The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 21, 1934, Page 4

Page Four DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, MAY 21, 1934 Organize Workers’ Children, |Florida Workers’ Leagues Back HR 7598 Or the Prie Will Get Them I.W.O., With Low-Cost Insurance, Lags Behind Religious Insurance Rackets MAX By our great me: uary 15, we of the or children Order. in S are not The of fraternal to that venile 8,000 orders do nee. They want ouls.” As lor ave r souls, thi can chain their bodies more securel} to the slavery of capitalism. Every workers’ organization therefore must extend its organiza-| tional, educational and struggle ac- tivities into the field of the workers’ children. The International Workers Order accepts children from 1 to 16 years of age. The dues for these workers’ children are minimal. Up to 9 years of age they amount to 3c per week, and from 9 to 16 years 4c a week. For this a gradu- ated life insurance is granted, reaching a maximum of $350. Children over 9 years of age re- ceive the New Pioneer Magazine free of charge. Children over 9 years of age are organized into regularly functioning branches, under the leadership of the Pioneer movement, The fears and hopes of worker- parents for their children are ex- pressed in almost every instance in} @ desire for insurance for the child. Children’s insurance has therefore become one of the easiest and most profitable rackets of insurance com- | Panies with their weekly payment policies. The premiums are high, e in this} official | the} DEDACHT t to nothing. For us ional Workers Order s based more nearly n which we can do nined by the attention nd our mem- anization of regular Order a week.| 1ould not} nal work to the children’s} ces for leadership | This is work that cannot be left te campaigns; it is all-year-round work, it is every-day work, aS Pea Lee How to Build an English Branch Last week a member of the Na- tional Committee of our English m was sent to speak at a cele- n of one of our branches. A young people, not} y onnected with the der or with the movement gen- ally, but living in the neighbor- od, were present. Our comrade, seeing excellent possibilities for | building an English speaking | branch, was not satisfied merely to make a speech and point this out. He decided to remain in the town overnight and actually work with the comrades the next morning. En- thused and inspired by the clear and logical talk of the speaker on how only our members themselves can build our Order, the comrades went out canvassing among friends and neighbors at 9 a.m. That same day ten members were recruited, actually examined, and | the applications sent in to the of- fice. These are ten young workers from 25 to 35 years old, working in the metal factories in the town. Just | by transforming one speech into | deeds, almost immediately we have strengthened our Order not only by @ membership of ten but we have created a base to build an I.W.O. movement in the neighborhood, and especially a base to build our prole- tarian Order right in the big metal factory in which most of these workers are employed. This example may well be fol- | lowed by the comrades of our | Order generally. FORMATION OF A SOCIAL PROBLEMS CLUB “A number of persons in my com- munity,” writes a reader from Ili- nois, “are interested in forming a ‘social problems’ club. We would appreciate any helpful suggestions or literature regarding same. Also, in a group of perhaps 10 or 15 to start with,.what officers would you suggest? We -wish the club to be a success and therefore would like to start with as much system and order as poss}ble. Thanking you for your kind assistance —Lucille B., Berwyn, Ilinois.” We had at first intended to answer this letter privately, but on second thought decided that an open answer might contain directives of use to other groups as yet unor- ganized, who read the “Daily.” So here is a suggested procedure: Elect a president, and an execu- tive committee of three or four members. These latter may have the following “titles” and duties: (1) programs, secure speakers, assign an educational director, to arrange preparation of talks, obtain literary material on which to draw for in- formation and discussion, etc.; (2) a secretary to take minutes of meet- ings, take care of correspondence, reports, etc.; (3) a financial secre- tary or treasurer, to take care of dues, expenses, etc.; (4) a publicity director to arrange for open meet- ings, lectures, publicity for your group, and general “publicity” work. Your membership meetings might occur weekly, or more or less often, as the group decides. Elect a chair- man for the meeting as soon as it is opened and proceed according to ordinary parliamentary custom. Books such as thé following will supply information as a basis for your discussions: by John Strachey, “The Coming Struggle for Power,” ($1.75), and “The Menace of Fas- cism,” ($1.25); “The History of the American Working Class” by An- thony Bimba, ($1.65); “Forced Labor in the United States” by Walter Wilson ($1.00). Relative to women’s problems there is “Women Who Work,” by Grace Hutchins, ($1.00); on the Jewish question: “Are the Jews a Race?” by Karl Kautsky ($1.00); and on Negro problems there is a whole series of pamphlets (from one to ten cents each) listed in the Workers’ Bookshop Catalogue, which I am forwarding to this cor- respondent. For light on present day Russia, there are “In Place of Profit” (reg- ularly $2.50, special for one week $1.75)—“The Soviet Worker,” “La- bor Protection in the Soviet Union,” “Protection of Women and Children in the Soviet Union,” and many others which you will find listed in the same catalogue, together with scores of books and pamphlets on all subjects which your group will want to have information about. The questions of the war danger and the need for social insurance should be stressed in your discussions. (There are listed in the catalogue a few fictional works also, which present good pictures of present day Social conditions the world over.) Your club will likely want to in- terest itself concretely in political prisoners, and to send resolutions or telegrams to various state and national executives to protest in- justices as the occasion arises, (The [meinem question of the treatment of the American colonies will need discus- sion.) At this time the general burning issue before women’s groups par- ticularly is the war danger and the need of supporting the Women’s Anti-War Congress to convene in Paris July 30. We urge that you popularize this issue in your local- ity; for directives on how to proceed write to Kathryn McKenna, secre- tary of the Women’s Committee of the American League Against War and Fascism, 160 N. LaSalle St., Chi- cago, Ill. If there is any more help we can give, do not hesitate to ask; and we hope to hear from time to time how your group is progressing. Can You Make ’Em Yourself? Pattern 1842 is available in sizes | 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46. Size |36 takes 3% yards 39 inch fabric, and 5% yard contrasting. MIlus- trated step-by-step sewing instruc- tions included. Send FIFTEEN CENTS (15c) in coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this Anne Adams pattern. Write plainly name, address and_ style number. BE SURE TO STATE THE SIZE. Address orders to Daily Worker Pattern Department, 243 West 17th Street, New York City. Get Only $14 | A Month, Yet | Wage Is Cut | By a Worker Correspondent _ | TARRANT CITY, Ala.—The E. R. A. at Tarrant City, Ala., a suburb | of Birmingham, has a fine superin- | tendent on a relief job. There were three comrades on the job. The superintendent cut the men from 60 | hours to 48 hours for one comrade | and cut from 54 hours to 42 hours making a total sum for the one} comrade of $1440 per month andj} the other two get $12.60 per month. | The three comrades refused to sign the cut, but the other workmen! signed up to take the cut. Shame/ on them. j The superintendent called the three comrades by name, telling them to lay their tools down, get out of a pit they were digging and to “get off the- job and by God! don’t come back any more.” He cursed horribly at the three and of- fered to fight any man on the job. He stated he was sorry for the men’s wives and children, but had no use for a damn man that had no more principle than to strike when things are as they are, with the govern- ment doing all in their power to feed the people, and that he was going to do all in his power to see that they don’t get anything else, anywhere else, if he can keep them from it. The $14.40 and the $12.60 has to furnish coal or wood, water, lights, clothes and groceries for a family of four to six. ‘The three comrades called to the other workmen, telling them to come on out if they had any guts, and, if not, to stay there. They stayed. And on Monday there will be some more comrades fired. A damn good government, to make a code and be the first to scab on their own code. I think, when a government gets as rotten as that, it ought to go in the hands of the receivers, or the junk pile. The three men’s names are O. E. Story, J. W. Pouncey and Hamil- ton. The scab boss, his name is George Walls. He plainly told the men he knows they could not live at the wage before the hour cut. ® Poulnot, Socialist Leader and Bosses’ Spy, Fails To Stop Endorsement of Social Insurance Bill (By a Worker Correspondent) TAMPA, Fla.