelude to “Meistersinger,” Wagner. Symphony No. 8 in F major, by Beethoven; “Iberia,” Debussy; Ballet Music from “Rosamunde,”- Schubert and Three Excerpts from “The Damnation of Faust” by Berlioz “Aida” will be the opera on Friday and Saturday. The Goldman Band, under the direction of Dr. Edwin Franko Goldman, will give a concert of original band music in Central Park this evening, a Russian program on Friday and a miscellaneous concert on Sunday. On Thursday Goldman will direct the band at the N. Y. University and on Saturday evening at Prospect Park, These concerts jare free. WHAT’S ON PHOTO EXHIBITION “America Today,” at Brighton Beach Workers Center, 3200 Coney Island Ave., 8:30 p.m. Inauguration of Camera Branch in Brighton. Prominent speakers. Adm. fr Auspices W.LR, and Film & Photo League. LECTURE by Dr. Bernhard J. Stern on “Race Doctrine and the Negro” at Na- tional Student League, 114 W. 14th 8t., 4 to 5:30 pm, Adm. 5c, Wednesday MASS ANTI-WAR Open Air Meeting at 4th St. and Rockaway Beach Blvd., Hi mel, L. I. Auspices: Rockaway C. workers of Rockaway are called the meeting. pee ey A POPULAR DISCUSSION on Marxist Strategy and Tactics in Relation to Trade Union Work in the United States will take place Friday, August 17, at 50 E. 13th St., Second floor, 8 p.m. Jack Stachel will review orally Lenin’s ‘“‘Left-Wing Commu- nism: An Infantile Disorder." Auspices Workers Book Shop, Adm. 2ic or $1.00's worth of literature. ; Philadelphia, Pa. MOONLIGHT CAMP FIRE. Auspices of Office Workers Union, Saturday evening, August 4th. Take car No. 23 on 11th St., get off at Mermaid Lane. Or meet 5 p.m. at 130 8. 8th St, Progra food—adm. 20c. | American Writers ‘in Current International Literature No. 1 (7) International Literature No. 1 (7) contains the announcement by the editorial board of the organization of a Literary Consultative Bureau. The bureau will furnish guidance on “Marxist-Leninist literary theo- ries, the use of the literary heri- tage in the struggle for a higher level of revolutionary literature— all practical questions facing writ- ers, including beginners.” Fiction and criticism by Ameri- can writers featured in the current number include: “Early American Labor and Literature,” by Alan Calmer; “Southern Boyhood Night- Eugene Gordon, well- known Negro writer; and “Jack Conroy, American Worker-Writer,” by Anne Elistratova. Among other contributors are D. 8. Mirsky, A. Lunacharsky, Sergei Dinamov, F. Gladkov, and the revo- lutionary Austrian artist, Paul Illes- Kupka, who contributes five power- ful drawings. International Literature No, 1 (a 160-page magazine for 35 cents) may be obtained from International Publishers, 381 Fourth Ave. New York; Workers Library Publishers, Box 148 Station D, New York, or from Workers Book Shops and branches, 4 STAGE and SCREEN | Drought Rapidly Devastating Crops of Farmers in Texas By LOUISE PREECE AUSTIN, Tex.—Two more weeks are left to the anxious farmers of Texas before the drought, which is sweeping through the entire Mid- dle West, completely devastates the crops. Each morning they scam the sky for a sign of rain, but they are met only by sun glare and blister- ing heat which is shriveling the crops and causing the cattle to per- ish from lack of water and feed. In despair, they return to the work of trying to keep both crops and livestock alive. Perhaps tomorrow— or the day after—there will be rain to soak the parched fields. The burden of four years of depression. followed by forced crop destruction, is on the shoulders of these farm- ers. Now, in the face of drought and destitution, they see famine creeping upon them while the gov- ernment makes bright promises of relief. Out of 254 Texas counties, 154 are on the emergency relief roll. Al- though the federal government has approved a grant of a one million dollar loan for this area, there is no let-up on the Bankhead law to decrease the allotment of cotton for this state. Secretary of Agricul- ture Henry Wallace admitted that | he knew both Texas and Oklahoma jto be in a critical situation, but that a later cotton crop might re- | sult in the states going over the sult in the state's going over the fact that they might reach the average yield allowed. Yet cotton in South Texas has opened so rap- idly as a result of the heat that the government tags permitting its sale had to be rushed there so that marketing of it would not be de- layed. Wallace also declared that the drought should be of great benefit because it would further re- duce the “surplus,” and that re- gions not touched by it should be able to supplement short crops in the drought area, His evident con- tention