The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 31, 1934, Page 4

Page Four Salvation Army Grows | Rich on Misery Makes Money Out of Forced Labor, While City Pays Cost view of ens were to’ is a raise mably he unem- homeless condition drive of the an addit ng houses conducted the Salvation Army and the public he fact that such is unaware of paid for by the even the coffee and ibuted by the S. A. are being charged to the City, I hereby request you to print the fol- lowing statement, which was pre pared after a carefull inv I tite from the Colliers’ Eni pedia the following extract: “Salva- ization formed f an Army, evan- gelizing the ma: in large cities. In 1919 in the United States there were 1,000 corps and outposts, 3,000 officers and cadets, 75 hotels, 92 in- | dustrial homes, 11 slum posts and nurseries, 25 rescue homes and ma- ternity hospita on the What is the actual situation?; The homeless sheltered in the ta exempt homes of the S. A. are} paid by the Department of Public Welfare. The homeless provide the | Jabor for the operation of indus- tries of the S. A. and only those working full time in factories (they call it Industrial Homes) are paid at-the high rate of $1 a week, whereas the administrative staff, | consisting of uniformed offic live in great comfort, draw substantial Salaries with complete maintain- anee, including mileage expenses on their luxurious cars. Workers are put in jail for beg- ging a piece of bread, when the Jassies are invading private and public places with brass band and under police protection, to demand millions. Clothing donated ing sold by S. A. Food donated is used in the officers’ mess. Furnitures donated rebuilt by forced labor and sold to the public. For the many millions they grab we could take care of all the un- employed, end with more considera- tion. Furriers in Los Angeles Organizing Retail Trade LOS ANGELES.—The Furriers’ Section of the Needle Trade Work- ers’ Industrial Union has set itself the task of organizing the retail furriers’ trade. The demand for or- ganization comes from organiza- tion-conscious workers within the trade. Meanwhile the organized furriers <7 of Poor Has Good Receiving | System, But Gives Out Nothing | By a Worker Correspondent | NEW YORK.—I have been a member and a soldier of the Salva- tion Army for 25 years, a good pay- | ng member, and when they sent their officers to Bangor, Me., I was one of the first to take the poor of- ficers some food and coal. But now what did I get from them when I} wanted them to give me some work in some of their institutes? They could not find work for me. | I know another brother about/ my age in Brooklyn, that they turned down too Two Christmases ago I worked for | them on the street, collecting | money, and they didn’t give me | enough for a Christmas dinner. | They gave others dinner but not} me. I had often heard some hard | things about them from other men, | which I never believed until now. My trade is cooking and we all} know that they could employ me in} some of their institutions. | I was sick for two weeks from a severe cold that I got in that Gold Dust Building. | The officers and captains of corps, | they have automobiles that cost $1,600. How do they get the money? | I have collected money for them | on the streets of Boston and New York. I have put into my self- denial envelope many times five and | ten dollars. But what did I receive | from them when I asked for work? Nothing at all. And Miss Evangeline Booth comes here to America once every year and gobbles up all the money she can get and goes back to England with it. They are worth five mil- lions of dollars. In that Gold Dust Building we got mouldy bread and the so-called coffee—you could see the bottom of the cup. And I slept on a steel bed with no mattress under me for six nights. i I went to the Summit St. corps and the captain gave me a letter to go to the Gold Dust Building and there I got washed. The first thing we had to do was strip naked as when we came into this world, and walk up three big fights of stairs and over those big floors. I told the | man that I was hungry but he said supper was over for now. The next morning we had to march back again over the three big floors and Stairs, again naked, and I was a sick man. are working on new agreements to be presented to the wholesale man- ufacturers to replace existing agree- ments. The new agreement as yet tentative, calls for a substantial in- crease in wages and improvement of working conditions. HOMEWORK—FOR KIDS FROM NINE TO NINETY A useful letter from Comrade Fred N., who gives directives for making the type of decorations he used so effectivey at the recent N. Y. Fes- tival and Bazaar: Dear Comrade: I would like to give publicity to methods of constructing decorations for halls and meeting places in the revolutionary movement. The type of decoration I refer to you may have seen at affairs of the F. 8. U.; they consist of banners, Streamers, and pennants of red crepe paper with plain cut-out Roman let- ters of white shelving paper pasted on. Both materials can be obtained WORKERS -:- at small cost as the “five-and-ten” earries five-cent rolls of crepe ten feet long, and white shelving paper ten cents per roll of 36 feet. This work might interest women comrades, who could secure help from their friends, shopmates and sympathizers. For those who care to give a little splash of color to a drab hall or dress up a red corner or red library, etc., these forms of decor suit the purpose, and can be produced in sizes using six-inch or thirteen-inch letters, for mass af- fairs, socials, house parties, etc. In making the white letters, when patterns of light cardboard are first Jaid out and cut the rest is mechan- ical — pencil tracing around the cardboard. When cutting out the letters it is well to cut at least six at a time, to save work and have a future supply at hand. For large affairs slogans can be spelled out by hanging on a strong wire or cord from balcony to balcony a series of pennants bearing one letter each (Fig. 2). These pen- nants, with a 3-4 inch margin folded over, will stay with paper clips. Slogans placed behind speakers’ table or stand should be two feet above the head of the speaker. If & well-raised stage is there, mount Slogans or name of organization along footlight moulding: pin main slogan on backdrop curtain, and a slogan from left to right on outer: Wings near ceiling. Stand back in middle of hall to see if slogans are Placed correctly. Large pennants eight feet long and 20 inches wide, (fig. 3) may be made by cutting paper diagonally and applying initials or name of organization, and hung in six or more places according to size of hall. ‘Long streamers (fig. 3) may be made by applying the 13-inch let- ters on the red crepe strips; such the Ho number. SIZE. along the top. When pasting the white letters, use paste sparingly to avoid red color of crepe soaking through the white paper. (The waterproof “rubber cement” used by commercial artists could be em- ployed.—H. L.) Red flags of crepe paper, either singly or in groups (fig. 4) are also effective. Fraternally. FRED N. Can You Make ’Em Yourself? Pattern 1697 is available in sizes 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20. Size 16 takes 314 yards 36 inch fabric. Tilustrated step-by-step sewing instructions in- cluded. Send FIFTEEN CENTS (lic) in coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this Anne Adams Pattern. Write plainly name, address and _ style BE SURE TO STATE streamers should be reinforced by a two-inch wide strin of any type] Pattern Department, 243 West 17th strong paper on the reverse side,| Street, New York City Address ordets to Daily Worker T AILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY, MAY 31, 1934 ACW Chiefs Help Boss to Fire Presser| Threaten “Strong Arm” Action Against Those Who Protest By a Worker Correspondent NEW YORK.—A committee of us workers of the International Tail- oring Co. went down to the union demanding the reinstatement of a presser who had fought for our in- terests and was fired. We never believed that the union that is sup- posed to protect the workers would help the boss fire workers. When we told Mr. Patsy that we are ready to stop in order to re- instate that presser, we were told that the presser is a bad person to have in the shop, and that eve: thing that he said at a meeting is recorded in the books, and that if we fight for his job, we are all go- ing to be kicked out from the place. We were also told that the fourth floor is a scab shop and if we don’t behave and keep quiet, we are go- ing to get some “strong arm” visi- tors to teach us something. Fellow workers! Just think of it. That was the answer we received from our union officials when we asked them to put a brother that is so much liked by the workers back to work. He demanded an increase in wages for the workers. He fought for better conditions for all of us. That presser is the best union man in the place. So the union officials decided to teach that presser a lesson for being a good union man: Starve him out for several weeks. And when we were ready to strike in solidarity with that presser, we were called scabs by the union offi- cials, and we were given a “fair? warning: we will get kicked out of the shop, and if necessary get a beating too. I am writing this to the Daily Worker because I know that the Daily Worker is always on the job fighting for the interests of the workers and exposing our enemies, I urge every brother and sister of the International Tailoring Co. to read the only working class news- paper, the Daily Worker. Worked Five Months For Nothing For S.A. By a Worker Correspondent NEW YORK. — I have been working for the Salvation Army Gold Dust Lodge for Oscar Moore, steward of the kitchen, for five months. I never received any clothes or money from them. I worked from Jan. 1 to May 11, 1934, and they even put me out because I reported them to Mr. Hodson, Welfare Commissioner, and to the Federal Emergency Relief Bureau at Washington, D. C., and to Bernard Deutsch, presi- dent of the Board of Aldermen, and Governor Lehman, and the president of the United States. They give people rotten stew and rotten hash and mouldy bread and