The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 27, 1933, Page 3

7 You = ~samerannenatesnas cre ee DAILY WORKER. Sye-Witness Account Describes H ow. Vicious A National Guardsman Tells of Attack on Wisc. Farmers | “He Lies Were Used by Officers to Whip Up Hatred Before we got to them, we started throwing gas bombs, from about 75 feet distance. Then the farmers would turn their trucks around and try to get away. We didn’t do any clubbing then. We just threw gas. We then chased the farmers away from there. Another officer came along and told us to go aiter them. The farmers were driving away in their trucks. There were about 350 to 400. There were about 2,000 of us —1,500 guardsmen and 500 deputies. We got on the trucks and chased them. The farmers thought they weren't going fast enough, so they went all the faster. Our trucks were much speedier than theirs. We soon caught up with them. The last truck of the farmers and the first truck of the National Guards started fighting. The guards threw tear gas bombs into the truck of the farmers. We drove up alongside of it, and they threw several of the gas bombs back into our truck. There was smoke between both trucks, and neither the National Guards nor the farmers could see anything. The trucks were going about fifty to sixty miles an hour. ‘The trucks were about two feet apart. Farmers Clubbed The National Guardsmen leaned over the side, and hit the farmers over the head with their clubs. The guards wanted to get ahead of the farmers’ trucks, but they couldn’t do Vicious lies about the “terrible” farmers of Wisconsin were ham- mered into the heads of national guardsmen by their officers to whip them up into a frenzy of hatred. Kept in ignorance of the issues of the milk strike, and driven on by their officers, the national guards- men attacked the milk strikers with clubs, guns ‘and tear gas. These facts are revealed in the following letter from 2 national guardsman of Wisconsin: ee raneae By a National Guard Correspondent MILWAUKEE, Wis.—I am one of the National Guardsmen who was sent up into, Shawano County to fight the farmers who were on strike. The first day we met the farmers at the cemetery right in Shawano County. They wanted to fight with their fists. The National Guards- men wouldn't. The farmers called the National Guardsmen all kinds of names, such “as “school boys” and “boy scouts;’: Then they would ask us if we could handle those pistols, if we could.shoot them. Then we would chase. them along the road, and they wotld go very slowly. They refused to go’ fast. We had to walk behind them to make them-go. Then they'd get off the trucks and go into a farmer's field to get drinks of water; when we'd go after them, the farmers Would kick us off becatse we had no right to’go on their land. About nine-o’clock they were all home. .That»was all for that day. and all we had to do then was stand ‘around. Threw Gas Bombs The next afternoon we met the farmers again, at the same place. them up the same as before. Most of the farmers were captured. Then the guards took them back over the county line into Shawano County. The farmers were put into the Pair Grounds building. There they were guarded with machine guns. That was all the fighting there was. It didn’t last long. The newspapers in Milwaukee said there were 15,000 farmers, but this isn’t true. About 10 per cent or less of the guards didn’t like what they were doing. But most of them would brag about hitting the farmers. Some of them never. hit a farmer; still they bragged about it. When they went home, they put mercurochrome on their clubs, and kept them for sou- yenirs, and said it was blood. Some even put on ketchup. Guardsmen Egged On By Lies ‘They told us beforehand that the farmers had beaten up ten National Guardsmen and some deputies. They told us stories about how terrible the farmers were till we were scared of them. Civilians would come to it, The guards were also shooting gas guns into the first and second truck of the farmers ahead of them. ‘The farmers got up ahead a little, and then stopped when they saw they couldn't get away. ‘The farmers jumped out of the trucks and started running across ver a the fields. The guards jumped out i Bis ay of the truck about the same time ane . . jas the farmers, and started after f M arine Te Ils them. Then they started beating the va | farmers over the heads with clubs. wig Some of the younger farmers got H ow t ro) D O | sway, but most of them were caught. The older farmers