The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 18, 1933, Page 1

Fight Against Bosses’ War by Fighting for “Daily” With Your Dollars! Vol. X, No. 250 * America’s Only Working Class Daily Newspaper L inal _ spol WEATHER:—Eastern New York: Partly cloudy, possibly occasional rain Wednesday. (Section of the Communist International) q ce NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1933 _ ix Payee) Price 3 Cents HILDREN ‘New Mexico Military Court Sends § Strike Head to Penitentiary "Secret War Pact | For Attack on USSR. Japanese Spokesmen Hail War Moves of Nazi Germany; French Reported Planning Reported Loan to Manchukuo TOKIO, Oct. 17.—Japanese officials yesterday hailed the war crisis precipitated in Europe by the German Fascist dictatorship as directly af- fecting the Soviet Union as a result of the “ominous developments among her Western neighbors.” A foreign office spokesman declared: “The crisis affects Japan only indirectly through its effect on the Russian policy in the Far East, which \Swanson Inspects is the phase we are following most closely.” The spokesman refused to comment | on reports in the Paris press of a secret agreement between Japan and Germany for armed_ intervention against the Sovict Union, “perhaps with the participation of another European power.” He admitted that Japanese imperialism “generally sympathizes with Germany.” Meantime, there are indications | that the Japenese will modify their military policy in North China in an | attempt to engthen the counter- | revolutiox Nanking Government for its sixth campaign against the Chinese Soviets and as a probable | ally, wiih the Russian White Guards | in Manchuria, for armed intervention against the Soviet Union. The French are also negotiating to make a loan of $60,000,000 to the Japanese puppet | state in Menchuria. MOSCOW, Oct. 17. press publishes today, without com- ment, a Paris ceble that well-in- formed circles in the French capital | assart that Japan and Ge: ny have | a definite agreement perhaps with the other European pow Soviet Union. “Tavestia” and “Pravda” both car- 4 ried long comments on the bolt of | Fascist Germany from the League of Nations. “Izvestia” points out that | . the German exit, following that of | Japan, “witnesses the complete bank- | ruptcy of the League of Nations and the crash of all the pacifist illusions | disseminated among the world’s | masses through the agency of Geneva. Thus the whole system of post-war relations, pacts and agree- | ments is also shown to be bankrupt. No wonder Germany's step is greeted in the canitals of the bourgeois world —Paris London and Washington— with the utmost alarm.” “Pravda” declares that the capital- 5 ~ The Soviet | —— * a new world slaughter. It the war aims of the Naz’ dictatorship, declaring Germany's bolt from the League an attempt to create an internal diversion as the fifth hunger winter of the capitalist world crisis approaches. It points out that even with the Soviet Union, which showed no hostility toward Germeny, “German /government | circles have done everything they could to spoil relations.” . 8 BERLIN, Oct. 17.—Foreign political} circles here today characterized as a “national referendum for war” the national elections ordered by the German Nazis for four weeks hence, Following the election with its fore- gone “victory” for the Nazis, the only party’ permitted on the ballot, President Hindenburg is expected to resign to give Hitler a free hand for his war policies. The Nazis are already whipping! up war hysteria in an effort to di- vert the masses from the burning problem of starvation and further worsening of conditions with the rapid approach of the fifth winter of the crisis. Baron Constantin von Neurath, German Foreign Minister, broadcasting Jast night under the auspices of the Nazi ministry, bluntly ¥ accused the British government of precipitating the critical inter-im- perialist situation, | erie Ge PARIS, Oct. 17.—Armament stocks soared to new high levels yesterday as the tension between Germany and the victor powers in the last world war increased. Capital is reported in flight from the continent as many in- | vestors transferred their funds to the United States. German bonds have sagged on the Paris and Lon- | don markets. Speaking in the French Chamber of Deputies yesterday, Premier Edouard Daladier made a _ veiled threat of a united front with Britain and other powers against Germany, declaring that “France is not isolated today, On the contrary, France never before had so many friends thro out the world.” Without mentio the vast system of forts recently cons structed near the German frontic Daladier declared that France “is sured of her defenses.” Meantir French bourgeois politicians are ra ing the deceptive slogan of a “pre- ventive war” to justify an invasion ot Germany by the armies of France and its Navy Yard, Calls for Biggest Navy BREMERTON, Wash., Oct. 17.