The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 16, 1933, Page 6

Page Siz Ara seeweren HN “America’s Only Working Class Daily Newspaper” FOUNDED 19% Published daily, except Sundesy, by the San ap Pubtivising Oo., Inc., 50 Bast 18th Street, Mew Yor, * ‘Telephone: ALgonquin ¢-7988. Dable Address: “Datwork,” New York, B. ¥. Washington Bureau: Room 984 Mational Press aibditey, 14th and G. @., Washington, D. ©. Subscription Rates: Mail: (except Manhattan and Bronz), % suse, $6.60 WFcionne, $3.58; 3 months, $2.00; 1 month, 7 conte ‘Manhattan, Browz, Foreign amd Canad: 1 year, 9808; 6 months, $5.00; 3 months $8.60. By. Carrier: Weekly, 18 cents; monthly, 78 centa, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1998 | Greetings, Farm Conference!) HE Daily Worker gives its heartiest greetings to the | historic Farm Conference now meeting at Chicago! | In the great hall of the People’s Auditorium are Gathered over 700 farmer delegates from 40 states, representing scores of farmer organizations and groups, come together to hammer a broad united battle front of all the exploited and oppressed agricultural laborers, small and ruined middle farmers. In addition the Conference will hear representatives of the revolutionary Trade unions, Unemployed Coun- ceils, and Communist Party pledge solidarity with the fight of the farmers against their common enemy—Wall Street monopoly capital Through the Daily Worker, the Communist Party, revolutionary leader of ali the oppressed masses, calls upon the assembled delegates to clasp hands with the | only class in modern capitalist society that can truly lead the way to a better system, the revolutionary pro- Yetariat! Tt is only by cementing working class solidarity | With, and accepting the revolutionary leadership of the Workers, can the farmers triumph over their Wall Street | enemies. In all their struggles to stop evictions, foreclosures, to break the chains of mortgage debt slavery, in the fight for CANCELLATION OF MORTGAGE DEBTS AND BACK TAXES, the assembled farmers will find | tm. the Daily Worker a staunch and devoted supporter and leader. . Fighting unity of eity and farm workers ‘for the | fight against capitalist exploitation and robbery! ‘This 4s the heartfelt greeting we gtve the fighting Farm Con- ference at Chicago! }————_—______] Strike Wave Continues huge strike wave which swept the coal and steel fields, though beaten back by the bitterest armed attacks and betrayals of the A. F. of L. officiaidom, has given the greatest vitality to the present strike movement. Uneven in its Intensity, due to the tremendous if the government and the strikebreaking Green- | jureaucracy arrayed against it, the strike wave Ras entered new fields. .,No sooner is Lewis and the NR.A. successful in ‘ending the bituminous coal strike, when the rank and file. force the anthracite misleaders to call s strike. No’ sooner do Cappelini and Maloney, aping Lewis, break the anthracite coal strike in one district, when | thousands walk out in another. In every one of the Strikes under the leadership of reactionary trade unton Officials, there is sharpening and growing evidence of Struggle of the rank and file against their leaders. The greatest short¢oming of this rank and file op- Position, especially in anthracite and bituminous, as well as in hundreds of smaller strikes, is the lack of @n organized, conscious group, particularly led by the Communist vanguard, molding the fight and giving it direction, strength and perspective, ep la ae Ne MM the heavier industries, the strike wave has spread to lighter industries. | For instance, in Pittsburgh, the center of big coal | and steel struggles, the Packing House Workers In- dustrial Union has succeeded in calling a -general | atrike involving 2,000 workers with every possibility | of victory. | The strike in Pittsburgh has its echo in Los An- | geles and Austin, Minnesota, meat packing plants. | Most’ outstanding, of course, is the strike in the | Normel Packing Co. plant at Austin, “Minnesota. Though members of an independent union, the In- | Gépendent Union of All Workers, here too the rank and file had to force their leaders to call a strike of 2,500. When the strike began, the rank and file took the initiative. They entered and occupied the fac- tory, drove out the guards and officials; and forced | Negotiations. So serious was the situation so far as | the bosses were concerned, that they had to callin | thsir old stand-by, the Farmer-Laborite Governor Ol- | son. The