The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 20, 1934, Page 6

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 1934 Page Six Daily A TANTRAL ORGAM COMMUNIST PARTY U.S.A. (SECTION OF COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL? “America’s Only Working Class Daily Newspaper” FOUNDED 1924 PUBLISHED DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, BY THE COMPRODAILY PUBLISHING CO., INC., 13th Street, New York, N. Y. Telephone 0 E ALgonquin 4-7954. FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 1934 Wage Differentials in the South COUNCIL of class war was held in Bir- mingham, Alabama, comprising 300 of the leading Southern exploiters Wednes- day. ‘heir main consideration was to smash the growing strike wave of South- ern coal miners for higher wages, and to prevent this strike from spreading to other industries against the wage differentials between North and South. The N. R. A. codes, and President Roosevelt specifically, legalized the wage differenti: South. Southern and Northern capitalists, whose interests are interlocked and interwined in textile, coal, iron, roads, use the lower wage scales of the South to play Northern against Southern work- ers, and Negro against white. There is a double differential, both recognized by the N. R. A. First there is the differential which keeps the wages of the Negroes in the South lower than that of the white workers. Then there is the differential that holds wages of Southern workers below those of Northern wage slaves doing exactly the same work. The purpose of the differentials is to keep the standard of living of the whole American working class at a low level. The lower the Southern capi- talists can drive the wages of the Negro worker, the cheaper is their purchase of white labor power. If the Southern and Northern bosses can keep the differential of the Southern workers down, they can always drive the Northern wages towards the level of the Southern differentials. It is not, as the capitalist press tries to make out, purely a matter of the South. The Northern textile manufacturers are heayily interested in Southern plants. During the years 1923-1927, $100,000,000 of Northern textile capital migrated to the South There they found cheap labor, low living standards, which they exploited to the utmost. By this means, they were able to drive the living standards of both Northern and Southern textile workers down to starvation levels. The N. R. A. perpetuated this method of hitting the whole working class and t: ing to keep them divided on race and sectional lines. The U. S. Steel Corporation, with its subsidiary, the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Co., follows the same practice. It has set up its feudal empire in coal, steel and iron ore. It rules over the workers with the power of life and death. The company towns are absolute domains of the Morgan steel trust. Here wages for miners and steel workers doing the same work as their Northern brothers is kept down, and is now legalized by Roosevelt’s steel code, endorsed by the A. F. of L. officials. 'HE Southern coal miners, Negro and white, took up the cudgles against the differentials, and de- spite their U. M. W. A. leaders, who work with the bosses to enforce the slave differentials, went out on strike. Fearing a general coal strike throughout the country, the N. R. A. granted both Southern snd Northern miners certain concessions on April First. The concessions still kept the differentials in existence. But the Southern bosses, closely inter- locked with Wall Street, the Morgan steel and coal empire, declared war to the death against any at- tempt of the miners to narrow or abolish the dif- ferential wage. That warfare has reached the stage of the most bitter and cruel terror against the Southern coal miners and steel workers, Four companies of the national guard have been sent against the miners. One Negro mincr, who militantly stood his ground on the picket line, was outrageously slaughtered by deputy gun thugs of the Morgan steel trust. The Southern coal operators are now negotiating with General Johnson to widen the differential. The whole history of the New Deal shows that these Southern exploiters, related by ties of gold to the ‘apitalists of Wall Strect, will achieve their objective nd will get the aid of the Roosevelt regime. The battle of the Southern workers, their mil- tant fight, is a struggle of the whole American working-class at its weakest point. If the Southern REVOLUTIONARY TRADITIONS OF TRADE UNION STRUGGLES SPUR PREPARATIONS FOR MAY DAY nd keep the 6 n a wedge dards of the to m united wage diff id immedia a he tely s Id be y, Alabama, a e murder of miners al bosses have declared war, even the workers who are fighting the h they work. The whole must take up this chal- p this fight as their fight, and te the miserable, low ‘d imposed by Wall St. nst troop ship- against t 21e Southern cless United Action for HR7598 RESSED by the rank and file member- ship, the New York City Committee of the Workers Unemployed Union, on April 13 endorsed the Workers’ Unemployment | and Social Insurance Bill (H.R. 