The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 10, 1933, Page 6

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Published by the Compredaily Publishing Ge., Ine., daily except Sunday, at 5¢ E Dail , Page Six 19& Bt, New York City, N. ¥. Yelophone ALgonquin 4-7956. Cable “DAIWORK orker By Mail serene oe wee feds six nike, ne: * karan sah 1 regi hg JUNE 10, 1938 a rae exeepting tim ew y. Forelgn A@érom and mali checks te the Daily Worker. 50 E. 18th St. New York. N. ¥ Contra z P. USA Bs qi erg? aseite Gk Russian White Guards Enroll in Faseist Storm Troops Constant Vigilance and Activity Against the Shipment of Munitions! During the past few weeks the DAILY WORKER has printed numer- ous reports of increased activity in munitions plants in the United States and of largeyscale shipment of war material, such as scrap iron and steel, *€ Gramsci’s Life Must Be Saved! |sPaRKs| greetings of Samuel S. Vau- | * clain, chairman of the board of | directors of the Baldwin Locomotive | Works, to the hundreds of thousands of college graduates unable to find | jobs: “I have no sympathy with | young men coming out of college who| | say there is no work for them. There | ce HEROIC FIGHTER AGAINST ITALIAN FASCISM By F. BROWN. Towards the end of September, 1926, the fascist government ‘of Italy, already stained with the blood of many murders, secretly prepared the last coup for the ruthless suppression of the different parties in opposition and of the still remaining parliamentary opposition. sition were arrested even before the tliat prohibited the political partiese— that were in opposition to fascism. An act so monstrous even from the| bourgeois legal viewpoint—repeated eight years later by Hitler—but an ct which the bourgeoisie does not hesitate to carry through when its Profits, its very existence, is in dan- ger. Most of the Comm deputies, constituting 1 opposi- tion; represen reconcilable stand of the 2 proletariat to fascism were 4 i in Rome and other cities. All r Italy through of combined and po- @ new wave forces of the lice were mu and throwing into jail hund is of leaders of the Party, thou: is of the best fight- érs.of the Italian proletariat. Trreconcilable Fighter Against the Fascist Dictatorship. Among the arrested whose every step had been shadowed for days and days by the fascist stool pigeons, was the leader of the Communist Party of It leader of the Com- munist parliamentary fraction, who openly defied fascism, the dictator- ship of the bourgeoisie, daily on the parliamentary tribune : Antonio Gramsci. Fascism did not dare to murder Gramsci, Terracini, Licaosi and other outstanding leaders of the par- ty ‘widely known to the Italian mas- ses and to the revolutionary workers all over the world. It was too danger- ous. Mass indignation against the| many assassinations of prominent} oppositionists was still too strong. Fascism condemned them to a slow and torturous death in the medeival prisons of Italy or on the desert islands infested with malaria. But the revolutionary spirit of our racini and others are still alive.Their physical sufferings. Gramsci, Ter- racini and others are still live. Their lives, however, are slowly flickering out!’ Tuberculosis, nurtured by the barbarous conditions under which the prisoners are kept, is slowly eat- ing their lives away. A few weeks ago the news also reached the Amer- ican proletariat through Paris: Gremsci is dying! This is a call that} has_ to be answered by the proletariat. | Gramsci, Terracini, victims of Ital- jan fascism already in jail for seven} | the Italian revolution, for the inter-| The deputies of the oppo- publication of the infamous decree years, as well as Thaeimann, Dimit- roff and other leaders of the German proletariat now captives of German | fascism must be saved! His Action Is the Action of a Real Leader. On June 4, 1928, the prosecuting attorney at the trial of the leaders of the Communist Party of Italy in his speech for the state declared: dt is Gramsci that led with his hand the Party in 1926, after hav- ing defeated the opposition led by engineer Bordiga at the Lyons congress. It is Gramsci who is the spirit of the entire movement, | it is he who showed the path that the Party shall follow. The polit- | ical past of Gramsci indicates that he is the outstanding and most be- loved leader of the masses. In re- ality he predominated during the occupation of -the factories by the | proletariat of Piedmonte. His ac- tion is the action of a real leader of the Party.” STORM TROOPERS SHOOT LEADERS Nazis and Stahlhelm in Bloody Clashes All} Over Germany BERLIN, May promises made are fulfilled, is leading 30.