The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 12, 1934, Page 4

Page Four New York City Dear Editor: ZT shotld like to call the comrade’s attention to an item in the Daily Worker of Wednesd Page 3, under the Attack Briggs, etc. The articles sa that on First Avenue beset Briggs’ wife because an insult. Two things are to be corre The caption rea then the story goes cart peddlers. T happen to shop on Fi every single day, just like hundreds of other proletarians looking for penny bargains. times I’ve been “thugs” when I’ve the best piece of g At first I used to “burn up @s a class-conscious worker, be; to see the “thugs” point of vi All day in the broil hundreds of women gaining and testing I began to talk to them and fi out that most of them fied with condi S a know when a Red dem going on, and I've hea: she t Avenue them ex- claim (the recent N.Y.D.) “Boy did you see that? Some demonstration! I don’t doubt that Comrade Briggs got the same treatment I used to get and still do from these peddlers. I think it incorrect, however, from a Marxian point of view to make issue of it, because the com- rade happens to be a Negro, or a leading comrade. Instead of argu- ing with peddlers or coming to blows with him, the comrades should have walked on and bought elsewhere as is done by all shoppers—since it is useless to argue with them. The incident was most likely a Personal argument which is bound + to occur in this section rather than @ chauvinistic attack on the part of the peddler. | My explanation may be wrong, but I don’t think the Negro com- tade, by defending his wife with fists, did the Marxian thing to erase this chauvinism. Comrades more politically cap- | able, should, I think, give more at- | tention to such items and not mere- | ly dismiss it by captioning back- ward workers as “thugs.” Comradely yours, A FIRST AVENUE SHOPPER. Editor's Note: Vhe comrade’s corrections are incorrect. The argument that it was incorrect for the Daily Worker to make an issue of the incident because the victim happens to be a Negro is wrong, and precisely from the Marxian point of view invoked by the writer of the letter, The assumption that the case involves only “the same treatment I used to get and still do from these peddlers,’ and “was most likely a personal argument,” Tt Is in ‘Small Incidents” Poison Is Often Revealed and Must Be Fought An Incorrect Analysis of White Chauvinist Attack | Where Chauvinist shows a fundamental lack of understanding of the Negro ques- tion and the methods used by the white ruling classes to maintain their brutal oppression and plun- dering of the Negro masses. False theories of white superiority, race hatred and prejudice are system- atically and persistently implant- ed among the white population by the capitalists. The aim and the result of the fostering of these false and chauvinist theories are to incite intolerance and vio- lence against Negroes and to split the working class and its struggles for better conditions. Even had the incident under discussion been as trivial as the correspondent erroneously be- | eves, it would still carry the im- | plication of white chauvinism | where a Negro is the victim. Even a “personal argument” will de- velop into chauvinist abuse and attack where a Negro is con- fronted by a white person whose mind is poisoned by this vicious propaganda. The report of the incident car- ried by the Daily Worker was necessarily brief, and omitted | details. But it did state clearly that Comrade Briggs was at- | tacked “as he went to the defense | of his wife attacked by one of the peddlers when she resented an | insult.” | Juanita Briggs quite correctly | resented the man’s familiarity in | putting his arm around her. True, | white women, too, are subjected to such insults, but they are aimed much more frequently at Negro women. And where Negro women are subjected to such an “approach” by a white man, it is | indubitably on the chauvinist as- sumption that a Negro woman should welcome the attentions of a “superior” white man. Such an | attitude reeks with the stench of the slave market, under which Negro women were habitually pol- luted by the white master class and its hangers-on. The term “thugs” w2s used in a specific instance, not as a gen- eral characterization of all ped- dlers, The article reported, in ad- dition to the attack on Comrade Briggs and his wife, another at- tack on a Negro couple on the same day, when the man resented an insulting remark to his wife. The viewpoint expressed in the letter is inimical to the working class, and the anonymous com- | rade should szek to correct that viewpoint, whcih already borders on a toler2nt attitude tward those who attack and persecute Negroes | and is thus an expression of white | chauvinism. It is an example of | how confusion on the Negro | question can lead to hesitation in | going to the defense of Negroes | who are attacked, and to even | chauvinist justification, if not | actual participation, in such at- tacks. When Is a Review Not a