—The State Federa- tion of Workers’ Leagues of Florida, held its first Convention in Tampa, Pla. on April 29th. It was anounced previously, to last two days, 29th and 30th, but the efficient leading ma- chine of that organization maneu- vered around so fast that everything was “done” in one day. The leader of these Workers’ Leagues is 2 man by the name of E. F. Poulnot. This individual is in part responsible for the kidnapping |for the other two comrades per 2nd murderous beating of Homer as| month. This is at 30 cents per hour, | Barton, then Florida Party organ- izer. Poulnot warned Barton sev- eral times not to mix in the affairs of the Hillsborough Unemployed Brotherhood. Poulnot then brought charges against Barton to the police of Tampa, and is well known by the workers of Tampa for his spying and stool-pigeon work. Not so very long ago Poulnot warned militant unemployed work- ers to keep away from the com- muhists, otherwise they will be sorry. . . meaning a ride by the K. KX. Finally this very individual is none other but the Socialist Party leader of Tampa, and now the First President of the State Federa- tion of Workers’ Leagues. The Convention has some 30 regular delegates from 7 cities in the State of Florida. It was supposed to be a delegation of all unemployed organizations in the State, but the truth is that only from Tampa was there such a delegation elected by the unemployed workers. All other delegates were socialist leaders of various localities without a mass fol- lowing. Exaggerated reports were made by these on the representation, such as from Jacksonville, Fla. the delegate reported 200 members in that organi- zation, while there are no more than a dozen S. P. members. It is in this way that Poulnot boasted that this convention represented some 25,000, the fact of the matter being only at most 2,000. The hall of the convention and outside for several blocks was well posted with spies and policemen, to keep an eye on the communists who were terrorized throughout the preparations and during the con- vention itself. Literature distributed in the hall consisted of Socialist Party Appeal to Workers from the Cleveland Convention of 1924”—and By a Worker Correspondent WILMINGTON, Del. — “Deleware has not seen depression,” the United States Regional director for Fed- eral Relief has made the above en- lightening statement, and further adds that Delaware must “go the limit” before expecting Federal aid, which means that the workers of Delaware will be forced to dig down to their very slim pockets and make up the relief fund for their less fortunate neighbors, as has hap- pened before. In addition to the slashing of wages, lengthening of hours, and rising cost of living, those who are still employed will be forced to “contribute willingly” from their meagre pay envelopes. It is true that the Delaware bosses have seen no depression, for it has not been so very long ago that Dela- ware declared it had the greatest surplus in its treasury of any state in the Union. Nor have the Du Ponts and their satelites seen the depression, but the people of Dela~ ware, the great masses of workers and farmers, have not only seen and DelawareReturns Millions to Bosses; Cuts ReliefOne-Third felt the depression but have been killed by it. As a result of the splendid fight put up by the Unemployed Council last year, many demands were won for the unemployed, but now, rent, gas, electricity, clothes, coal, water and one third of all food orders are being cut off. Nine hundred fami- lies in this city alone are facing evictions, as reported by the capi- talist press. The unemployed were getting the magnificent sum of eight ‘and one- half cents per person per day, but that is now being cut by one-third. All free medical attention for the unemployed has been abolished. Workers in industry are being laid off by the score, but DuPont and Co. and all its war-making subsidiaries are going full blast, and are turning out poisonous chemicals and war materials with feverish haste. All this in a state which a few years ago followed Andy Mellon’s example and gave back to its mil- lionaires over 13 millions in income tax. Friday’s Daily Worker contained an editorial note in reply to a let- ter by a rank and file marine worker who raised certain ques- tions regarding the Daily Work- er’s position toward the leaders of the International Longshoremen’s Association. This note, written by a member of the I. L. A., did not correctly represent the Daily Worker’s position. The following article is intended to correct the errors of the first reply.—Editor. Rater The Daily Worker atacks Joseph P. Ryan as a disrupter and enemy of the working class. This attack against Ryan must become much sharper in the present strike in which Ryan assumes the role of a leader not to win the strike, but to break the strike. Joseph P. Ryan as the head of the LL.A., together with the other chiefs of the AF. of L., like William Green, Mathew Woll, Mr. Collins of the Auto Workers, or Lewis, head of the Miners Union, are opposed to strikes just as much as the em- ployers temselves. In .1929, at the beginning of the crisis, when the em- ployers made sharp attacks against the standard of living of the work- ers, when wage cuts took place in every industry, the leaders of the A. F. of L., made promises to the employers that there shall be no strikes during the period of crisis. They even went so far, that when local unions refused to accept fur- ther wage cuts and went out on strike, the International officials forced the men to return to work and accept the wage cut. If the men refused to return to work un- der these conditions, the officials revoked the charter of the local unions