—The strain ex members of the Storm Troops and their leaders, because none of the many ting between the rank and file | to numerous acts of revenge against Yes, it was Gramsci who showed | the Storm Troop leaders, who lead a life of luxury. In the so-called Old | the Leninist’ path to be followed by} Castle at Koenigswusterhausen, south of Berlin, which has been converted the Italian proletariat if it is to be| emancipated from capitalism. The} enemy was well informed about his position in the party and in the ranks of the Italian working class. Gramsci the leader, the spirit of the Italian proletarian revolution, sick of tuberculosis, was condemned to a/ slow death by the sentence of 24 years imposed on him. Gramsci, the leader of the Com- munist Party of Italy who laid the foundation of the Party, whose Len- inist analysis of the class forces in Italy and whose strategy of the Italian revolution, made in 1924, still holds good today, must be saved for| national proletarian struggle against capitalism. | Forward to a mighty protest which | will force Italian fascism to free} Gramsci. Forward in the struggle for the freedom of the hundreds of thous-| ands of political prisoners in the jails of fascist Italy, Germany, Po- land and the Balkans! We must free them! ‘We must save them for the cause} of the proletarian revolution! U.S. Section of Italian Socialist Party Joins Anti-Fas cist Protest NEW YORK.—Answering the call of the Italian United Front Anti- Fascist Action Committee, the American section of the Italian So- cialist Party issued an appeal to its| members and to all members of the| Socialist Party to join in the demon- | stration against Italian fascism| today at the Italian Consulate in| New York 70th Street and Lexing-| ton Avenue, at 11 a.m. The New York section of the So-| cialist Party have not yet answered the.call of the United Front Com- mittee, though Julius Gerber, the city.secretary, had promised to bring {t before the city executive. The following is the call of the Ttalian Socialists: “The Italian Socialist Party, American Section, calls on all So- cialist workers of the S. P. to join today the anti-fascist gigantic rally called by the Italian United Front for Anti-Fascist Action, to protest before the Italian Fascist Consulate against the intensified persecution of the political prison- ers. To demand the immediate re- lease of Gramsci, Communist, and Pertini, Socialist, as well as of all Political prisoners: “The Sociatist Party refrains from cooperation on this occasion with the Italian United Front. Social-democracy prefers an inno- cent editorial to a mass demon- stration. We do not. There is no more time for well written edito- rials, We Socialists call for action to free the political prisoners fighting the battle with us for freedom and emancipation of cap- italist slavery. Today the American Socialists must show their international sol- idarity parading and protesting with the Italian workers. ITALIAN SOCIALIST PARTY (American Section). The following are calls (in part) by three other organizations which haye joined the demonstration: THE AMALGAMATED FOOD WORKERS UNION “The Amalgamated Food Workers Union calls upon all members to participate at the Anti-Fascist Dem- onstration before the Italian Fascist Consulate to demand the immediate release of the political prisoners, This demonstration will be held Sat- urday, June 10, at 11 a. m. The workers will assemble at East 79th Street and First and York Avenues.” CONFERENCE FOR PROGRES- SIVE LABOR ACTION “The New York Branch of the Conference for Progressive Labor Action calls on all workers, no matter what their union or political affiliations may be, to mass at the Italian Consulate this Saturday morning in protest against Fascist terror. Particularly, workers must demand the immediate release of all class-war prisoners rotting in Fas- cist dungeons.” ae oe: “All members affiliated with the Joint Board, regardless of political opinions, are urged to unite in pro- test of our political prisoners in Italy as well as in Germany. Some of these, like Pertini, Socialist, and Gramsci, Communist, are in a dying condition. “This demonstration coincides with the ninth anniversary of Matte- otti’s brutal murder. All workers must demand the immediate release of Matteotti’s widow and her two children, hostages of Mussolini in Rome.” Native Communist Held Without Trial for Months by Dutch AMSTERDAM, June 9.