The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 7, 1934, Page 7

| CHANGE THE WORLD! By MICHAEL GOLD 4HE exhibition of painting by David A. Siqueiros has just closed at the Delphic Galleries in New York. I believe in time this exhibition will assume a historic im- portance as the full stature of this painter is percieved by the art circles of America. Mexico has been the land where the working class revolution first expressed itself in painting, gloriously and completely. What the Soviet Union has done in the moving pictures, the revolutionary artists of Mexico have done in painting. Jose Orozco, Diego Rivera and David Siqueiros might be named as the outstanding leaders of the Mexican renaissance. It is always futile to compare artists, as butchers weigh the carcasses of sheep, or as physicians make: blood tests, etc. Each artist has his own chemistry, and his very faults are often indispensable ingredients of his genius. Orozco has felt the primitive passions of a mass revoit, the horrors, sacrifices and pathos that go with the birth of a new world. His paint- ings have the intensity of Dostoievsky, the same terrible sensitivity to meaningless pain, the sadism, hatred, love and melodrama of the spirit. His is the tortured soul of a modern intellectual who feels too keenly the utter degeneration of the bourgeois world, and can find no salvation except in the healing justice of a new working class world. But the price the workers are made to pay for a better world horrifies this mind, and drives it sometimes to the verge of nightmare and mystic visions. The conflict in Orozco’s mind is exemplified by two murals: the one at Dartmouth College, in which bourgeois culture is symbolized by a@ ceremony of skeletons. A youthful skeleton in academic cap and gown has just. been born, and around his cradle stand the serious and pompous skeletons of bourgeois professors, businessmen, militarists and statesmen. Death is everywhere, repulsive, corrupt and self-satisfied. But in the New School of Social Research in New York, Orozco has portrayed the workers’ International. They are seated monu- mentally around a conference table, at which presumably, they are planning the new world. There are all the races here—Africans, Chinese, Anglo-Saxons, Teutons, Mexicans, Jews, Hindus, Filipinos, Nordics; and on their faces is power and serenity, and the vision of a@ great purpose. ‘They are comrades in a great cause; and’ the harmonies of the world revolution move through this mural, and make it unforgetable. Orozco, like others of the Mexican school, mingles reality with symbolism, and in this group one finds the faces of Stalin, and a Red Army man, and Felipe Carrilio, the martyred leader of the peasants of Yucatan, and other revolutionary leaders. . . . . Diego Rivera ‘EGO RIVERA’S work is too well known to need any further description. His murals in various public buildings in Mexico have preserved in monumental splendor the story of the Mexican revolu- tion. Politically, Rivera has been as unreliable as our own Upton Sinclair; and latterly, he has fallen into the group of Lovestone renegades, those curious people who call themselves “Communists,” yet whose chief activity seems to be in sabotaging and slandering the work of the Communist Party; assisting the red-baiters, the Socialists and A. F. of L. racketeers in breaking strikes influenced by Communism, etc.—all for the most splendid “revolutionary” reasons! But just as, historically, one must take into account the revolu- tionary importance of some of the novels and tracts of the neo- Democrat, Upton Sinclair, so one must not deny the gigantic import- ance to revolutionary art of Diego Revera's murals. He has achieved world fame with these paintings. They are a fusion of Mexican folk-art, the primitive beauty of the Indian peasant soul, glorified and integrated into great intellectual patterns by the hend-and brain of-a painter steeped in-modern»bourgeois, and.fired by the proletarian revolution. * * JT WAS really this revolution that created the painting renaissance in Mexico, and not vice versa, as the bourgeois esthetes sometimes like to believe. Without the revolution they would not have painted anything but the usual stale cubist and impressionist little studio pieces. The