The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 20, 1934, Page 1

Hear Hathaway CIRCULATION DRIVE Daily ,<QWorker New Subs Recelved February 16tht AMERICA’S ONLY WORKING etal 66 debe cccieek Metal oer CLASS DAILY NEWSPAPER CENTRAL ORGAN COMMUNIST PARTY U.S.A. (SECTION OF COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL) ca SD * Riiered as scond-lees mater t the Pow oes wt NEW YORK, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1934 Price 3 Cents Vol. XI, No. 44 Jails Full, Busy, Dollfuss Brags | Of ‘Order Britain Fears Workers’ Anger, Urges Care in Reprisals WOMEN HOMELESS Dollfuss Lies on Radio As Fascism Grows VIENNA, Feb. 19. — With thousands widowed and or- phaned, thousands homeless and hungry, thousands await- ing court-martial in state, prisons as the aftermath of the Austrian state’s war on the workers of Austria, Chancellor Doll- fuss last night broadcast the an- nouncement that “full order has been restored all over Austria.” The courts martial are sitting to- day in every city of Austria, giving summary trials to the thousands of worker prisoners of the state. Workers Leader Veteran of Hungarian Soviets Among them is Koloman Wallisch, leader of a detachment of workers surrounded and captured near Bruck. Wallish is a veteran of the Hun- garian Soviets set up under Com- munist leadership in 1919. Communications between Vienna and a number of towns of western Austria ceased to function at noon today, indicating that the struggle may have flared up again in that region. No figures of the dead and wounded in last week's fighting are to be had. Chancellor Dollfuss’ an- nouncement that only 241 died on both sides is an obvious lie. All es- timates set 1,500 at the lowest, and many go as high as 2,500 dead, with many thousands wounded. In addition to the dead and ded, thousands of men, women id children are missing, and their relatives do not know whether to count theni as dead, as prisoners or as in hiding. Tn addition, an uncounted number of persons lost their minds in the terrific n of the days when they sheilfire in their homes, Ex gland Fears Workers’ Anger LONDON, Feb. 19.—The fear which the bourgeoisie of Europe feels at the tremendous exhibition of solidarity of 's of all countries for the heroic ‘ing class fighters of Austria is reflected in a message in which Sir John Simon, British Foreign Secre- tary, urged Chancellor Dollfuss to be careful in the way he took revenge on \ the Austrian workers. Simon reported in the House of Comm today that he had urged the ne y of “appeasement in the present situation.” * 8 Delituss Lies to U. S. NEW YORK.— Broadcasting from Vienna over a nation-wide network in the Ur States Sunday, Chancel- lor ss, fresh fe horizing the hanging of worker prisoners, as- sured his American audience that his! heart was br n over recent events, and that he was striving to “heal| ‘i | the wounds.” He declared it was not a battle of the working class and the state, but only of a “handful of fanatics.” “I sincerely hope that when the tragic sacrifices of this week have been realized by the people, it will bring them back to their senses and will help to bring about a better un- derstanding and a better feeling even among that small minority of men who started these regretful events,” he said, on top of having imposed on the Austrian work:ng class with ma- chine guns and shell-fire a fascist regime which robs them of all their organizations and rights. To Continue Articles on Austria Tomorrow Due to technical difficulties, the third installment of the article by D. Z. Manuilsky on the theories and pract/-es of Austrian Social- Democracy, which led to the open dictatorship of the Dollfuss gov- ernment, has been omitted today. The series will be continued to- morroy on page 4, as usual. In the Daily Worker Today Page 2 Sports, by Sam Ross Page 3 C.W.A. Workers Carry Through Action for Jebs and Relief Pre-Convention Discussion, Page 4 Letters from Steel, Metal, Auto Workers “Party Life.” “Dr, Luttinger Advises” “In the Home.” Page 5 “Change the World,” by Michael Gold. John L. Spivak in Charlotte, N. C. Nows of Workers’ Schools of U. 8. Page 6 Editorials. Foreign News. ae cs New York, N. ¥., under the Act of March &, 1879, Hangman in Austria’ oe ayy Cee OLUY UL SH, head of the bloody Austrian fas- cist government, who boasts of hanging workers, | Wave of Political General Strikes — Is Sweeping Spain 25,000 Mine Workers Out in Symvathy With Austrian Workers MADRID, Feb. 19.