and handed the charter to to the strikebreakers who were re- cruited by the employers during the strike. The present strike of the L.L.A. not initiated by Ryan. On the contrary it was forced upon Ryan. “The Eagle” N. R. A. booster pub- lished by the Unemployed League of Miami, Fla., a sheet sustained by the local politicians running for Congress in the coming elections. The editors of “The Eagle” are Miami socialist leaders, all of them delegated to the Convention, but upon finding seven Negro delegates in the hall they refused to enter or participate in the convention. Socialist Workers Appland Fighting Program A good many socialist workers were among the delegates, who for the first time took part in such session. They listened attentively to the proposals made by militant unemployed delegates, such as, for the adoption of the Workers’ Bill HR 7598 and how to fight for its enactment, on affiliating to the National Unemployment Councils, on the struggle against the vicious terror by the government and especially protesting the kidnapping of Frank Norman and the murder tactics of the KEK, etc. The proposals were greeted with applause by the worker delegates. For a moment it seemed that Poul- not would loose control of the as- sembly (he was chairman) but sly as he is he made a stop to this. The weak communist group working under the strain of terror and the complete failure to carry on any preparation beforehand for this con- vention, gave Poulnot an opportunity to maneuver. After less than three hours of session since the 4 he adjourned the session for four hours, during which time the dele- gation was broken up into small commissions to deliberate on the various proposals made on the floor. In the first place each commis- sion was headed by one of Poulnot’s closest lieutenants who kept strict watch on the proceedings. In the second place Poulnot made his round of warnings to each delegate that brought forward the fighting program of the unemployed, in this way intimidating the militant dele- gates. However, in spite of Poulnot and his K, K. K. warnings the delegates accepted most of the proposals. He succeeded one proposal, for affiliating to the National Unemployment Councils. Rank and File Leadership Will Win Demands for Unemployed On April 19th the unemployed of Tampa demonstrated for more re- lief, for free water, free rent and against a 40 per cent cut in relief. This demonstration was forced by the rank and file themselves, Poul- not could not hold back for fear of being exposed. The demonstrators were met with machine guns from roof tops nearby the Court House and a promise to grant their de- mands. . The few that receive relief did win their demands but it is far from reaching the bulk of the unem- ployed in Tampa or elsewhere in the State, especially the Negro masses who are discriminated against, and the youth and single workers. Poulnot is utilizing the terror used by the Tampa police as a warning against holding demon- strations. In this way he shamed the plans for a May Day demon- stration of the unemployed. Such acts will be repeated unless the rank and file organize independently their struggles. Especially the fact that decisions of the convention were made in favor of the Workers’ Bill, the communists must immediately carry on work among the unem- ployed and involve them in struggle for the Bill. Only through struggle will we be able to isolate the Poul- not’s and lead the unemployed in successfull struggles. The Role of Ryan and the Tasks of Militant Workers in Longshore Strike trict leadership to call a special conference in San Francisco. This conference had delegates from all local unions on the West Coast. The majority of these delegates were honest rank and file workers and were discontented with the leader- ship of J. P. Ryan. At this con- ference they worked out a plan of action which called for higher wages, union recognition, etc. In case these demands were not met, a strike was to be called.on the West Coast. At the same time, the pro- posals of J. P. Ryan, which were presented at the conference through his henchmen, were unani- mously rejected. However, the de- mands of the workers were refused by the employers. A strike vote was taken, and the majority of the locals voted for a strike. At the last minute, through maneuvers by Ryan and his henchmen, and through President Roosevelt and the N.R.A, Labor Board, the strike was called off, pending negotiations with the N.R.A. Labor Board. The negotiations, however, were not satisfactory to the workers, and over the heads of Ryan and the other leaders of the I. L. A. the workers called the strike. Then Ryan came into the strike situa- tion. He could not stop the strike any more, so he pushed himself as the leader of the strike. Your question—‘“conceding the correctness of your opposition to Ryan as a leader, you must agree that in any strike, as in a war or a game, the idea is to win”—is quite correct on the point that a strike is a war—a war between the em- ployers and the employes. The idea