7598). This action is significant chiefly as proof of the growing mass support for the workers’ bill. T-*2 leadership of this organization which con- sists, in the main, of Socialist Party leaders, rene- gades from Communism (Lovestoneites) and lead- ers of Muste’s American Workers’ Party, did not want to endorse the workers’ bill. For many weeks this leadership has refused to come out for H. R. 7598. But the rank and file membership has finally forced them to endorse the bill. | The chief concern of these misleaders, such as David Lasser, the socialist leader, Harris, the Muste- ite, Wel and other Lovestone followers, has been to prevent the workers in their organizations from | 1g through any united action with the “Inem- | ployment Councils, and to stifle any militant fight for the demands of the unemployed workers. In the very act of forming the Unemployed Union, Lasser and other leaders of this organiza- tion, split their followers away from, and refused to take part in united front action with such fight- ing organizations as the Unemployment Councils and the Relief Workers’ League. Lasser and the other leaders of the Unemployed Union kept their followers out of the united front actions of the un- employed against C. W. A. firing, refused to take part in the Madison Square Garden meeting and the City Hall demonstration of March 31 against C. W. A. firing and for adequate cash relief. Earlier, | when the rank and file followers of Lasser forced | him to take part in the united front demonstration at Union Square, Lasser refused to speak for the Workers’ Unemployment and Social Insurance Bill | (H. R. 7598), saying he was not familiar with its | contents. It took Lasser and most of his fellow leaders | of the Unemployed Union many weeks to “become | familiar” with the contents of the Workers’ Bill. | He finally was forced to act by the demands from | the membership in the locals. The Daily Worker hails the action of the rank and file in forcing this action for the Workers’ Unemployment and Social Insurance Bill, The Un- employment Councils have called for a united fight on a local scale for the bill, H. R. 7598. The next step is to cement the united front struggle for the Workers’ Bill in the neighborhoods. The Workers’ Bill (H. R. 7598) has been sent to the locals of the Unemployed Union. Now what is required is not only a formal endorsement, but an aggressive, united campaign for the bill’s enactment. Unity in | the locals, of the workers in all of the unemployed | organizations, Unemployed Councils, Workers’ Un- | employed Union, and all others, will advance the | fight to wrest from Congress, real unemployment | insurance. | The rank and file in the Workers’ Unemployed | Union, which has shown such splendid working class solidarity, and such fighting spirit by forcing en- dorsement of the Workers’ Bill, should now take the next step, to set up neighborhood united front actions through their locals in the campaign for the bill's enactment. These united front actions can be extended to include not only the fight for the Workers’ Unemployment Insurance Bill, but also the demand for jobs and for more relief, and other demands for which the unemployed workers, no matter what their organization, are desirous of fighting. Lasser and the renegades now leading the Work- ers’ Unemployed Union have shown that they are trying to prevent such a united front of the rank and file, a united front on the relief jobs and in the neighborhoods, They attempt to have narrow “demonstrations” with delegations composed of top leadership only, and not based upon rank and file local struggle of the masses. The rank and file in the Workers’ Unemployed Union must watch these isleaders, and over their heads, carry through the securing cf solidarity and unity in the fight of the unemployed in New York City. (Continued from Page 1) |gogic appeals and through this| Negro toilers, etc., irrespective of effect upon the workers of this country. The workers are in larger numbers becoming aware of the threatening danger of fascism and weaken the resistance of the work-! their trade union and political af-| sng class. Similarly with the grow-|filiations. Such a united front, to} ing danger of fascism and a new|be effective, must, however, be| | imperialist war the necessity for|based on the program of the class; winning the working women for the | struggle and carry on the most stub-| struggle, especially imperialist war. They have shown union front, for the trade | born fight against every labor bu- becomes more urgent this by rallying in support of the/| than ever. workers’ struggles in Germany and Austria, and to a lesser degree to the) Seviet Union—Powerful Example revolutionary struggles of the masses | in Cuba. What is important for toward winning the masses is bring- 4s to point out how this danger is) ing forward the example of the So- becoming more menacing in the U.! viet Union. Here is the land where S. and that the leaders of the A. F.