The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 4, 1933, Page 6

Settiu ae aa Sea Page Six Negro Workers on Relief Get Worst Treatment of All * Ready to Struggle in New Orleans for Shelter, Firewood and Boots By a Negro Work Correspondent NEW ORLEAD La—Just a few words on the conditions of the Negro welfare workers here. Speak- ing about forced labor, we have too darn much of it here. There is supposed to be (that is, accord- | r the statement of Mr. C. N . former head of the welfare 15,000 workers on the wel- | sive $1.80 per were about | (all Ne- | clearing a wood, | x to the city park, workers are beginning to dig | ant fish for I don’t know how anyhow, it In two sections ir feet deep and to dig four feet | is nal is; e workers and anyone | lose their cards | is no place to go when| Every worker just hud-| ewhere, and gets soaked | The stiff mud pulls} els off | e beginning to facing them this Negroes hat is winter. Back of that Black Bridge | they see tha y are ina death | trap. They see that once it is cold, | ans death to any worker that | n in that canal and mud,|} roted it m There is a struggle brewing, a | hese unorganized | will be centered immediate needs; i and boots. | two rank and file aid c ese workers paid close attention to the white work- ers and tk (the jority) that the not milita ers were crooke k us that the workers | are d of all leadership. Many have i me that ali leaders will sell out the Negro. And it can easily be seen that our task is to organ- dis on our winter's | prospects, discuss the setting up of rank and file committees, commit- tees of workers mand boc against tl introduced spee¢ ize assions re wood, barrel and lately | p methods, | same w Cash Given Only to White Workers for Garden Work in Birmingham By x Group of Negro Correspondents. | BIRMINGHAM, Ala—We, a group of colored workers of the Depart- |ment of Public Welfare of Birming- | ham, which used to be the Red Cross, are sending you our bill of groceries gave us for $6.30 for the |three days’ work in the garden at | Acipo. his is not enough to last our family two weeks, as there are eight in the family. ‘We need money to pay the house rent with, as the Welfare won't see after our house rent at all. We are supposed to be getting 30c a hour for our work, three days, $6.30, th en and women to} two days $4.20. But we are not get-| ng a cent of this. No one receives any money, but the white people and they get grocery | orders too. We colored people only get grocery orders for our work, and not enough of it. It is of no use for us to ask for more or we will be cut off. Miss Roberta Morgan said that she orders from Washington to pay for food and clothing. Why doesn’t she treat the white and colored the Give the white people clothes—give the colored people clothes. Give the white people money, give the colored people money. Need Food to Eat. T do wish you could see the condi- tions we colored people are in. We need clothing, shoes, coal and, more so, we need food to eat. Please don’t get sick and ask the Welfare for a doctor. You will die before they will send you one. These white bosses can carry any amount of vegetables out of the garden, but if we get any they will cut us off the welfare. By right we ought not to be working at all for what they are giving us. If you get sick, you must report to your fore- man, and they claim that they will send your grocery check to you. But they don’t do so. They will let no one work in your place, but the white people can do so. We have asked the Welfare to give us white checks to trade at any store, or go to the Hill grocery store. They won't do so. If they would we would get more than what we are getting. They give us a yellow check to go to the company store where they can issue it out to us like they want to. We can’t say anything. So please send some one down here and make those people give us some clothes and shoes, coal and wood and pay our rent, or give us some money to pay rent, and to give us some money to | eat. HELEN CONDUCTED BY LUKE We are in receipt of the following autobiography of a Russian working woman and ex-hovsewife. ‘We regret having had to condense it to get it into our column, but it still remains a document of unusual interest, particularly to working class women. I Regret Having Been So Long Al Slave to Household Prudgery By YERMAKOVA BELIEVE my life is a very or-| dinary one, and prior to the revo- | lution a very drab one indeed. As| I think of my childhood, sad pictures Yise before my eyes: my father a drunkard who maltreats my mother. I try to shield her...my father hits me...he often rebukes us because he