— Claude A. Swanson, Roosevelt’s Secretary of he Navy, and Big Navy advocate, inspected the Puget Sound Navy Yard today to assure U. S. readiness for war. He later issued a statement pledging the Wall Street government to exert its utmost efforts to beats its im- perialist rivals in the increasing mad armanens race. Swanson declared the U. S. gov- ernment would build a “treaty navy” second to none, Davis Admits That Powers Seek New War Alignments |U. S. Delegate Exerts Pressure on French and British Rivals GENEVA, Oct. Davis, chairman of the American delegation to the “disarmament” conference yesterday admitted that the adjournment of the conference for ten days was effected to allow the imperialist powers to seek new alignments in the rapidly developing war crisis in Europe. Adjournment of the conference was upon the in- sistence of the American delegation. With the Wall Street Government up armaments in a frantic for war, Davis declared that the American delegation was in Gen- eva “solely for disarmament pur- poses.” He stated that the Washing- ton government was not. interested in the political elements or any purely European aspect of the pic- ture, but covered up the existence of huge U. S. investments in the European countries, and the role of beri investments in dictating U. S. s’ profession of U. 8. aloofness and ‘aolaton was interpreted in rival imperialist circles as a threat by the American government to “wash its hands” off the “disarmament” con- ference and withdraw from the anti-German front unless its rival imperialists submitted to the U. S. program for the reduction of the armaments of its rivals. Davis’ pro- fession of U. S. isolation merely serves to emphasize the aggressive policies of the Wall Street Govern- ment against its imperialist rivals. UNIT 3 MAKES CHALLENGE Unit 3, Section 2, Communist Party, raised $125 for the “Daily” at a recent party. It challenges all other units in Section 2 to duplicate this feat, Let's go, Units of Sec- tion 2! 17.—Norman_ .| | announced that a speedy preliminary -| their visit to Snow Hill to defend 7,000 Dyers) FARMERS HELP. Sweep Aside AFL Chiefs Agi hcl Meet Cheers Burlak, Drives Out Lovestoneite By MARTIN RUSSAK PATERSON, N. J., Oct. 17.—Over 7,000 A. F. of L. and unorganized dye and silk strikers assembling to hear reports on the achievement of unity in the strike, jammed Turn Hall and milled out in the streets outside in a solid mass that could not be moved by the police. Earlier in the day the hand-picked A. F. of L. Shop Delegates Body, | dominated by the Lovestonite organ- izer of the dyers local of the A. F. of L., Jack Rubinstein and other U. T. W. officials had refused to meet with the N. T. W. U. committee to con- sider the proposals of the A. F. of L. workers and N. T. W. U. for organiz~- ing the actual mass unity already won in the strike. This action was taken in face of the overwhelming demand for unity and mass revolt against the U. T. W. officials by the rank and file. The splitting officials, Rubinstein and Yannerelli did not even permit a vote of the shop delegates. ‘The Turn Hall A. F. of L. mass meeting became a furious repudia- tion of Rubinstein and the other A. F. of L. leaders trying to block unity and Vigortio, president of the A. F. of L. Dyers Local and others, spoke. for unity. Ann Burlak’s ap- with a wild applause. A. F. of L. workers, surounding her in a solid body, had prevented the efforts of | Rubinstein’s henchmen to keep her (Continued on Page Two) ‘Mob Threatens Negro Workers in Maryland) | | | Hearing on Euel Lee} Case on Thursday Before Governor BALTIMORE, Oct. 17.