Governor came not alone with his weasel | Words of demagogy, but with the armed force of the | State, comprising five company of the National Guard. | He was able, due to lack of an organized opposition, to bulldoze the workers back with promises, os er AD ES, po all these strikes two main lessons must be ham- "Mered home. One is: Correct, painstaking, day to day organizational work can build the militant trade Wioins and lead strikes to victory, as the packing house strike in Pittsburgh is excellently showing. ~The other is that the whole Party must set itself the task of penetrating the reformist unions, especially where struggles are going on or are imminent. The Communists must give leadership to the rank and file in these unions, not from the outside, not at an in- spired moment, or in the heat of struggle, but con- tinuously, in an organized way, winning over these | workers, and ousting their strikebreaking leadership. | | | ~ The Austin strike, with its independent union and the unexampled heroism and militancy of its mem- bers, shows the important task of working in these independent unions, one of the outstanding features of the present strike wave. All too little has been done in this respect. 4 In its uneveness, we nevertheless see the continua- and vigor of the strike wave. We must now work ler than ever to lead it im ite next great tidal ae Mussolini’s Function POLITICAL phenomenon observable in all capitalist countries as the world economic crisis enters its fifth year, more intensified and entangled than ever, is the remarkable speed with which the strongest groups of monopoly capital are merging with the capi- talist state, precisely to protect the profits of these | monopoly groups from the effects of the crisis. It te especially in the circumstances of the present chronic, general crisix of capitalism that thie process takes particularly acate and open form, s form in which the capitalist state nakedly and ruthlessly steps forward as the braven serv- amt and tool of monopoly capital. Speaking before the Twelfth Plenum of the Com- | munist International, Kuusinen defined this universal | trend among all capitalist countries as follows: “Today the situation is such that the very largest concerns of finance capital are se closely connected with the state that they cannot ge bankrapt, and need not do so, since they control the state, and can-mobilize its resources for their own support.” This defines exactly the class content of Musso- | government's new plan, substituting| lni’s latest pronouncement that the Italian govern- | planned, two larger ones of 9,000 tons | ment will consist of a National Council of corpora- | P! | tions, which will guarantee the interest and profits of | ©&ch, and one small cruiser of about the bankrupt utility monopolies. ° . ° AT, THE same time that Mussolini thus merges. the | Italian state with monopoly capital and guarantees it its huge profits, the Italian capitalist state estab- Uishes still lower starvation wages for the Italian workers, still greater burdens for the Italian peasants, | ever more meagre relief for the steadily growing army of jobless workers in Italy. In Fascist Italy, supposedly protected by the “cor- | porate state,” the world economic crisis smashes ahead. The agrarian crisis grows, bringing ruin and pauper- ism t6 the peasantry. The real wages of the Italian proletariat are now at the lowest levels of the crisis, and are at semi-starvation levels, the lowest levels of | the crisis. The problem ‘of foreign markets haunts the Italian bourgeoisie, at the same time that the Italian masses are held at the point of the bayonet, in almost medieval misery and slavery. To conceal from the Italian masses the role of Fas- | cism ss the ruthless guarantor and protector of cavi- talist exploitation, Mussolini yesterday spoke of the end of the “old capitalism” and the advent of a “super- capitalism,” the creation of a “corporate state.” This | arch murderer of revolutionary workers even spoke of the “inhumanity” of the “old capitalism.” But this “corporate state,” proclaimed ten years ago by Mussolini, is the very thing that was to have pro- tected Italy from the crisis, a crisis which has struck it with the same force as any other capitalist coun- try. ‘This “super-capitalist, corporate state” is nothing but the system of capitalist exploitation and capitalist dictatorship in its most advanced, rathless form. It is the fusion of monopoly capital with the capitalist state power for