Review? | In the New York Herald-Tribune | appeared, several Sundays ago, a| book review of Grace Hutchins’ “Women Who Work.” This review | was the sort of thing (common to bourgeois-bought criticism of pro- socialist writing) which, as kids, we used correctly to characterize as “nasty nice.” Its pretense at cool| impartiality has a decided’; emetic efiect. We resent it so thoroughly that / even though we had to permit much time to el2pse since its appearance, due to the pressure here of urgent organiza‘ional and timely material —wWe deal with it now nevertheless. A wretched crumb of praise was flung to a thorough and splendid book at the conclusion of the re- view: “These are the things (de- scription of organization by the T. U. U. L. of women, etc—H. L.) in| “Women Who Work’ that make it an interes.ing and valuable book.” | ‘That can scarcely repair the dam- age done by several paragraphs such as these which began the review: “It is rather a pity that a job like Grace Hutchins’s “Women Who Work” defeats itself through man- ner of presentation. The facts which she has assembled are sig- nificant and important in portray- ing a phase of American labor that is sorely in need of change. Stand- | ing alone they tell their story with clarity amounting to brutality; in- terpreted through her eyes and ex-| pressed in a highly emotional,| highly biased language, their bone | structure often becomes soft. No-/ body denies her the right to be-| come a Communist, but Commu-} nism, to succeed in drawing sup- | porters, requires a saner method) of approach and a greater con- sistency of attack than she shows.) “To blame capitalism, bankers, | and the steel irust for all the ills of women in American industry and agriculture may be a good idea in| making a speech before a group of | people who think in the same| terms, but placed between the cov- | ers of a book for general consump- tion it seems a bit far fetched. When she writes that a ‘steady in- | ese in the use of young girls and on in indusiry is one of the irked tendencies of capitalism’ and then proceeds to show that in Rus- sia, today, 64.5 per cent of all work- ers in light industry are women, on2 gets slightly impatient; when | she says that ‘others have seen for | themselves what labor the farm women in the United States is forced to perform under the con- ditions dictated by American bank- ers’ and then, in the chap‘er on! the U. S. S. R, seriously quotes! Ionia thet ‘every cook must learn to. run the government’ one is in- ciined to smile. (Further comment on this “re- view” tomorrow.) Can Nos Make ’Em Yourself? Pattern 1920 is available in sizes 12, 14, 16 18, 20, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40. Size 16 takes 3% yards 36-| inch fabric and 5, yard contrasting. | Illustrated step: tep sewing in-| structions included. | LY WORKER. W YORK, THURSDAY, JULY 12, 1934 “Subsistence Farm” Tenants Will Have To Ask Permission to Leave for Town Lands Militancy Of Negro Workers | In Selma Strik By a Worker Correspondent SELMA, Ala—About 100 Negro workers drafted from the relief rolls struck against the $1-a-day system: per hour, 10-hour day, and 5% y week, mat | tion was ordained by the state and county and aimed at Negro workers primarily There is no justification for these | Negroes and white workers to be cheaply robbed by the selfish rich | and their capitalistic state, merely | because they are poor and destitute. | The Negroes are well aware when | they fail to get a fair break. When the Negroes do not fight back on every occasion, this is no proof that they do not know when they are wronged, And Forced Labor In Alhambra, Cal. By a Worker Correspondent ALHAMBRA, Cal. — In the last week of April there was a com- munity garden ovened in Alhambra. There were the foreman and two or three other paid officials. They fave us a line of bull about being “one big happy family,” also that we were shock troovers and were to_be worked in squads. I was sent across the garden to} dig an irrigation ditch alone. When | this job played out, I had to be| sent to work with two fellows plow- | ing beans, I was to take a rake and uncover any beans that got covered up. I walked very close to the plow- | men and listened to their talk of the good times they had when | times were good. When each had finished, I said, “Now fellows, let’s talk about our conditions now and face the future.” At this point the straw boss blew un and told me to go see the foreman. They talked to one side, then told me I would have to work across the railroad alone. I refused to be segregated so the foreman (Earl Davis) told me to go home. I went. Then all of the fellows said I would be cut off the county, but I wasn't. Two weeks later I got a card to come to the welfare of- fice—they wanted to know if my wife could work. I said we had two babies. and then I was sent to see Mr. Wormsly. He inquired what was wrong with Mr. Davis and me. I tcld him I refused to be segre- gated and furthermore I felt that my race had paid for this country working as slaves for over 250 years and still were being exploited and denied the right to live, and I felt if the country gave me $10 per day, they would still owe me some- thing. He ended the creiversation by ing I could get a clothes order and also could go to the clinic for an examination while I wasn’t working, White and Negro workers, rebel against this forced labor! Don't be forced into slavery! Farmers’ Emergency Relief Bill Acts As Spur to Organization By a Farmer Correspondent GASPORT, N. Y.