is that out and out starva- tion in certain regions is all right so long as there might be less stary- ation elsewhere. The million dollar relief grant will do nothing more than aid hard- pressed landlords. For the small farmers, this so-called relief is as much of a “fake” as the mortgage moratorium law passed by the legis- Jature last spring. But newspapers over the state flash the news that the farmers will be saved. Texas is to get a say in the new C.C.c. camps: which will go up in the “tree camp” for 30 girls, which will be constructed along the same lines Texas is to participate in the 4- point program of the government to “relieve” the drought area—a program which will kill off more cattle and recognize for relief only those applicants who have signed up under the A. A. A. The farmers have not swallowed this gag thrown out to them by Wallace. They see, on every site, government - sponsored subsistence villages and farms in the process Cattle Killed b; y Texas Drought of construction. They know that it means. competition which will even- tually drive them from the land to return them as slaves. Their homes are mortgaged and they are be- cattle raisers find themselves in need of help, which they will get. | The government is buying the cat- tle, offering as a maximum-no more | than $20 per head for two-year-olds. cause they have no money and no| to the hungry in lieu of jobs. Those way of getting money. Nevertheless, | farmers who have thousands of cat- they have been discriminated | tle to sell will not find this much against by the C.W.A. and the F. E.| of an imposition, for it means bet- R. A. because they still live under | ter prices later on. They can af- drought areas; Texas is to get a/ as Mrs. Roosevelt's “Camp Terror.” | the shelter of these debt-ridden homes. The farmers of the desti- tute Panhandle know that in 1930 a bumper crop of wheat was raised, but that it brought such low prices that their profits did not carry them through the year that followed. In 1931 and 1932 there was the drought, followed by rains and heavy winds, which ruined what- ever crops had managed to survive. This year the drought is worse. One farmer planted 320 acres of crops, which brought in exactly $108. After his debts were paid, he had a profit of $13. The South Plains are now swept bare, not only of crops and live- stock, but almost of human life itself. Here 75 per cent of the farm- ers were tenants. Under the com- pulsory cotton reduction campaign, most of them lost out with the 80,- 000 or so tenant farmers over the state who were forced to relinquish their right to the soil—even if it was landlord's soil. In the Rio | followed to take further toll of |farmers whose crops and homes were wiped out last fall by a tropi- cal hurricane, | Yet Secretary Wallace expects the |farmers to consider the drought | as a “blessing” when more than | 170,319 families are without a cow, 661,163 without a hog and 205,924 without a single chicken on their barren land. This total was stack- ing up while “surplus” products were being destroyed all over the country. In the spring the big cat- from the market in an effort to se- cure higher prices later on. But while they were holding out for the consumer to pay more, women and children were developing pel- lagra more rapidly because meat was too expensive to buy. Now the PART UT When Robbers Make Peace war was carried on. Th task of the Versailles Treaty was proclaimed as the replacement of war by a “firm, just and lasting peace.” Wilson's Fourteen Points, through which America announced its role as arbiter over the world, promised the ending of secret diplomacy, freedom of the seas, the abolition of all economic diplomacy, freedem of the seas, the abolition of all economic barriers, the reduction of arma- ments, the liberation of the op- pressed peoples and the creation of a League of Nations for the establishment of a permanent in- strument of peace. The Versailles ‘Treaty was supposed to guarantee the realization of these points, In the Covenant of the League of Nations, created in 1919, which formed the first section of the Ver- Sailles Treaty, it is solemnly pro-- laimed: Covenant of the League of Nations: “Whereas, it is essential for the Promotion of collaboration among nations and preservation of inter- national peace and international security, to undertake . definite pledges not to proceed to war; to preserve international relations with all frankness founded on justice and honour; to accurately observe the Prescriptions of international law, which henceforth are recognized as guidance for the actual behaviour of governments; to