got beaten up the . i most because they couldn’t get away. AntiWar y ork One old man, 65 years old, got his head split. A couple of rocks were A} | thrown at us. Editor, Daily hap oegt R is | Herded In Trucks In this morning’s ilytWorker a comrade from Cleveland sjates that Rane srl fy Fre Areiggrd on in his opinion, the soldiers in the ws captured trucks. We made them U.S.A. are very much neglected. ‘This | », ce tha -caby’ in fromit: and th comrade further writes that the sol-| 100 0" the inde bacon thos we diers play the most important role in tani tates rh deri ein Wy "s times of revolution, whether bour- | loaded a ik e er ree geois or social. allowed to talk. As a serviceman in the armed| If one of the farmers would ask forces of imperialistic Uncie Sam, I} where his son or his friend was, the thoroughly agree with the sentiments} guards would poke him in the ribs this comrade so ably expresses. Let}/and make him shut up. Then we me give two instances, in the first | took the farmers back to town. Some where some comrades actually dojof the farmers that were fighting more harm than good, in fighting|on the hill got away, into another ‘against militarism, in the second how,| county. The guards were only de- in my opinién, members of the Party| putized in Shawano County and and comradesin general should carry} weren’t allowed to follow them. on this work. Comrades should en-|'They kept on going into the other lighten soldiers, not antagonize them.| county, while the guards followed On the 10th of September, 1932, under the @uspices of the Unem- ployed Councits of New York, there was a gigantic protest march from Union Sq. to City Hall. At that time, I was standing on the sidewalk close to the curb.on the corner of Union ‘Sq. and 17th °St., in dress uniform, watching this: wonderful demonstra- ition of courageous workers, marching in militant ranks and voicing their demands for bread in thunderous tones. Suddenly, a woman, breaking from the ranks of the marching workers, a venomous look in her eyes, yelling at the top of her lungs “All war funds to the unemployed,” lunged toward me, and I.dare say had I not beaten a hasty retreat, my personal feelings, if not my, uniform, undoubtedly would have. suffered injury. A little Ister, a young worker, wear- ing a Y.CL, button, engaged me in conversation, After making a few ap- propriate remarks, and speaking about conditions of the working class in general, he patiently and correctly explained to me the purpose and rea- son for this march. A Class-Conscious Leatherneek. them anyway, and started beating | going to get a beating.” There were many scabs in between the farmers even though they were striking. These scabs would squeal on the other farmers. One farmer said that his neighbor had dynamite and was going to dynamite the creamery. There was never any dy- namite found, and never a creamery blown up. We never got any notice before we were called. We were called, and a few hours afterwards we were there, before we knew what it was all about. They just marched us from the armory onto the train, and away we went. Guardsmen Also Robbed Now we haven't even gotten our pay yet. The county and state are quarrelling over who is going to pay for our work. They furnished us with automatics and ammunition. But when we left, they took all the ammunition from us up there; they didn’t take the guns away until we got home. While we were fighting, nobody cared for any one else. No one of us got hurt, but if he had, no one would have paid attention to him. It seemed as if we forgot about everything except the orders that were given to us. We just did what we were told, as if we had no heads on our shoulders. There was no drilling; no saluting officers, or addressing them as “sir.” ‘We were just told “Go and get them.” That was all our orders. None of us knew what the farmers were striking for. We would talk about it sometimes. Some of the fellows would say they ought to get a raise. Then someone would ask what they are getiing now, and no- body would know. ficer knew. I hope you will publish this. May- be I'll send you some more news later on. —A National Guardsman of Wisconsin, ‘WageCuts and ‘Poisoned Food in U.S. Army | | Wage cuts and food rations cut in | armed forces of U. S. A. started, as far as I know, about three years ago. Since then there were three wage and | food ration cuts. In the summer of 1931 at Camp Grant, Illinois National Guard, the dinner was poisoned and the men re- ceived