has to “keep” us. ‘We moved from locality to locality. My father was dismissed from a job in a Kharkov wor He went by himself to Ekaterinoslav. We were left penniless. My mother managed to find work. I also, to earn s living, went into ®& cardboard-box factory. It had dirty, evil-smelling lavatories, and on ‘wooden boxes lying about in these ‘we had our dinner. Only 11 At Time Later I worked in an envelope fac- tory where I managed a cutting ma- chine. I had to place labels, paper, ete, under a knife. I got nervous, and was constantly afraid of having My fingers cut off, for I was only 11_years old! The Revolution found us in Eka- terinoslav. I remember how the eagles were torn down, how the memorial to Catherine Il was de- My father disappeared, and 6 be traced. till Hi > IN 1923 I married. My family life was not a happy one. Until 1930 I was a housewife. I longed for in- dependence. But this required quali- fication, independent earnings, and placing my child in @ nursery school. I went to work at the “Shariaopod- shipnik” (ball-bearing works). This is how my husband looked at this question: “You are for me, and must therefore live on my earnings. Choose between me and the factory.” I chose, of course, the factory. We divorced. I was apprenticed as a polisher, to be ready for work as soon as the new giant works would he set go- ing. I commenced working at the bench as a polisher. It is here that I felt for the first time quite happy and in my proper place! I was at once elected delegate for March 8, and member of the call bureau of the Russian Red Cross Society (ROKK). I asked for ad~- mission to the Party, and was ac- cepted as candidate. As delegate I worked in the cadre department for a more energetic in- troduction of woman labor. As soon as a “cost in relation to efficiency brigade” was organized, I was elected to the post of brigadier and pro- moted to be a mounter. . 8 AM now women’s organizer of the department and member of the Departmental Committee. I know that study is necessary and I attend the Anti-Aircraft Defense classes in the “defense of the revolutionary or- der” detachment, and also political and technical classes. Now, before the 16th Anniversary of the October Revolution, I have been promoted to be joint deputy director of the mechanized kitchen. I shall get a new room by the time of the October celebrations, will part company with my husband’s rela- tions, and will live there with my mother and child. The child I shall send to a nursery school. This is all. Now that I have told everything, I can see that my life is after all not so ordinary, as I said at first, but rather a remarkable life! POR MANY A YEAR THE FAT-BOYS DID SHEAR THEIR RANK AND FILE GOAT OF ITS MASCULINEHAIR,| SAT GREEN,WITH HIS PALS OF PARTICULAR CHOICE ;| INDULGED IN FUNY CONTORTIONS AND GRINS , HE DROPPED THE HINT WITH AN OMIOUS SQUINT :4 AND WITH ARED FACE, GREEN SPRUNG FROM HIS PLACE FILLING THE SEAT OF THEIR PRESIDENTS CHAIRI“ONLY 1 AM FOR LABOR A COMPETENT VOICE .""| AS THOUGH HE'D BEEN SITTING ON NEEDLES@ PINS, STEALTHILY PUSHING IT INTO A CUSHION, DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1933 | | Describes How Saloons and Church Gave Way to Big Theatre, Schools and Park of Culture Dear Comrades: The 16th anniversary of that | day, when the working class under the leadership of Com- rade Lenin took the power of | authority into their hands, is drawing near. During these 16 years the entire life of the country and the working class has been remade. I wish to show you th ough the ex- ample of our fa and my own personal life. I was born in 1876 near Or Zuyevom into a workers’ family. Our family was la and each one of us had to do our bit. At the age of 10 I was given over to a Kulak (a rich peasant) as a student. The Kulak appointed me to take care of the children of the women cooks. Once when the Kulak was drunk he fell one me with a knife and almost killed me. A neighbor, who came running at my cry, rescued me. And so I lived until I was 14, when I went to the city and of hoyo- there found work in the factory, Traymana, But soon I was laid off. I finally found work at a fac- tory belonging to a Belgian Com- pany, now called “The Dinamo.” That was in the- year 1902. And ever since I have worked in this factory. The factory for the construction of electrical machinery, the “Di- namo,” is located in Moscow, in the Lenin suburbs. Worked 10 to When I first this factory we 12 Hours a Day came to work at had to work from 10 to 12 hours each day, for the half-pennies we were given. For every little mistake we made we were fined. We lived crowded fogether. Our pallets