ensure that jus- tice prevails and to observe. all treaty obligations in the mutual re- lationship of organized peoples; the high Contracting Parties adopt tne Present Covenant which establishes the League of Nations.” The disarming of Germany was characterized as the first step on the way to general disarmament, “which the powers seek to realize as one of the best means for the pre- yention of war and which it will be one of the first tasks of the League of Nations to bring about.” The protection of the political inde- pendence and inviolability of all states and the adoption of meas- ures against any disturver of the peace was sacredly promised by the League of Nations through the Ver- sailles Treaty. In the sober light of day the reality was seen to be different from what was written on paper. The shimmering contents of the Wilscnian Fourteen Points, of the pact of the League of Nations and of the Versailles Treaty, only aimed at deceiving the masses of the people. Boundless hatred had ac- cumulated among the wide masses of the people on account of the war crime which had been committed Jand on account of the unspeakable “The War To End War,” such was | the slogan under which the World| From the F eat WMorkl Way to the . sufferings which they had endured, and was expressed in tremendous | outbursts of feeling hostile to war and to the capitalists, in the enor- mous revolutionary actions of | the post-war period. Only the ab- sence of revolutionary parties and | the hangsman’s services performed by the Second International for | the bourgeoisie prevented the over- | throw of capitalism in Russia from being followed by its overthrow also in all the other countries of Europe. By asserting their belief in peace, the imperialists and their Social-Democratic lackeys found a means of escaping the wrath of the people. In addition, there was the fact that the powers, exhausted by the World War, were in need of a considerable breathing space. The Versailles Treaty, concluded by the imperialists as the sequel to an imperialist war, could not help leading to an imperialist peace. The treaties of capitalist society based on exploitation and oppression could only be treaties for the safe- guarding of the capitalist exploiting rule over the toilers in their own ccuntry and over the millions of the colonial slaves. The. victor in this war was not the toiling people of any country but only a section of the world bourgeoisie. In the con- quered countries, however, the workers had to submit to the double yoke of exploitation of both internal and external capitalists. Only in one country did the working class emerge as victor from the World War, viz, in the land of Soviets, where 160,000,000 workers and peasants put an end to the im- perialist war by the path of the October Revolution, With its victory over its own bourgeoisie, the Russian proletariat was victorious also against the world bourgeoisie. Liberated from all fetters in its own country, it became at the same time free from external fetters. The Russian work- ing class was the only one which did not have to pay tribute either to its own capitalists or to foreign capitalists. The tsarist treaties and debt obligations were torn up like the dictates of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. Soviet Russia was the only one of the belligerents whose sig- nature was lacking from the Ver- sailles Treaty. Only where the working class was in nower, did this class emerge from the World War as the victor. The new relations of power in the imperialist camp determined by the outcome of the war found their expression in the Verseilles Treaty. The world was divided up afresh, and thereby at the same time the germ was laid for efforts at re- ‘vision on the part of those who had been deceived in the division of the booty and for hankerings for revenge on the nert of the plunde:- Treaty became an inexhaustiiy> source of new contradictions and materials for Grande Valley the drought has| tle growers held over their cattle | | ford to keep foundation herds. | But for the small farmers it means ruin. Some of them are sell- ing their blooded cattle for as low | as $200 for 16 head in order to | keep them from starvation. Others |are shooting their cows and feed- | ing them to the hogs. Still others ‘What’s Doing in the Workers hind payment on their taxes be-| The meat will be canned and fed! Schools of the U. S. Many New Courses AtN. Y. School The New York Wi planning new cour: term, which will nouncing the courses will be avail- | able at the school office about the end of August. Registration v gin September 4, the day | bor