The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 21, 1934, Page 4

eee Page Four By SEYMOUF WASHINGTON, April 20 lution ordering a Senate ii cturs and ting a goverr nstrumen strivin; sipate tant worke: ganized ance to th and pro; the imper to whom the mu- nitions makers are either t- ners or s The seven se ators who are to conduct the in- quiry, at a 60; not exceeding $50,000, are instructed to examine existing legislation and treaties pertaining to the man ture or shipment of “arms, muni- tions or other implements of war” and to review the findings of the War Policies Commission with a view to crystallizing them into leg- islative form. Though the preamble of the res- olution refers to “the influence of the commercial motive” as an “in- evitable factor in considerations in- volving the maintenance of the na- tional defense,” this same “infiu-} ence,” in the second sentence of the preamble, becomes “one of the in- evitable factors often believed to stimulate and sustain wars.” (Em- phasis mine—S.W.), Such wriggling to camouflage the war danger inherent in capitalist sociéty, however, is not so dangerous | as the resolution’s misrepresenta- tion of the origin and recommenda- tions of the War Policies Commis- sion, nearly every public session of which I attended over a period of about a year. Furthermore, said the Senate, “Whereas the Seventy-first Congres: by Public Resolution No. 98, approv- ed June 27, 1930, responding to the long-standing demands of Ameri- can war veterans, speaking through the American Legion, for legislation ‘to take the profit out of war,’ creat- ed a War Policies Commission, which reported recommendations on December 7, 1931, and on March 7, 1932, to decommercialize war and to equalize the burdens thereof; and Whereas these recommenda- tions .never have been translated into the statutes: Therefore be it “Resolved, . . .” and so forth and Pe | Seymour Waldman 80 on, that a special committee of| the Senate be appointed for the pur- poses already named. Now, the war veterans did demand that the government “take the profit out of war’—but under “universal mobilization” slogans, popularized for ten years by the very leadership that betrayed the rank and file on the witness stand, which called for drafting capital “as a man is drafted.” It is well known in Wash- ington how the. then American Legion Commander O'Neil went even one per ceint further than the War Department. The Commander Tecommended a guaranteed return up to 7 per cent to industry in war-| time. This 7 per cent, he declared, would be “a fair return.” Equalizing the Burden Littie need be said as far as equalizing the burdens of war concerned. It is a recklessly dema- gogic capitalism that prates of such equalizing when it must hide the things that once were whole men, the things that saved J. P. Morgan from going to the wall as the fiscal agent of British and French im- perialism and gave millions to Charlie Schwab and other patriot-| eers who ran the Emergency Fleet Corporation and similar “dollar-a- year” centures. But, as far as decomercializing war in an imperialistic county is concerned, it is not only non- senical but also even contrary to the arguments made openly by the legislative spokesman of finance capital when such an important imperialist necessity as a navy “second to none” was being author- ized by Congress through 750- Million-to-a-billion-dollar naval and airplane construction Vinson Bill. In the main, the War Policies Commission recommended a con-) stitutional amendment “to elimi- nate all doubt concerning the ex- tent of the power of Congress to prevent profiteering and to stabi. lize prices in time of war.” that amendment is passed, the Commission recommended a pro- gram which should “be adopted governmental policy in order ef- fectively to minimize the profits of war and to distribute its burdens and sacrifices equitably” (hear! hear!) This program, its sponsors @nneunced, would seek to prevent @nyone receiving a “profit due to the war” (that is, anything above the so-called normal rate) by the imposition of a war-time revenue Jaw taxing individuals and corpo- rations “95 per cent of all income bove the previous three-year aver- pge, with proper adjustments for capital expenditures for war pur- ‘poses by existing or new indus- tries.” cerning its conception of distribut- ing the war-time “burdens and sac- tifices equitably,” the Commission Tecommended “that no constitu- tional amendment to permit the taking of private property in time of war without compensation be considered by the Congress.” The allowance for “proper ad- justments for capital expenditures for war purposes by existing or new WALL CAPITOL ~YMOUR WALDMAN————— Until | To remove all doubt con-| DATLY WORKER, STREET’S| | “rhe Impoverished Parents Pay $274 for Burial of Slain C.C.C. Youth