— Another Euel Lee frame-up case loomed here today as a lynch mob, organized in| Salisbury, Snow Hill and Princess Anne, attempted to lynch George | Armwood, 40-year old Negro worker, arrested in Princess Anne on “sus- picion” of attacking Mrs. Mary Den- ston, a white woman. Armwood was taken to the Baltimore City jail for safety. State’s Attorney John B. Robins | hearing would be arranged for the Negro worker. The town of Snow Hill figured | greatly in the attempts to lynch Euel Lee, shortly after his arrest on a framed charge of murder. Snow Hill lynch gangs also attempted to lynch Bernard Ades, International Labor Defense, and a woman aide, upon Lee. A delegation of workers and in- tellectuals will visit Governor Ritchie on Thursday to demand executive clemency for Euel Lee, whose appeal for a new trial was rejected last week by the U. S. Supreme Court.. Gov. Ritchie had announced his readiness to sign the death warrant at once, but mass protests, organized by the In- ternational Labor Defense, forced him to change his mind and agree to receive the delegation. perance on the platform was greeted” “TA: ILY” Editor, Daily Worker: Enclosed find money order for $4.55. Ironwood, Mich. This was raised by col- lecting potatoes from among us farmers in this territory and selling them. We have no cash. We dre on the verge of utter poverty. This was the only way we could taise funds for the Daily Worker. ‘The Daily Worker fights for us, We fight for our Daily Worker.” . * . $25 from Farmers’ Cooperative The Workers’ and Farmers’ Co-operative Unity Alliance, Superior, Wis., rushed $25 to the Daily Worker. Chicago workers sent. $151, Detroit airmailed $52, Baltimore raised $65, and pledges to raise more by Saturday. ° What Is Your Answer? The Daily Worker MUST HAVE $13,600 within two weeks in order to carry on. Many have answered the “Daily’s” cry for help with great sacrifice. Worker is in a grave situation YOUR FIGHTING “DAILY?” There is no time to be lost. Many have not; and this is why our Daily ARE YOU DEFENDING THOSE today. WHO HELP THE DAILY WORKER DEFEND OUR CLASS AGAINST THE BOSSES. YOU Rush your donation today. MUST TAKE SIDES! “Collect. from your friends, from your fellow shop workers. Hold affairs for the “Daily.” Get your organization to contribute. THE “DAILY” APPEALS TO YOU! What is your answer? Are you sharpening or dulling your mighty weapon against the rich ruling class? SHARPEN IT TODAY WITH YOUR FINANCIAL SUPPORT! Tuesday’s receipts .... Previous total TOTAL TO DATE ceeceeesG 618.92 o's leo 0 0901 HOD ssceecccceees «G10,196,01 Nygard Arrives To Aid New York Election Drive Red Mayor Is Guest at} Star Casino Banquet Tonight NEW YORK.—Emile Nygard, first Communist Mayor in the United States, arrived here yesterday after- noon from Crosby, Minn., and plunged at once into the Communist Party election campaign in New York. Stepping from the transcontinental bus in which ‘he had been riding for 60 hours, Nygard responded to the enthusiastic reception of several hun- dred workers who had waited for him over an hour at the terminal on 34th St., with a brief talk. Candidates Greet Mayor. Williana Burroughs, James W.| Ford, Henry Sheppard, and numer- ous other Communist candidates in the present election were among those who welcomed the Communist Mayor. As each bus arrived around the time that Nygard was due, the crowd surged forward expectantly. Finally the bus carrying Nygard rolled in, a few seconds elapsed before the 192-pounds, six-foot red-haired metal miner from Cayuna iron range of Minnesota was recognized, and a cheer rose. Nygard spoke briefly about the achievements and difficulties which he has encountered as a Communist official. Later Nygard expressed pleasure | when informed that more than 2,000 workers had already secured places for the Election Campaign Banquet at New Star Casino, 107th St. and Park Ave., tonight, at which he will be the guest of honor. Other speakers will be Robert Minor, Com- munist candidate for Mayor in New York, and “Mother” Bloor, 71- ee oe labor organizer and agi- tal Shoe Strikers in Big Demonstration “An Open Shop Rather | Than Boot,ShoeUnion,” Strikers Tell Whalen NEW YORK.—While 2,000 shoe | strikers paraded up and down in front of 45 Broadway, N.R.A, head- quarters, Fred Biedenkapp, heading a delegation of striking shoe, stitch-| down and slipper workers, met with Grover Whalen and registered the| | protest of the strikers against the | | latest. strike-breaking move of Gro- | | ver Whalen, the shoe bosses and the | A, F. of L. officials. Outside, the workers marched, ex- pressing their demand that the | N.R.A. keep its hands off their strike. | “Down with the rotten Boot and |Shoe Workers Union,” was the cry raised in the crowd of pickets as they paced back and forth. Cops swarmed everywhere. Two emergency wagons came up; mounted police were secreted in every corner ready to pounce upon the crowd. But the pickets were well disciplined. They continued the picket line until the order came to leave for Manhattan Lyceum, where they were to receive the report of the delegation at a (CONTINUED ON