sandwiches. Not satisfied, the whole first battalion of the 13ist In- fantry refused to go on duty, and the Second meal, a real one, was served. In 1932, a uniform menu was served for all men, a beef stew—without beef was nothing else and nobody wants to do any extra duty, and so command- ers pocketed a few cook easy hun- dred dollars, taken out of the sweat- ing hides of the enlisted men due to their ignorance. Right from the beginning of 1932, it was clear what the Roosevelt ad- ministration would do. First there was another wage cut in the army in gen- eral and for the National Guard on duty, too, where we saw that the Na- tional Guard troops on duty at Tay- lorville, Ill, guarding scabs for coal Pay received a 50 per cent wage cut. Food rations are cut again. All that could be prevented if the Y.C.L. will live up to its name of fighters against war and struggle | against militarism, but alas there are | anti-committees on paper only, and all the action resolutions remain a serap of paper. Maybe we are waiting for moun- vice-versa. Armada. Hungry Youth at Camp Knox : (By a Labor Camp Correspondent.) CAMP KNOX, Kentucky.—Our company received a clipping from the Cleveland Press stating that wrinkles were being filled out of the stomachs of Cleveland’s forest army, that we were very happy and contented with con- ditions in Camp Knox. It also stated that we were being fed véry good; that our menu comprised of pork chops, french fried potatoes, toast, butter and coffee for breakfast; chicken and , Sliced pineapples, bread butter and coffee for dinner; | ak i é if i i Pe i i it with a razor, and we did not get BR # Four Seconds to Eat. columns of two to the mess hall, 4 : : i 3 z 4 ‘about 5 minutes they kept that up, then the lieutenant came workers started to shout, “No food, no work.” The that they were only allowed 36c for each man But he was silenced right away. ‘No Food, No Work’ Slogan of’ ‘The men started shouting, “We want food”; we came down here to work for $1 a day as long as we were fed, but we did not come down to work and starve.” ‘The men sat in the mess hall shouting for more food until 1 o’clock. It was time for everybody to go back to work. Over half of the company was in the mess hall shouting for their rights. ‘Well, they finally got more food, 15 gallon cans of pork and beans were opened up, the men got all they could eat for that day. The food has been pretty fair ever since. Army Drills. On the days that there was not any work detail we had to go through army drills which comprised squad movements, flank movements, com- pany movements and some manuals of arms. Also we were taught how to handle our tools such as axes, picks, shovels, cross cut saws and such. We were also taught to be pa- triotic to the flag; our company com- manders and army officers told us that President Roosevelt had done a great thing when he gave us a job at the rate of $1 a day. No Savings Possible. ‘Yes, we were getting $1 a day. That we might be able to take up on our shoulders the responsibility that the Associated Charities should have kept on theirs. After we have spent 6 months there in camp, we will go home no better off than we were when we left. Our pockets will be empty, our families will still need charity, so what will we have accom- plished? y Demonstrate National Youth Day Not even the of- | | or such that you ate because there | tains to come over to us instead of | By LLOYD BROWN Army,” wrote Karl Liebknecht, mar- tyred fighter against militarism and | leader of the workingclass youth | movement, Today in America we are | | witnessing the most intense drive | ;on the part of the Roosevelt gov- prepare. them for imperialist war. | Despite the flood of government | Propagan that has been released jemphasizing that the “civilian con- | servation ci ” forced labor camps are not military in character, num- erous reports from the boys in these camps to the Young Worker and Daily Worker show this to’ be a lie. | Only last week 200 unemployed young fellows wi dismissed from Camp Devens, Mass., because they refused to sign a pledge to join the army in case of war. | Because of the mass protest de- veloped against these camps the first issue of “Happy Days,” government paper for the boys in this camp, con- |tains the following in its Question and Answer column: Q—“Is this work an adjunct of the U. 8. Army?” A.—* Absolutely not.” But immediately following is a statement which exposes the lic: +-Q—‘Who is responsible for the conduct of these camps? A.