revolution forced the painters out into the streets and among the masses; and the new mighty themes forced them to throw aside the little easel canvas and seek for big walis to express the big new themes. * * * * David Siqueires IQUEIROS was one of the chief theoreticians and organizers of this movement of revolutionary painters. A man of terrific energy and courage, he had fought through the revolution, and was first to feel its impact. He had not been in Paris like some of the others, and had no readjustments to make. His art impulse came directly from the aboriginal sources—-the mass life. The Mexican revolution foundered on the rocks of fascism, for various historic reasons, In 1924, fascist students staged a riot against the frescoes Siqueiros was then painting in the College of Philosophy and Literature in the University of Mexico. The frescoes were par- tially destroyed, and Siqueiros abandoned painting, like our own Robert Minor, and plunged himself into the mass movement again, serving as organizing secretary of the militant Miner’s union. Later, he was obliged to emigrate to the United States, where he painted three memorable frescoes in Los Angeles. This work was done on a collective job basis with thirty young American paint- ers under his leadership. Later, in 1932, Siqueiros left for the Argentine, where his restless experimenting mind evolved some really new ideas in this backward and medieval world of painting. . Affected by the industrial life of America, Siqueiros searched for new tools, spray guns and other mechanical instruments for painting, which in turn, as he says, “fertilized their own esthetic expression,” as Marx first demonstrated. Also, Siqueiros now painted outdoors. “We acquired a superior sense of public art. Instead of painting in universities, in public offices and in banks, we painted in the street, under the sun, in full view of great masses of people.” This profound bond with the working masses is revealed in every inch of this painter’s work. The exhibition was unfortundtely in- complete, yet its power was overwhelming. As Eisenstein has said of him, “Siqueiros is the wonderful synthesis between mass concep- tion and individually perceived representation of it.” Here is a painter, I believe, who is destined to be the leader of proletarian painting—a new field sti undiscovered and unexplored, He has that tremendous personal power and mastery that leaders must have; and he has lived the proletarian life for over a decade— on the battlefield, in strikes, in day by day organization, so that it is part of his fibre, and him to find new forms for a new world content. ‘4 TUNING IN WEAF—660 Ke. 00 P.M.—Three Scamps, Songs Tag Religlon in the News—Dr. Stanley ‘Hi Day Dinner, Hotel Commodore; Speak- | ers, Attorney General Homer 5. Cum- s, Governor Lehman, Senator Royal §. Copeland and others 11:00—Olman Oreh. WJZ—760 Ke. 7:00 P.M.—John Herrick, Songs 5—Olsen Orch. 8:00—U. 8. 8:45—The Salesman Recovers Under the NRA—Dan S. Hickey, Commercial Counselor 9:00—Voorhees Orch.; Donald Novis, Ten- or; Frances Langford, Contralto; Ar- thur Boran, Impersonations }0—Duchin ch. 10:00—Use and Growth of State Parks— Office of National Parks; Herbert Evi- Wirth. Assistant Director, te Park U. 8. Marine Sa Real ane Eroblens_sepeeh; Bea-| 10:30-Barn Dance fax, 00 ayton ‘Orch Al Trahan, Come- WABC—860 Ke. dian; Saxon Sisters, Songs; Male! 7:00 P.M.—Michaux Congregation Quartet 7:30—Serenaders .; Phil Cook, Im- 10:30-—Brooklyn Centenary Celebration personations 7:45—Jones. Orch. 8:00—Forty-five minutes im Hotlywood; Musie and Sketches 8:45—The Bard of Erin 2:00-—-Nino Martini, Metropolitan Opera Oreh, 115 P.M.