is to win for the workers, not for the misleaders whose interests are the same as the bosses’. The duty of the class-conscious workers in a strike is to gain control of the strike and put the leadership into the hands of a rank and file strike com- mittee. Last February the longshoremen on the West Coast forced the dis- a broad strike committee, because such a committee would make it very difficult for them to sign an agreement with the employers be- hind the backs of the workers. The Communist and the class-conscious elements must expose such leaders and must isolate them from the rank and file workers. Isolation of such leaders makes it difficult for these leaders to sell out the strike. A broad strike committee, elected by the rank and file and controlled by the rank and file through daily re- ports, is the best security for an honest leadership. All those oppos- ing such tactics during a strike are enemies of the striking workers, and must be, therefore, exposed even during the period of the strike. Your next question Is “what line of action shall the rank and file follow in order to win the strike and depose their false leaders?” Besides ‘the above-mentioned strike committee, elected by the rank and file, a call should be issued to all workers engaged in the industry, irrespective of their organizational affiliation, for united action in the strike; an agreement to be signed only after the majority of the strikers have voted in favor of it. Moreover, the Communist and other class-conscious workers must see to it that the demands which are made are correct demands; de- mands which have a basis in actual fact and reflect the real immediate needs of the workers, and will arouse the greatest fighting enthu- siasm in the whole rank and file. The rank and file members in the I. L. A. local unions should fight for rank and file control, for trade union democracy, against racketeer- ing and gangsterism, for dues ex- emption for ther unemployed mem- bers, no discrimination against rank and file workers and for joint ac- ‘Rent Racket Robs Workers Of Their Pay) By a Worker Correspondent PHILADELPHIA, Pa.—On Sheri- dan St. in South Philadelphia, a group of workers, mostly Negroes, are living in some houses from which they are now on the verge of being evicted. For the last two or three years a rent collector by the name of George Thomson has been hiring these workers, giving them jobs, from which they didn’t receive any pay. They were told that what money they had coming would go le to pay the rent. In no case has @ receipt been issued showing that the rent had been paid in this way. eyegietgel he i fe é There is the case of another worker, Van Brunt, who worked for this collector from March until No- vember, who has received no money or rent receipts and now is told to get out. There is John Nelson who does not rent a house himself, but worked 49 days without pay. Jim Rivers, 50 years old, worked two years without pay, Joseph Ryan worked one year, 10 months. In all of these cases this collector, George Thomson, would tell them not to worry about money or re- ceipts because when hard times came the rent would be paid. Now there is no work, and without no- tice he is ordering all of these work- ers out of their homes, and telling them that if they don’t move he is going to throw them out this coming Monday. Recently the water in all of these houses was cut off, and notices are now coming to these workers from the Public Works Company telling them they must have the water turned on because there is no owner to be found to claim the houses. The taxes have not been paid for several years. But still this col- lector, in conjunction with the con- stable, is trying to force these work- ers to pay rent. ‘The workers in this street have organized into the Unemployed Council, and have elected a delega- tion to go to the Mayor's office to protest against this action. Also leaflets have been distributed in the neighborhood telling the other workers, and exposing this real estate racket in all its rottenness. Cremo Cigar Plant Fired 3,000 in Louisville, Ky. By a Worker Correspondent LOUISVILLE, Ky.—Until a year ago I had been reading “suppos- edly” working class newspapers— but since I have been reading the Daily Worker, I am convinced that it is the only paper that truly backs the working class. The blue eagle has done his part —he has scratched and snarled a bit—in Louisville, Ky. In Louts- ville where the workers have been hushed and shushed and taught to feel their only enemy is the Negro, 3,000 people, the workers of the Cremo Cigar Factory (American To- bacco Co.) have been shut out of doors. And what has the N.R.A. had to do with this tragedy? Simply this: ‘The code called for higher wages— and the bosses gave their workers higher wages. But the owners could not afford to lose that little extra money that they were giving the workers, It might mean one yacht less for them this year. But Mr. Roosevelt didn’t say that the man- ufacturer couldn’t make the work- ers speed up production, and he didn’t say that the manufacturers couldn’t raise the price of his cigars! And now a call to my fellow to- bacco workers! What are we going to do—sit back and take it? Oh yes, the big shots—from the President of the U. S. down to the police lackeys would love for us to do just that—but I say, “No! We shall or- ganize and build a solid mass work- ers’ movement. Negro and white workers—let us unite and struggle together for our day to day rights which will finally lead to the over- throw of this rotten system. The Communist Party is the only working class party. Join the Party and help in the struggle of the emancipation of the working class— our class. J. 0. Overtime Without Pay in Childs’ (By a Worker Correspondent) BROOKLYN, N. ¥.