—The Com- munist De Kom has just been re- turned to Holland after serving three months and a half in prison in the Dutch colony Surinam, South Amer- ica, without any charge lodged against him. De Kom, a native of Surinam, who has written a book on the terror regime in the Dutch col- onies, is the ‘acknowledged leader of the Surinam colonial workers and the Dutch government threw him into jail as soon as he returned to Su- rinam, because it feared De Kom’s extraordinary influence among the workers. BUCHAREST, Roumania, May 30. Two soldiers were arrested in Con- stanza for “anti-militaristic activi- ties” a few days ago. Yesterday four workers, who are charged with hav- ing helped these soldiers in their work, were also arrested. As martial law is still in force, all six will be tried by court-martial. | and Stankewitz in the Braunsberg| into a Nazi barracks, Troop leaders Karl Hacker and Wil- helm Kalz were shot dead by their |own men. Horst Busch, a Storm | Troop leader, was murdered by his] | Own men in the Storm Troop lead-| ers’ school in Harnekop. Nazi-Nationalists Clash. | A membership meeting of the| Eutin local of the Nationalist Front was prohibited by the Nazi police} authorities on the ground that “the subject to be discussed may cause unrest and disturbances among the| populace.” | The “Kampfring junger Deutsch-| nationaler,” Nationalist youth or- ganization in Hamburg, was sup-| pressed and dissolved last Tuesday by the police, Two Nationalist provincial govern-| ors, Josupeit in the Labiau District} District (both in East Prussia) have| been dismissed summarily and re- placed by Nazis. The “Black-White-Red Fighting | League” planned to open a new head- quarters in the Puecklerstrasse in Southeastern Berlin. Shortly before | the opening ceremonies the building was occupied by Nazi Storm Troops. When the German Nationalists ar- rived there was a serious clash with the Nazis, and all the furniture in the place was demolished. Stahlhelm Storms Nazi Jail The Nazis in Rathenow on the Ha-| vel, a town near Berlin, arrested | the local Stahlhelm leader. All the Stahlhelm members in the district | were mobilized when this was learned. | About 1,000 of them, armed with| rifles and carrying a machine gun, marched to the jail, demanding the release of their leader in an ulti- matum. At first the Nazis refused, but when the Stahlhelm made prep- arations to take the prison by storm |the Storm Troopers marched away |} and released the Stahlhelm leader. Collisions of this sort between Nazi Storm Troops and uniformed Stahl- | helm men are taking place practi-| | cally every day in the streets of Ber- | lin, but are suppressed in the Fas- | cist-controlled press, Communist Activity in Nationalist Organizations, The Berlin District of the German Nationalist Party has decided not to admit any more members to any of the party organizations, especially not to the “Kampfring” (a fighting organization of young nationalists), The reason given is that “entire or- ganizations are under Communist in- iluence.” The “Vineta” unit of the “Kampfring” consisted mainly of Communist members. An effort to dissolve this unit failed, while all attempts to purge other units of Communists also failed. The “Vin- eta” unit still exists and is openly collecting funds for its political ac- the Storme——~ SUGAR PRICES | tivities. ON THE RISE IN NAZI GERMANY MUNICH, May 31.—All food. prices are rising in a general price advance, not merely fat and oil prices alone, according to admissions of the Nazi | press itself. The Munich edition of Hitler's “Voelkische Beobachter” re- ports today that: “Rumors are being spread in various cities that the price jof sugar is going to go up because of a sugar shortage. In many places these rumors have led to hoarding purchases, so that several Stores were sold out of sugar for some time. There is no basis for these rumors.. There is plenty of sugar in Germany. There is no reason for a price rise.” ‘Tne fact that the Reich Price Com- missar finds it necessary to issue this official denial proves three things: 1. A rise in the price of sugar; 2. the beginning of a sugar shortage; and 3. the population is hoarding sugar. RUMORS OF COUP BRING MILITARY RULE IN GREECE ATHENS, Greece, June 