were placed in the kitchen, along the hallways, or in rooms that very nearly resembled dog- houses. We had no factory restaurant. There was a very elegant factory restaurant with flowers for the more important administrative workers in the factory. money could eat in the Cook-Shop nearby. The others brought a lit- tle bread along to eat for dinner, and, perhaps, a pickled fish or a pair of salt pickles, and some cold penis at comprised our scanty Saloons and Church for Recreation The only distraction and recrea- Can You Make ‘Em Yourself? Pattern 1642 is available in sizes 14, 16, 18, 20, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 and 42. Size 16 takes 344 yards 39 inch fabric and '% yard contrasting. Illustrated step-by-step sewing instructions. Send FIFTEEN CENTS (li5c) in coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this Anne Adams pattern. Write plainly name, address and style num- ber. BE SURE TO STATE SIZE. Address orders to Daily Worker Pattern Department, 243 West 17th St., New York City. Patterns by mail only. | Simonoffsky Those who received a little more x tion Sur there the workers enjoyed was on in the saloons, of which were plenty, and in the Monastery Church. In 1903 our lock-smith workers organized a Bolshevik nucleus in the factory, which was made up at that time of five persons. In the beginnings books and pamphlets and proclamations were distrbiuted among the workers. Heavy ani ugly were our lives. But as soon as the Bolsheviks ap- peared among us in the factory, from that time on, under their leadership and direction we strug- gled to better our condition. The Cossacks’ Whips We often went on strike. Our factory was in the lead of all the others. We demanded, principally, a nine-hour working day, larger salaries, to be treated in a friend- ly manner on the part of the ad- ministrative staff, a clinic for the workers, basins wherein we might wash our hands, closets for cloth- ing, and to be supplied with boiled water for drinking purposes. To have granted us a part of our de- mands would in the end have been less costly. The militia, and the ice, and the Cossacks were often visitors at our factory. Even to s this day I have not forgotten the sting of the Cossacks’ whips. In_ October, onoffsky 7, the entire Sim- District was lined with We had organized the Red Guards. We workers prepared barracks, and stored our gunpowder away in cellars, During the Civil War our factory collective lost quite a number of Sood comrades in the front lines. Lenin’s Visit Still vivid in my memory is the year 1921, and the time when Illich came to the “Dinamo” factory, in the instance of the anniversary of the October Revolution. At eight o’clock in the evening, a machine stopped at the factory gates, and out of the machine step- ped Comrade Lenin, dressed in a plain warm coat and hat. Without much delay he said, “Hello, where is your meeting here being held, and how do I get to it?” We led him to the department of small motors. He walked ahead of us all at a brisk gait, asking all the while different questions about the factroy. ‘When the meeting opened a thun- cerns applause shook the whole all. Comrade Lenin spol> slowly, em- phasizing each wor” he spoke. He talked about th> uniting of the workers and r .sants, of the build- ing up of our industry which must follow, of the cooperatives, and about the Red Army. He told us a story of how once Soviet Worker in “Dinamo” Factory Tells of 16 Years of Working Class Power a Finnish woman traveling abroad was told that in keeping order among the people, the Red Army was very severe and ruthless. But when she came to Russia herself she was quite surprised to have | Red Army soldiers offer to help carry her things for her on the train, and show themselves willing to assist her in any way that they could. “That is a clear case,” said Lenin, “of how lying, malicious re- ports have been passed along the border about our Republic, and about our Red Army. But we will show them that we, the first to be freed from the yoke of Capital, will lead all the oppressed of the earth to freedom! Keep to your lines, and we will be victorious!” finished Lenin. At the end of his speech a thun- derous applause again filled the room. After that memorial eve- ning of the speech of our Illich we began to work feverishly, and we were finally victorious on every front in our struggle to establish Socialism. From 5 to 1,600 Scarcely 30 years have passed since the organization of the Party at our factory. From the small nucleus of five persons it has grown to be a powerful Party Organiza- tion numbering 1,600 Conimunists and 2,500 C --sommols. And our factroy collective has grown from a few hundted workers, until the time of the Revolution, to an army of 12,000 proletarian workers: We ing to be proud of! ity of the factory, a five-storied building is being con- structed. A special bath-house has been built, with a swimming pool. There is a large modern laundry for the workes. We have a sum~- mer theater too, and a many-stor- ied dry goods store, and a huge stadium which seats from five to six thousand people. A School for 8,000 Children Now we have a school for our children, which can care for as many as 3,000 children. Our fac- tory has its own restaurant, its own buffet,—where each of us for quite a nominal sum can take our breakfasts, dinners, and suppers. We are now building a Factory kit- chen. On the place where the Simon- offsky Monastery once stood has been raised the foundation of a new Palace of Culture. Already a small theater has been constructed, and a new big theater housing 4,000 people is being finished. When the capitalists ran ou fac- tory we only produced a small, three-phase type of motor, whereas now we are perfecting the produc- | Used to Work 10 to 12 Hrs. | a Day, Now Has 7-Hour Day; Describes Improved Living Conditions tion of the most complicated kind of machines, even electrical ma- jchinery. + | Many new departments have been |developed, of metallurgy, varicus types of apparatus, an electrical |cepartment, and a crane depart- ment, and a series of auxiliary s| tions, Only within the last three years our Department of Metal- jurgy has grown to three times its former size. The one-time pro- duction’ department has grown to three times its former: size. We have a_seven-hour working day row. The average salaries are from 200 to 950 rubles a month. Com: @ ist University At present in the factory is be- jag organized a District Commu- ii University, another division for the studying of Journalism, and a Workers’ Group which is to pre- pare them to attend the Institute of Red Professors. Ten engineers, our skilled work- ers, are at present building at the “Dinamo” factory a new electrical department and a department for the construction of complicated mo- tors. Almost 700 of our children are studying in the Higher Techni- cal Schools, the Universities, or the Technical Schools. More than 2,000 workers are studying in the dif- ferent Marx, Lenin and Stalin groups. : I-have two grown sons working at the factory, and studying; and my 16 year old» adopted son also works and studies. (In the U.S.S.R. if a ‘boy of. 16 works, he works fewer hours and his working-day ig shorter than that of the older worker.) All together we earn Guite a tidy bit, and we always have enough money left over after we've met all our expenses to buy books and.to spend on other cul- tural forms of amusement and edu- cation. And in the old days, who would have thought that we old men would have dared to dream that we too some day might be studying to read and to write. A warm greeting to all you dear} comrades from our workers, who, not raising their eyes from their, work, are forging ahead in their pbuilding of a new happy classless Socialist Society. Your comrade, —Semen Trofimoviteh Priyanichnikoff. The Lenin Suburbs. The “Dinamo” Factory. WITH OUR YOUNG READERS Forging Ahead! NLY sixteen years ago the work- ers and peasants of Russia joined hands, under the leadership of the Communist Party, to lift the heavy arm of exploitation, misery and starv- ation which crushed them, and to overthrow capitalism. Then they es- tablished a government of workers and farmers—“The Union of Social- ist Soviet Republics.” This is very important history for the boys and girls of America, as well as for the boys and girls of other capitalist countries. The workers and their children in these countries are now going through the same things the workers of Russia went through before they threw out the bosses. We go with- out bread and shoes. Unemploy- ment relief has been cut to nearly nothing. Hot lunches, free milk and clothing have been taken away in a number of the few schools that used to give these things. Under the “New Deal” we’re not supposed to be hungry! Yet prices have shot up so high that we get less to eat now than we used to! These conditions are very dif- ferent from conditions in the So- viet Union, the only country where there is no crisis! It hav success- fully carried throug is first Five- Year Plan and has started on a sec- ond. Even the bosses’ newspapers have to admit that ‘Russia is now one of the great nations of the world!” Working hours have been reduced there, wages are being in- creased, there is no