Day. In addition to the regular eurricu- lum consisting of courses in Prin- |ciples of Communism, Economy, A, B, and C, M: Leninism, Problems. of the Negro Liberation Movement, Tr Union Organization, courses in Histo | American. Labor. M: jand Political. Forces of History, History. of Cl and language cour: Russian, etc, the School is intro- ducing new coui in Social and Political Geography. which will deal with the study of the manner in which geographical facts and fac- tors have conditioned the develop- ment of modern imperialism. This course will give the student a-clearer grasp in understanding the policies of the imperialist cou s for colonial expansion and exploitation. Another new addition to the cur- riculum is a course in “Speech-Mak- ing” or “Speech-Writing.” This will not be a course in Public Speaking. The course in Public Speaking will be given as heretofore. The course jin “Speech Making” will consist of the methods of constructing speech- es in written form. The student, will | be required to gather material, facts, etc. The students, together with the | instructor, will correct and criticize | | are attempting to get their stock| the speeches presented by the stu- heat while the plains are dotted | with starving cattle. Farmers there spent long, hard years converting those bare, windswept prairies into living places with irrigation, rail- | Surrender them. Here, as in Texas, | water is being hauled and stored in | barrels. sold. adds t6 the necessity of relief in the | cities by providing less employment |for that vast army of workers which, in the summer and fall, mi- | grated to the harvest and cotton fields. Workers are told not to go to. the fields unless they are sure in advance that they will have jol This will result in further discrim nation against the Negro workers, the majority of whom have made their living from the land, either as tenants or share-croppers, or as “hands” who worked by the day. As conditions become increasingly bad in the agrarian situation, the lynch spirit is whipped into action. Since | May, Texas has had two lynchings, these occurring in East Texas, the |stronghold of the landlords. The | white ruling class will try more than ever to divide the working class against itself by whipping up ra- cial prejudice, hoping to divert: the minds of the farmers ahd workers from their starvation. Second conflict, of new antagonisms and | war dangers. While the Versailles Treaty, satisfied an old desire of | French heavy industry by the return ; of Alsace-Lorraine to France, it inflicted new wounds on German finance capital by the separation of Upper Silesia and Danzig. The Ver- | sailles Treaty destroyed the rule of the League of Nations with the sub- jection of the colo#al world in the form of “mandates.” The League force of the victors for the main- tenance of the relations of power created by the Versailles Treaty, and the focal point of all counter- revolutionary forces against the Soviet Union. Numerous countries, directly relying on the Covenant of the League of Nations, their armaments and stressed the anti-Soviet aim of these armaments. Thus, for instance, it became |known from the secret naval | memorandum of Groener, the army | minister of the Soclal-Democratic Herman Muller government, that this government was actively speed- ing up the development of naval armaments in readiness for taking part in the application of sanctions | by the League of Nations in the | North Sea. Instead of the promised peace without annexations, there came |into being the plunder treaty of Versailles, which was in no way behind the plunder treaty of Ger- man imperialism concluded at Brest in 1917. The Versailles Tréaty re- duced the area of Germany by ome- | elght and its population by 6,000,000. Austria’ was divided into two and edness at. 132,000,000,000 gold marks. The whole post-war period confirm- ed Lenin's prediction ‘of 1920, ac- cording to which the Versailles Treaty put some 250,000,000 of hu- man beings, partly belonging to the most advanced countries, ‘into such conditions that they fell “into colo- nial dependence, misery, starva- tion, ruin and deprivation © of rights.” Four great monarchies were over- thrown by the first World War. In- stead of five republican states, Eu- rope found itself at the end of the war With 4 dozen, which proclaimed themselves as representatives of | democratic freedom. The treaty cre- ated 20,000 kilometres of new fron- tiers, and the number of customs areas was incerased from 26 to 35. The Versailles Treaty led to the ter- ritory of 5,4000,000 square kilo- |the Soviet Union being divided among 32 