—Sports Resume 1:1$—Harry Hershfield 7:30-—Robbins Orch. 8:00—City Government Talk lg ystirees HM Sun :80-—Talk—Gabriel Heat! fasBring and Orystal—Sketch $:00—Newark Civic Symphony Orch, Philip Gordon, Conductor fmen-Xiational Democratic Club Jefferson Tenor; Kostelaneta 4 9:30—Rich Orch.; Vera Van, Contralto: Eton Boys 10:00—Rebroadcast from Byrd Expedition 10:30—Leaders in Action—H. ¥. : 10:45—Fiorito Orch. 11:15News Reports 2nd Vital Issue | Of the ‘Partisan | Review’ Appears) suns. Te | PARTISIAN REVIEW, No. 2. April- May, 1934. John Reed Club of | New York, 430 Sixth Ave, New York City, 64 pages. Price 26 cents, . * | Reviewed by KENNETH FEARING | ITH its second issue Partisan Review, magazine of the John Reed Club of New York, firmly es- tablishes its importance to revolu- | tionary literature and proves again | its vitality in the dead, meaningless world of the commercial press. Like the first issue, the present | number divides itself almost equally between fiction, criticis: and poetry, Leon Dennen contributes a} particularly terse and dynamic stor, in “The Death of a German Sea-| man.” Almost tabloid in form, its manner of presentation becomes} identical with its substance — the life and soul of a sailor, enigmatic | and even ludicrous until the reve-/| lation of his death at the hand of | Hamburg Nazis—a compact presen- tation that is revolutionary through fact and detail. The fragment of a novel by Isidor Schneider, “Theodore Roose- velt Hyman,” is also, in addition to its richness of character and the promise of wide range in the com- pleted book, a demonstration that writers are becoming more and more acclimated, thoroughly at ease, in the use and not merely the ac- ceptance of revolutionary ideology. “Queen City of the Adirondacks’ by Sender Garlin is an excellent reminiscence of the writer’s boyhood in a small industrial town, the dry wit and simplicity of the memories filled with warm and pointed im- plications, not only of the past, but the present. “The Socialist Band was quite a help to us in our work! : ++ A lot of fellows around town even joined the Socialist local to get free lessons on the trombone or the cornet... When we forced the Common Council to give our Socialist band four of those con- certs, the folks in the local thought it proved what could be done when people stood up on their hind legs and demanded their rights as citizens. But when summer came we were in a jam, because our Soci- ‘alist band could play only the ‘Albania.’ Gib Wendell, our band-| master, had to hire the men in the Elks Band to play for us.” | Tillie Lerner, contributing “The Iron Threat,” another story that is part of a projected novel, is a twenty-one year old Nebraskan and member of the Young Com- munist League. Her prose is highly imaginative—perhaps too much so, at times—but the blend of factual- ism and fantasy is arresting, and usually powerful. ® Poems by Fanya Fess, Alfred Hayes, and Philip Rahy are out- standing-representations of the dif- ferent trends in today’s revolution- ary poetry. Finished in themselves, they also, with the work of others, provide a sound basis for the poetry | of the future. Hayes’ “To Otto Bauer,” a stanza of which follows, is especially effective, demonstrating & strong and flexible talent: Listen. Beyond the watztime river the city glows Ascend your ministerial balcony again Apologize to all these gentlemen The shopkeepers forced to shut their shops four days |The ruined business in the street cafes Her lndyship disturbed the maid in tears | Assure her she can wear her jewelry tonight Then right the chair and calm the chandeliers, Behind the last of windows the last sniper falls The trolleys run the nrovinces sub- dued new order reigns Except for that routine the dark | night hides— The quick and muffled hangings in the prison yards And here—the burials with black holes through their brains, In the field of criticism ganda or Partisanship” Ge Lukaes, cleanly tenes ty Leonard F. Mins, is a thorough and exacting analysis of the concep- tions held at various times of the jhature of “propaganda” as opposed to “pure” art. The article, expos- ing the cause of the weakness that has for some time been apparent in much revolutionary literature, can- not be ignored by any writer. Shorter book notes in Partisan Review are no Jess precise, notably Wallace Phelps’ x-ray of T. 8. Fliot’s critical mythology. PaCS NUR Are you doing your share in the Daily Worker sub drive? Every reader getting only one new sub- shes will put the drive over the ‘DEEP AND REAL” Edwin Rolfe in the Daily Worker THE YOUNG MANHOOD OF STUDS LONIGAN By JAMES T. FARRELL of “Young Lonigan” and “Gas-House McGinty” $2.50 At Ail Bookstores VANGUARD eummeneemees 100 Fifth Avenue, N. Y. C. MADISON SQ. GARDEN s s NGUNG Ban IRCUS ALL NEW THIS YEAR § BIGGER THAN EVER! 1000 NEW FOREIGN FEATURES (including are not strangled by our own tape Betrayer of the Portion of a mural by David A. Siqueiros on the be: Mexican workers and peasants by Calles, Siqueires’ exhibit in his column today, Mexican Masses trayal of the Michael Gold discusses WOMEN WHO WORK, by Grace Hutchins. International Pub- lishers. 