R WALDMAN By CARL REEVE The Nye-Vanderberg reso- (NOTE—Abe Yankowitz, 18- ion into the practices of | year-old C.C.C. member from New of the “de- of the manu- attempt sideration Oly r to divert reads abitably ng boards in- ime which their own to a decla cial records, espe- Graham cially Committee reports mental greed on and cor ne he business government, Fortunately, however, many thou- sands of workers, a good number of them veterans, understand that it is better to prevent one ship from leaving port with guns and powder designed for the slaughter of workers in other lands, than to wait for or believe in ten thousand “investigations.” Down Tools May First! Engineering Workers to Picket N. Y. Plant; Ask for Workers’ Aid NEW YORK.-—The strike at the! Teleradio Engineering Corporation. 58 Wooster St. which began April 11 for an increase in wages, con- tinues wil the utmost militancy despite numerous arrests of ers: |on the picket lines. The boss of the plant is now at- tempting to bring in scabs in taxi- cabs. To stop this the Radio and Metal Workers’ Union has organized mass picket lines at the struck establishment at 8 in the morning and 4:30 in the evening. | The strikers issued a call yester-| day to workers in all industries to come to the picket line and help them win the strike. Painters Union Gets Results in New York | NEW YORK.—The drive started Monday at the Alteration Painters | Union to organize the unorganized shops for a struggle to improve the Company, at @ meeting Thursday| conditions of the painters is already showing its fruits, A strike involving painters on at least 50 houses was declared against the Dinsmore Real Estate Co. The painters working for this company were getting $4 and $450 a day. | On the first day of the strike the | boss on one of the jobs was offer- | ing to settle for $6 a day, but the men refused to go back and are demanding more. The union locals are located as | follows: York, was brutally murdered by the C, C. C. foreman of the camp at West Gallatin, Mont., last July 13. The C. C. C. authorities al- | most immediately released from jail the foreman, George Satriana, who beat young Yankowitz to death. (In the affidavit of Irving Steinberg, describing the murder, which was printed in an earljer edition of the Daily Worker, the foreman’s name was incorrectly spelled Santiano). The ©. C. C. authorities put Satriana back on the job as foreman of the camp. | They had the case postponed in the Grand Jury. “They spread rumors that Yankowitz had died of heart failure. The case comes again before the Grand Jury in Cheyenne, Wyoming, next month.] ae oe NEW YORK.—The family of Abe Yankowitz, C. C. C. youth mur- dered by the camp foreman George Satriana, has been denied funeral expenses for their murdered son vy the U. S. government, and have ad their compensation cut to $4.65 month. The U. 8. government ed Yankowitz’ impoverished par- venting to pay $274 for the cost of canery and the imp: icability of | burying the youth who was mur- understan or supervising cor-| dered by the C. C. C. foreman. The poration accounts, headquarters of the Ninth Corps That is the difference between | ATe® office of the Commanding Gat Ge eased Kee General, presidio of San Francisco. a en 4 raha >| through a letter signed by A. J. and file demanded and what they | vecnrystal, acting sistant ad- . fot from their leadership and the jutant general, and dated Jan. 30, 1934, informed the parents of the slain Yankowitz, “I am directed by the commanding general to acknowledge receipt of your letter inclosing receipted bill for $274 cov- ering the burial expenses of your son, Abraham Yankowitz, and to inform you that the expenses pay- able at the place of internment of a deceased C. ©. C. enrollee are! limited to $50. In view of the fact that the bill for funeral expenses has already been paid by you, the matter of reimbursing you in the amount of $50 has been referred to the war department for decision. Upon r pt of reply, you will be further advised.” “Cause Unknown” Not only did the C. C. C. and the U. S. government refuse to pay for the funeral of the youth slain by the C. C. C. foreman, but they also refused the family of the mur-| dered youth any decent amount of compensation. N.Y. Laundry Workers Vote Strike for Higher Wages, Closed Shop NEW YORK—Workers at the Columbus Laundry, at a shop meet- ing Thursday night, voted to strike rm commesonernet sk A ARONERED T8 A cme UNITED STATES EMPLOVEES’ COMPENSATION COMMISSION WASHINGTON March 10, 1934 Me. Lonie Tancovi ten 1382 Boston Road } Yew York, New Tork, Dear Sir: | | Referring to your clais for compensation of account of the death of / Yoer son, Abraham Tansovitch, former neaber of the Civilian Contereation | Serpe, Gallatis, Montana, who was fatally injured July 13, elata jean approved and an award