| there is no unemployment, where of L. and the Socialist Party are,| wages are constantly rising, where just as in the European countries,|the workers have full freedom, preparing the way for fascism here! where there exists full freedom for through their splitting of the work- all minorities. Why? Because there ing class, through their class collab-| the working class is in power. Be- oration policies through their back-| cause the workers and peasants in ing the fascization measures of the) the Soviet Union smashed capital- New Deal. i and are through their own ef- It is necessary to rally the work-| forts building Socialism. This les» frs in struggle not only against the} fo Be Me beoueny Home to. every, | worker, to every trade unionist—the attacks of capital on the living |}... ; standards of the employed and in Nee} of setugellne for Soviet smployed workers, but also in the ER Struggle against fascism and im-} More than ever, we must oppose perialist war. As part of this task/the splitting policy of the capital- we must especially exert every ef-|ists and their agents by the broad fort to fight for the needs of the| and basic united front of the work- most exploited and oppressed, the|ers. In every shop, in every in- Negro toilers, and through the | dustry, we must establish the fight- united actions and black and white, ing united front of the. workers deal a blow to the whole program| against the attacks of capital, for of the capitalists. It is also neces-| Wage increases, for shorter hours, sary for the trade union militants without reduction in pay, for the averywhere to take into considera-| right to organize and to strike, ‘ton in every action, in every strug- | against injunctions, against com- tle the special needs of the young| pany unions, for the Workers’ Un- workers whom the capitalists are} employment Insurance Bill (H. R. @specially trying to win with dema-'7598), for equal rights for the ‘ ween Sy reaucrat. Finally, in our preparation for May Day we face the test of ex-| and no politics in the trade unions. | |The acceptance of such slogans | Means in reality to accept the poli- tics of the capitalists. We must | show to the workers that the logic | |of the struggle for even the most | elementary needs of the workers |leads to the struggle against capi- | talism, that the workers must pre- |pare themselves for this struggle, and that the Communist Party is the only Party of the working class| which fights both for the immedi- ate interests of the workers, and |at the same time prepares them |for the abolition of the whole sys- |tem of capitalist exploitation. | For a united front of struggle against the Roosevelt program of hhunger, fascism and war prepara- | tions. | For struggle against the social | fascist A. F. of L. and Socialist lead- | ers—payers of the road to fascism. | For a broad united struggle with the A. F. of L. and Socialist work-| ers, our class brothers, in the fight} against capitalism, For the revolutionary way out, for the destruction of capitalism—of | N.Y. Anti-Nazi Conference S Mass Arrests Are Prelude to Vienna May Ist Workers Preparing for Demonstrations and Strikes VIENNA, April 19. — The energetic preparations of Aus- trian workers to turn May Day into a mass anti-fascist demonstration, and to respond to the call of the Communist Party for a gene! strike against the Dollfuss-Heim dictatorship have thrown the fa government into a state of alarm. This is accentuated by the ad- mitted fact that less than four per- cent of the Austrian workers have joined the fascist trade unions, after the outlawing of all other trade unions. despite the fact that stav- ing out of the fascist unions carries serious economic disabilities. A new terror wave, with mass ar- rests, is the fascist answer. alone. Hundreds of arrests are being made in all the industrial and political centers of the country. As a counter-demonstration, Doll- fuss has ordered that 20 children to an official “May Day” demonstra- tion in the Vienna Stadium. The children’s parents are not to be consulted. Greek Railwaymen Political Protest NEW YORK.—Dispatches from Athens, Greece, report a complete tie-up of all railway traffic in Greece for 24 hours, in protest against the provisions of a “work- ers’ insurance Jaw.” The nature of the law against which the railway- men have carried out a general po- litical strike is not indicated in the dispatches. The report also states that the garrisons of Athens and its port, under arms until further no‘ and that fascist leaders are at- tempting to organize a coup, Land, Sea, Air Forces ‘Collect for Practices Battle in Canal Zone CANAL ZONE, Panama, April 19. |—Giant submarines moved toward here from the South to “defend” the Canal Zone against the armada of the U. S. fleet, the greatest ever | to engage in any naval battle, in a 36-hour battle maneuver. Air and land forces, the First and Fourth Coast Artillery Regiments, |the 33rd and 14th Infantry Regi- ments and Army Air Corps, are par- ticipating in this “peacetime” dis- | play of military power. | practice in defending this strategic position. | Chinese in Cuba Plan Anti-Imperialist Meet HAVANA—The Chinese Anti-Im- | perialist Alliance of Cuba is calling a convention of all Chinese anti-im- | perialists in Cuba, to take place in the