—Without aues- tion the Farmers Emergency Relief Bill is making farmers move a bit in the spirit of section 7 of the bill. Some farmers say that it will be better to change section 7 so that both parties will have some losses. (It will hit the “poor bankers” hard.) Scme of the farmers are sending for copies of the Frazier-Lem Bill and they will compare it with the F. E.R. B. Some said that some farmers owe for groceries from $200 to $300, and that they got groceries when they were in need. But this is throwing sticks under the feet. Chain stores never give any trust to anybody. This hell-made institu- | | This kind of argument comes from }an enemy of the bill. The inde- | pendent groceries are too poor to give any trust like that, and-no farmer can get much trust now- adeys, because the N. R. A. did not bring prosperity and confidence to the poor farmers and city workers, | and hangs itssIf to the rove instead. Farmers will follow the bill if there is plenty of time spent to work in the movement. Farmers want to see what is offered to them and how they can improve their condi- tion. I propose for every county that one professional organizer be sent to take care of his or her county, to organize the town’s community or section, who will also work in the Agricultural and Cannery Work- ers Union. This kind of organizer will spend all of his time in the movement and travel from town to town. Sale of the Farmers Na- tional Weekly and other Leegue literature will go easy. Send FIFTEEN CENTS coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this Anne Adams pattern. Write (5c) in plainly name, address and style) number. BE SURE TO STATE! SIZE. | Address orders to Daily Worker Pattern Department, 243 West 17th | St., New York City, Build a Daily Worker Route Unemployed? Sell the “Daily” | Government Destroys Farmers’ Crops, Whiel It| Plans to Level Him Into Serfdom By a Farmer Correspondent HECLA, S. D.—Our capitalist gov- ernment has been called a monster with its headquarters in New York City and its hindquarters in Wash- j ington. Its practices in the cattle- purchasing and destruction in the drought areas are convincing people of the truth of that statement. | A few days ago 21 carloads of government-purchased cattle were shipped from this town and similar | Shipments are, I suppose, being made from most of the other towns of the state. The highest price paid is $20 per head. Of course that. Many are mortgaged. As I could spend only a few minutes at the stock yards most of my information is second hand, but I believe it is accurate. About 200 head were condemned as unfit to ship. Most of the con- demned cattle would make excellent human food or at least they could have been fed to hogs. But no, they must be killed and buried. It is said one farmer who happened to have plenty of feed offered to take | home some really fine calves, but he was not allowed to do this even if he would pay for them. The hides must be buried with the carcasses, if the former owner or his hired man was not there to skin them. The hired man must have been with his present em- ployer at least a year. It is said many of the cattle shipped will probably be destroyed when they reach their destination instead of being prepared for food. The pack- ers want as little competition for their products as possible, and Uncle Sam is very accommodating. A world war veteran who visited the place where the condemned cattle were slaughtered said it re- minded him painfully of scenes at the front during the war when a shell had burst in a group of men or horses. A lot of people are pretty much worked up over this waste of good food. Especially is this true of workers in town to whom meat is a luxury. Reports from other towns indicate that feeling against the government’s agents in this Letters from | THRILLING NEWS New York City. Dear Comrades: Of all the thrilling news these days, the neazest and most interest- ing to me is to watch the daily figures of the “Daily Worker” grow- ing steadily. Therefore, every one of us should seriously think of a plan, a way to tackle this job. So far as I know, in most units, the usual way is to buy or get on credit, from 5 to 15 papers and get rid of them, by selling a few and donating the rest to the first pezson that may care to accept it. What we need above all is to have an idea about who are the people in our neighborhood who might, when they know our struggles and our paper, buy it. To do this we have to reach as many persons as Possible. This