of 9.47 per month made to dependent parent, fo: unless you die, that time, 1933, your | ya ae 8 | © period of aight years, daginning July 14, 1933, | AFT] OF conse to be dependent prior to the expiration of ‘The Independent Offices Approvriation Aes for the flees) year ending lednction of 15 per ent from all vewmente of Commenaation set of Septerder 28, 4 to Pebreary inelusive, went forward te mn pod Sgr acag a you on oF about March 7, brag Reh aay of compentation cavering the period July 14,1933 ‘This letter should be retained by you as evidence of the avard which ‘bas Deon made and the instructions herein carefubly complied with, in order to insure the making of proupt payments. The parents of Abe Yankowits, eighteen year old C. C. ©. youth | who was brutally beaten to death in the camp at West Gallatin, Mont., by the ©. C. ©, foreman George Satriana, have had their compen- sation ewt to $4.65 a month. The $25 of Yankowitz’ $30 a| injured July 18, 1933, your claim has month “wages” had gone to support | been approved and an award of $5.47| his parents. The families of all| per month made to you as a de- C. C, C, youth are taken off relief) pendent parent for a period of eight | Was Murdered by C.C.C. | slain C.C.C. youth, told the Daily | | fave out press statements | Statements that Yankowitz was “dis- ; tify the killing. when their sons are sent to camp. Yankowitz was slain by a C. C. C.| foreman. His death certificate read} “cause (of death) unknown,” but had admitted that he died of “frac-| tured skull” and cerebral hem-| orrhage, duration ten hours.” He! died after the ©. C. C. foreman,| Satriana, had brutally beaten him! to the ground with heavy blows| about the head. But the U. S. government, while) protecting Satriana, cut down the| compensation paid to Yankowitz’) impoverished parents to 12 cents a} day for eight years. The letter of| |the United States Employees’ Com- | “injury” consisted of Yankowitz be- years, unless you die, marry, or cease to be dependent prior te the expiration of that time.” $4165 A Month This letter signed by W. R. Car- penter, chief claim examiner, says that Abe Yankowitz was “fatally in- jured.” It does not say that this | ing beaten to death by the C.C.C. foreman Satriana. The letter con- tinues: “The Independent Offices Appropriation Act for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, requires | & deduction of 15. per cent from all | payments of compensation under} ensation Commission, dated March| ‘2 Employes’ Compensation Act of 10, 1984, to Abe Yankowita' father,| September 7, 1916, effective trom Louis, states, “Referring to your, July 1, 1933. Your compensation claim for compensation on account| Checks will be decreased according- of the death of your son, Abraham|ly, and subsequent to July 1, 1933, | Yankowitz, former member of the your monthly compensation will be | Civilian Conservation Corps, West at the rate of $4.65 instead of $5.47.” ‘Gallatin, Montana, who was fatally, The C.C.C., ruled over by the US, 'W YORK, SATURDAY, APRIL 21, 1934 U.S. Gov't Refuses to Pay for Yankowitz’ Burial Japanese Toiler Hits | =a Tokyo Lies Spread Foreman; Parents Are Penniless ‘War Department, took Abe Yankow- itz from his friends and neighbors! in New York, took his family off | relief, gave Yankowitz’ and his fam- ily $1 a day for burying himself in the Montana forests, and then the| C.C.C. foreman brutally murdered | him. And now, the U.S. Govern-| ment grants Yankowitz’ parents} $4.65 a month as “compensation.” | Slandered Dead Boy Harry Yankowitz, brother of the | authorities | after Yankowitz was killed in which they | said that he died of heart failure, | and that he had been sick from} heart trouble. This is not true. My| brother Abe was a member of the Harriman Institution Boys Club, at 10th Street and Ave. A. He was an| excellent swimmer and won a medal | in a competition at this club for) winning the 50-yard backstroke. He was never sick, and wag in excellent health. When he entered the C.C.C. camp he was given a rigid physical examination, which showed him in| Perfect health.” At the time Yankowitz was killed, the ©C.C.C. authorities gave out Worker: “The C.C.C. obedient,” and other slanderous statements, which attempted to jus- | Harry Yankowitz | said, regarding these slanders: “Abe went to public school 40. He never had any trouble. He was very well liked in the neighborhood. He| was never fired from a job. He worked for the A & P Co, under Walter Turnball, as a hetper in the store. He was a good worker.” C.C.C, members who were at the camp in West Gallatin, Mont., told the Daily Worker that Captain John Cunningham, in charge of the camp, is a habitual drunkard, who| was drunk much of the time while in charge of the camp. He also} took part in wild parties at the| camp, together with other officials | of the camp, bringing prostitutes into these parties. He more than once pulled a gun on the C.C.C.