280 pages. Price $2 (for cloth); $1 (for board), Fala (ise Reviewed by SASHA SMALL IT IS not very often that a book so fully documented as Women Who Work, so inexhaustible a source | of information becomes at the same | time a powerful indictment of the | capitalist system, and a call to} struggle. Books that are felled with| tables, statistics, percentages and figures even though these figures | paint a ghastly picture of reality, rarely do more than show the} diligence and erudition of the com- piler and becomes another “refer- ence” on a library shelf “to look things up in.” | Grace Hutchins has succeeded by | the simple clarity of her writing and the directness of purpose in not only describing the work and | what they do, but in analyzing “how the brutality of modern capi- talism im its treatment of women workers— underpaid, exploited, ruined in health and then cast out | on the scrap heap of unemployment. and old age—yet modern capitalism itself has created the conditions for women’s final freedom.” Beginning with an introductory | chapter on “Women Under Capital- | ism” Grace Hutchins follows this with a description of what the 10,- 750,000 girls and listed as “gain- fully employed” by the 1980 ce: are doing. Women form 22 per) cent of the entire labor force of the U.S. They are engaged in all but 30 of the 534 occupation groups listed by the census. Among these exceptions are such occupations as boiler maker; structural iron worker; locomotive engineer, etc. While over 3,000,000 of the total number of working women are en- gaged in domestic and personal service there are 12 manufacturing groups where women outnumber men; among them the clothing in- dustry, silk mills, knitting mills, cigar, tobacco and candy factories. An important section of this chapter in the light of the present world situation is one which dis- cuss women working in war indus- tries. “During the imperialist war of 1914-1918 women took so many new jobs that it required 514 pages of close, small type in a government report, just to list in paragraph form the process in which women were actually substitutes for men, The industries ranged from Dlast fur- naces and steel works to logcing camps and saw mills.” The war de- partment is making special studies to determine how women volunteers may be used to the best advantage —in order to release men for heavier and more dangerous duties. The book contains so much material it is impossible here to do more than give a general idea of its scope. In contrast to the misery of the double burden born by wo- men workers who must keep house A Complete Study Gf Working ‘Women in the United States’ and take care of their children; farm women (listed as 171,323 wage earning farm laborers; 475,008 “un- paid family workers’) who have to go out in the flelds, plant, hoe and dig; the miserable lot of the migratory workers who move from crop to crop and from one disease infested camp to the next; the long hours and starvation wages; the bleak existence of the unemployed here is a splendid chapter on women in the U. S. S. R. showing how only under a workers’ and peasants’ government can women achieve real freedom and equality. GRACE HUTCHINS The benefits, social insurance maternity pensions, socialized medi- cine, housing and tenancy, free wo- men in the Land of the Soviets from domestic slavery and give them equality in theory and prac- tise to participate in building, soci- alism. “Women in Strikes of Labor His- tory” is one of the most valuable chapters in the book. It piles in- cident upon incident beginning all the way back in 1824 when the “female weavers struck with the men and walked out of the cotton mills in Pawtucket, R. I.” building up a glorious tradition of women in the emancipation struggles of the American working class, Certain leading personalities stand out, but in the main it is @ procession of ever wider and ever more militant masses battling against terror, fighting for better working condi- tions, higher pay. ‘This chapter leads logically and