unemployment, there is no discrimination against other races, and no child labor is permitted. Instead, tremendous sums of money are being spent for nurseries, kindergartens, schools, children’s clubs, camps, and newspapers for children. Theatres, parks, concerts, museums are opened for the chil- dren of the workers—this is what we find in a workers’ country. The capitalist class hates to see the Soviet Union get ahead, be- cause they realize it makes their “progress backwards” all the more noticeable. So the eapitalist coun- tries want to make war on the So- viet Union. In the schools, in the newspapers, in the movies, everywhere, lies ONE DAY IN THIS CHAIR WITH HIS FEET IN THE AIR| THE CHAIR AT THAT WORD, (IT SEEMS QUITE ABSURD) FOR IF THE GOATS BEARD THAT CHALLENGE RAD HEARD} about the Soviet Union are being spread, in order to mislead the workers and their children—blind- fold them so that they, will not know the truth about the real de- velopment of the Soviet Union. oe It is up to us, the elass conscious workers and boys and girls of work- ers, to spread the truth about the Soviet Union, in our shops, schools, clubs, and among our friends and neighbors. Through plays, poems, stories, and drawings, we must build a wall of workers’ defense around the Soviet Union and pre- vent the capitalists from making war on it. * As we srnegle for relief during Open School Week, we can point out that in the Soviet Union the children do not have to struggle for relief. We must point out that there the schools are not run by bosses, so they can put their ideas across, but by representatives. of students, parents, trade unions, and other workers’ organizations. As we struggle for food for Thanksgiving, we can tell our class- mates that it is in the Soviet Union that workers can be thankful for everything. In all our work, we must cele- brate the victory of the workers and poor farmers of the Soviet Union! . « WHICH WAS UTTER'D BY GREEN WITH A WAG OF PRIDE, EACH PARTICULAR HAIR, STOOD ON END IN THE CHAIR . A Pioneer Song (Tune of Casey Jones) Come all you comrades if you’d like to hear A story about a brave Pioneer. V. I. Lenin was this comrade’ name, And in Soviet Russia he won his fame. Chorus V. I. Lenin led the Revolution V. I. Lenin went. to take. command V. I. Lenin led the Revolution And turned a hell on earth into a promised land! The Tsar declared a slaughter in 1-9-1-4, The workers were the victims as they always were before, But the workers turned around with their bayonets in their hands And they smote down all the ty- rants in their native land! In the month of October, nineteen seventeen, The greatest Revolution the world has ever seen— They routed all the parasites, but that’s not all: They're building up @ systeu that will never fall. Lenin said before he died: “The Communist Party your guide. The scarlet standard is your em- blem dear,” So rally, comrades of the world, your day is near! —Carl Rush, 13, Canada. (Reprinted from the November NEW PIONEER) * * * In the Soviet Union There is no unemployment Because all workers produce Not for the fat capitalists But for their own use. —Py Nier. (From the November PIONEER) ° * . \nnouncements The November “New Pioneer” is out! Write in and let us know what you think of it. Yes, we mean you! The cover shows the work- ers of Russia storming the Winter Palace. Do you like it? There are three swell stories—entries in the “New Pioneer” Story Contest— “Southern. Surprise,” “Fugitive from Fascist Finland,” and “Neigh- bors.’ There’s a whole page of puzzles. Try ’em! There’s a “How to Make.” There’s a song called “The Farmer in the Dell.” There are letters from the Pioneers of Cuba, Scotland, the U.S.S.R.. and various parts of the United. States. Buy the magazine now and sell it at your affairs! And don’t forget to write in your criticism! shall be . . The results of the story contest the “New Pioneer” announced in September have been so encourag- ing that the closing date has been extended till January . 1st. Pioneer-writers, and tell them to enter the contest! IN VAIN DID —By O’Zim HE SHRIEKED WITH PAIN, BUT ALL EFFORTS WERE VAIN HE STRAIN EVERY SINEW AND MUSCLE , THE CUSHION STUCK FAST, FROM THAT HOUR TO HIS LAST GRIPPING THE SKIN OF GREEN'S YELLOW BACKSIDE! IHE COULD NEVER GET RID OF THAT COMPORTLESS BUSTLE. PARTY LIFE Young Workers for the YCL i tions.) 87, Station D, New York, Each Saturday this column will Young Communist League and to the work among the youth (in the fac- | tories, among the unemployed, in the trade unions, and mass otganiza- We invite youth comrades to send us their experiences, and par- ticularly request Party members to contribute to the column by telling us of their work, of their successes and failures—in building the Y. C. L.