—General poli- tical strikes. against fascist reection in Spain, and in solidarity with the Austrian workers, are sweeping over many parts of Spain. At Oviedo, 25,000 mine workers have | walked out in response to a call of their union, in protest against the State war on workers in Austria. The strike is spreading throughout the province. A general strike which involves many industries and includes the municipal plants, is in progress at. | Mieres. Four hundred strikers who dem- onstrated at the prison at Laviana won the release of two worker pris- oners. Sharp clashes with the police took place at Zamora, where a general strike is in effect. The governor of the province has declared the strike illegal. ‘Trade Group from ‘Austria Lands in US Sneck Off Boat in Fear | of Workers’ Anger NEW YORK.—Sneaked off the 8.5. President Harding at quarantine in fear of workers massed at the pier to express their hatred of the fascist regime of Austria, a trade delegation of five Austrian industrialists and 20 assistants arrived in New York Sun- day nicht and hastened secretly to Washington. The commission is to visit Roose- velt in Washineton, and then to visit several cities, including New York. Wherever these representatives of Austrian fascism appear, workers should gather and in a demonstra~- tion express their protest acainst the murderous regime they serve. Court Sentences Tiala to Six Months; ILD and UFL to Appeal Decision Daily Worker Midwestern Bureau CHICAGO, IIL, Feb. 19.—Alfred Tiala and Jesse Hann, farmers arrested at Warsaw, Indiana, re- cently, in eviction and sheriff's sale came up, were found guilty yesterday. Tiala was sentenced to six months imprisonment and $200 fine, and Hann was sen- tenced to 60 days imprisonment and $100 fine. The United Farmers League and the International Labor De- fense plan to appeal the decision of the court. Viola Tiala was freed. Mellon In On Gov't Plane Graft Companies Got Inside Track on Contracts; Officials Profited (Daily Worker Washington Bureau) WASHINGTON, Feb, 19.—How an Andy Mellon aviation corporation whith had never flown a mile, came in on the gravy in a division of spoils from airmail subsidies which were supposedly restricted to companies having operated six months of regu- lar night flying, was told before a Senate Committee today by former | Postmaster General Walter F. Brown. Brown, the Hoover political coun- terpart of Postmaster General James A, Farley, also explained in a mild tone that he enjoyed a joint stock market account with Joseph Bagley, representative of companies that en- joy government fat contracts for Post Office flooring and other materials. The special Senate Committee, in- vestigating colossal graft in govern- ment subsidies to ship and air-mail operators, heard Brown as the Roose- veli, government placed the operation of air-mail in charge of the U. S. (Continued on Page 2) Oscar Day Freed As LL.D. Smashes Frame-Up of Negro NEW YORK.—Oscar Day was re- leased yesterday from the Tombs as @ result of the mass protests or- ganized by the International Labor Defense and that organization’s smashing exposure of the vile frame- up of the Negro worker by his former employer, the white landlord Max Markowitz. Visiting the offices of the “Daily Worker” in company with his I.L.D. attorney Irving Schwab, the freed worker expressed his solidarity with the revolutionary workers who had rallied to his defense, declared his intention of actively supporting the I. L. D. and told of the attempts of the court to foist a rabid white chauvinist lawyer on him as “de- fense” attorney. When the I. L. D. took over Day’s defense, its attorney, Irving Schwab, found that the court had assigned an attorney from the “Voluntary Defenders, an organization having offices in the Criminal Courts Build- ing to “defend” Day. In a talk with Schwab, this attorney referred to the Negro people as “coons” and “nig- gers” and openly supported lynching. With the support of the court the “Voluntary Defenders” man did everything possible to hamper the defense of Day, whom he had pre- viously advised to plead guilty of Third Degree assault. The District Attorney, confronted (Continued on Page 2) NEW YORK.