The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 26, 1934, Page 6

Page Six Dd. ATLY Y WORKER N EW ¥ ORK, FRIDAY. JANU. ARY 2 26, 1934 Daily, QWorker THWTRAL ORGAN aay PARTY U.S.A Sr. OF COMMUNIST INTERMATIONALD ‘America’s Only Working Class Daily Newspaper” FOUNDED 1924 PUBLISHED DAILY. EXCEPT SUNDAY, COMPRODAILY PUBLISHING CO., I et, New York, N. ¥. hone: ALgonquin 4-7954 Tele Subse ription Rates: Bronx), 1 ye 1934 The Party Organizations Must Lead ada DAY news comes from all cities of the firing 4 of scores of thousands of C.W.A. workers. The work ing hours o: C.W.A. workers have b from 30 to 24 and to 15 in towns, cuttin: ages in proportion, The de of Roosevelt 1 the of an additional million on Feb. 15, d tk ion of the entire C.W.A. program before Me The masses of ed workers, cut off from relief re boil- ing over wit arvation by the Roos lemanding jobs and relief ne capitalist politi s are shivering in their boots for fear of the anger of the unem- Ployed. the face of the sharpes tack yet made by Roosevelt on the unemployed work- ers, the development of the broadest united front strug- gle for jobs, for relief and for the Workers Unemploy- ment Insurance Bill, must be ore Party. But the Party organizations are not yet sufficiently alive to the situation. The growing desperation of the unemployed, the need for security, the fact that seven- teen million jobless are abandoned by Roosevelt to starve—calls for the sharpest break with all routine practices, and the immediate mobilization of the masses of the unemployed to struggle for their demands. The sharpened situation calls for a quicker response of every Party member, for the development and leader- ship at once wherever the unemployed are, of a united front struggle against Roosevelt's Hunger Deal. Party members! Lead the fight for: Not one C.W.A. worker to be fired! Every dis- charged C.W.A. man to be immediately reinstated! Every C.W.A. worker to be fully paid for time lost on account of Roosevelt’s order! An end to discrimina- tion against the Negro C.W.A. workers! Every dis- charged C.W.A. worker to get immediate adequate re- lief! Against the Roosevelt slashing of C.W.A. wages to coolie standards! All workers whose C.W.A. time is cut, shall receive full, regular wages! For the enactment of the Workers Unemployment Insurance Bill! In this situation, in at- The Anti-Soviet Poison Of the “Nation” 'HE POLICY of liberalism is always the fig-leaf for the brutal realities of the capitalist dictatorship. This week’s issue of the liberal weekly, “The Na- tion,” once again confirms this Marxian analysis of the political function of bourgeois liberalism. The liberal “The Nation” comments on Hitler's latest labor laws, and with the outraged “innocence” so typical of liberalism, it finds itself surprised, appalled by the harsh tyrannies of Fascist labor law. But it is not this which is the main point. The main point of its editorial note, the note upon which “The Nation” concludes, is that now that the full tyranny of Fascism is revealed, it bares a remarkable resemblance ? The liberal “pro-Soviet en- thusiasts” of “The Nation” give their ready answer— to the labor laws of the Soviet Union! Writes the liberal “The Nation”: “The worker is stripped of all freedom of ac- tion. The right of collective bargaining is denied him. He may not join with his fellows in striking against an unfair employer or against low wages or poor working conditions... Actually, the code saddies upon the German worker all the hardships which his Rus- sian colleague has been enduring.” Iris necessary to inquire why “The Nation” editors find it essential that an editorial on the repressive brutalities of Fascism contain a direct reference of the “hardships” of the Proletarian Dictatorship in the Soviet Union? The answer is to be found in the fact that the American working class, filled with a growing hatred of the Fascist dictatorship of German capitalism, and beginning to draw the lessons of the World-notorious betrayal of German Social-Democracy, which led the Way to the rise of Fascism, is looking with growing sympathy toward the Socialist construction of the U.S. SR. Furthermore, the American working class is awakening to the Fascist fruits which are beginning to blossom from the N.R.A. New Deal in the form of outspoken anti-strike rulings from the N.R.A.-A. F, of L, officials, and in the reactionary strikebreaking of the N.R.A. labor boards. It will not take the American workers long to see the growing resemblance between these N.R.A. activities against strikers, and the Hitler labor codes. In many places they are already begin- ing to see it. ™ And this raises the question in their minds as to the way to defeat the Fascist menace, the growing Fas- cist reaction of the N.R.A.