|_ and the youth sections of the trade unions and mass organizations. Send your contributions to the Org Commission, Communist Party, P. 0. Box uss probiems pertaining to the By GIL GREEN (OVEMBER, 7th, the sixteenth anni- verserv of the Russian Revolution, is the day upon which the Young Communist League will start its na- tional recruiting drive. This drive which will continue to January 15th, the anniversary of the murder of Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxem- burg, has as its aim: 1) To build the Leagve in the key factories of basic industry; 2) To increase the member- ship of the League to a minimum of 10,000 as a step in the direction of catching up to and surpassing the Party in s 3) To increase the sir- culation of the YOUNG WORKER to 25,000 weekly. The entire Party must understand the importance of this drive. Not alone must the Party cooperate and help the YCL in this drive, but must accept the political responsibility for its successful conclusion, The period of this drive must find the entire Party, its press and the revolutionary inass organizations, actively working among the generation of working class youth and recruiting into the Young Communist League. This makes necessary the following practical steps: . Every leading Party whether district, secti or unit, should hold a special discussion on the Young Communist League recruiting drive. These Party committees must concretely take up the problems of this drive and with the leading com- mittees of the Young Communist League and check up from week to week on the outcome of the drive. 2. Not alone must the Party com- mittees.help the Y.C.L. in the drive, committee but mobilize the Party membershiy and the workers in the mass organiza tions for the building of the Y.CL Every district section and unit of Party should set its own quota recruiting into the Y.C LL. 3. The recruiting drive should be diseussed in every Party unit, Thi; discussion should explain to the Party membership the special problems o' the youth, the growing militancy anc vadicalization of the young workers their importance for the revolutionars movement, why we need a separatc Communist youth organization, the difference between the Y.C.L. and the Party, and how the Party gives lead- ership to the ¥.C.L. and must help if become a broad mass organization It is through such a discussion that the Parity membership must. be mobil- ized for the drive. The slogan of the Party should become: “Every Part member to recruit one young worker for the Y.C.L. durirg the period of the drive. 4, The Party must understand that) this drive must not alone result in numerically increasing the ¥.C.L., but} in improving its social and national composition and rooting it in the fac- tories. For this reason the greatest) emphasis must be placed on recruit- ing young workers from the shops and building the League on a shop basis, This means that the Party, must especially work to carry through the decision of the 12th Plenum cf the Communist International, that: “A Y,.C.L, shop nucleus must be built) alongside of every Party shop nuc~ leus.” (TO BE CONTINUED) Soviet the care of public and individual are in imminent danger, while in the Soviet Union these principles are ‘| constantly applied in practice and for the sole benefit of the working class and its individual members, ‘The preventive measures begin with the care of the infant in the system of creches (nurseries) the principles, methods and routines of which have been extensively described by Alice Withrow Field in her book “Protection of Women and Children in Russia” (Dutton, $3). These nur- series, which are found in most of the factories and collectives, enable the mothers to nurse their infants while at work and may be credited with a large part in the fall of the mortality (death rate) which recent statistics show when compared to the terrible holocaust which prevailed under the Czarist regime. Working hours for juveniles from 14 to 16 years of age are restricted to 4 hours, and those between 16 and 18 are not allowed to work more than 6 hours. Child labor, which is so prevalent {n our own country, par- ticularly in the South, is, of course, absolutely forbidden in Russia. What this means to the coming generation, only those who have observed the terrible physical and mental degen- eration of the child factory slave can fully appreciate. In order to prevent undue strain, the juvenile’s output is fixed at three quarters of that of the adult. They are not