mouldy cake and rotten oat- meal and cereal! And there's no place to wash your clothes in the Municipal lodging house, and the same way in the Aid Society at 425 Lafayette St., and the beds are crummy. I am enclosing a working tag. I was tagged to work every day that I was at the Gold Dust Lodge, and they were getting 48 cents from the government for me. Mother of 6 Gets $2 a Month Relief By Farm Worker Correspondent SWINK, Colo—I am_ sending you these few lines to let you know what is going on in the southern part of Colorado, and in particular about the farm hands. I got here in the residence of a working party, and I find a lady with 6 sons crying and I ask why they cry and she told me because she hasn’t anything to feed her sons and T asked her if she has been helped by the relief and she told me, yes, that she gets $2 a month and sometimes $4 a month, but from this $4 she has to buy her water to drink. I asked her why her child was without clothes and she told me that the relief doesn’t want to give any clothes. Raab SPEED-UP IN SAW MILL By a Farm Worker Correspondent CAMP HILL, Ala—The Commis- sioner of Gamp Hill said, when he started back to work, he is going to make them do as much work in 8 hours as a man ought to do in 6, then if they fail to do so, he was going to fire every one. I heard him say so myself. Some work 11 hours; some work 8, and all drew the same money. Some started in with 4 days, some with 3 days, and now they are cut down to two days or down to one, and some cut clean out. Mr. G. R. Rodgers, a great saw mill man, has been in business for 40 odd years and still hires labor at his own price and no system at all. He claims to work the men at the mill 8 fo 9 hours and the men in the woods 11 and 12 hours. All get the same price. THE “DAILY” IN C. C, C. CAMPS Whitewater, Colo. I am now here in a Veteran C. C. Camp. At least there are sev- eral men here who seem to realize what these camps mean and I have known them for some time. There are 200 men here in camp. No “Daily Workers” come here, but I know most of them know what it is. I hated to come here and leave Denver, as the W. E. S. L. has just got started there. I hope to see a large Post established by the time I get back to Denver in October. There are men leaving here occa- sionaly without serving their period of enlistment. There hasn’t been any leave in groups during the 20 days time I have been care bg “o Cents a Day Plenty for Mexicans” Is Brutal Reply of Pecan Shelling Boss > Leads only to Vague Promises By a Farm Worker Correspondent SAN ANTONIO, Texas, — “Five cents a day is plenty for a Mexican to live on.” That was literally the direct and brutal answer J. Seligman, vice pres- ident of the Southern Pecan Shell- ing Co., and one of the big shots of the Southern Pecan Shellers Asso- ciation, gave a member of the so- called impartial local Texas Re- gional Labor Board, on a hearing held Saturday afternoon, May 12th, in the 94th district court room. In the room were, besides some members of the board, officers and individuals of the association, re- porters for the capitalist press, two stenographers, social workers and several hundred Mexican pecan shellers, men, women and children, part of the 12,000 workers who signed a petition to force the mem- bers of the association to come to a hearing before the board. The Southern Pecan Shellers As- sociation employs directly and in- directly over 20,000 Mexican men, women and children as cebradores, limpiadores, relimpiadores (crackers, shellers and recleaners). Even the local capitalist prop- aganda sheets were forced to admit and print that workers put in be- tween 56 and 60 hours a week and received from 32 cents to $1.50 per week, The workers were misled and fooled by a local Mexican Nation- alist, (a dangerous character and dope fiend), who persuaded them that before they use the only real and effective weapon, the strike, they should first appeal to the local Labor Board for help. Even those patriots and politicians couldn't swallow the ugly, lying and mean statement of Mr. Seligman when he told them with a cynical smile: “Gentlemen: you don’t know | how fat those Mexicans are getting Let me explain how Mr. Seligman and the association not only exploit | the shellers by paying them star- | vation wages, but also rob and over- | charge the Mexican cockroach sub- contractor. The Mexican sub is usually an ignorant vicious slave | driver with an itch to make money. | The only way he can -have a few dollars left for himself after he} pays off his worker Saturday after- | noon is by short weighing the shel- lers five days in the week, and by falsely adding up the amount he owes them the sixth day when he pays them off. | if Mr. Seligman and his association | sell to the cockroach Monday morn- ing 2,000-pound pecans in the shells at 9c per pound (the market price is usually from 3c to 4c less per Ib.) and then buy back from him Sat- urday afternoon halves at 30 cents per pound and pieces at 29 cents, but the meat must be white and dry. If the meat is dark than they only pay the cockroach 20 cents for halves and as low as 13 cents