—Spirited challenges to Socialist competition characterizes the steadily quickening tempo of ac- tivity hy the districts to put the Daily Worker circulation drive for 10,000 new daily and 20,000 new Sat- urday subscribers over the top by May Ist. Challenges are issued by Phila- delphia to Chicago, by Boston to Pittsburgh, by Cleveland to Detroit, by Minneapolis to Milwaukee. The challengers pledge to raise their quotas before this is accom- plished by the districts challenged. Chicago, Pittsburgh, Detroit and Mil- Waukee are asked to accept the chal- lenge through the columns of the Daily Worker, To date Chicago has a decided edge over Philadelphia. Boston is ahead of Pittsburgh. Detroit and Cleveland are about even, while Minneapolis is decidedly ahead of Milwaukee. Cleveland In Cleveland, two sections, 1 and 2, are doing splendid work in the drive. Section 1 has already secured 18 new daily and 7 new Saturday subs on a quota of 60 and 120, respectively. Sec- tion 2 has obtained 15 new daily and 3 new Saturday subs on a quota of Spirited Challenges Quicken Tempo of ‘Daily’ Sub Campaign yet hardly gotten started. What is the thouble, comrades? Section 2, Cleveland, challenges Section 1, pledging to fulfill its quota first. Section 1 received the Red Flag which was carried in the 1919 May Day demonstration in Cleveland for being the best section in the district. Section 2 will try to win this flag from Section 1 by beating it in the “Daily” sub drive. Let’s go, comrades! On Feb. 16th, of a total of 50 new daily subs, Denver sent in 9; Min- neapolis 7; Omaha 6. They led the other districts on that day. But not one new Saturday sub came in! Many sections and units have hardly gotten started in the drive. Immediate intensification of the campaign is imperative. Every new sub for the “Daily” helps undermine the capitalist system, helps rally greater forces for the defense of our fellow-workers abroad against savage fascist terror, and helps strengthen our movement in America in the struggle against the fascist and im- perialist war plots of the Roosevelt administration. To work, comrades! Help spread our Daily Worker! The latest figures on the drive will 45 and 90 respectively. All other sec- tions in the Cleveland district have as be found on top of page 1, left hand corner. Watch the figures every day. & United Front of the Socialist and against Fascism. the floor, after which Comrade Hati against the hunger and war program discussed frankly and thbroughly. The Communist Party extends tonight. out the problems that face the wo! proaching fascist menace to attend The united front of the working It especially urges all So ranks to be broken! to stop this unity! the unity of the working class! the class enemy! By our sincerity, by our comradeship, we will win our to seal with us the United Front aj All out tonight at 8 o'clock to | Build the United Front of the An Open Discussion On; the United Front! HE Communist Party extends a profoundly earnest in- vitation to all workers, especially Socialist workers to attend an open meeting of the Communist Party, 8 o’clock tonight, at the St. Nicholas Arena, 69 West 65th St., N. Y. C. At this meeting, before an assemblage of Communist Party members, together with Socialist workers, and sympathizers of the working class movement, Comrade Clarence Hathaway, editor of the Daily Worker will discuss the burning issues and problems of the Comrade Hathaway will open the discussion with an hour’s speech, | and then the floor will be thrown open to discussion and questions from This meeting tonight is of vital importance. Communist Party on the United Front, every detailed problem which has been raised by the recent events in Austria, the turbulent meeting at Madison Square Garden, all the problems of unity in the struggle We know that the workers who follow the Socialist Party are flesh and blood of our class, they are our class comrades. to the task of winning them to our side, shoulder to shoulder against The meeting will begin sharply at 8 o’clock! Communist workers in the struggle | haway will sum up. The position of the of Roosevelt, will all be examined and | this invitation to all workers, sym- pathizers, and trade union members to attend this open Party meeting cialist workers who want to thrash rkers in their fight against the ap- this meeting. class is precious. It is indispensable to victory over capitalist and Fascist terrorism. We cannot permit our | We cannot permit the leaders of the Soclalist Party | We will not permit any obstacles, any provocation, any slanders, any misrepresentation to discourage us in our fight for And we are dedicated by our fighting revolutionary spirit, fellow workers of the Socialist Party gainst fascism! the St. Nicholas Arena! working class! Hotel Barons Recruit Professional Gunmen WEATHER: Fair, continued | | Hopkins Reiterates Decision to Close All CWA Work by May 1 Daily Worker Washington Bureau WASHINGTON, Feb. 19— Though he reiterated the admin- istration decision to close down the C. W. A. completely by May 1, Harry L. Hopkins, Federal Relief and C. W. A. head, informed the press today that “we'll take care of the unemployed.” When pressed for particulars, Hopkins refused to even indicate |) what he had in mind. Hopkins