forcefully to the conclusion of or- ganizing for struggle and the neces- sity for such organization. “Women Who Work” is a splendid book. It should become a weapon in the hands of those who understand the need for organizing the working women in this country. It can arm them with irrefutable information, it can supply them with the neces- sary background, and it will con- vince them by its clearness and directness of the truth of Lenin's statement that “The working class cannot achieve complete freedom if it does not win complete free- dom for women.” PARCHED EARTH, Ry Arnold B, Armstrong. New York: The Mac- millan Co, Price $2.50. $55 Wile ee Reviewed by NATHAN ADLER AN the literary front, too, the fight against sectarianism has developed. Our comrades have begun to insist upon the specific qualities of aesthetic categories in revolutionary literature, and that is good. But a new danger looms. We may become so engrossed in: formal measurements that we will Jose sight of the essential class reality; let us be careful that we measures, These comments are made be- cause certain fellow travelers with whom we have always maintained the most cordial of relations, in reviewing “Parched Earth” for the bourgeois press, dismissed it as a poor book, It is true that “Parched Earth” possesses minor stylistic de- ficiencies; it is true the plot careens dangerously on the verge of melo- drama. But it is also true, and this the fellow travellers seem to have forgotten, that in “Parched Earth” an author doing his first Seats S101 380 Including Tax oon except Saturdavs TICKETS »& Garden, Macz’s and Agencies book has created a revolutionary elass novel. It {s a book, we believe, that exactly because of its melo- drama will find a popular and eager A Revolutionary Chik Novel ~ Of Workers in California audience in the working-class. We would recommend it for required reading, After indicating the origin and development of the small cannery town of Caldwell, first as a Spanish dominion and then during the American conquest of California, the author proceeds to create the lives of the entire town from one fiesta through the year to the next. Their social and class relations rather than their individual psyches grant significance to the characters. A huge panorama absorbs the reader. The Marxian world view with its class values is revealed implicit and inevitable in the images the author has chosen to portray. i se HE one major deficiency in the book is a fault that Armstrong shares with every revolutionary novel published until now. Working- class actions are portrayed as spon- taneous actions. The Communist Party and its work and the lives ot} its functionaries are blurred and vague. We know there is drama in this life too, The reality the author seeks to create could only be en- hanced if an appreciation for the organized role of the working class were indicated. At present we cannot determine whether this fault exists because DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, SATURDAY, APREL 7, 1934 Se Militarist Boek! Whoops It Up For| Karl Liebknecht on Capitalist! | War Preparations CAN WE LIMIT WAR? By Hoffman Nickerson. New York: Stokes, 317 pages. Price 32.75. Re at | Reviewed by MORRIS PITMAN 15 kaw book is part of the prepara. j tion for war, and the mobiliza tion of fascism. It appears signifi- cantly, and under a significant title at the moment when the mos? | gigantie war apparatus is under the war.” slogan of “preventing | whoops of all the jingoes that it is the “best safeguard of peace.” The | | Idea of war, the rousing of jingo- | istic passions, is fomented by Hearst | under the guise of creating a hatred of war through ghastly pictures of war horrors. Just a8 Woodrow Wilson pre- pared to plunge the American masses into the bloody storm of the World War with the slogan. “He kept us out of the war,” so the imperialists who see war as their only capitalist way out of the |crisis are carrying out the mobili- zation of minds with horrible} | cunning. | War is in the air—even for the} reader of the capitalist, press—and | thousands of the middle class are| | uneasily asking themselves what their fate will be, and what is to be| done } It is for them that this book Is| entitled, “Can We Limit War?” | * ‘THE author's thesis runs