month of June. | The Chinese Anti-Imperialist Al- |liance of Cuba, which is collecting | funds for the heroic struggle of the | Chinese workers in China, has al- ready sent thirty dollars to the Chinese Red Army. In Guantanamo, Cuba, the Chinese Anti-Imperialist Alliance together with other Cuban workers took up | the fight of a worker from Jamaica, discriminated against because of his | being a Negro, and demanded his | reinstatement on the job. More | |than 200 workers were arrested in| ja single day last week in Vienna | The army, navy and air fleet need | | from each school class must be sent | | In General Strike. |Tie Up All. Traffic in| | Piraus, have been ordered io remain’ & e, | Vas MEAT FOR THE BLUE BUZZARDS! by Burck S oviet Workers: Farmers Plan For Great May Day Celebration (Special to the Daily Worker) MOSCOW, April 19.—The work-| ers and collective farmers of the} et Union are in the midst of preparations for the celebration of May Day. Many factories are developing competition for the right to be the! Gangsters Attack | Militant Students City College N.S.L. Hits Suspensions | NEW YORK.—About 30 hoodlums | attacked fifteen student members of the City College chapter of the Na- tional Student League after an out- door meeting on the corner of 138th St. and Amsterdam Ave. Wednes- day night to protest the suspension of two of their classmates for par- ticipating in the anti-war strike on April 13. The hoodlums, who were not stu- dents of City College, attacked the students as they were walking away from the meeting. A policeman who was standing nearby laughed as the hoodlums heckled the speak- | ers and turned his back when they attacked. Several students were badly beaten | up. Yesterday afternoon the N. S. L. downtown branch of C. C. N. Y. met. in an open-air meeting in Madison Square Park to protest the arbi- trary suspension of the editor of the school newspaper, The Ticker. Speakers hit the terroristic rule wielded by Dean Moore and urged the students to unite in protest. Two students, arrested by police last week for distributing strike leaf- lets, will come up for trial today at 10 a. m. in the 57th St. Court, between Lexington and Third Aves. | worker delegations from other coun- first in the lines of march, and to peak from the tribune about their achievements. Many factories are inviting groups of collective farmers to the May Day celebrations. Some factories are preparing to hold international entertainments in proletarian soli- arity with the participation of | tries. | Celebrate Socialist Competition May Day this year will be cele- brated with special reference to the fifth anniversary of the institution of socialist competition. This great idea of Lenin was carried into prac- tice for the first time in 1929 on the initiative of Comrade Putin, a worker in the “Krassny Viborjets” factory in Leningrad. The Moscow Soviet has approved the plan of decoration of the city for May Day celebrations, in which the most prominent artists of the red capital are taking part. Since many streets and squares have been excavated for work on the new sub- way, special attention will be given to the illumination of the derricks over the pits. There will be illumi- nated slogans and emblems carried by airplanes overhead. Open-Air Theater Performances Decorated open-air stages for mass performances by the Moscow the- aters are being built on the chief squares. The shop windows will contain exhibits of the architectural plans for the reconstruction of the city, and new pictures by Soviet artists. Each square and main street will carry out a special theme in its scheme of decoration. In Red Square the theme will be the dictatorship of the proletariat; in Revolution Square, the defense of the Soviet Union; in Pushkin Square, culture and the press. The workers of the Moscow elec- tric apparatus plant are showing great resourcefulness in the artistic decoration of the city for May First. Barricades Go Up As Police Attack oa SPP) Sees ee AFL, TUUL, Independent Unions Join. United Conference for May 5 in Irving Plaza Hall NEW YORK.—A call to establish a strong, unified anti-fascist. movement, em- |bracing all organizations jand individuals opposed te |Hitler fascism and the growth of fascist organiza- tions in the United States. was is- sued by the United Anti-Nazi Con- | | ference Committee, 870 Broadway. The conference to unify this | movement in the New York Metro- politan area will be held Sunday. | May 5,-at noon, at the Irving Plaza | Hall. Already 65 organizations have sig: nified their readiness to actively participate. These include the fol- lowing A. F. of L., independent anc !'T. U. U. L. trade unions: United Neckwear Workers Union. Dry Gocds Workers Union, Needle Trades Workers Industrial Union, Bonnaz Embroidery Union, Amal- gamated Food Workers Union, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, Steel and Metal Workers Industrial Union, Build- ing Maintenance Union, Millinery Rank and File of United Hatters Cap and Millinery Workers Union, Independent Carpenters Union, Waterproof-Garment Workers Union of the International Gar- ment Workers Union, and the