| members while drunk. The killing of Yankowitz, and the shielding of his murderer, the 0.0.0. foreman Satriana, should serve as a! warning to all young men who are now asked by the Roosevelt gov- ernment to “enroll” in the cmap. This case gives the lie to the bally. hoo and publicity of the “New Dea! ers” regarding the “great benefits” to be derived in these camps. By Real Rank & File Action |By a Textile Worker Correspondent) ager about the complaints of the | PASSAIC, N. J—Company offi- | | stretch and split shifts. The com- | | unless their demands of increased | cials of the United Piece Dye Works | wages and recognition of their union | in Lodi, N. J., with their suckers, are carried out by the bosses of the |foremen and town police, are help- Columbus Laundry, ing to organize the A. F. of L. Workers of the Universal Shirt night, joined the Laundry Workers | Industrial Union and drew up de- mands for enforcement of the New| Workers in the shop—to come in| York State minimum wage law of 31 cents per hour and a 45-hour week. Strike action will be taken if the demands are not heeded. | . * . As the fourth week of the Spic and Span Laundry workers’ strike rolls in, ranks of workers remain {union in that plant, and are dis- tributing leaflets for the meeting of the A. F. of L. union. The shop nuclei of ithe National | Textile Workers’ Union got on the job immediately and organized jmasses to the A. F.-of L. mecting |and to expose the fakers in the ; ranks. | The workers responded and the meeting was well attended and the members of the shop nuclei with the | orgenizer of the N-T.W.U. asked these fakers why they are trying to | breek the United Front of the work- \ers. These questions were very hot | Brownsville Local—1440 East New solid in mass demonstrations in the | for these traitors and they could | York Ave. Brighton Local—3200 Coney Island | Ave., near Brighton Beach Ave. Williamsburg Local—6s6 Flu: Ave., one block from Broadway. These locals have regular mem- bership meetings every Monday night at 8 p.m. ing LATEST EFFORTS ARE ONLY | By L. MAGYAR We recemmend the following with | articles to our special emphasis, because it gives an extremcly interesting and devastating account of Trotsky- ism, in its historic development readers to establish factions within the during thirty years from a species ranks of Bolshevism. Since 1927, | of opportunism to a counter- | Trotskyism has ceased to be a fac-| | revolutionary current, — The | tion of Communism. It has sought Editors. to establish its own groups in all me 3 : countries. This undertaking has | THE path of the proletariat leads’ not been successful. And this uh- |* through tests, set-backs, and dertaking will not succeed. The sometimes even through defeats to “Sometimes defeats ter revolutionizing than an easy victor} x taught us. But Trotsky wants to be the political beneficiary | jof the unavoidable failures and |temporary defeats of the proletariat jon its way to final victory. He be- | stirs himself, he wants to found a |mew “Communist” Party in - many. He wants to derive poli 1 profit from the temporery victory of Hitler-fascism in Germany. He | wants to cook his political broth in the flames of the Reichstag fire. He wants a new International—the fourth “In‘ernational.” He pro- jclaims, that it is the task of the | proletariat in the west to fight for | bourgeois democracy. He prociaii that it is the task of the proletar in the east to fight for dem |for bourgeois democracy. T only one country in which he favors | that country is the | Soviet Union. That Trotsky is no | holshe no Leninist, is clear. | Trotsky is a Trotsks But the lrole of Trotskyism ip today quite re ii |tevolt, and |different from of historic | | Trotekyism. Nat ty, Trot ism today has its roota in historic Trotskyism. But Tvrotskyism has Trots ‘y and His “Inte fight to have their demands met by the company bosses. Dewn tools May 1 against fas- cism here and abroad, for the release of Thaelmann and all im- | prisoned anti-fascists! not answer them, so the workers decided to leave and have a meet- ing of their own, where they would take up this. shop problem and elect a committee to see the boss. The committee was elected with organizer of the NTWU and went to the shop to speak to the man- * | | mittee demanded a six hour day |to take effect immediately. The bosses did not want to talk to the organizer, because he does not work at the plant, but seeing the deter- | mination of the committee, soon changed their minds and the or- | Sanizer was allowed to take up these grievances. About two hours later | this system was inaugurated and |all workers got six hours a day. | Heretofore they worked 2-3-4-5 hours a day. This marks a