9; — The Greek government mobilized the whole police force and army detach- ments after a rumor of an-tmpend- ing coup d'etat against the Tsaldaris government spread through the capital today. The head of the De- partment of Public Safety and three of his aids were arrested on a charge of complicity in an attempt to as- sassinate former Premier Venizelos Thursday night. More than 200 bul- lets were fired into Venizelos’ car but he escaped unhurt. Rule by Decree, > The Parliament has been adjourned for two months after empowering the Tsaldaris Cabinet to rule by decree. Hundreds of army, navy and air force officers have been indicted for partici- pation in the General Plastiras putsch on March 6th.. Plastiras himself has fled to France via the Dadécaneses Islands. aces The arrest of a Communist’in the barracks where the Greek refugees from Turkey “live” led toa stormy mass demonstration. Hufdreds of workers attacked the police and freed the arrested Communist.” United | NEW YORK CITY.—Permanent | | pleted, Thus, on June 10 Rear Admiral der single command—on either land or sea. Under this new plan, the bulk of| the Navy's 30 active air squadrons will operate as part of the Battle Force, permanently based here; leaving the Scouting Force, origin- ‘ally operating in the Atlantic with only the 38 scouting planes attached to its ten cruisers, . All carrier-base squadrons, total- ing some 200 planes, will hereafter operate with the Battle Force from the carriers Saratoga, Lexington and Langley, and from the new Ranger, to join the fleet here early in 1934. Entirety of the Navy’s patrol wing, in excess of 100 huge flying boats and utility amphibians, will here- the greatest air fleet ever placed un-@ U. S. Is Concentrating Its Air Forces in the Pacific Indicates Growing Tension Between Japan and States (By a Group of Aircraft Correspondents.) concentration in the Pacific of the entire 400-plane air force of the United States fleet, with headquarters in Southern California waters, is assured under re-organization just com- ohn Halligan will assume control of after be grouped as “aircraft, Base Force,” and stationed at San Diego, Honolulu and the Canal Zone. Flagships of this force will be the USS. Wright, stationed in the San Pedro-San Diego area, and on which Real-Admiral Alfred W. Johnson is hoisting his flag on June 9 as new commander, Other squadrons will include the 35 Corsair observation planes at- tached to the battleships, the 18- scouting planes on the 8 light cruis- ers of the Battle Force, and the Five-plane scouting squadron based on the new dirigible Macon, already assigned as a unit of the Battle Force. * —By a Group of Pilots and Me- chanics, Socialist Leaders, White Emigres, in Czech United Front PRAGUE, May 30.—The 15th anni- versary of the battles of the Czech Legions against the Bolsheviki in Rus- sia was celebrated in Prague yester- day. The counter-revolutionary united front at the celebration included rep- resentatives of the Defense Ministry, Parliament, and President Masaryk, as well as Russian and Czech White Generals. What is even more inter- esting, Premier Malypetr and five other Cabinet Ministers, including the Social Democrats Bechyne and Derer, and the chief of the Czechoslovakian General Staff sent letters of greetings to the celebration. The whole celebration was nothing more than a chauvinist, militarist and counter-revolutionary demonstration, participated in by Russian monarchist emigres and Social Democratic lead- ers in a brotherly united front. RANK AND FILE FORCE MARINE LEADERS TO ACT Finnish Seamen Strike| Arousing Solidarity Action LONDON, June 9.—Unles’ the Fin- nish shipowners settle with the strik- ing seamen, British transportation workers will not handle cargo of Fin- nish ships, beginning Monday. The Finnish shipowners refuse to deal with the strikers, because the strike was forced by the rank and file un- der’ Red Trade Opposition leadership, and the bosses state that “to accept the demands for wage increases and collective bargaining would be to in- crease the prestige of the Commu- nists.” The strike of the Finnish seamen has received the support of the Swe- dish and Norwegian seamen since May 24. However the reformist leaders of the Scandinavian reformist seamen’s unions have been sabotag- ing the strike movement, while pre- tending to support it. Leaders Prevent Ship Action, The Swedish leaders called off the strike against