Trade Union Unity League. Nine Workmen's Circle branches, the Workmen’s Sick and Death Benefit Society and International Workers Order branches, Anti-fas- cist organizations, many language workers’ clubs, including the French, German, Chinese, Scandinavian, | Jewish, and many religious, philan- i thropic, cultural and other organi- zations are joining in this broad united front against Hitler fascism “For over a year,” the call states ‘the Hitler fascist government ot lies, suppression, brutality and ex- Danish Seamen Many Hurt in Drive to. Smash Strike of the | Marine Workers | | COPENHAGEN, April 19—Barri-/ cades were thrown up in the water- | as police carried out an armed of- fensive in an attempt to break the strike of Danish seamen and fire- men. Police opened their attack on a mass meeting in solidarity with the striking seamen, and in_ protest against the ptlice terror. Many were injured, several seriously, among them some of the attacking police. The struggle continued outside the hall, and when massed police forces swarmed into the waterfront neighborhoods, the workers threw up barricades to defend themselves. The police sent trucks crashing through the barricades, and many more workers and police were. hurt in the struggles. A one-day general strike at Es- bjerg, in sympathy with the strike, paralyzed the whole city. The re- formist leaders broke the strike after one day, however, using the police attacks in Copenhagen as the pretext. Sterilization to Be Made Constitutional NORMAN, Okla., April 19—The so-called constitutionality of Okla- homa’s sterilization program, will soon be tested, due to the action of two of the nine women who were yesterday sentenced to this opera- tion, The fate of three thousand in- mates of state mental and penal in- stitutions is expected to hang upon the decision of the courts in which the action is taken, ecution has continued in power in Germany. Thousands of men, wo- men and children, have been brut- ally mistreated. The concentration camps are filled with trade union- ists, pacifists, Socialists, Commu- nists, Jews, and even Nazi storm troopers who dare to oppose the fascist regime, which is inflicting torture and even murder upon in- nocent men and women. “All rights of labor have becr | front sections of this city last night|denied by the Hitler government and the unions have been destroyed Women in fascist Germany have. lost their hard won equality with men and today are being subjected |) to the savagery of the middle ages i Culture has been uprooted and aq vicious campaign of anti-semitism has been launched against the Jew- ish people, forcing thousands oj them to leave their native Ger- many, committing them to slow starvation. “The Hitler government, with it: forced labor, accentuation of na- tional hatreds and militarization, & driving headlong into another im- perialist war,” the call continues. Summarizing the four-point pro- gram suggested for the conference, the call lists: 1, To aid all victims of the Hit- ler Fascist regime. 2. To arouse public opinion and action against the Hitler Fas- cist government and against the spread of Nazi propaganda and organization by Hitler agents and supporters in the United States. “No time can be lost. We must unite our forces and act at once against the growing menace of fas- cism! We call upon every organi- zation opposed to Hitler Fascism to elect delegates to the United Anti- Nazi Conference May 5,” the call concludes. a Down tools May 1 against im- perialist war and for the defense of the Soviet Union and Soviet China! Ever As Italian Crisis Deepens By ERVOLI 'HE recent fascist plebiscite in Italy was a shrewdly planned and organized attempt of fascism to in- One of the greatest weapons| Posing the false slogan of neutrality| fluence the worker and peasant masses of the country in a period when the situation is very serious, in a period when the discontent and indignation of the masses are in- creasing from day to day. Italian fascism also seeks to im- press international public opinion, to give it an exhibition of power which at the same time might serve to accelerate fascist development throughout the world. But this sec- ond purpose is secondary to Mus- solini’s urgent need to dazzle, with a “stunning” electoral success, the worker and petty bourgeois masses, in order to attempt to put a brake on their radicalization, to paralyse their movements. Critical Economic Situation The gravity of the Italian situa- tion arises first of all from the ray- ages of the crisis in the country’s economy. Italy's international trade has dropped in five years to one- third of what it was; the export in- custries are largely idle. The fascists have been compelled to admit for three years the existence of a mil- lion permanently unemployed. The Soviet power—for a Soviet U.S, A.! Down tools on May First state budget has had an admitted deficit of three to four billions, and Struggles Greater Than} Rising Struggles In Background of Italia the public debt is more than 100 billion lira! And all this despite the fact that wages have been cut on the average from 40 to 50 per cent, despite the fact