victory for the N.T.W.U. and shows to the rest of the workers what could be done if all workers would realize their | strength. All United Piece Dye workers should attend their weekly meetings held every Saturday at 2 pm., at 62—3rd St., Passaic. CAB DRIVERS FORM CLUB NEW YORK—Cab drivers from the Melrose vicinity, who played a militant part in the last strike, or- ganized a club. A constitution will A. F. of L. Leaders Kill Evansville Strike in Servel Plant! EVANSVILLE, Ind. April 20—| After 3,000 workers at the Servel company had voted at a mass meet-| ing on April 17 to strike, leaders of the local A. F. of L. succeeded in putting down strike action by tell- ing the workers a strike was not) necessary, and that the National Labor Board would enforce their de- | mands. The Servel workers have ex- perienced National Labor Board ac- tion before. An election was to be held April 4th. The Servel manage-| ment telegraphed the National Labor Board, and the election was | called off. The local Central Labor Union has come out publicly against the Work- ers Unemployment Insurance Bill, H. R. 7598. Many workers have ex- pressed their indignation with this action, STRAP COMPANY WORKERS STRIKE NEW YORK—Workers of the Lasko Strap Company, 125 Canal St., commenzed picketing the shop yesterday following a vote taken to be voted upon at their next meet- ing, April 24, at 8:00 p.m, at 135 Avenue C, strike for increased wages and rec- ognition of the Independent Novelty Workers Union. ‘in Columbus; Many Among Negro People Explodes False Claim That Japanese Imperialisn’ Is the “Champion of the Darker Peoples” | EDITOR'S NOTE:—The follow- ing letter is from a Japanese worker in response to Comrade Briggs’ exposure in the Daily Worker of March 3, 1934, of the activities of Japanese imperialists and their agents among the Ne- gro masses in this country. $9 Fine If You Don’t Attend 8, P. May Day Meet, Say AF L Heads NEW YORK — Devising a method whereby they can force workers to attend the Socialist Party May Day demonstration, the officials of the Brotherhood Of Painters, local 261, sent a state- ment to all its members to the effect that: “. .. according to the decision of our local, every member must participate in the May Day dem- onstration. All the painters locals are taking part in it. A fine of $9 will be imposed on those who will not be in the parade.” Relief Cut 25 P.C. (From a Japanese Worker) IT want to state here that Jan: jis an imperialist state, and whal jever we heat from Japane | statesmen or their agents is an ex- pression of imperialist policy: the policy of exploitation, suppression, lynching, hunger and war. I state here specifically lynching, because Japanese imperialism not and Formossan people in its brutal in 1919 and 1923, etc.), but also |lynches native: Japanese workers, especially their militant leaders, Negro people and all darker races | throughout the world, can you be- | lieve the monstrous lie that Japa- |nese imperialism is the champion and protector of the darker peoples? As an honest Japanese worker, I do not. Not only myself, but millions of Japanese toilers shall hurl back such a lie into the faces of our bloody rulers. Jobless Are Evicted Police Attack with In- colonial rule (massacres of Koreans | structions to Shoot; Workers Resist COLUMBUS, 0., April 20—The Columbus bosses’ government cut relief 25 per cent, in addition to cutting many of the 13,000 out-of- work families off the relief, and be- gan a savage eviction campaign. The question was raised of a) United Front of Unemployment Council and Unemployed Leagues in order to fight against such condi- tions. The League officials didn’t want one, © On March 31, the United Front If Japanese imperiaiism exploits, starves and lynches its native Japa- nese workers as well as others of the darker peoples they get their hands on, can different treatment for the Negro people be expected at the hands of the Japanese im- perialists? Those who think so, are believers in myths. Those who know better and still talk of Japan as defender of the darker peoples are not only betraying the Negro people. but doing the greatest harm against the Japanese workers, as well as against the struggling work- ers of all lands. The Negro workers should drive such agents of Japa- nese imperialism out of their ranks, Plinders and Oppresses the Darker Peoples The Japanese imperialists raise the false slogan: of Pan-Asiaism while plundering Formosa and Ko- rea to the bone and now plunder- ing Manchuria and reaching out to | seize all of China. Why? Because ing his furniture when ten police-| they seek to use all fectors in the men drove up with police cruisers, international situation for their a furniture truck and an ambu-| ims, against China, against the was born at 485 City Park Ave. A worker, C. W. McGuffin of the | League, had been put out on the} street. He was “advised” to stay there, so there he and his family, stayed, and at that it was better than going to the vermin-infested Salvation Army Flop House. League and Council members were guard- |lance. The workers massed solidly | Soviet Union and also against their about the furniture and more cops imperialist rivals for the plunder were sent for. Flying dishes and a| of China and mastery of the Pacific. kettle of hot stew broke up the Their pretense of “defending” the attack. darker peoples is nothing but a More cops arrived. Two boys were | War aim. They say they are “for the | beaten, more dishes broken, One / darker races,” just as Roosevelt and hundred policemen charged among ; Thomas said the N. R. A. is for the the workers, blackjacking right and; workers, but in reality they seek ta left... * [benefit their brutal. self-interests Monday night, April 2, League |#nd to make a goat out of the Ne and Couneil niece jammed the/ 8 people. This is the policy of al: | City Council. Représentatives of both organizations spoke. Wednes- day, April 4, a demonstration of |League and Council, called by the Unemployment Council, was held before the State House. From the hundreds of demonstrators a committee of five, three Council members and two League members, | invaded the headquarters of the Ohio Relief Commission. Facts, figures and demands were hurled at Ned J. Boggs for one hour. A United Front Committee of Unemployment Council and Unem- ployed League, together with all unorganized unemployed, met on Sunday, April 8. Delegations from organizations of employed workers | are joining with the workless. The entire working class will continue to struggle for relief jobs for all at 60 cents an hour for 30 hours a week. Thirty per cent in- crease in relief, no more evictions, no more police terror, endorsement of the Workers’ Unemployment and Social Insurance Bill HR 7598, ssed through a considerable his- vical evolution. Already in Lenin's lifetime, Trot- sky openly fought against Lenin's policy. Since 1923 he openly op- posed the Bolshevik policy and tried Trotskyist groups decay before they | haye taken shape. Nowhere, in no country, has Trotsky succeeded in bringing under his influence any group of workers, Now Trotskyism hopes that Hit- |ler’s victory in Germany will help in the formation of a few Trotsky- \ist groups. Perhaps it will manage to gather some booty on the battle- |fields of the class war. Trotskyism has become a pillager, a hyena on |the bat‘le-fields of the class war. Leninism In what did historic Trotskyism consist, and wherein did it differ from Bolshevism? This question has been so often answered, that it is truly superfluous to ask it again. But it will perhaps not be altogether uséless to show sme of the characteristies of Trotskyism. ism in its evaluation of the char- jacter and the driving force of the |revolution in Russia, even before 1904-1906. At that time the Men- \sheviks proclaimed that the revo- |jution in Russia would be a bour- |gois revolution, under the leader- hip of the bourgeoisie. |sheviks stated that the revolution | would indeed be a bourgeois-demo- cratic revolution, but that this Trotskyism differed from Lenin- | The Bol- | CONTINUATION OF A LIFE-LONG STRUGGLE A revolution could succeed only under the hegemony of the proletariat, that it would establish a revolu- tionary-democratie dictatorship of the working class and peasantry and grow into the proletarian revo- | lution. Trotsky represented the view that the revolution would be a prole- tarian revolution. He set forth the theory of the “permanent | revolution.” Marx also held that |the Communists must declare the |“revolution in permanence” and |the Belsheviks also were for the | Permanent revolution, but they did not want to leap over the unavoid- | able stages of this revolution. They held the view that the bourgeois- democratic revolution could suc- ceed only as an alliance of the proletariat and the peasantry under the leadership of the proletariat. Trotsky underestimated the revo- lutionary potentialities of the peas- antry and considered that it was a counter-revolutionary force, which must inevitably enter into conflict. with the proletariat after a victory of the revolution, Trotskyism differed from Lenin- ism in its relation to oportunism. Trotskyism itself is a species of Menshevism, of opportunism. For that very reason it considered that | opportunism was a legitimate move- ment within the working class. For the Trotskyists, the Mensheviks |Were “erring brothers,” and not agents of the class enemy within the camp of the proletariat. Bol- shevism on the contrary recognized opportunism as an agency of the bourgeoisie within the camp of the working class, as the main social support of imperialism. In ques- tions of