their shipowners: on the date set for the Finnish strike. ‘The Swedish strike was lost even though it was spreading daily due to their action. At present, the Finnish strike is weakened because the leaders have made it a “non-shipping” affair. This means that the sailors do not strike on the job but quit after giv- ing 7 days’ notice and jobless union members do not ship out. The ships are manned by scabs who also unload where the longshoremen refuse to handle cargo, Slander Soviet Longshoremen. The Finnish reformists have at- tacked the Soviet longshoremen: for unloading ships. The ships that come into the Soviet Union are chartered by the Soviet shipping trust and every additional day that they are tied up is money in the pockets of the Fin- nish shipping magnates. When the crew of the Finnish ship strikes in a Soviet port as did the crew of the “Scandinavio”, they are housed at the Seamen’s Club and fed until they force the owners to settle with them as no scabs can be obtained. This happened in Lenin- grad. Exempt Rich Trade Routes. The maneuvers of the socialist-re- formist leaders of the Swedish union are seen in excepting certain routes from the boycott. It so happens that. these routes are the most profitable and vulnerable of the Finnish ship- ping capitalists! The International of Sea and Har- bor Workers is supporting the Fin- nish seamen’s strike. It calls for a world-wide boycott of Finnish cargo in .all capitalist ports. Finnish ships are manned by scabs at present. For international solidarity of sea and harbor workers, don’t unload Finnish ships! ‘ In proportion as the bourgeoisie, Le. capital, is developed, in the same proportion is the proletariat, the modern working class, devel- oped—a class of laborers, who live only so long as they find work, and who find work only so long as their labor increases capital.—Communist Manifesto. | PROTEST FASCIST TERROR TODAY AT THE ITALIAN CONSULATE is more opportunity for a hard work- er now than there ever was before— if he is satisfied to begin at the be- ginning and work his way to the top.” That is, he is satisfied to begin at the beginning of the soup line and work his way to the top of the soup line. Re ITLER may be the leader of the Nazis but to Hermann Goering, his assistant, must go the palm for being the party's leading optimist. Says Goering: “In fifty years nobody in Germany will know what Marxism is.” But Goering is getting his futile gestures mixed up. Only the other day he magnanimously spared 25 copies of the works of Marx and Lenin from the Nazi book-burning orgy so that a few conservative scholars might consult the volumes in: the ministries and state libraries. In fifty years Hitler and Goering may be mentioned briefly in histories —if so, as an incident in the forward sweep of Marxism, and their signi- ficance will be that they once burned books written by Karl Marx and V. I. Lenin. ae nore senior class of Amherst College, recently voted that of their mem- bers, Dwight W. Morrow, Jr., was “most likely to succeed.” Well, all the-rest of the Morrows seem to be on the J. P. Morgan ground-floor list. And that helps. Was ee ie IATURDAY night Pittsburgh cele- brated the énd of the depression with a parade five miles long. Many workers had to march in the parade to keep their jobs. The high point came when Old Man Depression was. formally buried in his casket. ‘The parade did not fool the work- ers; but it must have surprised Old Man Depression to be buried alive. The merchants and other bosses who put on the parade may as well get ready for another, miracle—the Old Man will stage @ resurrection on the third day. Depressions will continue to occur and workers will be the victims until they seize the factories and lands themselves and set up a planned economy as they have in the Soviet Union. So ce ate the above contributions, to W.