-Roosevelt program. . It is at this point that the world-shaking example of the Soviet Union, with its unparalleled advances in economy, culture and well-being comes before the minds of the workers with irresistible force. It is the ‘ample of the Proletarian Dictatorship which opens fore them the true road out of Fascist reaction, op- esion, wage slavery, unemployment and starvation! “There they have destroyed all the curses of capital- exploitation, the dread insecurity of capitalist ex- nce, with its joblessness and suffering! The natural thought, then, is, why not here? And it is here that “The Nation” rushes in with its” ‘cunning defense of capitalist dictatorship against ie revolutionary example of the Soviet Union! * LIBERAL editors of “The Silene bewail the “hardships” of the Soviet Union. They dare in their Yenom to declare these “hardships” equal to the rigors of the Fascist savagery. "he workers in the Soviet Union suffer the same “hardships” that the German workers feel under the of Fascism, says “The Nation.” ) Was the Five-Year Plan possible, even thinkable, ifit were not for the heroism, the devotion and sacri- fice of the Soviet workers? Could the Soviet Union, faced ‘by a hostile capitalist world, ever achieve the enormous historic strides in culture and well-being if its government were not based upon the deepest loyal- ty and devotion of the toiling masses, if the Soviet tase F } ens ebeoeaeneeoRet coSancsoalorbganntininsa one BY THE 530 East 13th nized and led by our | nmen, they did not feel heir voice, r own will? But what is the main point of “The Nation” slander against the Soviet Union? It consists precisely in this, that “The Nation” is ly conce talist Dictators Soviet Union. real democracy t geois democrac: so beloved of “The Nation,” of Wall Street monopoly capital? Who is it who the economic life of the United States, and ing the class difference between the atorship of the workers and farmers in nich gives the toiling masses more an is even conceivable under bour- What is this capitalist democracy, delibe! controls through it, the political power of the government, if | not clique of Wall Street finance capital? In the Soviet Union, there is the largest and most powerful trade union movement in the world, with 17,000,000 - membe: It is these trade unions, em- bracing the best and most numerous sections of the workers in the Soviet union, who exercise immense in- fluence in steering and developing the life of the coun- try. Even the capitalist-distorted reports of the Soviet Union cannot hide the fact that the Soviet form of government, with its factory councils, its elections in the shops, mines, and farms, gives the toiling masses the broadest working class democracy that exists in the world There are no strikes in the Soviet Union because— and for all their pretended ignorance, “The Nation” editors know this very well —the factories, the wage scales; the working conditions, etc., are in the hands of the workers themselves. They cannot strike against then es. And they have destroyed the capitalist exploiting class, a class which still plunders the masses in America! It is to divert the American working class from the only road that can end the crisis and defeat the menace of Fascism, the road of Proletarian Revolution for a Soviet America, that the liberal editors of “The Nation” drop their touch of poisori against the Soviet Union in an editorial purporting to denounce Fascism. In their fight against the Proletarian Revolution, no less venomous for all its liberal trappings, the liberal editors of “The Nation” inevitably line themselves on the side of those who are paving the way for the rise of Fascist reaction in America, that Fascist reaction, which is growing swiftly out of the Roosevelt N.R.A., which finds in “The Nation” editors such enthusiastic defenders. Another Lynching LL WEDNESDAY NIGHT the bullet-riddled body of a young Negro worker was flung into the face of the oppressed Negro masses and white workers rally- ing to the revolutionary struggle against the growing lynch terror and persecution of the Negro masses, The working class cannot allow this brutal act to go unchallenged. We must answer the white ruling- class by thunderous protests and militant actions, draw- ing new sections of the toiling masses and of all ele- ments opposed to lynching into the mass fight against the fascist lynch attacks on the Negro masses. This latest revolting lynching must serve to em- phasize the necessity for a sustained struggle against the lynch lords, their courts and other instruments of government. It must bring to the attention of every worker that the Scottsboro boys are still held in the shadow of the electric