organization, in the vital ‘questions of party structure, Trot- | | GAINST LENIN; NOW LEADS THE COUNTER-REVOLUTION rnational” to F; ight the Communist International skyism never understood what a Bolshevik Party is. It favored the legalization of groups, groupings, and factions within the Party, and really never understood that the Bolshevik Party was a Party of a new kind, the Communist vanguard of the proletariat formed in a single mold. Trotzkyism conceived of the party asa Noak’s Ark of move- ments, groups, and sub-groups, and not as a party molded in a single unit, democratically centralized with iron discipline, Trotekyism actually took over Kautsky’s theory in its appraisal of the principal elements of Im- perialism. It favored the theory of “ultra-imperialism,” the theory which has led from “organized capitalism” to the theory of “eco- nomi¢ democracy.” Trotzkyism at- tacked and still attacks the basic law of imperialism, the law of un- equal development, and denies that the law of the unequal development of Imperialism makes it possible for the proletariat to scize power in one country, consolidate that power, and, in possession of power, to build a socialism in one coun- try. The counter-revolutionary theory of Trotzkyism consisted in asserting that the Russian revolu- tion was condemned to collapse and defeat if the world revolution did not come to its aid in time. Trot- zkyism struggles against the build- ing of socialism in one country, by covering itself with seemingly radi- cal phrases about the world revo- lution. This means disbelief in the inner force of the Russian revo- lution, disbelief in the possibility of maintaining the alliance between the proletariat and the peasantry, disbelief in the possibility that the proletariat can lead the peasantry | on the path of Socialism. These are a few important char- acteristics of Trotzkyism, although with them we have of course not exhausted the, characteristics of Trotzkyism. Trotzky took a Cen- trist position on the national ques- tion, and it was not without reason that at the time of the World War Lenin classed him with Kautsky, Martov, and the other Centrists, Particularly on the national ques- tion. During the war, Trotzky supported the false, non-prole- tarian, half-pacifist slogan of “Peace Without Annexation and Tribute,” thus finding himself close to Wilsonism. The Bolshevists, with Lenin at their head, proclaimed the slogan of turning the imperialist war into civil war. Trotzky fought that slogan. During the World War the Bolshevists, with Lenin at their head, already sponsored the forma- tion of a Federation of Soviet-Re- publics, which would arise from the revolution. Trotzky set up the counter-revolutionary reaction- ary slogan of “The United States of Europe.” At every great turn in the class struggle, Trotzkyism was in a position opposing Lenin- ism. It became a faction of Com- munism only for a time before the October revolution. Trotzky’s Bourgeois-Defeatist Theory But today we are interested not in Trotzkyism in general, but in those roots and characteristics of historic Trotzkyism which explain Trotakyism of today. Before the war, Trotzky advanced’ the anti- the so-called great cycles. This theory stated that capitalism moves not only through industrial cycles, that is from depressions to average activity, from average activity to Prosperity, from prosperity to crisis, as Marx had shown, but that capi- talist production also moves in “great cycles” which last 20 to 30 years. According to this theory, there is a long rising trend of the market, within which a series of industrial cycles develop, and then a long downward trend of the market follows. ‘Trotzky thinks that this great downward trend be- gan in 1914, and it follows from this theory that after this falling trend a long rising trend must again set in. This theory means the denial of the general crisis of capitalism, and from this theoretical position Trot- zkyism adjusts itself for a long period of proletarian defeats. Without this bourgeois theory, which was developed in.the Soviet Union by the counter-revolutionary Professor Kondratyev, it would be difficult to understand the present position of Trotzkyism. Trotzky expects, not a sharpening of the general crisis of capitalism, but a long rising trend of business, which must soon begin and which is to mean a long period of bourgeois rule. Hence—not a new series of wars and revolutions, but a long period of capitalist stabilization! This is the economic-theoretical position of Trotzkyism, politely stated. From this theory of historic Trotzkyism. there follows the traitorous defeatist attitude, the expectation of defeats, on the part of Trotzkyism, ‘ Marxist, anti-Leninist theory of (To Be Continued.) imperialists. 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