we could very easily accomplish by distributing every week a cheap pamphlet on a general problem—like the Workers Unem- ployment Insurance Bill, or some- thing of the sort. With the pamphlet we could give a leaflet about the “Daily Worker,” how easy it is obtained, through us, or on a newsstand, etc. A unit could order for example, a thousand of these pamphlets and leaflets at such a price that instead of reach- ing five or 15 workers, every com- rade would get in contact with 25 or 50, giving these revolutionary messages away and having the op- portunity of placing our paper in better hands, also laying a solid ground for its distribution. To these Prospects we could offer the paver on credit for a certain time, having the confidence that he is interested. Lastly I think that it won’t be a bad idea that the “Daily Worker” print leafiets and self addressed cards to be distributed to these Prospects and other people. This way we could know about the ad- dresses of many workers interested in ouz paper, would visit them and take their subscription. The units would pay for this advertisement material. Comradely, M. C. coool toes 5 BIRTHDAY PRESENT TO “DAILY” On Board. R. M. S. “Majestic”. Derr Comrades: We are a group of comred-~ traveling to the Soviet Union, some to settle there, some only to visit. It happens that today is the birth- day of one among us, and we felt that no more anpropriate Way could be found to celebrate than by mak- ing a collection for the Daily Worker. Enclosed please find a check for $20 and accent our heartiest wishes and greetings. Long liye the Daily Worker, Comradely yours, A Group of Phila., New York and Vircinia Comrades. FOR UNITY OF NEGRO AND WHITE New York City. Dear Editor: A few weeks ago several Negro members of the cast of “Stevedore” went to have supper at the Beatrice Inn at West 12th St. They were refused service and were forced to eat elsewhere. This incident was brought to the attention of Unit 2, Section 3, Communist Party, and they immediately gathered their forces to protest against this dis- crimination. | Last Saturday, June 30th, the comrades packed the restaurant and awaited the arrival of Peters, one of the members previously discrim- inated against. He arrived and sat many are appraised at far less than} I think that this is very backward. | criminal waste is near the boiling point. | Another | “relief” measure is a| plan to move 5,000 farmers from the wes‘ern part of South Dakota/ to the eastern part. State and fed- | eral governments will work together | in this. The farmers are to be moved to farms on which the state | rural credits department has fore-| closed. As most of these farms are | now occupied by tenants they are| to be divided into smaller farms.| This is mainly a scheme of big ranchers such as Governor Tom} Berry to get more range for their stock. In the old days the new- comers were met with gun and rope, but they could not stop this tide of immigrants. Now they are | resorting to the more refined meth- | ods of using the Wall Street gov- ernment to aid them. Most of the farmers and small ranchers are here because they “busted up” farming further East and came West to get a new start. They have no desire to go back East. This removal is supposed to be| voluntary, but as the big ranchers | are in “cahoots” with the bankers, | if a man does not want to move he} | can usually be put in a “squeeze” and forced to do so. The land is} | supposed to be paid for, but as most farms are mortgaged you can see | who will benefit mainly from this. It is also planned to put many busted farmers on “subsistence” farms. These will be little tracts of land all under the control of one boss farmer, probably some boy just out of agricultural col- lege. These farmers will raise beans and other vegetables. They will have to go to the head farmer to get permission to go to town. Such is “relief” out here in the wide open spaces! We must demand the enactment of the Farmers’ Emergency Relief Bill drawn up by the Communist Party and introduced in Congress as H. R, 9976. It will bring some real relief to the farmers and to workers dependent on the farmers for a living. E. M. PFUTZENREUTER (You may use my signature). Our Readers jdown to be served. The waiter was about to take his order when |the manager made his appearance and said he would not be served. ‘We all staged a protest and asked why he shouldn’t be. The manager said that his waiters “refused” to serve him. When we questioned the waiters they were at a loss as how to act. We then demanded that he order his waiter to serve Peters. By this time he was cer- tainly scared and he did as we wished, Peters was invited to sit at an- other couple’s table, as their guest, which he did, and he was given the service and respect due to each and every human being. This is just one of the many in- stances of Negro discrimination in this fair city of New York, where this sort of thing is supposed not to exist. White workers! Join hands with your Negro comrades to