PAGE TWO) Other Nygard Meetings ‘Temorrow Night—Webster Hall, 119 E. 11th St., auspices Unemployed Council. Ben Gold aiso speaks. Same night: Hunts Point Palace, 163d St. and So, Bouievard; other | speakers, Earl Browder, Carl ‘Brodsky. Friday Night—Carpenters’ Hall, Paterson, N. J., followed by ban- quet. Sunday Afternoon at land Palace, 155th St. and Eighth Ave. Record of McKee, Workers’ Enemy, Shows Graft, Deception oe TPresent Candidate on Bankers’ Recovery Ticket Plundered Funds of f City for Many Years; Now Is in the Pay of Both the Morgan and Rockefeller Interests By JAMES CASEY OSEPH V. McKEE is a finished product of the capitalist school of polities, ‘The mayoralty candidate on the bankers’ Recovery ticket is a hypo- crite, an opportunist, a falsifier of established facts, a cunning deceiver and a plunderer of city funds. McKee began his public career as a truckling henchman of Charles F. Murphy, ruthless boss of Tammany up to his death in 1924. He continued his services for the machine through ne regime of Judge George U. Ol- vaney. In recent years when the dis- ution of graft, under Boss Curry, ame so wild and unseemly as to ir nation-wide attention, McKee | steadfastly and faithfully co-operat- | ed with and upheld the Tammany leaders. McKee ts now in the pay of both the Morgan and Rockefeller inter- ests. This is a matter which the whole capifalist press chooses to pass over in strict. silence. And most important of all, McKee is a furtive and scheming enemy of the working class of many years standing. As an assemblyman for the city’s Democratic machine, McKee promot- ed the interests of the bankers in the State Legislature. As a Tammany judge, McKee learned to; juggle phrases and build up alibis for misconduct in public office. As President of the Board of Al- dermen, McKee worked hand in glove with the other Tammanyites, whom he now calls “stupid and corrupt.” And today, as a banker, McKee is regarded by financiers and industri- alists as a highly satisfactory candi- date for Mayor. The spectacle of McKee declaring that he is not controlled by any boss ‘is one of his old tricks dragged out his political bag. Years ago McKee peddied the same lie to the voters. This trick swept him into office. To- day, as the tool of Boss Edward J. Flynn, he hopes to fool the voters once more. In the summer of 1925 when he! was campaigning for office with James J. Walker the charge was made that the two were puppets of the robber Tammany machine. Mc- Kee then vowed that he and Walker had no bosses. Here are his words delivered in a Brooklyn speech on Aug. 28, 1925: “I want you to look at Senator Walker. (Walker was then a State Senator.) I want you to look at my- self. I ask you people of Brooklyn, you home-loving people, if you hon- estly believe, do you sincerely believe, that our election means the selling out of our city and the betrayal of our people to those who gain their | wealth and have their control in the lower strata of our society?” | Very possibly McKee did not think at that time that these words would be hurled back at him to indict him in his new political venture. For, as events proved, McKee'’s election and that of Walker did mean exactly the selling out of the city—the people at N. R.A. Othiees| 4 3—Rock- | Bight Others Face Drum Head Trial Militant Coal Strike! in 9th Week; Protest to Roosevelt GALLUP, N. M., Oct. 17.—Robert | F. Roberts, strike leader and official | of the National Miners Union, was sentenced to serve six months in the | state penitentiary for his strike ac- | tivity at a drum-head court martial | ordered by General Woods. Eight others, including Herbert | Unemployed Councils, and Lynch, | | International Labor Defense attor- | ney, are on trial for obstructing | “martial Jaw.” It is expected they will receive similar sentences. | George Kaplan, organizer for the| |International Labor Defense, and , Harry Allender, youth organizer for the union, are both in hospitals suf- | fering from exposure and starvation due to refusal to feed them when they would not dig latrines for the militia. | | . A nation-wide protest should be | |} aroused immediately against this! N.R.A. military rule against striking | miners. Protests should be sent t | the governor of New Mexico at San- | ta Fe; protests should be sent to} | President Roosevelt against N.R.A | martial law. | Green Tells 15,000 } ‘Steel Strikers to (Quit Without Union | NRAL abor wr BoardGive es | Steel Bosses Weapon o Smash Strike | | WASHINGTON, Oct. 17. — The | Weirton Steel Co. wa: | first