chair and in constant danger of the lynch gangs, despite the overwhelming proof of their innocence. sharpening of the mass fight for the passage of the Civil Rights Bill of the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, and for the enforcement of all its measures, including those calling for the death penalty for lynchers. Their Secret Conference Maisie JOHNSON was hastily called into the cur- rent meeting of the Executive Council of the Amer- ican Federation of Labor in Washingeton to help cap the boiling volcano of protest among the rank and file against the N.R.A. Everywhere there are symptoms of a rising strike wave (anthracite, hotels, agricultural laborers, fisher- men, metal, etc.) against the miserably low wages and intolerable conditions imposed by the slave codes with- out exception. The A. F. of L. leaders find it extremely difficult to use the old lies about the boom of the N.R.A. Too many strikes have been brutally broken by the Na- tional Labor Board and the A. F. of L. officials. The promised higher pay and better conditions have turned out to be fire traps. Now the A. F. of L. officials propose that more of them be given jobs as administrators in drawing up the codes, John L, Lewis is proposed for administra- tor in the coal codes. Here he will be even better able to serve the coal operators in actually slashing wages, imposing still more slavish conditions on the workers. Major Berry of the Pressmen’s Union, is already an assistant administrator to Johnson. General Johnson, as one of the recommendations for Major Berry, de- clared he would not “too ardently press labor's cause.” Berry, an exposed racketeer and strikebreaker, a swindler and crook, is put on as administrator to deal with the conditions and lives of the workers through the codes, These gentlemen will not be “labor” representatives. They will do the bidding of the bosses as N.R.A. ad- ministrators, wearing the label of “labor.” Their very presence on the N.R.A, as administrators will be used to revive the workers’ faith in the N.R.A,, to keep them from independent action, to fill them with hopes while their wages are being cut. Besides, Green talks about “strengthening” the la- bor sections of the N.R.A. He wants the compulsory arbitration and strikebreaking features made more drastic, . . . hes MEASURE proposed is directly aimed at the rank and file and their struggle for improved con- ditions in the face of the brutal inflation measures of the Roosevelt regime. The bureaucracy of the A. F. of L. is being drawn more and more into the government apparatus to act as code administrators, to help directly lower real wages, and then to use their union positions to break strikes, . . . ye OF THIS is in preparation for the coming sharp class battles. Inflation is crushing down still fur- ther the workers’ living standards. Along with the gold bill, Roosevelt, with the help of the A. F. of L. officialdom, 1s perfecting the N.R.A. codes to defeat the workers’ resistance and strikes, to hold real wages down so the big bosses can benefit on increased profits *hrough inflation. No wonder Green wants secrecy! There should be no secret made of it, however, in the local unions. Here is the task of the rank and file oppositions, or militant workers where these oppo- sitions have not been organized: Demand the withdrawal of these strike-breakers from N.R.A. posts! They are placed there as “labor” representatives and in this guise commit the most dastardly crimes against the workers, Smash all the illusions about improvements and amendments of the N.R.A. in the interest of labor! Every change in the codes will be against the workers, Show the only way to defeat Roosevelt's attack. Organize and pre- pare for :#ruggles, to win, by the workers’ own might, iniproved conditions, higher wages and union recog~ nition, in Germany and the Pro- | but the masked dictator- | It must sound the alarm for the | | Austrian ies To SING A SONG OF TEN BILLIONS Try Coup Jan. 30 as | Orders | Dolfuss Raids, | Arrests of Socialist Workers VIENNA, Jan. 25—Austrian Hitler- ites in the fascist Heimwher (Home | Guards) are reported planning a coup} to seize the government on Jan. 30,| the first anniversary of the Nazi |murder regime in Germany. The |Heimwehr is the main bulwark of | Chancellor Dollfuss’ fascist “corporate state.” The defections in its ranks | compelled Dollfuss to appeal to the big powers in the League of Nations to protect Austria’s independence, in the knowledge that France and Italy, especially, are opposed to German {control of Austria, because of its strategic situation in Central Europe. Chancellor Dollfuss yesterday sur- | rendered to the pressure of the Nazis in the Heimwehr for the suppression | | of the