discoursed on the ad- | ministration “long range plan- ning Unemployment Insurance” which will take care of the “em- ployable industrial unemployed,” || some time in the vague future. However, he had nothing to say unemployment insur- concerning ance for the present unemployed || millions, Amter Urges Fight For C.W.A. J obs | Unemployed Councils Should Launch | United Action | NEW YORK. — A call for | immediate action against the | firing by Roosevelt of an ad-} ditional 572,500 C. W. A. work- | ers next Friday, and the wage cuts on C. W. A. works, was issued yes- terday by the National Unemp! ment Councils, 80 East llth St., through its national secretary, I. Amter. “A broad united front action should | be at once initiated by all Unem- ployed Councils and C. W. A. unions and committees,” Amter said.” This united front action should draw into | the protest against the C. W. A. fir- | ing, especially the members of the} A. F. L. unions, the unemployed or- nanizations not affitated with. the unemployed councils, and all workers | (Six Pages) cold Green Fears CWA “Unrest”; Silent On NRA Scabbing —4 oats Talks of 5-Day, 30-Hour Week, But “Forgets” Increase in Pay PRAISES JO'INSON Workers Wont Take the C.W.A. Firing “Quietly,” He Says By SEYMOUR WALDMAN (Daily Worker Washington Bureau) WASHINGTON, Feb. 19.— Reassuring his employer bud- |dies that he has “no quarrel” with N.R.A. Administrator General Hugh S. Johnson, and | that he has “a high regard for him,” | William Green, President of the A, | F. of L. booty shop, whitewashed the |concerted strikebreaking ‘tactics of the Roosevelt Administration in the | Weirton Steel case, in the course of \his hedged indorsement of the pr posed five-day thirty-hour Connery | BI before the House Labor Com- S. P. Members Invited to Hear Hathaway on United Front Tonight tion to the members of the So- cialist Party, Young Peoples So- cialis; League, and members of trade unions present at Madison Square Garden to attend the open membership-meeting of the Communist Party and sympathetic workers from unions and mass organizations is. made by the New York District of the Com- munist Party. | The meeting will be held te- night, 7.30 p. @ at the St. Nich- olas Arena, 69 West 66th Street. Clarence Hathaway, editor of the Daily Worker, will speak on united front relations between Socialists and Communists. Questions and discussion will follow. Berkley, Mich., City Council Indorses NEW YORK.—A Spécial invita- | | .. | mittee today. Social Insurance vo:se=an4,..© seve x6 uae regard for him but that doesn’t mean I agree with everything he does,” said Green, pointing out that while jhe never acts in opposition to John- |son, occasionally he does disagree— | to blind the workers to his demagogic | knifing. Overlooks Strikebreaker Demands Passage of Workers’ Bill by Congress BERKLEY, Mich, Feb. 19—The City Commission, at the demand of Thowsh fafted ‘i 4 ug] failed the Committee of Action for Unem-| even to ériti¢ize the’ adtnainistration ployment Insurance, has unanimously |for its strikebreaking tactics of or- voted to demand that Congressman | dering two “elections” to see whether Dondero support the Workers Unem-| the Weirton workers want their own ployment and Social Insurance Bill| Union in the face of thousands of CH, B. '7598) affidavits testifying to Weir's Com- 2 “e jpany Union ‘skuldruggery, Gree he conspicuously To Break the Strike | Weasel Duffy, Jimmy Kelly, Benny Epstein in Big | Hotels; Many Have Long Records; LaGuardia Cops Are Wise But Do Nothing NEW YORK.—The hotel barons have recruited gangs of | gunmen, second-story men, sluggers and plug-uglies, many with long criminal and prison records, and have given them the job of running the big hotels in an attempt to break the great strike, which still continues despite attempts of B. J. Field and other officials of the Amalgamated Union to stampede the @strikers back to work. ‘The National Unemployment Coun- | | cil, 80 East 11th St., New York, calls | jon all workers and all workers’ or- | ganizations to send telegrams and letters to their congressmen and senators demanding the immediate | passage of House of Representatives | Bill 7598, the Workers Unemploy- | ment Insurance Bill. Also telegrams | and letters. should be addressed to | Chairman Connery of the House| Committee on Labor, where the Workers Unemployment Insurance | Bill now rests. | The Workers Unemployment In- surance Bill was introduced into con- | gress by Congressman Lundeen, at Amter emphasized the necessity of | tne demand of the workers of Min- xt once building C. W. A. commit-| nesota, but Lundeen is not fighting sees on all