for pieces. (One hundred pound pecans in the shell will yield about 38 Ibs. in meat.) Most of the subs with a few ex- ceptions are always in debt to the contractors. All the contractors have to say is that this barrel is | dark meat and the prices goes down like mercury in a midwinter bliz- zard. The members of the board got nervous and ashamed when one of them asked Seligman whether he signed the N.R.A. code for the pecan Shellers, He boldly answered them, “No, sir, I did not and don’t intend to.” Yet at the end of the hearing the chairman announced that the board had received so many complaints, so many affidavits of abuse, that they will have to hold several hearings and it will take weeks and possibly months to investigate the com- plaints. When I left the court room a bunch of Mexican pecan shellers “CottonWasPloughed Up But the Debts Remained” By a Worker Correspondent NORTH CAROLINA — For the poor white and Negro farmers in North Carolina the New Deal was a pretty rotten one. It raised the price of overalls from 60c to over $1.60. In fact, it raised the prices of everything that the poor farmers had to buy and gave the poor Negro and white farmers less for everything they had to sell. The farmers were ordered to cut their cotton acreage. They were told they would be paid better pgices for their smaller crops than they would be for their larger crop. The farmers here, however, have not been told just what the “good prices” in the ideas of their rich landlords mean. But the farmers know one thing. They would be taxed 75 per cent for every bale of cotton produced over that allotted them. Besides that, they will have to pay 50c for every day that their cotton is kept in the storage. Last year the landlord and: cap- italist dictatorship forced thousands of poor white and black farmers to plough under their cotton. They told the poor farmers that it would be better for them if they ploughed up the cotton they had worked so hard to plant. The farmers were promised to be paid if they plough- ed up their cotton. Many of the farmers are waiting yet for the small sum they were promised. The farmers to a large extent are already disillusioned with the NR. A., which they also term the No Recovery Act. They still have to pay for their fertilizer they bought in order to grow the cotton that they later ploughed up. Cotton was ploughed up but the debts remained. The low standard of life of the farmer also remained. The houses of the poor white and Negro farmers in Union” County, for instance, are so old that the shingles blow off the tops when the wind blows. As one white farmer said, they are just like baskets, for the cold wind goes right through the house. One Negro woman farmer just couldn't make a fire in the fire place because the roof was so rot- ten that a spark from the chimney would set the house on fire. The overalls the poor farmers wear are either so torn that the farmers seem to be wrestling when they want to dress, or they look like checkerboards they have so many patches in them. For years the poor white and Negro farmers have been kicked around by the Democratic donkey and trampled by the Republican elephant, While the government is asking us to reduce our combined cotton and tobacco acreage by 6,000,000 acres, there is need, if North Caro- lina is to feed itself, for us to in- crease our food and feed crops by 2,230,000 acres as follows: Wheat, 554,000; corn, 790,000; oats, 484,000; hay, 150,000; pastur- age, 252,000. This, according to the Progressive Farmer of Jan. 1934, vol. 49, No. 1, was printed by the state college authorities, Only under a landlord and cap- italist “democracy” could such bad Conditions for the poor white and Negro farmers prevail. The only way that the poor white and Negro farmers in North Caro- lina and other parts of the United States can better their conditions is to follow the example of the workers and farmers of the U.S.S.R. Organize and fight for a workers’ and poor farmers’ government. Farmer Analyzes Meaning Of the Roosevelt Program WEST NEWTON, Mass.—The fol- lowing letter, written by a New Eng- land farmer to a farmer friend of his in Michigan, is reproduced in part below: “When Roosevelt was told that the people were starving he promised to fix that situation by ordering the farmers to destroy food—plow under the wheat. What a solution! And what a constructible statesman! Even the millions of people wear rags, the great leader orders the farmre to destroy cotton. The American workers craye a smoke, but the chief orders the farmer to destroy tobacco. He aims to achieve construction by planned destruction. “His reasoning process works somewhat as follows: After the farmer destroys 20 per cent of his crop and after he gets paid for the destroyed acreage by the Govern- ment (which will supply the money from revenue to be derived from still further increasing the already unbearable and severe taxes levied on the workers), prices will rise because of bigger demand due to restritced crops. Consequently wages will also rise because of increased prics of commodities. “What a gigantic fake! He tells you nothing about