Socialist Party, whose leaders | have loyally supported the Dollfuss! fascist dictatorship, and resumed raids | on Socialist headquarters. Thirty So-}| | clalists were arrested, and the raids} | are continuing. The government | claimed to have seized secret Social-} ist arsenals, including 3 machine guns, 60 rifles and 20,000 rounds of infan-| } | try munitions. Undoubtedly, the main | reason for the raids is the growing | | revolutionary struggles of the Social- | | ist rank and file, who are increasingly | Joining the anti-fasciss United Front ef the illegal Austrian Communist | | Party, thus creating the fear among} the bourgeoisie that their lackeys in| leadership of the Socialist Party | | would not be able much longer to} | block the revolutionary struggle | against fascism, | The Austrian Hitlerites are de- manding the immediate dismissal of those Socialist leaders who are in the | government apparatus, It was indicated yesterday that Britain. would back the protest of| France and Italy against the ac-| Austria, which includes the shipment | of arms and explosives to the Aus- trian Hitlerites, Hitler has not answered the recent | protest of the Austrian Government against these activities, but it is un- derstood he will reject as “unfounded” | the Austrian ‘complaints. Meantime, a Nazi broadcast from Berlin de- clared that the only basis for peace between Austria and Germany was/ the coming to power of the Austrian National Socialists, Foreign News Briefs nad Jugosiav Cabinet Resigns BELGRADE, Jugoslavia, Jan. 25—| The Cubinet of Premier Milan Sersh- | kich resigned today as a result of j Sharp differences over finance and | police policies in the deepening eco- nomic crisis and on the question of | extending recognition to the Soviet Union, The resignation will take effect at the conclusion of the conference of the Little Entente states at which joint action with French imperialism against Germany is being considered. se 8 Japan Orders War Material in Czechoslovakia PREHA, Czechoslovakia, Jan. 25— The Brno arms factory, a subsidy of the huge Skoda works, has re-em- ployed 1,000 workers as a result of large war orders from Japan and South America, aggregating $4,000,000. |soldiers of the Cuban tivities of the German Nazi regime in| * Powers Plan Action! U.S. Aids Mendieta HAVANA, Jan. 25.—Rank and file | Army, dignant at the Mendieta-Batis sell-out to American imperial! ploded ammunition at the Mencada military post at Santiago yesterday causing considerable destruction of war material. Several soldiers have | been arrested for “examination.” Fifty more Machadist army officers | were released today as the Mendieta government sought to strengthen its reactionary base The medical workers strike con- tinued in full rength today as} strikers, under the leadership of the | Cuban Communist Party, defeated the attempts of a group of physicians | to betray the strike by agreeing to a 30-day truce with the government. The strikes of electric and other workers continue, despite\attempts by the government, directed by U. S. Ambassador Jefferson Caffery,\ to | break the strike struggles, t48-2, 8 Grau informed representatives of the Mexican press that the U. S. had refused to recognize his ref because he refused to pay the Ghase National Bank a loan it had made to Machado. | HAVANA, saa 24,—Cuba yesterday answered U. S, r of its puppet Mendieta gov: storming the principal store in this city, shouting slogans against U. S. imperialism The Mendieta government, true to its pledge to protect Wall Street in its brutal exploitation of the Cuban workers nition | ment by | oolworth "|masses, ordered troops to disperse the demonstration. The troops fired into the crowd, seriously wounding several workers. The demonstrators dispersed, but immediately re-assembled and stormed another branch store of the Woolworth Company. While these events, symbolic of the hatred of the Cuban masses for American imperialism and its Cuban in- | Vehicles Being Rushed to Pogranitchnaya on} Roosevelt ‘s Birthday cave isciis Wickens 3 in! Japanese Spike All ton th Stormy Protests as Harbin For Drive on U.S.S.R. by Burck ‘Mass ss Meetings ‘Against War, Monday Night. Browder Speaks Same Night in Newark and New York NEW YORK.