stamp out this vile thing. MARIE STUART, (Signature Authorized). gy ouhs he * SUGGESTS THAT CALDWELL “COVER” WORLD FAIR Chicago, Ill. Dear Comrades: I would like to suggest that it would be appropriate at this time to have one of your feature writers, such as Erskine Caldwell write an article on the “World Fair” in Chi- cago. I-am employed in the Fair and can give you much infcrmation of interest as to happenings there. Employees here are exvloited to the utmost, with their earnings cut by grafters on every side. Comradely yours, - J.D. * SUGGESTION ON FORM OF ARTICLES (PLACEMENT) New York City * Dear Editor: Since there is difficulty in avoid- ing too many stories which are continued on another page, I should like to suggest that they should be confined to the left hand side of page 2 and the right hand side of page 3. This would make it possible to read the paper in a crowded subway train since then one would -have to open the paper only one-half page in width. I think that cartoons on the rear and on the second page should not be placed exactly in the mid- die, since I, as well as others, save them for hanging and when they are folded several times after read- ing. they are spoiled. The format of the front page should never be like that of the N. Y. Times, i.e., without a spread headline, because this makes the paper look very dead. This is ong of the worst faults of the Young Worker as far as looks go. Comradely, G. CHAIKIN. Puget nha) Editorial Note: Technical and political reasons make it practi- cally impossible to have a format most comfortable for the reader, nevertheless some of the sugges- tions are being taken under ad- visement. oe ee, THE PIONEERS SPEAK UP Camp Wo-Chi-Ca, Wingdale, N. Y. Dear Comrade Hathaway: As editor of the Daily Worker you are no doubt interested in the growth of the Young Pioneers of America. I am at present a camper at Camp Wo-Chi-Ca. In our camp, every tent gets the Daily Worker every day and the Pioneers always Icok forward to a free poriod so that. they may read it. When you reach our little Soviet. you can see a sign. It “Welcome to Election Result | In One District Of Minnesota By a Worker Correspondent THIEF RIVER FALLS, Minn.— The battle of the primary election is now over, and the smoke has set- tled for a while. The Farmer-Labor Party went over strong here in Minnesota, which was no surprise to most people of our state, as their platform sounds very good in. words but not all the people can be fooled all the time. The following is the outcome of the votes cast at our primary elec- tion, June 18, 65th Legislative Dis- trict, Minnesota: Three Farmer-Labor candidates together, 11,425 votes. One Republican, 2,436 votes. One Communist, 1,302 votes. This was a surprise to most peo- ple, that our Communist candidate got so many votes, considering the way the Communists have been misrepresented through our leading newspapers which control public opinion in our state. Personally, I think that those 1,302 Communists, spread out over our Legislative Dis- trict, as the leaders and most in- telligent citizen?swill carry on the program until the battle is won. I am a workingman myself and have an opportunity to talk with other workers. They all seem to be dis- satisfied with conditions existing and they all seem to think the only way out of this crisis will be the revolutionary way out, but they seem to be afraid of something, afraid they will lose their jobs. They don’t seem to realize that if they organize and stick, the other fellow will get scared. Here is my advice to you, work- ers and farmers: Don’t. wait for your neighbor to join and ask you to follow; join first yourself and tell your neighbors to do the same, This is your battle. You only work for yourself. DON’T LET THIS PAPER DIE By a Worker Correspondent GREENSVILLE, Miss.—I am writing a few lines about my reading of the Daily Worker. Thank you for bringing to us, people in Mississippi, the news- paper that will bring us poor people to the light. Because the boss sure is trying to bring us workers into deep slavery. Don't let this paper die. Keep it coming, so all the workers can get one and read it for them- seives, a! Camp Wo-Chi-Ca, Worker’s Chil- dren's Camp.” When you march up Marx Road, to the left of the road is Lenin Hall. I must noi forget to tell you that all our roads, halls and tents are named after revolu- tionary leaders. When we arrived at the camp we had a warm supper waiting for us, and after supper we were assigned to our leaders and tents. I am in a tent named after the leader of the Trade Union Unity League, William Z. Foster, who ran for President in 1932. The boys are in Stalintown and the girls in Engleville. I must now close my letter, but comrades, if we fight together, we will accomplish so much that the United States will become a Soviet America. Comradely, HAROLD YOUNG. (11 years old). Pop a: 3 Camp Wo-Chi-Ca., Wingdale, N. Y. Dear Comrade Hathaway: We, the pionecrs of Camp Wo- Chi-Ca, greet you warmly for the fine work you