the millions of small farmers and sharecroppers who have only a few acres and who are slaves to the boss farm owners and who will get nothing for crop destruction. He tells you nothing about the great many farm hands and other farm workers who will jose their jobs because of curtailed farm work. “I heartily sympathize with you, and know that you have gone through the crucible of agony and suffering. It is a terrific blow to homestead also stolen from you. And this—after long years of toil and sweat and blood expended to make money payments to the greedy bank and loan sharks. But | that is the way capitalism works. It has no heart and no conscience. It knows only one thing: money— profits—more money. “From your own bitter experience you can see how this Home Loan Act was never meant to help you as a@ workingman home owner. But you do observe how billions of the People’s money are handed out to the rich bankers and insurance profiteers and other big businesses by the Reconstruction Finance Corp. “The workers have got to organize and plan and fight together so that by means of concerted, mass action they can overthrow the rotten, cap- italist system in which a very small minority of the people own and control most of the wealth of a big and rich country and in which the overwhelming majority, the workers and toilers, suffer and starve while the loafers and idlers play and roll in luxury. “The time has arrived when the American workmen are no longer scared away by bugaboo words like Socialism and Communism. The remarkable, sure and steady prog- ress that Soviet Russia is making has captured the hearts and en- thusiasm of the workers of the world. The worker of America wants to know about and study this Communism that Soviet Russia is successfully building. “In another mail I am sending you an exellent little pamphlet entitled “Why Communism” written by M. Olgin, a man wiio has spent most @ |Labor Board Hearing) cating an day the meat of the/Texas Workers Learn nuts.” That Strong Union Is Only Way stood in the hall, and with blood in | their eyes discussed Mr. Seligman’s insulting and lying statements about them. They asked me my opinion of Seligman’s statements. I told them that I think Seligman is a yellow rat and a public enemy No. 1 and that his statements are lousy. One of them made a crack about him: “A greedy guy like him, can’t be handled with silk gloves, but must be handled with an iron fist.” “Some day Mr. Seligman will tremble like a guitar and will play to our time,” remarked another, “and we will make him cough out everything he robbed of the workers.” “Wait till we organize ourselves in @ union, in a real union, in a mili- tant union,” cuts in a young Mexican worker with fire in his eyes, (and in the meantime sticks a fist under my nose) and we will call Mr. Selig- man and his association to a hear- ing before a board of workers and not of politicians.” FELIPE IBARRO. (Signature authorized) Picket In Protest At Eviction Of Superintendent By a Worker Correspondent ASTORIA, L. I—Hubert Albert, superintendent of a 60-family apart- ment house at 3252 33rd St, was evicted with his wife and child after he was unable to keep the house and many others in Man- hattan and the Bronx in full repair on a salary of $120 a month, Albert was supposed to do all painting, plumbing, carpentry, re- pairing, etc. and pay the salary of $25 a month to a helper on the $120 and feed him. The helper, Paul Cox, 21, was evicted also. The landlord, Emil Levin, a lawyer, owns about 60 houses in New York. A rank and file picket line of the Superintendents local marched up and back on the sidewalk where Albert’s furniture and household goods were spilled. Albert was fired because he re- fused to do the painting plumbing and other work in the 60 other houses owned by Levin. Rank and file A. F. of L. painters have already taken up the fight in support of the evicted super- intendent against Levin by voting to strike Levin’s 60 apartment houses. A Logger Learns About the “Daily” By a Farm Worker Correspondent ASTORIA, Ore——The farmer to- day is not getting enough from the farm to keep alive, so I work out at a logging camp nearby. But I find that the wages are very small and the expenses are large. Out in the Oregon timber a man needs good shoes that cost $16, then other clothing, besides hospital fees and board, so the monthly pay check is not so much to boast about. One morning I thought of taking the Daily Worker to the woods and see what the fellows would think about the workers’ paper. I placed it on the table in the little lunch shack that is out in the woods for midday lunch. The first fellow read the paper over carefully from the first page to the last and then gave it to the next fellow, and said that this paper, the Daily Worker, is very interesting to read. He said that he likes to see more of it, be- cause the paper comes out with the truth of real everyday life. The A. F. of L. has many of these workers in the A. F. of L, union which was organized lately. But this worker found out what kind of a leader this Mr. Bill Green is, also he found out what the big Billy Fat Belly millionaires are up to. Sharecropper Gets Only $7.50 a Month By a Sharecropper Correspondent GOLD HILL, Ala.