some- thing like this: War is inevitable. Ancient wars involved few combatants, but “dem- ocratic wars” involve millions. War, as a professional concern, is a fas- cinating science. The next war will not be so horrible as many predict. Fascism (though he does not use the term), will make inevitable war a more “limited” and noble pur-| suit. Only a universal religion (for | which even the basis does not exist, as he admits) would put an end to war. The author is an active and in- terested militarist, with many mili- tary friends, and he lists four rea- sons why the United States might put its armies into the field: 1. “Civil outbreaks, and in par- ticular the world-wide quarrel be- tween capitalist and proletarian.” 2. Invasion of Canada or Mexico. 3. “Should the existing Commu- nist crusade gain headway in Bu- rope ... we might see fit to join | in an anti-Communist crusade.” 4. “Armed support of an aggres- sive foreign trade policy.” | In_ this connection he makes a highly instructive analysis of the National Defense Act, in 1921, and shows that it is based on & plan to mobilize not less than | 4,000,000 men, and that the United States maintains a corps of trained | officers sufficient for an even huger force. It. might. seem that so. rankly | Jingoistic a book, wrapped in its thin cloak of religion, will not impress janyone who js not already as vicious a jingo as the author. But! it is surely significant that the! New York Times selected it for the ; main article on the first page of | its book review section, and that the reviewer handled it as if it were a book about peace. Grace Lumpkin, Garlin, Hays, Maltz, Bard, To |Speak at Symposium | |_ NEW YORK—*The Road to Pro- | letarian Culture” is the subject of a symposium arranged jointly by the City Club Council, composed of the | workers’ clubs of New York City, and the John Reed Club. The symposium will be held this Sunday night, April 8, at 8.30 at 11 West 18th St. Speakers will include Grace Lumpkin, author of “To Make My Bread” and winner of the 1923} Gorky Award, who will speak on Fiction; Sender Garlin of the Daily Worker staff, who will speak on Revolutionary Reportage; Alfred Hayes, on Poetry; Albert Maltz, co- author of “Peace on Earth” on the Theatre; and Phil Bard on Art. Weekly Youth Forum To Open in Chicago CHICAGO.—The Young Commu- nist League, District 8, announces the opening of a weekly Youth Forum to be held every Monday night at 3847 S. State St. The topic of the first forum on April 9, will be “Which Way Out for Ne- gro Youth?” our revolutionary artists are igno- rant of party work, or if, in their self conscious zeal to create a rev- olutionary novel that will not be castigated as “propaganda,” they mistakenly believe it is best to hide the face of the party. If the first reason is true the best thing our writers can do is cease being spec- tators and attach themselves to a| strike committee. If it is the sec- ond reason that motivates our rev- olutionary artists they should be warned that besides making a serious, sectarian mistake they are also destroying the value of. the chronicles they have created. They must realize that the Communist Party and its philosophy is not superimposed upon life. On the contrary it grows from life. We can afford to ask for more humility from our fellow travellers. And we can hail Arnold B, Arm- strong for having writen an en- grossing and moving revolutionary class novel. AMERICAN PREMIERE —— |! CHALUTZIM) (Pioneers of Palestine) with the Habima Players Hebrew Talking Picture of the Workers in Palestine (English Dialogue Titles) This Picture Will Not Be Shoen In Any Othér New York Theatre This Season ACME THEATRE 1éth STREET and UNION SQU, jof arguments. A billion-dollar navy program is| adopted in Washington amid the} soviet Union? EPARBDNESS WEEK has ended and the Man In Khaki has begum to come back in the public eve. April 6th—anniversary |of America’s entrance into the war being | —is at hand built up im all capitalist countries The capitalist world, threshing about in its dying agonies clasps the howitzer—the argument -unto its bosom Far Bastern border of the The Western border of the U. 8. 