| C. K. of Pittshureh thanks. ~7> urge Socialist Competition among the rest of our contributors. TRADE WAR ON BETWEEN JAPAN AND. ENGLAND Boycott of Indian Raw Cotton Planned With American Suppport TOKIO, June 9—The Japanese Foreign Office stated today, that the government was Seriously considering what steps would most effectively check ‘the British Empire's aggres- sive tariff and general commercial policies against Japan.” Japan ‘is threatening a boycott against Indian raw cotton a8 retali- ation against., India’s raising of the tariffs om Japanese textiles by 50 per cent. Foreign Office spokesmen de- clare that the matter ‘is a question of life or death for Japan” and that they are looking for the most vul- nerable point in the British Empire's commercial armor to halt the Empire's campaign against Japanese goods. Look for Allies ' “In'the commercial war that is be- ing waged in- Asia between England and Japan, the Japanese government is looking to the United States for support. In spite of thé great antago- nisms between American and Japan- eSe imperialisms, the Japanese in their trade struggle against the Eng- lish, are hoping to take advantage of Anglo-American conflicts to line up American econdmic support on the side of Japan against England. Nego- tlations are now on foot between Am- bassador Debuchi and the State De- partment in Washington, for the set- ting up of a permanent Japanese- American Arbitration Commission. Retaliation Measures The Japanese Ministries of Com- merce and Finance are. considering retaliatory measures to be used against England and the Empire. It is suggested that American raw cot- ton may capture the Japanese mar- ket if the proposed boycott of Indian Cotton goes through. Canadian Class-War Victim Loses Appeal charges of unlawful assembly: during the Estevan strike in 1931, has lost her appeal and has been ordered to serve her sentence. . September, explosives, cartridges and guns to the Far East. But our work of exposing the war preparations of the American ruling class has been seriously han- dicapped by the lack of adequate cooperation from the District Organiza- tions of the Communist Party and the workers employed in the manufac- ture and shipment of munitions. The proletarian struggle against imperialist war is a hollow sham un- less the workers and the Communist Party local organizations exercise constant vigilance over all munitions activi y. One of our major tasks in this period preceding an approaching imperialist war is agitation among the masses to demonstrate to them the imminent danger of war, and the mobilization of the factory workers munitions. and seamen to stop shipment of war Not enough attention is being devoted by the American workers and by the Communist Party local organizations—which should be the leaders of the masses in the anti-war struggle—to this very grave problem. And unless cur activities in this vital field are extended and intensified, much of our anti-war resolutions and propaganda remains an empty phrase. We call upor. all worker correspondents of the DAILY WORKER to keep a vigilant eye upon all munitions manufacturing and shipments. It is the duty of the Communist Party District Organizations to or- Banize effective anti-war work upon a higher level than has been the case up to now. Only when the American working class is mobilized through- out the country for the fight against imperialist war will we be doing our duty as leaders of the working class. Blessings of Gas Lauded by Senator “Humanity has never had a better weapon than gas. Senti- mentalists point to gas as a hor- rible way of carrying on war, but statistics prove that permanent injuries from gas during the late World War were less than 2 per cent, while permanent injuries from projectiles were more a 30 per cent,” according to Sena- tor David Reed of Pennsylvania. FRANCE 10 OPPOSE U.S. AT LONDON Daladier Explains French Aims for Conference PARIS, June 9.—Prime Minister Daladier explained France’s plans for the London Economic Conference in a speech to the Chamber of Dep- uties today, in which he said that France would insist on the re-estab- lishment of the gold standard throughout the world, as an indis- pensable pre-requisite to world re- covery. Much of the speech was taken up with an attack on the position al- ready outlined for the United States by the American delegation to the Conference. Daladier said: “France will oppose at London any project for devaluation of moneys. We are not partisans of the scheme for re- distribution of, the gold supply throughout the world. Before gold can again be distributed normally, the nations must banish inflation so that conditions will permit of a re- turn to sound economy.” The re- marks about general devaluation are aimed at the American proposal for @ general reduction of gold cover to 25 per cent, by international agree- ment. Similarly, the American del- egation has come out with a plan for gold redistribution. The remarks about inflation are aimed impar- tially at lerica, England