do as editor of the Daily Wor We receive the Daily Worker every day. The pioneers all look forward to their free periods when they can read and discuss the paper. Dear comrade, we would appre- ciate more publicity in the Daily Worker. We have very fine dis- cipline. All our tents are named after revoluionary leaders as well as our roads. Our food is very good. The scenery of our camp is very beautiful. We have a sports field but we have not enough equip- ment. Yesterday, Gil Green of the Y. C. L. spoke of the difference of advantages in a Soviet and boss- owned country. Therefore when Pioneers come home, we pledge to fight for more playgrounds and free milk and clothing for the children. Comradely yours, LOUIS JAVITZ. (11% years old). P. S—Heln us to collect money to send more children of the un- employed parents to camp. Every dollar that is given means a dev in camp for some city child—$13 for two weeks. includinz fare. Send money to 35 E. 1°th St, Room 509. eo ARTICLE IN “NEW MASSES” WENT OVER BIG Chisholm, Minn. Dear Comrades: In the May 22nd issue of the New Masses there was a wonderful ex- posure of the “Secret or Unity Units” in Hibbing, Minn., by John Spivak. Because this form of “labor organization” has somewhat spread in the other range towns I think it would be good if a story of this kind could be published in a more read and distributed’ newspaper, the Daily Worker. Such a swell article on Hibbing and only a few issues of the New Masses coming in these parts hasn’t the benefit it could have had. The local newsstand dealer was persuaded and he ordered 200 copies of the New Masses. He was selling them like hot cakes, but Mayor Timmerman either terrorized him or bought every copy so that many issues eren’t out. The comrades in Hibying weuld have ordered and sold many covies if they knew such | etticles appear, K. H. Drought Kills Spring Grain, ‘and Corn Can’t Stand It Long Hay Crop Also Gone, By a Farmer Correspondent | LYNCH, Neb.—Farm land around ere is not paying expenses, and has not for five years. Either there is no crop or the prices have been so poor that a farmer could not pay his operating expenses, to say nothing about his work. Many con- tracted acres to the government are idle and a lot of land is around that no resident could rent. There will be a lot more idle land next year. We only have two horses, when the whole country over is needing five. Farmers cannot buy power machinery, as the crop will not pay operating and interest on the investmant. The N. R. A. has raised machinery prices but has done nothing for the farmer so that he could buy it. Old Sick Negro Woman Victim of Relief Head’s Forced Labor Tactics By a Worker Correspondent NOTOSOLGA, Ala.—I hate to write you all so much about this sinful South but we Negroes have such a hard time down here that I have to write a little about it, for on these government jobs and re- lief they help some and some they ‘won't. I know a Negro woman, she is 60 years old, and a white man asked her to wash for his wife. The Negro woman was sick and she did not wash for them, and when she went back to get her food at the relief building they told her, “we heard you won't work,” and wouldn't give her anything. Thanks be to God that we have found a true friend, all over the world, in the I. L. D. workers, and I can’t thank you all enough for what you have done for us. No, I don’t get the Daily Worker, as only some members of the branches send me some of theirs, but I would like to get it if I could. I don’t get any newspapers at all, for it is all I can do to keep a little food for’ the children and myself. NOTE We publish letters from farm- ers, agricultural workers, forestry and lumber workers, and cannery workers every Thursday. These workers are uzged to send us let- ters cbout their conditions of work, and their struggles to or- ganize. Please get these letters to us by Monday of each week. | must feed them. Yes, I have Farmer Writes from Nebraska; Good-Sized Creeks Drying Up ... We have one of the worst droughts in years here. Our spring grain is ail gone now and corn will not stand it lonz. With the temperature reading frov 100 to 104 degrees, within the last few | days good sized creeks are dry. Large rivers show signs of the dry weather. The hay crop is gone. No one knows whether they will be able to winter the stock or not. The only thing that peopie hava in sight is that the governr Passing the Daily Worker around. People read it. Some think it a great paper. Some don’t, but it is generally the case that some people don’t try to do anything for the--- selves till it is too late. Demonstrations Win Increased Relief in Bemidji By a Worker Correspondent BEMIDJI, Minn.