the purpose of riveting the chains of capi- talist wage slavery on to the Italian workers though the naked, military dictatorship of the bourgeoisie. This development toward the fusion of the. state with monopoly capital is remarkably evidenced by the | whole Roosevelt program. It is certainly obvious that Mussolini’s taix.of the end of the “old capitalism” is very much like Roose- velt’s talk of the “end of the old order.” It is certainly rémarkable that the Roosevelt gov- ernment has concentrated all its efforts on protecting the profits of Wall Street monopoly capital through direct subsidies (R.F.C. loans) and through guarantees of profits ($4,000,000,000 spent to guarantee the interest in worthless home and farm mortgages). It is certainly remarkable that Mussolini prohibits the Italian workers from striking against wage-cuts in the name of the “totalitarian state,” while Roosevelt | under the N.R.A. codes does Practically the same thing in the name of “national unity.” The Roosevelt and Mussolini governments, like the Hitler government, or any other capitalist government, are more and more openly showing their faces as the state instrument of the capitalist class dictatorship for the enslavement of the toiling masses, and the pro- tector of capitalist profits and power, An Election Lesson THE city of Bridgeport, Conn., « center for munt- dons factories and other important industries, thou- Sands of workers fooled by radical phrases of Socialist leadets helped by their yotes to Sweep into office a So- clalist ticket, . ° ° Y bie small vote which the Communist Party received ceived in the election is undoubtedly due to the weakness in our mass agitation among the workers. In tact many strikes took place led by militant trade unions under Communist leadership. But in these strike struggles as well as in the elections we did not poe forward boldly the program of the Communist y. ‘The small circulation of the “Daily” is evidence of the fact that we did not carry on daily mass agitation among the Bridgeport workers. What other more Powerful Weapon could we have in answering the re- formist election propaganda of the Socialist Party, day by day, than our Daily Worker? Yet, it is with shame that we must state that in this industrial capital of Connecticut the circulation totals no more than 42 copies a day! ° ° . wus the Socialists In office it becomes even more necessary to reach the workers with our Daily Worker. Jasper McLevy, the newly elected Socialist. Mayor of Bridgeport, announced on being sworn into office that be will follow in the footsteps of his fellow-Soc!- alist Mayor of Milwaukee, Daniel M. Hoan. ‘This means the clubbing of unemployed workers demanding un- employment relief, the betrayal of every struggle of the Bridgeport workers by the Socialist administra- | tion. The Daily Worker, one of our most Powerful | Weapons against capitalist oppression and Socialist be- trayal, must be put into the hand: ridgeport ben is of the Brid This means immediate action, Comrades of Bridge- port. Into the shops, nite the homes of the Bridgeport Workers with our Dafly Worker. More subscriptions, larger bundle sales for the Daily Worker, is our most effective means for opening the eyes of the Bridge- Port workers to the real meaning of Socialist Teform- "PITTSBURGH PACKING STRIKE STANDS SOLID pet governments. | sentative, openly. supported Cham- | berlain’s conservative speech with | Chamberlain was encouraging the Powers Speed up | Huge Navy Race | in Drive for War |British Order 3 New |Cruisers As “Answer” | to Japan, U. S. LONDON, Nov. 1$—The armainent | | race of the imperialist powers was | further accelerated yesterday with | the decision of the British Govern- ; ment to build three new powerful | cruisers “to meet the naval construc- | tion program of Japan and the | United States.” | Lusty cheers in the House of Com- | Mons greeted the announcement by | Sir Bolton Meredith Eyres-Monsell, | First Lord of the Admiralty, of the | for the four small cruisers originally | 5,200 tons. The new ships are to jbe heavily armed, with a much greater radius of action than that of the smaller cruisers now abandoned. ‘They are thought to be destined for the Pacific, where Britain, Japan and the United States are engaged. in a three-cornered struggle for mastery of the Pacific and control of China, with the British and American im- perialists further involved in an in- creasingly bitter rivalry. for control | of the resources and markets of the South