European states with a Population of 360,000,000, while the Soviet Unicn included 160,000,000 | within its frontiers. (To Be Continued) into New Mexico in the hope that | dents. grazing might be found there. But | New Mexico lies under a blanket of | | Toads, and homes. Now they must | In some cases it is being | | | | The general crop failure furthex | Standing of the economic basis of | | This German imperialism over the colo- | |nies, but it handed over these colo- |; | nies to other powers and entrusted | of Nations became an instrument of | increased | lost. three-fourths of its territory. | Even as late as 1932, the Repara- | tion Bank fixed Germany's indebt- | meters westward of the frontier of | The requirement for this course is the knowledge of English. |. The third new feature is “An In- | troductory Course to Political Econ- | |omy.” This course will serve as a| | preliminary to the systematic and |more advanced study of political |economy. There are many students | | who come to the school for only one | term. For various reasons they can- not continue their studies. The “In- troductory Course to Political Econ- Jomy” will give them the under- present-day capitalism. The course | will embrace the following topics: “Production of. Surplus Value |“Wages and Accumulation of Cap- | ital;” “Theory of Crises;” “Impe- | rialism;” “General crisis of Capi- |talism and the Soviet Economy.” | course is recommended to those who have not had ‘any pre- | vious study in political economy. | Another special feature of the term will be short-term courses, | consisting of a series of lectures on Special topics relating to the pres- |ent-day problems. These lectures | will be given by leading members jof the Party. Comrades Hathaway, Browder, Stachel, Bedacht and oth- | ers are to be among the lecturers. | Section Training Courses The school is also arranging spé= cial classes with special curriculi for members of several sections of the Party. Sect One, and Six are already wo! plans. The pl tions select in the pri x! ism. It is clear that for this class only those who need an elementary training to be selected. The other class to be for unit fynctionaries or other come rades who can be developed for unit and section leadership. The pro- gram will be based on the study of the Party tasks from the theoretical and practical standpoint A similar arrangement is being made between the Workers’ School and the International Workers’ | der. he School will establish special classes for members sent by the branches of the I. W. O. The curriculum will contain: the general Political education plus the study of problems connected with the I. W. O.—its history, structure, function, ete. . Educational Work In the Camps Reports from Camp Nitgedaiges and Unity indicate that the special coutses organized under the aus- pices of the Workers’ School’ have met with success. In addition to those who registered for the classes as regular students many of the campers come to the classes as lis- teners. The Scandinavian comrades are at present conducting a five weeks’ full-time training school. The Young Communist League in New Jersey organized two classes in the Principles of Communism, one in Jersey City. and the other in Bayonne. . Teachers’ Training Course We again remind the sections to select comrades for the Teachers’ raining Course. So far only in- dividual comrades applied. We want the sections to The Party needs.trained teachers and propa- gandists. act. a Six More Classrooms for the Fall Term The Workers’ School in New York expects.a.large increase in the num- ber of students in the coming fall term. The School, therefore, in- creased-its space by taking over the entire second floor, thus adding six spdtious classrooms, We..again ask the Workers’ Schools in. the: various cities to send information about their plans, ac- tivities, etc. We want to hear from Philadelphia, Milwaukee; Minneap- olis; Buffalo and other places re- garding the building of Workers’ Schools. Write to A. Markoff, N. Y. Workers’ School, 35 E. 12th St., New York, | At a recent meeting the Poli- tieal Prisoners Club decided to undertake a campaign for the | modification of City and State) parole rules which restrict the | rights of released political prison- ers. The rules threaten re-arrest | of paroled prisoners for such things as unemployment; association with | other political prisoners, who may | be members of the same unions| jor political organizations; par- | taking of alcoholic drinks or being on promises where such are sold or served. although this is now legal. Paroled prisoners are or- dered by officials