that practically none of the unemployed receive any relief! Class Struggle Within Fascist Organizations How can wages be further cut, after slashing them already 40 to 50 per cent, when the indignation of the masses is growing, and the num- ber of mass actions, all of them starting with the defense of the workers’ living conditions, continues to increase? Let no one imagine that in fas- cist Italy the class struggle has been suppressed. The mass movements develop in a different manner than in other countries, The fascist ter- ror has seriously weakened and ham- pered the leading role of the Com- munist Party and the red trade unions. The terror puts a brake on the militancy of the masses, but the development of a mass movement continues nevertheless, seeking to utilize every possibility offered by the very organizations of fascism, as does the Party in its mass work. New Wave of Struggles In this field, some new events have been recorded in recent weeks. Economic demands of the work- ers have been raised openiy in some of the great assemblies which the fascist burocrats arrange for the purpose of spreading their “corpor- ative’? demagogy to make prop- CY aganda for their “theory” of class collaboration which they borrowed from social-democracy. This has occurred in Rome, Bol- ogna, and elsewhere. In Turin, in a mass meeting called by the fascists, the elementary economic demands of the unemployed were raised. Many Spontaneous Actions At the same time, the wave of small actions which burst out spon- taneously, sometimes without prep- aration, in the factories and the vil- lages, a wave which began to rise jast year, continues. It is accom- panied with a constant increase of what fascism calls “individual turns,” that is to say, individual protests by the worker against re- ductions in his wages. At times, these actions develop into violent outbursts of po} anger, as in the instance a few days ago in the South, when the muni- cipal hall was invaded by rebellious workers. Through the plebiscite, fascism sought to show the masses that it is still strong, “extraordinarily strong,” that it fears nothing. How Voting Was. Forced In reality, its fear is demonstrated by the very method by which the so-called “popular consultation” was erganized. In order to vote, each voter received two ballots, one for “Yes,” the other for “No.” The two ballots are different! The first is tri-colored, the second is white, and the difference is easy to see even voting takes place in the presence of the armed black-shirts, who fill} the whole polling place. In a whole series of places, parti- cularly in the countryside, the masses were led to the polling booths n Plebiscite @ | Mass Intimidation Was Fascist Effort to Stem Unrest by fascist guards, who put the bal-| Maintain a resistance to fascism / when the slips are folded And the lot in their hands and watched them until the whole job was done. “Vote No” Was C.P. Slogan Despite this, our Party had issued the slogan of voting “No,” and not the slogan of boycotting the elec- tions, which would be a slogan of capitulation and desertion. The manner in which the fascist terror raged in the two months pre- ceding the elections demonstrates the fascists’ fear bec! et sal Turin, the arrests an al 5 of February; hundreds and hundreds of workers, comrades out of prison, former socialists, non- party workers were thrown into “preventive” prisons in all the great industrial centers and in the coun- try, without any charge being made against them. Despite all this, the call of the Party reached the masses; in many places it aroused en- thusiasm. Socialist Leaders Aid Fascists The campaign organized by the fascists around this plebiscite will have its repercussions in the ranks of the social-democracy, Many for- mer social-democratic functionaries took part in the fascist campaign of the glorification of the “corporative” regime. Some well-known elements, have gone over to the pro-fascist organization, “Problemi del Lavoro” (Problems of Labor), In the cadres of the social-democrats in emigra- tion, demoralization and disarray | grows greater and greater. Before. the threat of an explosion of mass. indignation, a new layer of social- democratic leaders is preparing to: give its help to fascism in a still more active manner than before. Great Task of Party 3 But what is equally sure is that the steady increase of mass indigna- tion against the fascist dictatorsh} cannot be halted. It will accelerate to the degree in which our Party succeeds in linking itself to the masses, in leading them, in carrying their present struggles for partial demands forward toward greater and more radical struggles. Our task is very great, and not easy. But in 1929, at the time of the first fas- cist plebiscite, the correct position and the activity of our Party have given the signal for the renewal of the activity and struggles of the masses. Today, in a far more serious situ> tion, far more tense in every respec we must be prepared for explosions of indignation, for open mass moye- ments, which will have the deepey# who until now had pretended to effect on the situation in Italy,