—The Army officers placed in charge.” Plans have been made for 275,000 | i | KARL LIEBKNECHT | boys to be placed in these camps by July. In the first week of Congres- sional sessions following Roosevelt's inauguration the appropriations for the Reserve Officers Training Corps and the Citizen’s Military Training Camps were increased by more than jone million dollars. Intensive re- cruiting has already begun for these summer war training camps. More than 100,000 young men are enrolled in the National Guard. Besides these more open forms of | militarizing youth, American capi- talism is developing many new con- cealed forms of rallying the youth for imperialist war. Ene The yellow Hearst papers are backing a drive of the Crusaders to recruit one million young boys into its Junior Division. A national call has been issued by these jingoists to the young men entitled “WAKE UP AMERICA!” (the American translation of the battle-cry of Hit- ler's “Germany Awake”) The call concludes with the appeal: “Our one and only purpose is to meet this national emergency by uniting all Red-Blooded American Youth for the protection and preser- vation of our country.” One of the most recent of these developments is the “Yeomanette” movement in the Bronx, N. Y. Under the slogan of “Protection and Loy- alty” efforts are being made in the Roosevelt High School to enroll 8,000 {young girls into who has the Youth has the | Weekly military drills are planned in us and say: “Well, tomorrow you're | ernment to militarize the youth and | gz “HE WHO HASTHE YOUTH HAS THE ARMY’ this’ organization. | the school gym. This movement is under the direction of an ex-Army officer. The tremendous growth of pacifism | in the colleges, which is being di- yy bourgeois-controlled or- s, Was shown in the student poll on war last week in 70 colleges. This pacifist spirit is one of the means the bosses use in diverting the anti-war hatred of the youth into “harmless channels.” But this paci- fism, above all, serves the purpose | of stifling the revolutionary struggle | against war. Passive re ance is urged “to | stop all w The official student paper. of wn University states “Old men make the wars and the | young men fight them. If the young | men refuse to fight their wars there | will be no more wars.” NEW YORK, SATURDAY, MAY 27, 1933 ng Workers! Demonstrate Aga Japan Makes Munition from U. S. Scrap Iron Near the Soviet Border (By a Worker Correspondent) SAN PEDRO, Calif—The Golden Dragoon of the O and O Line, just sailed for Japan with 1,500 tons of scrap iron. A reliable man that's working aboard the Golden Dragoon, told me that Japan has contracted for | 100,000 tons of scrap iron with dif- ferent companies here. The O and © Line contracted to trans- port 50,000 tons of it. The same man told me that the serap is taken to some munition factory close to Viadivostok and turned into munition —C WAR PREPARATIONS BOOST METALS The rising tide of war throughout the world is reflected in various re- ports concerning metal industries. port, Conn., has increased its oper- ating schedule from three to five days Such propaganda as this effec- tively serves the purpose of blinding the students to the causes of war (which grow out of the capitalist sys- tem) and preventing them from join- ing the revolutionary working class | forces in the struggle against impe-| rialist war. | This concerted drive of the Roose-| velt government to mobilize the young | workers and students for imperialist | war preparations must be answered | with increased activity of the Com-| munist Party and the Young Commu- | nist League among the youth to win them for Leninist struggle against | imperialist war, and for the defense | of the Soviet Union, the only World Power really fighting for peace. | With the support of the entire working class movement, and under | the leadership of the Young Commu- nist League, the Third National Youth Day, May 30, must rally tens of thou- sands of young workers in a mighty demonstration against Wall Street's war program and militarization of youth. , The heroism of the Japanese Young Communist League in the struggle— | both in the shops and in the: bar- a week as a result of increased orders. General Motors has secured a con- tract from the United States War Department to furnish 386 trucks and 123 station wagons to be used in the field artillery divisions of the Na- tional Guard. The contracted amounted to $284,- 473. Exports of iron and steel during March were the