American countries—a. rivalry already reflected in armed struggle between several South American pup- Winston Churchill, former Chan- cellor of the Exchequer, justified the British naval construction on the grounds that the British proposals for “disarmament” had been rejected by imperialist. rivals at the Geneva | “disarmament” ‘conference of the League of Nations. He sharply at- tacked the United States, declaring that the Washington government had & two-faced “disarmament” policy. “The United States,” he said, “had made the most beautiful speeches of all, and also made the largest in- creases in their nayal and air forces.” The Laborites in the House of Commons not only. failed to raise their voices in protest against the war plans of the British imperialists, but Morgan Jones, a Laborite repre- apologetic retraction of a charge he had made the preyious day that robber policy of Japan_in Manchuria. - (Continued from Page 1) rider the pressure of this delegation hat the rights of the strikers will @ upheld and the police will main- ain an “impartial” attitude. ‘At the end of his speech, Rich was tuded by all the workers who the City Council chambers. ti speakers for the strikers were: tohl, President of the union; Frank \Watik, organizer, and other rank and The capitalist boss press was d in these hearings before the Council, as well as all other les of the strikers. + lines at all shops are being a nena transported into Pittsburgh were stopped on the road by delega- tions of strikers and turned back. Negro workers especially at the Swift plant are most active, unitedly fight- ing side by side with the white work- ers, ‘Youth Militant Youth are especially miltant and drawn into the strike leadership, as well as the large part of the women, A special meeting of all young strikers is being held tomorrow at the call of the General Strike Com- mittee of those under 25 years of age. youth committees in each house on strike, The spirit of the young strikers is high. The plans will be, dlacussed of involving every young striker on the picket line for the purpose of getting the support of the youth in the neighborhood, The general strike committee has been formed and will meet tonight. A mass meeting of all strikers will take place Sunday to discuss further means of strengthening the strike in all its phases, Has your unit, club, anion, I.W.0. Branch, your organization held a collection for the Dally Worker? Help save ovr “Daily.” The new construction plans were | greeted with enthusiasm by munition | and ship-building interests and Navy | officials throughout the country. Earl | Jellicoe declared» ‘himself “very | | Pleased.” Admirel “Beatty told re- | Porters, “I am very glad to hear the | good news.” Beatty in a recent | speech at the Navy League dinner, | had declared that “battleship replace- | ments are overdue’? that more | cruisers must be built: at once. | Meanwhile, the:Beayerbrook press | is preparing the»public for further | enormous increases~for the fighting |“IN SPITE OF ALL!” | | | | Bonn Helping the Daily Worker through bidding for the original drawings of Burck’s cartoons: : DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 16, 1938 —By Burek ‘Thomas Ericson wins yesterday's drawing with a bid of 56 cents. Total to date $112.28. French Ministers In Warlike Threat PARIS, Nov. 15.—Hitler’s Germany was accused yesterday of “speeding re-armament begun long ago,” by leaders ot the French Government speaking in the Chamber of Deputies. Germany’s bid for equality with the rest of the imperialist plunderers was hotly denounced by both Premier Al- bert Sarraut nad Foreign Minister Joseph Paul-Boncour, French Foreign Minister. The Hitler foreign policy was declared “fraught with adventur- ous possibilities” and “perhaps a menace to European stability.” Paul-Boncour broadly hinted that war was impending. France would act in perfect accord with its allies, he declared. Premier Sarraut boasted of the powerful armaments created by French imperialism under cover of the pacifist professions of the “dis- armament” conferences of the League of Nations. He declared that France “does not know fear and now possess material and military force that pre- | forces in the next budget. vents any one from dictating to her.” | | | | | U. 8S. Launches New Cruiser “Tuscaloosa” NEW YORK.