C. W. A. projects, and or-| for the passage of the bill. . There is| organizations.” At C. W. A. Offices “The millions of C. W. A. workers will not allow Roosevelt to fire them without a protest,” Amter declared. “Protest actions should be carried out on every job. The National Un- employment Councils calls on all C. W. A. workers to demonstrate at the C. W. A. headquarters, to send dele- zations to the C. W. A. offices, to hold mass meetings, marches and protests sgainst the C. W. A. firing and wage cuts,” For Workers Bill Chicago Coal Teamsters Strike for Pay Raise; Hit All Coal Yards Daily Worker Midwestern Bureau Chicago, Ill, Feb. 19—Several thousand members of the Chicago Coal Teamsters, Helpers and Hik- ers Union went on strike this morning for a 50 cent a day in- crease over the present $7.50 a day; and an 8 hour day for help- ors, and bikevs are demanding a day rate instead of the present piece work rate. Dave Reese, President of the Union, who announced the strike, said it was effective in every coal yard in the city. This was revealed as a result of a city-wide investivation condrcted by the Daily Worker into the strikebreaking activi- ties of the American Hotel Associa- tion. The debonair debutantes in the ritzy peacock alley of the Hotel Astor on Times Square now find themselves fellow guests with the notorious Weasel Duffy and his two under- strappers, Jack Regan and Bill Ebert, the latter a former bouncer at the Mills Hotel, 36th St. and Seventh Ave. Have Records of Crime In the Hotel Plaza there are the (Continued on Page 2) sanizing C. W. A. unions and pro- tective associations wherever possible. Amter said that the demands for the Negro workers, against any form of Jim Crow, discrimination and segregation on C. W. A. work, should be emphatically put forward at all| ‘imes. | Amter called for a mass campaign for the immediate enactment of the | Workers Unemployment and Social Insurance Bill (HR 7598) which is now in’ the House Labor Commit- tee. “All working class organizations as well as individuals should at once send protests to chairman Connery of the House Labor Committee de- manding an end to C. W. A. firing and the immediate enactment of the Workers Unemv!syment Insurance Bill,” Amter said. danger that the Workers Bill will die in committee unless the mass cam- BALTIMORE SEAMEN PROTEST BALTIMORE, Md., Feb. 18.—A tele- gram sent by seamen to the Austrian Embassy at Washington declares: “One thousand Baltimore seamen and longshoremen, in protest dem- onstration against Standard Oil blacklist terror, condemn the mur- derons acts of the Austrian govern- ment. We demand the immediate end of the Fascist butchering of workers, and the full immediate restitution of workers’ rights.” workers came last night in a body to listen to C. A. Hathaway, editor of the Daily Worker, discuss the Aus- trian situation and the United Front in the struggle against fascism at the Brighton Beach, Workers Center, Brooklyn, Obviously shaken by the recent events at Madison Sq. Garden, but suspitious and questioning, the So- cialist workers present at the meeting who greeted Hathaway cooly at the opening of the meeting remained to come forward at the end of the meet- ing to shake his hand to pledge their efforts for a true united front of the working class against fascism. ‘The meeting was one of the largest the neighborhood has ever witnessed, with almost a thousand jammed into every available inch of space, and! with soveral hundred turned away for lack of room, Comradely Discussion a Hathaway, still weak from the ef- fects of the brutal slugging at the hands of trade union and Socialist leaders at Madison Sq. Garden on Thursday, stayed until after mid- night, answering the scores of ques- tions raised by the workers present. He entered into a warm and com- — ® NEW YORK—A group of Socialist COMRADELY DISCUSSION THAWS SUSPICION, PLEDGE UNITY Socialist Workers Greet Hathaway at Meeting part of the united solidarity of the audience, rising to sing the Inter- nationale in a pledge of unity with the workers of all parties in the fight ruling class was speeding the workers into a new world war as the only way out of the crisis for the bosses. He traced the course of the revolution- by any provocations away from the paign for its enactment is intensified. | stated plously: “Either they (Ford and Weir) or the government will win. The government must establish jits supremacy and we're waiting to see whether the government will es- (Continued on Page 2) Machine Guns. on DocksasSeamen’s Strike Spreads “xpect Three Ships. and Coal Trimmers to Come Out Soon BOSTON, Mass., Feb. 19.