—I work hard and get half enough to eat. We only get $7.50 a month, and four in the family. We have to pay $2.75 for PARTY LIFE Reports Growth of Party’ Influence in Bridgeport Correct Work of Communists Built Strong Independent Union in Factory I want to bring out a few points on how our unit came into exist- ence. This is in the city of Bridge- Port,.in what you would call des- Olate place. A few people of our Tace upon seeing the enormous rents we had to pay to the land- lords, found an abandoned piece of land where we decided to live, where we wouldn't be annoyed by the landlords. That is Chapsa Hill. After being located out there, we began to read the newspapers and found a paper on the streets, a Paper called the “Daily Worker.” We began to read this paper and found that it was taking up the rights of the workers. We learned through this paper that there was an International Labor Defense that was fighting for the nine Scottsboro boys. We had got a sneeze of it through the Pittsburgh Courier and saw how the capitalist courts had sentenced the boys to death in the electric chair. When we began to read the Daily Worker, we found that the International Labor Defense had taken up this issue—the fight to save the lives of these 9 boys. That made us inter- ested in the International Labor LETTERS FROM OUR READERS SELLS “WESTERN WORKERS” IN STANDARD OIL DIST. Los Angeles, Cal. In the sanctuary of Standard Oil, Bakersfield district, Comrade Mor- timer, literature agent, only a few months in the Party, sells between 125 and 150 Western Workers a week. Riding freights, hitching, walking, he covers an area of 250 miles to distribute the bundles in Taft, Coalings, Greenfield and Ar- vin, and helps to bring the paper to the workers in these towns by selling the Western Worker on the streets and canvassing from door to door, Comrade Mortimer came into the Party through the cotton strike. He has nothing but the overalls and shoes and coat he wears, and an unbounded faith in the work- ing class and its leader, the Com- munist Party. He hasn't much system in his work, and some- times loses the addresses of work- ers that he contacts through the Paper. So he goes from door to door to find them again and to bring the news of the class steug- gle to others. When May 1 approached he wrote to the organizer of the Trade Union Unity League in Los Angeles, asking him to come out and speak to the workers who were to be called together. When the organizer came in, he had no address, but in the center of the town, he saw a comrade in blue overalls selling the Western Work- er, and that was Mortimer. The Police tried to run him out of town, but he came right back, and the workers have promised to pro- tect him in case he is attacked again. ff Fo Nate aac renan Near PUTTING A SMALL TOWN ON THE MAP New Brunswick, N. J. This year we had our first suc- cessful May First Parade and Dem- onstration, carried out by the United Front Committee, under the lead- ership of the Communist Party. Several hundred workers came out and assembled in front of the house of the “Arbeiter-Ring,” on the cor- ner of New and Nilson Sts. Repre- sentatives of the various organiza- tions in the United Front made short speeches, But when the speak- er of the Communist Party began to speak, the police tried to pull him down from the platform. They said that we had a permit for a street meeting only at the end of the parade, and not on the begin- ning. It was obvious that this was only @ pretext for taking away our right of free speech, and an attempt to prevent our parade. But the police were not successful with their prov- ocation. We began at once with the parade, the red flag high above us, and singing the International, we marched through the main streets of the town. After a march of a half hour, a successful meet- ing was held at the end of the parade. { Defense. One of our friends got is touch with the International Labor Defense and had a conversation with them and then we organized # branch and named it the Chapsa Hill Branch. When we began to participate in the meetings, we heard the name “comrade.” It sounded very good to us, and we continued to meet and developed a knowledge through reading the Daily Worker, knowing the line of the Communist Party. Then we came to the conclusion that we were Teally Communists. The District Organizer of the city had heard of this branch. He came out and gave us a talk. That opened our eyes a little more. While he was talking we got such inspiration and understanding of this move- ment that when he completed his discourse, giving us an understands ing of the Communist Party, I think I was the first of the bunch. I said to him, “Now, I don’t care to hear any more, I think I want to know how to get into this move- ment.” When he presented the applicae tion cards and showed us how to fill them out, I think that night of the meetng there was about 15 or 16 | of them that signed up. After we had joined the Party, we decided to form a neighborhood