—The “Tuscaloosa,” named in honor of Tuscaloosa, Ala., where three Negro lads were lynched recently, was launched yesterday at Camden, N. J., as the fifteenth of the new 10,000 ton cruisers to be built by the Washington Government. The new cruiser will carry nine 8-inch guns. It was christened by Mrs. T. L. McCann, of Tuscaloosa, a niece of Representative William Bacon Oliver of Alabama. It is one of four 10,000 ton cruisers now in process of construction by the United States. Japan is now laying down two cruisers of 8,500 tons mountin fifteen 6-inch guns and the construction of yet another two is planned as an “answer” to the United States naval construction program. In 1931, Japan laid down two similar cruisers. In an atmosphere of warlike specu- lations and talk of a “preventive war,” the Chamber supported the government’s war policy by 545 to 11, with the Socialist deputies joining in the affirmative vote Japan Army-Navy Merged for War NEW YORK.—In preparation for war against the Soviet Union, Jap- anese army and navy commands have been unified, according to cable re- ports received here, with the army re- ceiving full command over the navy. Usually changes in the Japanese naval forces take place in December, but this year a complete shake-up was made one month earlier. Admiral Suetsugu, a close friend of Minister of War, Araki, virtual dic- tator of Japan, has been slated for the position of commander of the en- tire Japanese fleet. Suetsugu is a rabid nationalist, and supports very closely all the anti- Soviet war moves of his. chief, Araki. Suetsugu and Araki both favor rapid building of army and navy forces to the limit. Suetsugu was one of the Japanese war lords who helved direct the war against the Chinese people in Shang- hai in the spring of last year. Hathaway Exposure Puts Capital Nazi Quiz in Furor (Continued from Page 1) | “paper organization” Which was or- | ganized to pelt Americans with last | minute ferocious--anti-Soviet and anti-recognition propaganda, - “Got Too Hot” Samuel Dickstein, of New York | City, chairman of the Committee, |-abruptly closed the ‘hearings when | the session, to use his own words, | “got too hot.” Explaining his sud- den use of the chairman's gavel, Dickstein declared, in his private of- fice, that “this thing has gotten too hot. We've got to give it time to cool off.” December 4 was set for the date for the resumption of pub- lic hearings, at whith time Dickstein expects the cooling-off process to complete itself. Dickstein also resorted to censor- ship tactics by withholding the sten- ographer’s transcript of the public Proceedings, He declared that he wanted to see the testimony first to correct the “punctuation.” ‘The New York Congressman took this action despite the fact that the official stenographers covering the hearing, following a long -established Washington custom, assured the Daily Worker's officially accredited correspondent that he could have a transcript of the Hathaway testimony in an hour. Baits Hathaway | . When Representative Focht learned that Hathaway's paper. was the offi- cial organ of the Communist Party, he attempted to cover the estab- | shed Nazi activity by belting Hatha- way with questions of such ignorance that even conservative correspondents were forced to laugh openly at him. “As a member of this Committee, I fully disagree with you,” exploded Focht. “You're against all law and are an anarchist: -3n- this country we have the doctrine of the survival of the fittest.” . ge Hathaway replied:-“If you wish to transform this Committee: session in- to a debating debate. on Fascism, Communism, Socialism, Anarchism, or any other ism, I am-perfectly. will- ing to do that. However, for your in- formation, the Communists have nothing in common;with anarchists, and throughout the entire world-his- tory of our Party we have fought against the anarchists .both against their theories and their practices.” Focht then declared his readiness to nee which Hathaway readily and delightfully accepted. Whereupon & much nettled: Dickstein declared me aoe adjourned—until Decem- Showing a cooperation certainly not emulated by the committee chair- man, Hathaway left all of his valu- able Nazi exposure documents with the committee, with the- one proviso that the latter be responsible for their safe keeping. p> “I assume that you are an Amer- ican citizen,” were "Dickstein’s open- ing words. “I am American born as was my grandfather and -giekt | grandfather,” Teplied Hathaway.» “Do you know anything about the document Mr, X onymous expert) identified yester- day?” “I have with me the original docu- ment, first published on October 7, by the Daily Worker. I can