8. R.? Central Europe? No one knows exactly where, but everyone feels the imminence of a new war. Only the threat of an aroused proletariat and the far- sighted, persistent peace policy of the Soviet Government have thus far averted war. Tt is in such a period as this that the military question—always im- portant—becomes vastly more signi- ‘The |ficant for the working class. At a| time like this, therefore, it is worth- | while to review, in the light of present events, an old proletarian treasure like Liebknecht’s “Militar- ism Liebknecht back in 1906 pro- claimed the principle. That the fatherland for which he (the worker) is to fight is not his fatherland; that there is only one real enemy for the prole- tariat of every country—the capi- talist class which oppresses and exploits the proletariat (p. 36). Defining very clearly and pre. cisely the class function of capital- ist militarism, Liebknecht stated Militarism does not only serve for defense and attack against the foreign enemy; it has a second task, one which is being brought out ever more clearly with the gtowing accentuation of olass an- tagonism « that of protecting the existing state of society, that of being a pillar of capitaliem and | all reactionary forces in the war of liberation of the working class, (p. 38), Huddled in the ruins of the Karl Marx apartments, the heroic! Viennese workers saw this clearly, | as did the Parisian masses demo’ strating against the Daladfer gov- ernment. Ae | IEBKNECHT, by imp|jcation, | showed the difference between | capitalist militarism and the armed proletariat. He clearly implied that | not only ts the class function of a capitalist army different but that the entire internal structure of the army,-its methods of dealing with | the individual in the army, its en fire outiook, is fimdamentally dif- ferent from that of & workers armed force. He showed that under capi- talism military pedagogy is slavish, discipline is inspired by fear, vanity is catered to in a barbaric degree, brutality is common—even neces- sary for the establishment of auth- ority — and that initiative is de- stroyed. With an eye on the Prus-! sian_barrack-room he states: “Thus the reeruits are drugged,” confused, flattered, bribed, op- pressed. imprisoned, polished ami beaten.” Anyone who has seen the Red Army in the Soviet Union and] talked to the Red Armyists, has seen a total lack of the professional soldier outlook. Within the Red Army there is developed in every man a deep consciousness of the fact that he is no armed mercenary but @ soldier of the Revolution. He! is taught a loyalty to the interna- tional working class and oppressed colonial peoples. Within the Red Army the prin- ciple of conscious, subordination works out in actual life. Red Army- ists are ready to do and die, but| they know the reason why. Noting | the lack of distinetion, of an epaulette caste, and the comrade- | ship between officer and rank-and- file, one cannot help but feel the correctness of the implicit distinc- tion that Liebknecht draws between the internal mechanics of the capi- talist army and armed force of the workers. E are defects, of course. A book written before the world! war, under the eagle eye of the Militarism | By SI GERSON Prussian censor, can by no means be entirely satisfactory today. Liebknecht at one point admits, in an extremely tentative manner, as if he did not wish to commit himself too permanently to the idea the remote posribility of Kautsky’s theory of ultra-imperialism. He says (p. 26) “A time may come when the division of the world has pro- gressed te such an extent that a2 policy of placing all colonial possessions in trust for the colo- nial empires becomes feastble, thus eliminating competition . . . But that is a distant possibility which the economic and political rise of China alone may defer for an incaleulable space of time.” The very fact that Liebknecht re« garded ultra-imperialiam only as a “distant possibility” (all this in 1908 when the question was hardly touched upon)—and nothing more— is another demonstration of Lieb- knecht’s political clarity. History | proves that he threw off this deyi- |ation when the world war demon- | strated its falsity. On the very same |page he largely negates Kautsky's theory of a peaceful development of benevolent _ super-imperialism | when he states that | “All the alleged pians for disarm- | ament are thus seen te he for