—I'm a worker for Child’s and I take the liberty in telling you that the inhuman speed-up, the low pay and the treatment the managers give the workers, are indescribable. I forgot to tell you that tion in strikes with the Marine Workers’ Industrial Union and the The leaders of the A. F. of L, Jike Ryan and ethers, resist such right of the workers to belong to unions of their own choosing. sometimes they make us work three and four hours overtime without pay. The workers are disgusted with the N. R. A, PARTY LIFE Metal Worker Shows A Minneapolis Metal Worker Reports On Work of Shop Unit I am a member of a shop unit in a metal shop in Minneapolis. Only about eight months ago was the Party in District 9 able to make any gains in the metal industry in the northwest. Of course, in the north~- west we have no large metal indus- try, it is all light manufacturing; there are no large shops. About a year ago our Party first had one comrade in an organization of tool and die makers, an organization with a membership of about 150. As time went on this comrade was able to draw others into‘ the Party, and now we have ten Party mem- bers in this organization, and it is mostly under our influence at the present time. Also from this group of tool and die makers we were able to select @ group, the most conscious, and start our metal work, especially in this shop where I work at the pres- ent time. Last summer, during the various vetoes Farmer-Laborite Influence Hinders Shop Organization Need of Overcoming Social-Fascist Ideas by Concrete Facts the northwest is composed mostly of those from the northern Europeas. countries like Sweden, Norway, ana as we know, these countries are under the influence of the social fascists. I think there has been a Jack of attention paid to the edu- cation of our Party membership in our District to work among those under the influence of these social fascists. For instance, only recently we were put up against the wall by the workers—we were arguing with them during the lunch hour on the Communist’s role and we were put up against the wall by most of these workers. Some said: “Look at Nor- way and Sweden, look at what the Socialist Party has done there.” And we have no information on the Scandinavian countries. We have no data or statistics as to the living standards or anything else, and T would propose to the Central Com- mittee to take steps and gather Some information so that we can educate ourselves and work among these workers. In District 9 at the present time code hearings, etc., we were able to mobilize quite a few of the workers and recruit them into the Steel and Metal Workers Union. It has been a tough problem because this shop is as yet able to pay a pretty high rate of wages, but we were able to make some gains, like for instance, when we first started to work in the shop they were paid at the rate of $12 a week. When our organization started to work, in a short time, the wages were doubled and now ‘some of the workers are drawing pretty fair wages. Social Fascism the Greatest Danger But there is one thing that hin- ders us most in our work in Minne- apolis and the northwest, and that is the social fascists. Some of the comrades pointed out that there are various types and brands of social fascists in this country and we have a brand—the Farmer-Laborites, per- haps the largest and most danger- ous to our movement at the present time. It is well known that the northwest is a stronghold of the Farmer-Laborites, perhaps because United Action on Relief Job Halts Layoffs in Lynn By a Worker Correspondent LYNN, Mass.