demand terday 115,000 strikers by the N. |the A, F. of L. offic on the Na- | tional Labor Board—that the strikers return to work immediately without union recognition. | The strike started when workers | found their wages cut, and rapidly; | spread to three cities where the Weir- {ton Steel Co, has plants. It was the | | first shut-down in 20 years. Ernest T. Weir, chairman of the board of the steel company, declared |he was living up to the full letter of | the steel code and refused union rec- ognition. | "The leadership of the strike is in| the hands of A. F. of L. officials of | |the Amalgamated Association of | | Tron, Steel and Tin Workers. The} {leaders urged the men to refrain | from picketing, which permitted | scabs to be run into the plant. Later, | |the workers rejected this order, and | R. A. 2 | frequently c state troopers | protecting scabs | Yesterday after | meetings between the | and the National Labor Bi inent on which were William Green | and John L. Lewis, active in breaking | | the miners’ strike, a set of proposals | | agreeable to Mr. Weir were worked | out and approved by William J. Long, | president of the Weir Cove Lodge of the A. A. } The proposai (1) Strike to} end immediat shout union rec- | ognition; (2) no discrimina n against | strikers; (3) an election of workers’ | representatives in th esecond week in | December; (4) N. R. A. section 7a to | | apply on collective bargaining; (4) no | strikes, but submission of disputes to | the N. R. A. The workers have not yet been {given an opportunity to vote on the | proposals were betrayed and the treasury was pilfered by the political servants of Wall Street. When the first sentment against the odious Wa jadministration made — themse | heard in the capitalist press back in | | 1926, McKee showed his loyalty to |the Tammany gang of grafters. He came out publicly to praise Tamma~ ny spokesmen in office. On July 2, 1926, he went so far as to write a) personal letter to Mayor Walker eu- logizing him. for his accomplish- ments. grew steadily did his litt Aug. 1, 1927, personal letter to We him for his “good wor! When, in 1929, the storm began} to break all about Walker and the | other Tammanyites, McKee burst | rumblings of re- ves But the rumblings of protest | Again McKee louder. (Continued on Page Three) | Fayette County | “The | 18 children, were charged with the P| appr | trial, | Marees van Swinceren, HUNDREDS OF SHOTS ARE © FIRED; HOMES ATTACKED; 30,000 SOLID IN STRIKE Miners Endorse Call for Central Conferente Friday to Set Up Leadership a nd Demands PITTSBURGH, Pa., Oct. 17—Many miners and their wives and children were wounded and their homes destroyed when Frick Coke Co. (U. S. Steel subsidiary) thugs attacked picket lines and striking miners’ homes in Fayette County this morn- captive mines. | Benjamin, national organizer of the| ing in an effort to smash the strike of 30,000 miners in the Following General Johnson’s threats against mine strik- | ers, Labor Secretary Plans Starvation to Break Strike Johnson Says Strike-| breaking Program | Was “Discussed” | By MARGUERITE YOUNG | (Daily Worker Washington Bureau) WASHINGTON, Oct. 17.—Secretary | | of Labor Frances Perkins today Jet | go unchallenged a statement that| the Federal Emergency Relief Ad- ministration will refuse relief to| | strikers if ordered to do so by the} at Croatian Hall, Labor Department. At the same j time Perkins admitted the strike- breaking character of her own de- partment’s “conciliation” division. She was asked in her General | Press Conference whether the N. R. A. has made any suggestion of using | weapon which unquestionably | exists"—that of denying relief to} kers considered “unjustified” in| king. Perkins’ only response was | that there has as yet been no sug- | sestion that a st: should be de-| clared “unjustified, “Don’t your own ‘conciliators’ de- | termine the merits of disputes when | ; they go in to ‘mediate,’” your corre- | (CONTINUED ON abl geet TWO) 59 Communists in | New Lynch Trial In Nazi Germany Witness in Arson Trial Tells of Secret Tunnel to Goering’s Home BERLIN, Oct. 17.—Another mass trial of revoiutionary workers opened im a Berlin court today when 59 Communists, among them slaying of a Nazi storm trooper, Hans Eberhard Maikowski, and Policeman Josep’) Zauritz, in a political clash last January 30 when workers defended themselves against an attack by armed Nazis, | aided by the police, during a storm | troopers’ parade through a work- ing-class district. . oe BERLIN, Oct. 17.