— Workers, students intellectuals, opponents of war, will meet in St, Nicholas Arena Monday night to hear the report of the united front delegati of the American League Ag: War and Fascism, who will place anti-war demands that day before President Roosevelt and other administration executives in Washington. Speakers at St. Nicholas Arena will be Earl Browder, General Secretary, Communist Party; Dorothy Detzer, Executive Secretary, Women’s Inter- national League for Peace and Free-¢ dom; J. B. Matthews, Chairmant American League Against War and Fascism; Leroy Bowman of the Ex- ecutive Board of A. F. of L. Teachers Union and Vice President New York Urban League; Harold Hickerson, Secretary, Workers Ex-Servicemen’s | League and Dr. Addison T. Cutler of Columbia University, chairman. | The United Front Committee which | will go to Washington consists of Dorothy Detzer; C. A, Hathaway, |Secretariat, Communist Party; Marty |Fox, Executive Secretary, League for Industrial Democracy; Ella Reeve |Bloor, United Farmers League; Prof. |H. W. L. Dana, Boston American League; Maxwell Stewart, Foreign |Policy Association; James Lerner, |Youth Section, American League; lA. A. Heller, Friends of the Soviet Deas | Union; J. B. Matthews, Chairman of {the American League; Charles Zim- jmerman, Local 22, International | Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union; Louis Hyman and Irving Potash, |Needie Trades Workers’ Industrial |Union; Monroe Sweetland, Intercol- |legiate League for Industrial Demo- jeracy; Francis A. Hensen, Secretary, [American League Against War and |Fascism; Rudolph Tieger, Rockaway Burcdk Soviet Border HARBIN, Jan. 2 |Army has seized all lable auto- | mot le trucks and other vehicles in , | Harbin for shipment eastward to | Pogranitchnaya, on the Soviet fron- | tier, New army units are arriving here} from Japan, leading to the con-| iction among Chinese and foreign } [observers that the Japanese im- | perialists are planning an early at- tack on the Soviet Union. This con- | viction is further strengthened by the |increasing Japanese-inspired anti- | Soviet provocalogss including a hos- agents, were occurring, the reaction- jaries were wildly celebrating the news lot Roosevelt’s hurried recognition of |the Mendieta regime. U. S. battle- |ships, which have been in the harbor |for months in a sinister threat to the |Cuban masses, fired a salute to the |mew government. | President Mendieta, contrary to custom, failed to make a public ap- pearance during the jubilation, evi- jdently fearing the hostility of the | Workers and students. | Late last night, Jefferson Caffrey, | Roosevelt’s personal representative who aided the coup of the reaction- jaries in ousting former President Grau San Martin, was in conference with Cuban officials and heads of the | American sugar mills and other in-| |terests to formulate plans to break |the strikes in the various industries. | Louis Machado, head of the Cuban |Rotary Club, was named to arbitrate the strike of employes of the Cuban Electric Company. He is reported acceptable to the company. His pre- vious attempts to arbitrate the strike were rejected by the workers, Britain, Spain, Italy, France and the Dominican Republic (U. S. pup- pet) today followed Roosevelt's ex- ample in extending recognition to he Japanesetile demonstration two days ago by ; Japanese militarists and tsarist white guards in front of the administrative offices of the Chinese Eastern Rail- | way. Six Soviet officials of that road are still retained in prison by the | Japanese authorities. Japanese-Manchukuo forces are} pressing their advance further into Chahar Province, Inner Mongolia, in a drive to convert that region mto a jumping-off place for an attack on the Mongolian People’s Republic, al- lied with the Soviet Union. The Nanking government has ordered a withdrawal of Chinese troops before the Japanese advance. The Generals’ Civil War ‘in North- west China entered a new fierce stage yesterday, with the advance of Gen. Sun’ Tien-ying, Nanking gen- eral, on Ningsia City, capital of the rebel Ningsia warlord. The Nanking forces captured the town of Likanpu, 14 miles north of the capital, and have completely surrounded the town of Pinglo, which, however, is still holding out, In Fukien Province, a clash is threatening between Nanking and | Cantonese troops, as the former push their pursuit of the 19th Route Army towards the borders of Kwangtung Province, seat of the Canton regime. Canton delegates to the plenary ses- sion of the Central Executive Com- mittee of the Kuomintang, meeting at Nanking, have accused Ni of violating an agreement to leave Can- ton in control of Southern Fukien, Ten persons were killed and thou- sands rendered homeless in Nonan and Hopei by a rise in the Yellow River. The flood waters demolished the dilapidated dikes, which the Nanking regime has failed to repair although constantly ex- tracting taxes from the peasants for that purpose. Two counties are re- Mendieta. Soviet Anithasandar Is Guest of Honor at Banquet Here NEW YORK.