—Police cordons were thrown around the docks here today and machine guns were set rp as the seomens’ strike, | which began here Friday, spreads ravidly to other ships. The four ships’ crews already on strike were joined today by the crew of the S. S. Severance. Jack Lambert, secretary of the Boston local of the Marine Workers’ Industrial Union and chairman of the strike committee, announced that three more ships are expected to strike late today. The militancy of the strikers is high and pickets are covering all docks. In an attempt to break the strike the shipowners have arranged to have scabs shipped from the govern= | ment C. C. C. camps in New Hampe- shire. Five crews were sent to one ship, which sailed before union delegates were able to board her. Where delegates are unable to get aboard the ships they sre issuing the path of the United Front. Workers Want Unity The final congratulations of the strike call from a bridge when the | coal ships pass through. | It is reported that coal trimmers against fascism. lary upsurge of the workers in capi- Keynote Is Unity | talist countries all over the world and | The keynote of Hathaway's speezh| dealt at length with the German and was the menace of approaching war| Austrian situation. Here Hathaway Socialist workers, after an initial hos-| may join the strike. tility and coolness resulting from the} misunderstandings and the disunity talk of the Socialist leaders, indicates | and the urgent need for unity of all workers, no matter what their politi- cal affiliation, He traced the devel- opments of the crisis and how the related what had taken place at the Madison Sq. Garden meeting and drew the lesson that workers must not permit themselves to be sidetracked NEWARK, N. J., Feb. 19.—A mem- ber of the Socialist Party Executive Committee of Essex County, who ap- pealed for the floor at a meeting of over 600 workers, called by the Com- munist Party Sunday night at Kru- ger’s Hall, to protest the slaughter of the brave Austrian workers, was read- ily granted the right to speak. Harry Lichtman, active Socialist Newark S.P. Executive Member ‘Speaks for Unity at C. P. Meet 600 Protest Murder of Austrian Workers; Hear the Socialist, Communist Workers United Front Appeal organizer, and Harry Gannes, mem- ber of the Daily Worker editorial staff. “TI have heard your appeals for the unity of Socialist and Communist workers,” he said. “I believe we must establish unity. I think your criti- cism of the Austrian Social-Demo- cratic leaders is too sharp. We can still win the governments in some countries by democratic means, For that the Sotalist workers are ready to join the united front of struggle against the menace of. fascism in America. It indicated that {t {s possible through comradely discussion and tient thrashing out of all questions to cement the united front against the Roosevelt war and hunger pro- gram, against the firing of C.W.A. Workers into the streets, against the wage cutting N.RA, codes and strike- breaking labor bwards, against the entire Reosevelt-Wall Street attack against the living standards of the working elass. ‘The meeting closed with the sing- int of the International with all workers, Socialist and Communist, stirred by a richer understandiny of the meaning and methods of the burning need for cementing it in ‘He day to day struggles against capi- | talist Wall Street hunger, exploita- | tion and misery, The entire audience responded to the appeal for funds, and $80 was collected, $40 for the Austrian working class united front, and the| radely discussion with the group of| worker, sent a note to the chairman Socialist workers, who finally dis-|after he bad heard the sp>2~hes of carded all their hostility and became! Comrades Rebecca Grecht, district workers and $40 for the Daily (Continued on Page 3). Worker, Urge bye Workers Fight for Wage | Tnereases, Hours NEW YORK —A. F. of L. leaders in joining the struggle of the retail cleeners and dyers to boost the price ef cleaning and pressing up to the code level of 75 cents a garment, have failed to raise the auestion of higher waves. shorter hovrs and better con- ditions genevelly for. the. workers. The retail men’s stoppage has spread to 20,000 shops, with 30,000 owners and employees stopving work. | They have asked Mayor LaGuardia. | to come in and settle the stoppage. Tt obvious. from the way the Mayor “settled” the taxi strike and his more recent maneuvers .in. the | hotel strike, ‘whereby he is attempt- ing to gei the workers back to. work | without a guarantee that any o! j their demands will be i recognized | that the cleaners and dyers stoppage will be settled in favor of worket's the own-