unemployment branch. We got to« gether and we founded the neigh- borhood unemployment branch and the first case we had come before us was of an eviction case. I was put on the committee. I look at myself as a pretty good husky fel- low. When I got there I saw fel- lows that were huskier than I am, I looked at my committee and they weren't as husky as I was, but we could get along all right. They tried to send us away. We forced our way in. The furniture was sit- ting on the streets and rain was coming on. We demanded this minute, that they get out of here. They saw we were determined and they said we might as well go away. They didn’t want to go but we made them. Comrades, I have taken a little bit too long. I wanted to speak a few minutes on the shop and union work which we have started in the Place where I am concerned in. After coming into the Communist Party, we tried to get workers to fight for their rights under this capitalist system. For three years I have been trying to get workers together and form a union in order not to have to put up with the miserable conditions of the bosses. At last, about six weeks ago, our first meeting was held. At the sec ond meeting we had 6 or 7. The third meeting we had 13. And at the fourth meeting we had 30 and then we called an open meeting and we invited the whole shop. We had kind of gotten strong and weren't afraid of the boss then. We were going to take our case in our hands and not have a company union, That night we called the open meeting, we had 75 and about half the gang signed up for the union, and at the last meeting we had 130 to sign applications for the union. When we counted all those who had signed up, we had about 300 and in that we see how we can aid through the agitation of mem- bers of the Party in any place where we are employed. Through the union we have been able to es- tablish a shop nucleus in the name of the Communist Party. C., District 15. Join the Communist Party 35 E. 12th STREET, N. Y. C. Please send me more informa- tion on the Communist Party. NAME ..cccccaccscccccescceccece Street City By educating the workers’ party, Marxism educates the vanguard of the proletariat, thus fitting it to seize power and to lead the whole people towards socialism, to carry on and to organize the new order, to become the teacher, the guide, the leader of all who labor and are exploited—their teacher, guide and leader in the work of organizing their social life without the bourgeoisie and against the bourgeoisie. LENIN flour and 10 cents for lard and 10 cents for sugar and 10 cents for fatback meat, and you see what con- dition we are in, We rent and have to pay $25 for a-mule, and a bale of cotton to the plow, and in the fall of the year we are just like the first. We never get out of debt. J. E. Ellington is the landlord. NOTE We publish letters from farm- ers, agricultural workers, forestry and lumber workers, and cannery workers every Thursday. These workers are urged to send us let- ters about their conditions of work, and their struggles to or- ganize. Please get these Ictters _ to us by Monday of each week. inating and very helpful. Read it of his life working for the cause have your furniture taken away from you and then have your old’ and happiness of the working class. This booklet is interesting, illum- carefully and then write me your reactions. Pass it along to some of your friends in town.” ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS (Continued) The larynx (voice box) is notably smaller in woman than in men. After puberty, the female voice is one octave higher in the deep tones and two octaves higher in the high tones. The length, breadth, height and circumference of the head are smaller in woman than in man. We hasten to point out to you that this does not justify any con- clusions regarding the mental in- feriority of woman. It is well known that many geniuses have had heads of relatively small propor- tions. The brain of the average man weighs 44.12 ounces, that of the average woman 39.58 ounces, According to Schwalb, the weight is 44.21 ounces and 40.03 ounces, respectively. The larger brain cor- responds to the larger amount of nerve tissue necessary for the con- trol of the larger muscles of the Dector By PAUL LUTTINGER, M.D. male. This nerve tissue is com- posed mainly of nerve-fibers and does not necessarily have any rela- tion to mental capacity. Even the supposed lesser development of the frontal lobes of the brain which Rudinger and Passet think that have established in their investi+ gations of the female brain has been categorically denied by Broca and by O. Schultze. As a matter of fact it is doubtful whether when the brain alone is seen, outside of the skull, that any anatomist could sitively identify the sex to whicn it belonged. You will find more ae- tails on this question in Bebel’s “Woman and Socialism.” As to your questions about whether man’s body or woman's was the more beautiful, it cannot be answered in this column. You will find an answer in the June issue of HEALTH, which I trust you will be able to get, even in Moscow. aanpemmeanioegaaiyei o rovoes =