also inform the committee how we got the docu- ment,” began Hathaway. “The Daily Worker has been vitally interested in Nazi activities in Amer- ica from the moment Hitler took power. We are a workers’ pr der and therefore we most quickly received the information of Nazi activities in America. We received it from sea- men, longshoremen and other work- ers first subjected to Nazi propaganda in America, In the early days we published much material on Nazi ac- tivities. Very early we established contact with Nazis and thus were able on August 26 and 28 to publish | the first exposure of their vicous ac- tivities in America, Where Funds Came From “We showed that the chief source of funds is big German and German- American firms in America, which are systematically ‘shaken down’ just as is d-.2 in Germany. Nazi leaders in Berlin have given tho American Nazis a series of specific tasks to carry out and all their work is developed around this present pro- gram, which is as follows: First, to fight the boycott against Germany, which is one of the most painful and effective of the international weapons which have been mobilized against the Nazis, “Second, to carry pro-Nazi and generally pro-German propaganda, pointing out all the ‘merits’ of the fascist regime first, of German in- dustries and products, and of Gtr- many as a tourise paradise. “Third, to carry out anti-French propaganda. In America this takes precedence over anti-Semitic prop- aganda, since anti-French propa- ganda here serves best the aims of Nazi policy abroad. The main line of anti-French propaganda is to make France out to be a ‘debauched’ and degenerate’ nation, + Anti-Jewish Propaganda “Fourth, to cary out anti-Semitic Propaganda, as part of, the campaign to. justify Hitler's bloody anti-Sem- itism. It is the task of the Amer- ican Nazis to ‘prove’ that all Jews are worthless and poisonous. “Fifth, to combat all anti-capitalist tendencies and particularly to combat Communism. It is the aim of the Nazis to establish Nazi ‘cells’ in shops and plants employing German-speak- ing workers, but they have not suc- ceeded in doing so yet, e.cepting in such comp'ctely German concerns as the North German Lloyd, where A, Mentzing, an important official and @ leading member of the American Nazi organization, has instituted a fascist ‘N.S.B.0.,’ or Nazi Shop Or- ganization, precisely on the pattern of the German ones.” ‘The explosive Mr. Focht interrupted to inquire: “Is the Daily Worker admitted under the Post Office regu- lations or is it one of these gutter- snipe propaganda sheets?” “The Daily Worker is an established paper which has not missed an is- The | under second class mail privileges and is responsible for what it says.” Hathaway went on to explain: “After Hitler took power, trusted Nazis were put in charge of ships that today all these ships are Nazi couriers and smugglers.” “Are American ships also?” Crowe asked. “Yes, trusted Nazi couriers and propagandists aro also cn Am: ships.” Origin cf Proof Asked where he obtained all this information, Hathaway informed the committee that a “Mr. Z,” former ardent Nazi embittered by persecu- tion of his family in Germany, be- cause of the discovery of some Jewish blood, gave him this material. In describing the functioning of the American Nazi terror arm, Hath- away said: “Inside the Nazi organ- ization this Mentzing is looked upon as the brains of the group while Spanknoebel is the preacher and mass figure.” “Yoti meen the Spanknoebel want- y tho Department of Justice?” xes.” The large audience was electrified when Hathaway not only revealed the presence of super-patriotic Mr. Fish at a recent Nazi meeting at the George Washington Hotel of New York City, but also when he offered “to produce documents showing that Hamilton Fish is engaged in Nazi activities in the United States.” The response was immediaie—and eloquent, “He is our honored colleague,” said Dicks:ein. “T’'ra interested in not besmirching the name of Hamilton Fish,” added Crowe. This hotel meeting, said Hathaway, was also attended by Spanknoebel, Manzing, Haag of the Nazi “Friends of New Germany,” the rascally Count Sauerma-Douglas and others of simi- lar stripe. There it was proposed to sue the Daily Worker for libel but no suit has as ‘yet: been filed, Hathaway declared. ~*~ ea Nazi Letter Referring to the famous Daily Worker Nazi letter of October 7 ex- posing Van der Lubbe as a Nazi tool and the burning of the Reichstag as a desperate Nazi act, Hathaway ex- plained that