permitted to do overtime nor night work and prohibited to labor at nearly 150 dangerous jobs and trades. Juveniles are compelled to undergo a medical examination at least once’ a year and they are al- lowed a two-weeks extra vacation, in addition to the holidays customary to adult workers. ‘The Institute for the Protection of Mother and Child is in charge of all the Soviet Government's activities in this field and the Commissariat of Get | Public Health cooperates with the busy! Get after your leaders, and | Institute in all matters pertaining to your John Reed Clubs, and your| Women and children. Regulations are equally enforced regarding female labor. Expectant and nursing mothers must not work overtime or nights. From the 5th month of pregnancy on, women have to be employed in one definite place. Nursing mothers are allowed 30 min- utes every 3% hours to nurse their children. These intervals are reck- oned as part of the working time and are paid for as such. Women performing physical work, receive 8 weeks leave before and 8 weeks after their confinement; mental workers get 6 weeks respectively, full wages, are paid during these periods, and a lump sum, amounting to half the wage, is allotted to the new-born baby. An additional sum amounting to 1-8 of the wage is allowed during the first nine months of the child's life. A pregnant woman cannot be discharged from, work, except for some extraordinary reason. are ok ‘VERY worker gets two weeks vaca- tion efter working for 54 months. If he is ill, he gets more, sickness benefit being paid by the health in- Prevention and Care of Disease in th By PAUL LUITINGER, M.D. N ACCORDANCE with the best principles of modern scientific medicine, sizes the superiority of prophylactic (curative) measures. These principles are recognized in theory’ all over — the world, but under the capitalist scheme they remain a dead letter. They are carried out only when profitse Union health in the Sovict Union empha- (preventative) over surance fund and amounting to full wages. ‘rade Union members r}) quiring special treatment, bath |, mineral waters,—are sent to» healt, resorts, free of charge or at a small fee. They are also sent to convales- cent homes or on steamers (‘float- ing sanatoria”) going up and down the Volge. There are rigid regulations in re- gard to trade hazards; special protec- tive clothing and appliances are dis- tributed to those working at danger- ous jobs, The working day consists of 8 hours and the weekly»-uninter- rupted rest amounts to 42 hours, Office employees and those. having hazardous occupations, work: only 6 hours daily. Not more than 120 hours therapeutic | ) y ——— overtime per year is allowed. Social | insurance, unemployment benefit, ac- cident, illness and old age“pensions, | all combine to protect the. physical ~ and mental health of the worker. A new form of dispensary, unknown to any capitalist state, has, been de- veloped in the U. S. 8. R,, namely, the Medical Station. shop and collective farm now has a medical nucleus. These “nuclei or stations unify the work of the vari- ous medical sections and relates them with the activities of the face tories and farms. Thus, the basis of the workers’ health is found in the factory or workshop. There is one surgical assistant to every 200 workers and, in the chemical indus- try, to every 100 workers. The increase in the number of special hospitals and sanatoria for such diseases as tuberculosis, vene- real infections, cancer, mental cases, etc., has been phenomenal and the methods used are rapidly being adopted by other countries, Physicians are trained in Govern- ment Colleges at the expense of the State. After graduation they are sent out where there is need for medical services. After a cert{in number of years practice, the yoy 1g physician is allowed to specialize) / Many diseases such as enurasti- emia and malingering are rarely seen in Russia. Americans suffering from constipation are promptly cured by the diet of black bread and cabbage soup. Finally there is an active propa« ganda through the means of leaflets, movies and lectures on the preven- tion of infections and occupational diseases, pre-natal care, personal hygicne, public sanitation, etc. Yea, the job of a health columnist in the Soviet Union should be a cinch: The Government does all his work! ss Helping the Daily Worker Through Dr. Luttinger Contributions received to the of Dr. Luttinger in his Socialist com- petition with Michael Gold; Edward Newhouse, Helen Luke, Jacob Burck an Dell to raise $1.000 in the $40,000 Daily Worker Drive: , Fred John Previous total TOTAL TO DATE «-ee. Every factory, ©