—The consistent peace policy of the Soviet Union and its struggle to improve the material and cultural level of its people were Stressed in a speech made by Alex- ander A. Troyanovsky, Soviet Ambas- sador to the United States, before 1,200 assembled at a banquet in his honor at the Hotel Astor on Wednes- day evening, Both the red flag with its golden hammer and sickle and the Amer- ican flag hung above the speakers’ table, The table was arranged by the American Russian Institute, which was formerly the Society for Cultural Relations with the US.S.R, Other speakers, in addition to Troy- anovsky, were William C. Bullitt, U. §. Ambassador to the Soviet Union; Alexander Woolcott, dramatic critic; and John Erskine, author. Mrs. Nor- man Hapgood introduced Thomas D. Thatcher, president of the New York Bar Association, who acted as toast- master, ‘Troyanovsky, however, was pre- sented to the audience by U, S. Ambassador Bullitt. Alexander Woolcott made some pointedly humorous references to the way in which the Soviet Union was made to appear by some corre- spondents, and John Erskine spoke of the “many treasures in art and literature to which we owe a debt of gratitude to Russia.” Erskine de- clared that “whatever one may think of Russia’s economic system, we must acknowledge that Russia is one country in which the people express themselves culturally.” _ Speaks in English ‘Troyanovsky’s speech, which he delivered in English, was broadcast over @ nationwide hookup. Millions of American workers and farmers listened in and heard from this rep- resentative of the Soviet Govern- miént the story of the struggle of! the U.S.S.R, for peace and of the great cultural advances made in the Soviet. Union. The Soviet ambassa- dor learned the English language in Tokyo where he spent several years as Ambassador to Japan. “The Soviet Union has been strug- gling for peace since its inception,” Troyanovsky said. “It still spares no effort in the preservation of it and in the strengthening of peace ma- chinery. It was and still is eager to achieve important results in the direction of universal disarmament. | The co-operation of both countries in these fields, as well as in the eco- nomic and cultural, could be most fruitful for the entire world.” Tells of Interest In U. S. The Soviet Ambassador told of the “wide and eager interest’ in the United States. “Our various scien- tific bodies alone,” he continued, re- ceive in exchange and import some 70,000 volumes from the U. S. annu- ally, more than from any other coun- try. “For the most part these come through our Society for Cultural Re- lations with Foreign Countries, which among its functions acts as a clear- ing house for exchanges of scientific publications.” Troyanovsky said that there are 144 Soviet scientists who ere mem- bers of different scientific associa- tions of the United States. “In applied science, particularly, we have thousands of young men and women in our colleges and institu- tions preparing themselves for tech- nical posts under our planned social- ist development, who are ardent stu- dents of American scientific achieve- ment and American technique. We also have over 50 students in the United States studying various phases of engineering in American universi- ties. We sincerely appreciate the hospitality shown to these young men in this country.” ‘The Soviet Ambassador pointed out that there is wide interest in the Soviet Union in books about America, “particularly in books showing the development of the United States, and again in books telling of your pioneer days, books telling of adven- turous exploration and of the clear- ing and charting of the wilderness.” “I suppose,” declared Troyanoysky, “that these latter make a special ap- peal because we in the Soviet Union have something of the pioneer spirit and because in the wide spaces of our union there are still great stretches of wilderness to be subdued and developed to serve the purposes of our people. “We are building according to. plan, but we must build by science. That Alexander Troyanovsky, Soviet Ambassador to the United States. is why a scientific rapprochement with the most advanced Western na- tions is of great interest to us.” Rise in Standards Troyanovsky explained that “our work in all lines of cultural endeavor has a growing momentum in large measure because of the steadily broadening demands of the people. These demands have come with the rise of the standard of living and the spread of education.” Referring to the success of the Soviet Union virtually eleminating illiteracy, the Soviet ambassador said: “The most’ tragic things about old Russia was that two out of every three persons were condemned to ported completely inundated. Troyanovsky Tells of Gains Won by USSR “Masses , | Welfare of P People Is First Consideration InU,S.S.R., He Says groups within the old empire that did not even have a written language. I am glad to say that a tremendous