it was only published after careful investigation had shown the genuiness of the letterhead, the typewriter and the seal. “We did not consider this document @s @ Newspaper scoop. We sent the galleys carrying the story on it, and the photostatic copies of it to all the press agencies and newspapers of New York City. Not one published it the next day, And to this day no action has been taken by Haag or the Friends of New Germany to chal- lenge the document. We offered this document to the press because, one, it contained evidence of Nazi es- pionage activities, the muscling in of propagandists and spies; two, it con- tained evidence of anti-Semitic ac- tivities of Nazis in America, and three, it conclusively proved the in- nocence of Communists in the Reich- any question that Van der Lubbe was a Nazi tool.” Reverting to the baiter Fish, Focht called to Hathaway: “Does the in- ference follow that Hamilton Fish belongs to the Nazi group?” “I am prepared to produce docu- ments showing that Fish is engaged in Nazi activities in the United States, Focht: “Do you consider Fish’s ac- tivities un-American or merely anti- Communist?” Hathaway: “I consider that Fas- cism and everything it produces is un-American and will not be accepted by the American people.” Dickstein: “We consider him (Fish) a very high class citizen and a valu- able member of our house.” Crowe: “Do you mean he’s (Fish) against workers or against Commu- nism?” Hathaway: “One cannot separate the interests of the workers from Communism.” Identifying various Nazi publica- tions, including the Deutsche Post, for Dickstein, Hathaway informed the Committee that “they are shot through with anti-Semitism and are anti-Communist.” “Are they against the N.R.A.?” asked Dickstein. “Decidedly not,” replied Hathaway, as the audience gasped at such calm- ness and defiance in the midst of N.R.A.’s stronghold. “They are ardent supporters of the N.R.A. They declare the N.R.A. to be already the adoption of their Fas- cist policies in the United Staets.” Focht: “Are you a Communist?” Hathaway: “Yes, I am a member of the Communist Party of the United States—” Crowe, interrupting: “And of Rus- sia?” Hathaway: States.” While Crowe and Focht spluttered their amazement and anger, Hatha- way continued: “The Nazis are con- vinced that capitalist robbery and exploitation’ cannot~be continued un- der democratic forms, but advocate the direct dictatorship of Wall Street bankers and industrialists.” Focht then made his speech about anarchism and “the survival of the fittest in America,” following with an announcement of his readiness to debate the subject. Hathaway ac- cepted, and the hearing ended, bear- ing out the editorial position of the Daily Worker that tho*investigation of Spanknoebel and his immediate assistants was being used to cover up the progress of the fundamentally vicious capitalist Nazi propaganda. ong other things Hathaway brought out the fact that the Amer- ican Nazi organization is four years old; that until the time when Hit- ler took power they functioned as Nazis; that Spanknoebel went to Germany for his orders; that in ad- dition to the Nazi tie-up with the National Civic Fedération, the A. F. of L. and other such groups, they have already contacted the Klu Klux Klan, the Fascist silver shirts of “IT said the United America (headquarters at Asheville, Carolina), the committee an-sue for ten years. It is- admitted | stag fire trial. Demonstrating beyond | North. Plan Slaughter-of Scottsboro: Boys-on Eve of Their Trial Knight Leads Lynch Organizer: Judge Denies Protection | (Continued from-Page 1}. ® | a showdown is inevitable it might as well come now, - Bosses Fear Rising Militancy of Negroes.- 4—The state of Alabama “knows that some 6,000 Negro share-croppers oe secretly organized. State offi- cials have been ti for a long time to catch the aie or Warn the | identities of the members. They have | failed. This secret organization of Ne- gro croppers, whith is, growing rap- idly, partly because of the economic conditions and partly because of the | Scottsboro cases, constitutes a grave menace to the powerful white Jand- owners and the white supremacy the- | ory of the state. A sms ig blow against the Scottsboro boys and the LL.D. attorneys might act ag a ter- rifying warning against Negro. or- ganizational activities and so would be welcomed by the state. ‘These, roughly, are some highlights which make it possible to understand the causes that might have influ- enced preparationsfor the Scottsboro trials, These preparations, which arouse more thany just grave appre- hension in the cae eee ae zens of what might happen, follow: 1—Judge Bio who voiced oppes sition to two mob threats.to lyneh the Scottsboro boys during the lasé-trial this spring by his orders to the Na- -tional Guard to shoot any one at- tempting to get them illegally, was removed. (Details of how hé was re- moved from the casé will be told in @ subsequent story)" 2—Judge W. W. Callahan of Deca. tur was appointed to take Judge Hor- ton’s place, (Editor's Note: ~ Judge Callahan is a member of the Ku Klux Klan.) . 