the present nothing but foolery, | phrase-making and attempts at | deception.” | rs ‘ 2 Liebknecht of 1996 said oniy | 4 part (p. 177 | “To do away with militarism or to weaken it as much ae possible is thus a question of vital im- portance in waging the strngele for political emancipation.” This in itself—the weakening of the armed forces of the capitalist regime—was but half. That Lteb- |knecht soon saw the corollary to this—the arming of the proletariat jand the forcible overthrow of the bourgeoisie—is amply attested to by the crime of Ebert and Scheide- mann. But these errors, serious though they are, showed that TDiebknecht had further to go along the path of revolutionary development. His brilliant analysis of capitalist mfi- itarism, that militarism “which attempts nothing less than squaring the oirele, which arms will stand out as the foremost dissection of an insuper- able contradiction of the capitalist order. It will serve as a guide to millions of revolutioniets, pointing jout that the work of an Andre Marty in the French Nawy or 2 Crouch or a Trumbull in the Tnited States Army ie not solely the work of an individual but ts an expression of a standing conflict within modern imperialism. Norman Thomas may croak that the Vienna uprising “shows once | more at what a disadvantage work- ers are against a government . . whose troops remain loyal.” Ths Communist Parties of the world indefatiga’ point that with ble effort it is posstble to win the workers in the armed forces—as the Russian workers and peasants proved in 1917. Capitalism may try to send the sons of coal miners out to shoot down their fathers and brothers on strike, jor to murder “foreign” ntiners’ sons. But this is “nothing less than squar- ing the circle,” something difficult even for capitalist methematicians. And the ceaseless Bolshevik work to win the workers’ sons in uniform to the banner of international work- ing-class loyalty will make tt not only difficult for world capitalism to square the circle, but impossible, Liebknecht’s “militarism” can be an aid in this work. It should be re-issued (it is practically tmpossible to obtain a copy today), properly prefaced and annotated. The In- ternational Publishers would be do- ing a service to the struggle against capitalist militarism by re-publish- ing this old proletartan work, oe le ‘Militarism"—By Kerl Liebkneeht, New ‘York, B. W. Huebsch, 1917. SPIVAK ARTICLE MONDAY The series by John L. Spivak will be continued in Monday's issne of the Daily Worker. AMUSE MENTS NOW ON BROADWAY- The great Anti-War Hit! ‘Peace on Earth’ ‘Thea.,W.ofB' way. Evs. 8.45 44th ST. Matinees Wed. & Sat. 2.40 20 GOOD SEATS AT 50c TO $1.00 GILBERT & SULLIVAN §Ta® CAST ‘aa “THE MIKADO” Week April 9“PIRATES OF PENZANCE” MAJESTIC THEA., 44th 8t., W. eves. 8:20, 50¢ to $2.00. Mats. Wed & Bat. 500 to $1.80 IEGFELD FOLLIES | with FANNIE BRICE Willie & Eugene HOWARD, Bartlett SIM- MONS, Jane FROMAN, Patricia BOWMAN. WINTER GARDEN, B’way & 50th. Fvs. 8.26 Mats, Monday, Thursday & Saturday 2:29 WALTER HUSTON in Sinclair Lewis! DODSWORTH Dramatized by SIDNEY HOWARD SHUBERT, W. 4th St. Evs, 8:40 Sharp Matinees Wed, Pri. & Gat. 2:30 [We ee ar dn ae ALL Opens 11:30 A. M. FRANK 66 29 sucks ““WILD CARGO with FRANK BUCK in PERSON plus s MUSIC HALL EASTER STAGE sHOW Extra! Walt Disney's LITTLE | *X° Jefferson Me &.* | Now FAY WRAY and NILS ASTHER in “MADAME SPY” Also “THE POOR RICH” with ROYALE Thee, 45th 8. We of . Byes, Broadwi Mats, Thursday and RUGENE O'NEILL's Comedy AH, WILDERNESS! with GEORGE M. COHAN MAXWELL, ANDERSON’S New Play “MARY OF SCOTLAND” ]owttn ae PHILIP HELEN HAYES MERIVALE MENKEN N Thea., 52d St., W. of Bow: *™ By.8.20Mats. Thur. 48a) | MUSIC —HIPPODROME OPERA Today Mat, 2:15 MARTHA (Im English) Tonight at 8 ein Alaa Eve, CAVALLERIA & PAGLIACCI ~ 25e-35e-55e-83e-99¢ — \—Box Office open daily at 10 A. M.—| —HIPPODROME, 6 Av.4#43 St. VAn &- ! Philharmonic : HANS LANGE, Conductor This Sunday Afternoon at 3:0 ALL-RUSSIAN PROGRAM Soloist: NATHAN MILSTEIN, Violintst TOSCANINI, Conductor ‘Thurs. Eve. at :43: Pri, Aft. at 2:90 Saturday Eve. 45 (Stndents') GEMINIANI—MOZART KODALY—PAG ANINI—BERLIOZ hi fudson, Mer. (Steinway Piano) SUNDAY MAT., APR. 15, at 8 LITTLE Thes., 244 W. 44th st, vTowerd the Light” (9 new Cycle of 5 Dances} 3