transformation from these conditions has takes place. Illiteracy has been reduced to less than 10 per cent of tlte population. Most of the illiterate nativnalities have been supplied with alphabets and with schools—in most cases with the Latin alphabet.” The wide extent of education in the Soviet Union was indicated by Troyanoysky in his speech. “Com- pulsory education covering a period of four years,” he asserted, “has been extended to every corner of the coun- try, and in most of our cities. It is being expanded to seven years. There are nearly three times as many chil- dren in elementary and secondary schools as there were in 1914. In- stead of 7,000,000 we have now in the schools about 24,000,000 children.” Troyanovsky referred to “those critics” who declare that the Soviet Union has absorbed itself too much in technique and machinery. “We talk about these things because in our country there is a crying need for machinery and technique. Dur- ing the last century Czarist Russia fell steadily behind the Western world in respect to these and other things. Science and technical pro- gress were not only sadly neglected, in a large measure they were regard- ed as intruders subject to suspicion.” ‘The speaker explained that “while it has been necessary for the Soviet state to devote much attention to the development of its industrial and agricultural basis, activities on be- half of the welfare of the people have always been placed in the first rank of importance.” In this connection, Troyanovsky said significantly: grow up in darkness—they were il- literate, There were ninety national ucation, eral cultural activities.” |Beach Committee, American League; {Annie E. Gray, Director, Women’s |Peace Society; Harold Hickerson, and @ representative from the War Re- sisters League. This committee will present the following four demands to President {Roosevelt and other administration officials: 1, No more appropriations for war purposes; we demand public works and not war works. Com- plete rejection of the current re- quests of the Army and Navy for additional funds for war prepara- tions. Instead of billions for war we demand the use of these funds for the unemployed and a national system of social insurance. 2. Immediate cancellation of all war contracts for the building of battleships, airplanes, submarines, ete, which have been financed by grants from the Public Works funds during the past months. 3. Immediate abolition of the R. O. T. C., the C. M. T. C. and the c. C. C. Build schools not battle- ships! We demand federal grants to aid in keeping schools open and to provide adequate school facilities. 4, Immediate withdrawal of all armed forces from all foreign lands and waters, Caer re Browder Also in Newark NEWARK, N. J—A mass meeting in support of the anti-war delegation to Washington will be held here Monday evening, Jan. 29, 8 p. m, Universalist Church, Broad and Hill Sts, Speakers will be! Earl Browder; N. W. Franzblau of the Brith Sholom; Mrs. Annie E. Gray; Ed- ward Zabriske, Proessor of history at Dana College; Rev. Frank Kingdon of the Socialist Party; A. J. Muste; Roger Yancey, Negro lawyer; Rev. L. Hamilton Garner, chairman, Fascist Regime Set Up in Estonia As Mass Unrest Grows Emergency Session of Cabinet Orders Gov't by Decree TALLINN, Estonia, Jan. 25—An open fascist dictatorship, aimed af drowning in blood the growing revo~ lutionary struggles of the impover- ished Estonian masses, was set up here yesterday by decree of Premier Constantin Paets, leader of the “Fas~ cist Fighters for Freedom.” The de~ cree was voted at an emergency mid~ night session of the Cabinet. The vote was greeted with a salvo of 21 guns. Paeis assumed the presidency of the republic after President Toennis- son had obligingly resigned to make way for the fascist dictatorship fol- lowing a plebescite last October. Un- der the new Estonian Constitution, passed by Parliament under the pre- text of reforms, Paets is empowered to issue laws by decree and to veto any laws adopted by Parliament. He can also dissolve the Diet at will. Estonia is one of the Baltic states on the borders of the Soviet Union. It has a population of 1,119,518, and has been the scene of intense activities by the German Nazis. Stolen Evidence OK Against Reds; Wrong To Keep It Afterward Jan, 24,— taken illegally by the police from W. A. L, Hannington, organizer of last year’s national Hunger were used to railroad Hannington other Hunger Marchers to jail. A judge today declared that the seizure, though illegal, was justified by the “interests of the state,” but he penalized Lord ‘Trenchard, police commissioner, and two inspectors, for having failed to return the documents after using them against the marche ers. They must pay Hannington