3—Where Judge. Horton is reported to have ordered soldiers. to shoot if any attempt was made to lynch the boys, Judge Callahan says that he sees no reason to haye soldiers at the trial to protect either the de- fendants or the attorneys. 4—Attorney General Knight insists that the defendants come to trial and that he sees no reason to postpone it. 5—Attorney General Knight<is run- ning for Lieutenant Governor. A con- viction in a state where lynch t ts are being made against the defend- ants and the LL.D. attorneys would make him a state hero to a@ great many voters and help his candidacy, 6—In the absence of soldiers to pr tect the defendants and their 2a neys, protection will’bé in the hands of Sheriff “Bud” Davis of a County. The number’ of deputies sheriff will use has not been an- nounced and it is” problematical whether white deputies from Morgan County will shoot into white lynch- ers from their own cotinty in defense of “niggers” and: “No'thern Jews,” whom they have conie to hate, ‘—Judge Callahan announced thet he views this coming trial as “an ordi- nary criminal casé” and added that he will take no other precautions than such as are taken at “ordinary criminal cases.” ~~ ~ oe Officials’ Acts Tuvite Lynching ‘With these facts, éspétially.the one that Judge Callahan doés notintend to ca¥l soldiers to protect “the de- fendants or their attorneys, and in view of the extremely. tense istuation here, it amounts to what is. tanta- mount to an invitation for mob’action in the opinion of many leading citi- zens. This very morning the Birming- ham Age-Herald, one of the’ state's leading newspapers, pleaded -editori-~ ally for ® postponement of the trial. It said in part: ~ : “We hope Judge Callahan is right in his assumption that the situation. does not warrant a request for mili- tary protection. But remembering the circumstances which prevailed during the last trial and repemberiag what has taken place singe*that time, most informed Alabamians will be inclined to think that the judge ought to pre- fer being sage to] mistaken. .. . What we are facing in this particular affair is something .so. complicated and explosive that any lack-of dili- gence in safeguarding ‘the oners would be profoundly regrettable. “As a matter of fact, many of us are wondering whether, everything considered, the case should not be postponed. In the lighf Of all-that has happened in thee ee no one can justly complain that the state has failed to moye ‘with sufficient vigor. Would it not be the part of wisdom to continue the hearing?” Boys May Be es d to Decatur at Once The Scottsboro boys will be brought to Decatur from Birmingham on the 20th for arraignment. strangely is the state arene whole mat- ter that Sheriff JF. #tawkinsiof Jef- ferson County, in ‘whose custody: the Negroes are, doesnot know whether the Scottsboro boysiwill stayrin the Morgan County ‘Bit intB scaturson be returned to Birmingham for safety until the-trial opetis oh the 27th. In view of the ™ ' of “advance proper precautions for the protection of the defendante co their attor- neys, it is significant; anata for long it. would Le to sl r ers to Decatur vn “Brose, Tf, In the cient ae in al the sheriff of the “woul a to get in touch Judge “ , ve Judge Callahan, in* would::ha’ to communicate with the gi lor permission to callout the onal Guard, That permission granted, the sheriff would thereupon: have - municate with the*comma: <orfi- cer of the nearest ‘National Guard, which is in Hartselle,“some 18° miles away. besa ee niger, Considering the time spent in-these telephone convers 1s, roviding there was no delay. in-connect or that any of the personages were not at home, and theslengih of. i would take for the»soldiezs..to. be called, arm themselvas, pile.into cars and make the tripeto.Decatur, bar~ ring all seca the road ae logs placed in the .way,,approximately one hour at the minimum: would elapse before sol