to stay away | from demonstrations or picket lines | because a mere indiscriminate ar- | rest by a policeman even if it be proven that the parolee violated no law makes him delinquent, accord- | | ing to parole board rules, The Political Prisoners Club de- mands that the rules be modified | to allow parole prisoners to belong to any labor and politicial organi- | zation they desire; that union,|/ | strike, or political activity be not) considered a violation of parole; | | that no political prisoner be de-| | clared delinquent’ because of the il- | legal fascist methods used by the| police, and without trial and due | process of the law; and that unem- ployed parolees be included for the | purpose of work and relief in the same category with other unem-_| | ployed. without ‘discrimination or | threat of arrest. vs The Political Prisoners lub asks | | all labor and sympathetic sorgani- | zations to protest against the fol- | lowing oppressive acts by State of- ficials under the admitiistration of the “liberal” Governor ehman. 1, Warden Brophy of» Auburn | | Prison returned to--the-Interna- | tional’Publishers Co.,-a-1 mailed | to a prisoner there “talled “Land Without Unemployment," because “it contains passabes in a foreign | language.” Papers and books in ‘for- | eign languages are allowed in all State prisons, ahd thisw4s; there- | fore, an arbitrary, digeyiminatory | act “violating the constitutional | |tightis’ of the publishers and the! prisoner. eee 2. ‘Thomas Bunker,.No. 1674, | member of Marine and Harbor Workers Union of New York, is in Attica Prison. ‘Warden Hunt of prison tock it upon himself to iso- Jate Bunker, cut him off and de- prive him of the right of communi- cation with anyone outside except | two personal correspondents. Tom Bunker is not even allowed to re-| ceive from or send “mail to his union or any.methbers of it. Let- | ters accompanying money orders |from the International Labor De- Political Prisoners’ | prisons. Club Preuas Oppressive Acts By State Officials more severe than against ordinary criminals. There is no law, no rule which permits the warden to with- hold mail from a prisoner, mail that is legally and rightfully sent. We must recognize this as an act of . brutality, .a.. fascist, sadistic heaping. of. misery upon misery. Protest loudly against these auto- crats who torture the most mili tant and best fighters of the work- ing class! Demand that a stop be put to the abuse, brutality, and torture of political prisoners, Protests ‘should be» sent to War- den Brophy; 135 State St., Auburn, N.Y. inthe case of the book from the International Publishers; to Warden Hunt, Box 248, Attica, N.Y. against’ the- treatment of Thomas Bunker. Protests should also be sent to Commissioner of Correction, Walter H. Thayer, Jr, Executive Building, Albany, N. ¥., and to Governor Herbert H, Leh- man, Albany, N. Y., whose ap- pointees all these officials are. Mail copies to Political Prisoners Club, 156 Fifth Ave, Room 534, ‘The Politicial Prisoners club, backed by the International Labor Defense and the National Commit- tee for Defense of Politicial. Pris- oners, fights for the rights of poli- tieal prisoners. The club demands unlimited opportunity for prisoners to receive literature, mail and visits, Against third degree meth- ods and police: brutality. Abolition of corporal punishment in prisons. Improvement of food and permis- sion to receive extra food packages from thé outside. Opportunity for political “prisoners to study ‘and maintain social relations inside the For the removal of op- pressive parole rules. For the libe eration of all political prisoners. Ex-political prisoners, and others desiring ‘information, are asked to communicate with the Political Prisoners Club, 156 Fifth Avenue, Room 534, A Red Builder on every busy street corner in the country means a tremendous step toward the dictatorship of the proletariat! Amusements TADIUM CONCERTS———— Lewisohn Stadium, Amst.Ave.&138 St. PHILHARMONIC-SYMPHONY * Symphonic Prozrams Sunday through Thursday Nights, 8:30 Conducted by VAN HOOGSTRATEN Opera Performances with Star Casts. Friday ‘and Saturday Nights it 8:30 fense are not delivered. The re- ‘Conducted by he strictions against Bunker are far |}_prices: 25c-50c-$1.00(BRadhurst 2-2626). MOSCOW—Prof. Otto Schmidt greeted by thousands and celebration AMKINO Presents — First American Showing! in honor of, Chelyuskin heroes TULA—Native land of the samovar “SOVIET CLOSE-UPS” Intimate’ Study of the Different Parts of the U.S.8.R. . (English Ti KIEV—The new capitol of the Ukraine 5 ay ACME Thea., 14th St. and Union Sq. in remote villages, stc., ete.