and Jap- an—though America’s inflation is the most recent and most serious for France. Will Protect France Against U. 8. Imports. Daladier also stated: “I am going to London with a firm determination to protect France's rural economy and the French principle of agri- cultural protection.” As a means of solving the world unemployment problem, Daladier suggested an international scheme of public works, giving as examples such enterprises as the building of a rail- way across the Sahara desert, for which unemployed workers would be hired by the governments working together. The one question not touched upon by Daladier, in spite of the fact that it had been brought up by Flandin, ex-Minister of Finance, was the debt question. Daladier refused to give any indication of the intentions of the government with regard to this matter. US. TRIES 10 SMASH RIVAL TRADE BARS Hull Refuses to Dis- cuss Debts at London LONDON, June 9.—The American delegation to the World Economic Conference arrived here yesterday. The first questions asked Secretary of State Hull on his arrival were con- cerning the United States’ position on the debt payment due from En- gland on June 15. Hull's reply was: “The war debts have no place on the agenda of the Heonomic Conference we have come to attend. Any nego- tiations regarding debts will continue to be handled directly by government officials in Washington and. London, The question of next week's instal~ ment is entirely a matter for them.” Sources close to Secretary Hull said that at lunch today Ramsay. MacDon- ald, the English Prime Minister, had broached the subject of the war debts payments, but that Hull had declined to discuss the matter as he was not authorized to do so. One of the main activities of the U. S. delegation will be an aggressive attack on the tariff barriers which block American exports. As Hull put it—“I am opposed to all excesses in obstructions to trade and finance be- tween nations.” The British cabinet, which is meet- ing today, has still not made up its mind on the subject of payment or default. Pik eet ee. Germany Headed for Economic Ruin BERLIN, June 9.—The German transfer moratorium on debts goes into effect on July 1. It applies to all federal, state, municipal, commu- nal, industrial and agricultural bonds. Defaulting on the service of public and private debts will have a serious effect on Germany’s credit, and on the chances of raising loans abroad to finance the Hitler dictatorship. The amount of indebtedness affect- Of this foreign indebtedness, about two-fifths is held by the United States Treasury and by private Am- erican investors. i The Reichsbank’s holdings of gold and eligible bills has shrunk from 3,078,000,000 marks at the end of June 1930, to 280,000,000 at the end of last May. Consequently there is not available a sufficient amount of gold and bills of exchange to cover the requirements of German foreign trade, which are increasing with the decline in German exports. Normally, imports are paid for by exports, but German exports have declined in value from a monthly average of 94,- 000,000 marks for the first four months of 1932, to an average of 44,~ 000,000 for this year. That this move will be employed by Germany as a club at the London Economic Conference was confirmed by a remark uttered by Dr. Schacht, Director of the Reichshbank, who said: “L recommend that a foremost place be given to this problem at the im- pending London ‘conference in order to secure the co-operation of all in~ terested parties for its rapid solue tion.” June Communist Off Press The Rising Strike Movement—Hditorial. " \ A Warning Against Opportunist Distortions of the United Front Tae tic—By C. A. Hathaway. The Communist Parties of the Capitalist Countries in the Struggle for the United Front—By O. Pianitsky. ‘The Class Struggle in the American Countryside—By H. Puro, The Rise of the Revolutionary Movement in Cuba—By R. Martines Villena. The Scottsboro Struggle and the Next Steps—Resolution of the Polfe tical Bureau. ‘The Political Connections of the International Armament Firms—By Jan Relling. The Transition to Communism—the Opportunism of the German So. .clal Democracy—Introduction to the new edition of the “Critique of the Gotha Program” by Karl Marx—By Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute. Book Reviews: Olgin (concluded), Toward the Seizure of Power—Lenin. Review. by M ed by the moratorium is $4,824,000,000. * —