—Militant action by @ group of relief workers on the Pine Grove Cemetery project, where 600 men are employed, slowed up the slave-driving tactics of the engi- neer in charge of the job, Early Monday morning this engi- neer discharged a worker on the false charges of drunkenness and we have two shop locals in St. Paul which are functioning very good. We have one local in my shop (600 workers) and one general local which is composed of small job shops throughout the city, and only recently we have been able to re= cruit still more workers through an action which we took in the re- scinding of a wage cut which took place a short time ago. The way the company maneuvered is this— they first came into the tool room and raised the wages of the tool makers because in the past they were the ones who carried on most of the organizational activities. So they bribed the tool makers with a raise from four to six cents an hour and at the same time cut the production department 20 per. cent. But their maneuver did not work. We mobilized the whole fac- tory, elected committees in two de- partments and sent them to the manager, immediately issued leaflets and in a couple of days the wage cut was given back. Join the Communist Party 35 EH. 12th STREET, N. Y. ©. Please send me more informa- tion on the Communist Party. NOME cecescsesescdeccoscsecscce Street A JAIL RACKET By a Worker Correspondent BIRMINGHAM, Ala, — I am making a report of the way things are carried out at Flomation, Ala. ‘They run you off the train and lock all the men in a little jail all stalling. The entire crew, of which this worker was a part, walked over to the boss and demanded that the worker be reinstated, with the threat that if this was not done they would immediately leave the job and march upon Administrator McArdle’s office at City Hall. The pressure of the crew not only saved this worker's job but also gained the right of five other workers to make up a day lost last week when this same boss laid them off for one day on similar charges. 3 Not long ago this boss was given a good beating by a group of work- ers for using these same tactics, but it seems he did not profit by it. One of his favorite pastimes is to drive into the cemetery in his car and watch the workers at a distance through field glasses. About 95 per cent of these work- ers never used a pick or shovel be- fore in all their life and when asked if he expected to get a full eight night. In the morning they let us out, give us a 15 cent meal ticket for the jail-keeper’s wife's cafe and then collect $1 for the lodging. I wish you would send some one down and see this place. They put as many as 45 men in this jail. I am a true American and don’t think this should be carried on this way. LETTERS FROM OUR READERS FOR UNITY OF BLACK AND WHITE New York, N. Y. T am a Communist because I was born and raised in the Southern states where the rankest kind of exploitation and discrimination, Jim-Crowism and lynching is prac- ticed against the Negro people. I recognize that only the Communist Party fights for the liberation of the hours’ work out of such men, he re- plied that he had his own ideas and intended to carry them out. The workers now realize the need of organization and are taking steps in that direction. Negro people. For unity of Negro and white workers against bosses’ exploitation! Comradely, SUMMER HYGIENE During the hot weather the mode of life should be somewhat different from that pursued during the winter months. Failure to do so, often re- sults in a lowering of one’s physical resistance and mental capacity. The most important items to be con- sidered are food, clothing and rec- reation. During the summer months it is best to avoid the eating of too much sweet, spicy and fat food. Sweets and fats increase bodily heat and the spicy food produces an abnormal thirst which has to be continually Slackened, thus causing excessive perspiration and kidney excretion. The tendency to eat hot dogs and other delicatessen in the summer- time, which is so prevalent at the beaches and other summer resorts, cannot be too strongly condemned. The thirst that develops following the ingestion of such food causes people to consume large amounts of ice-cream sodas, “pops” and other soft drinks which contain a lot of sugar and thereby raise the oxida- tion and heat of the body. It is best to live mainly on green vegetables, fruit and dairy products. ! A certain amount of lean meat can also be eaten without fear of causing any gastric disturbances. By PAUL LUTTINGER, MD. As to beverages, it is best to drink ~ pure water to which lemon, orange, grapefruit or lime juice is added when possible. Limes are the most thirst-quenching of all the citrus fruit and the addition of half a lime to a glass of water makes the most ideal beverage. Care should be taken not to drink so-called fruit juices dispensed at some ot the soca stands. These are usually made with syrup and extracts, not with the. fresh fruit. Alcoholic drinks should be avoided, including beer. ‘We know that a glass of cold beer seems to be a satisfying drin’- on & hot day; but owing to its alcoholic content, the ultimate result is an increase in the heat production in the body. Next to water with fresh fruit juice, the best drink for the summer-time is tea, preferably hot tea with lemon and as little sugar as possible. This may seem silly to those who have had no experience and who are satisfied with superfi- cial impressions; but the great majority of people who live in the tropics have found that drinking warm. drinks cools the body more effectively than ice-cold beverages. Hot drinks promote perspiration without taxing the kidneys, {To be Continued) j t commen EARS aR i at oemaNONCEN ee a ~ ee - a