—The Nazi prose~ cution in the Reichstag arson trial prepared today to call four Nazi chiefs as witnesses in an attempt to answer the smashing exposures of bestiality and. terror contained the Brown Book of the Hitler ror. The Nazi leaders, who aro supposed to be summoned as witnesses, are in | Wilhelm Goering, premier of Prus- | sia and police head, whose monstrous | orders to his men to shoot down| revolutionary workers on sight are) published in the Brown Book; Dr. Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Minister of | Public Enlightenment and Propa- ganda; wdmiJ ifcines ond wolf Hedrich von Heildorf. Following the announcement 17! the Nazi prosecutor that these four, would be called, George Dimitroff, | Bulgarian Communist leader, arose from his seat and demanded he be allowed to read the “Brown Book.” The court pretended it would con- side: [3 request, | T Nazis continued today their} attacks on foreign correspondents | daring to cable their papers anything | ximating a true account of the | with the arrest of Cornelis de) ent of the Dutch paper Courant.” Van Swinderen was arrest- ed on complaints of German fas- cists in Java, East Indies, against his articles. and Governor Pinchot’s order for the miners to return ———___—_—_————? to work, hundreds of shots wete fired from ambush by the. U, -S. Steel Corporation subsidiary’s. gune | men at mine pickets today. Bloody attacks are becoming in- | creasingly sharp, as all federal, state and steel trust forces are concentrat- ing to shoot the coal miners back into the pits under scab and slave conditions. Most of the commercial mines are now working, but the workers in all captive mines, in and out of Fayette County, mines owned by the pow- ft steel corporations, are solid in ‘ heir strike. Call Central Conference ‘Ten thousand copies of a call for . a conference of all local unions in U. M. W. A. Districts 2, 3, 4 and 5, to elect a central strike leadershin. and draw up detailed demands. of : the miners, to be held Friday, Oct. 20, West Brownsville, Pa., have been issued. The confer- ence was decided on at a meeting of 10 locals of the U. M. W. A, held * |last Friday. The call for iuis con- * ference was endorsed by the Fayette ' County miners and Martin Ryan, in- ' surgent leader. Because the District Conference ‘ was held in Fayette County at the ' | same time the conference of the lefp ‘ wing forces was held, represente- * tives from this most importané field + could not attend the Brownsville ' Conference. They therefore held a copara‘2 | conference last Saturday, at which Martin Ryan, insurgent strike leader of the Fayette County miners, was | present, besides other important lo- | cal leaders. Ryan explained the strategy of his position in the conference held last Friday, to which Lewis issued his famous Ww Ing against the rank | and file ousting Feeney and elect- ing their own officials. Ryan de-' clared his strategy as being in the, best interest of the whole strut against the Lewis leadership and coal companies. Ryan Supports Call He urged endorsement of the con= ference being called for the pea jership and + mulate demands against the sae ment. He attacked the Lewis lead- ership from top to bottom vigorously, explaining that the Lewis leadership was trying to split the Fayette County miners and wanted to man- euver another Kansas-Howat situa- tion. Ryan explained his stand was to avoid a split at this time, Face Gunfire He said that to continue sending caravans of strike pickets from Fayette alone under gunfire of Frick | Co, thugs, and with the “protection” of state troopers withdrawn, would mean that the miners would have to arm themselves for battle, and, therefore, could only be sent out where there is a call for help, ahd then only in the daytime. He explained that there ts no money in his local, with other locals being many thousands of dollars in debt for gas artd_oil, The conference unanimously voted mobilize for Friday's co Ryan accepted the criticismof to | Shortcomings in the strike, sand | agreed it was necessary to strengthen the leadership with experienced forces, E He ed that the position of the Neiional Miners’ Union in the strikes should be commended, and that their line was a eae one. Whalen Bat Bars Pickets~ From Wanamaker’s | NEW YORK.—When_ strikebredk- ers coninued to wash Wanamakers’ windows after union members ‘had ved a protest to the A. F. of L. officials end to Whalen, local N, R. A. head, the strikers decided to — Picket tie store on Mondays : pickets were met with poli¢e and were driven away from Whalea’s j store, g