—Last Saturday morning we held a demonstration in front of the relief office, demanding an increase in the relief orders and also clothing orders. We had a good demonstration, and most of the needy ones got their orders in= creased, although the relief ad- ministrator, Mr. Finnelson, was out ot town as usual when a demon- stration is called. We workers and farmers decided to have another demonstration the next Tuesday for the demand of clothing orders. This demonstration was called by the United Farmers League of Bel- trami County. Tuesday we held the demonstra- tion with another large attendance. It took two policemen to get the relief agent out of his cubby hole. He could not talk to the committee in his own office, so they had to go to the police station to talk with the committee. The decision the committee re- ported was that a committee of each working organization shall meet with the County Relief Board on Friday, July 6, at 2 o'clock, at the Court House. At the same time the workers won partial increases in relief and some also got clothing orders through the two demonstra- tions. Through the committee's going alone we did not win one demend so far, according to the last re- port given me by one of the com- mittee men. This azain shows thet only through actual struzgie ave the workers getting somewhere. The workers have to struzgle and fight for their measly relic’. On the fourth of July there was quite a lot of money spent to celebrcte the victory our forefathers fourht for. It was suppesed to be for liberty, free sneech and assemblage. But while the Salvation Army and other religious sects can block the street Saturday evenings, the wo ers are not allowed to hold meetin-s on the streets. Whenever they do, the police interfere with it. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS The Telephone As a Source of Infection M. I, Brooklyn.—Theoretically, the telephone might be an agent in the transmission of certain diseases, such as, ordinary colds, La Grippe and typhoid fever; but practically it is hard to demonstrate that such infections have actually been trans- mitted by using a public ‘phone. It is preity well established now that most diseases are contracted by direct contact between the sick and the well person. This is why all modern Health Departments have given up the process of fumi- gation, following infectious and contagious diseases, which was so prevalent a quarter of a century ago. It has been found that bac- teria die very quickly when depos- ited on surfaces such as the trans- mitter or receiver of the telephone. On the other hand, it is conceivable that a person suffering of pulmon- ary tuberculosis, for instance, could cough directly in‘o the transmitter and deposit therein infected drop- lets of sputum. If the next tele- phone user follows him within a few minutes and puts his mouth right into the instrument, he is liable to get some of the infected material on his lips. If he also hap- pens to be susceptible to the dis- ease (owing to lowered resistance, etc.) such an individual might. con- tract T.B in this manner. The same would hold true of typhoid and syphilis. Although such conditions are rare, it is, nevertheless, possible for the telephone to transmit infection. For this reason, it is best never to By PAUL LUTTINGER, M.D, — touch the instrument with one’s lips - or ear or to wipe it with a damp cloth before using it. In some of the European cities, such as London, a staff of cleaners are employed to disinfect the mouthpieces and ear Plates every three days. But there is no device to protect the public in-between. Here is an opportunity for an inventor to discover a method of automatic self-disinfec- tion for the telephone. Until this is done, there is very little chance to prevent infection through the public telephone, which is usually located in the darkest and least ventilated part of the premises. The resolution of Alderman Kins ley directing the Health Depart- ment to investigate methods of making the phones sanitary, which was recently adopted by the Board. of Aldermen, is a piece of demagogy designed to make the public think that our ci'y “fathers” are solici- tous about cur health. It is an- other opportunity for graft and patronage in the buying of disin- fectants, appointments of a corps of inspectors, ete. for which our city adminis‘rations have long been. infamous. ape: Rear Trachoma As An Occupational Disease D. B., Madison Square Garden: Trachoma is now considered as an occupational discese among wres- tlers. It is transmitted from one wrestler to another by the close contact of their bodies, which en- ables their perspiration and tears to reach the eyes. Owing to the large number of college men who haye gone into the “sport” of wrestling professionally, the disease has spread. considerably in recent years. HISTORY Money ref condition. SCIENCE and FOR GIRLS and BOYS I claim that this is the first book of its kind for the youth of the world and that it is the only book which meets their greatest cultural needs in this revolutionary century.—W.M.B. * * . A $1.50 book for 25 cents, fivé copies for $1.00, stamps or coin; paper bound, 320 pp., 27 chap. * * * book is not wanted and is returned in. good The Bradford-Brown Educational Co., Galion, O. By William Montgomery Brown unded if after examination the