highest for any month since July, 1931, the Depart- ment of Commerce reported last | month. Japan was again leading the | market, taking 33,761 tons out of the | export total of 90,567 tons. Most of | this was serap metal, to be used for, the manufacture of war materials, | Tacks—against their own imperialist | government's ruthless plunder of | China is a striking example which all American young workers must follow. | _ Young Workers! Demonstrate on | National Youth Day, May 30! | All Out Against the Bosses’ Pro- | gram of Hunger and War! | Join the ranks of the Young Com- | munist League in order to be able| ie struggle more effectively against | the war plans of our ruling class! | | By W. MAAS This is one of the most important munist League in the United States. | It is most vital that it should be put in the hands of every young worker. Especially should it reach members of by the bosses to guard boss property, suppress strikes, break up demonstra- tions, and murder fellow workers. This pamphlet has been written for the very purpose of enlightening workers as to the role of the National Guard in the capitalist system. No young worker or member of the Na- | tional Guard could possibly read this | Pamphlet to the end without having his class consciousness awakened, and it’ It is written in clear, direct, sim- ple workers’ language, forceful and alive. John, a young mill worker, hears of how he can make extra money by is to have a swell time parading in ecld-buttoned uniforms, playing all, swimming, etc. After a short time he is to get two weeks’ vacation with ;pay! John jumps at the chance. But John soon finds out that there isn’t much swimmirg and ball tinowing in the National Guard, He is taught to shoot a gun, parry with a bayo- net, and the bést way to finish an enemy, He finds out you have to take in- sults from officers, that the brass- buetoned uniforms are paid for by no- body but John at three times what théy are worth, and that the vaca- the National Guard, who are forced! if it is put in his hands, he will read| joining thé National Guard where he | “FIX BAYONETS—AGAINST WHOM?” |tion turns out to be a big fake—in | Plain words, two weeks of hard work. | pamphlets issued by the Young Com- | In the end, after he’s been cheated |and tricked out of his small pay, he |comes back from camp without money and with a backache and blis- térs on his feet. John reads the papers and” begins |to talk with the fellows while at drill. | He notices it isn’t so funny that all | of the big guys, the colonels and ma- jors and brigadier-generals and éven petty officers, of the National Guard | are all of the boss class. They are |heads of corporations, bankers, and | Stockholders in ammunition facto- |ries. Theré is a list in the pamphlet | that covers four pagis, nanies of cap- |italists that are officers in the Na- tional Guard! Refuse to Shoot Strikers One night coming out of the arm- ory he is given a copy of the Daily Worker by a worker. He reads how the National Guard was used by Rockeféller to massacre striking min- ers and their wives and children in Ludlow, Col. After that he buys more | the workers in the National Guard finds out who has to do the fighting and who makes the money in wars. |He reads of the Soviet Union. . |_ John joins the Young Communist | Léague. John in the National Guard learned how to shoot and how to his enemy and on whom to turn the gun. The Remington Arms Co. of Bridge-| rep: Dailies. He finds out that sometimes | réfused to shoot strikers and went | over to the side of the workers. He | use a bayonet, but now John knows | ¢ Lenin Shows Path of Against Imp | “The war fills tt | capitalists to \is flowing from the t |great powers. The war jan unreasoning bitternes Jenemy, and the bov jbest to divert the the people divert their | enemy, the government and | classes of their own c however, carry leries and ho: resentatives t If perish we must the struggle for ou cause of the wo: t revolution and not for the | terests of the capitalists, landowr |and Tsars—this is wha is worker sees —(Lenin, “The Impe ch. “Appeal on the War, | “What is this war being fought for? | Why these unheard-of brings humanity? | and the bourgeoisie of every bellige jent country are squandering millions | of rubles on books and papers blam- arousing in jing the opponent, Pe the | | | | | i | | Y. L LENIN people a furious hatred for the en- emy, stopping before no lie whatever in order to picture themselves as the country that was unjustly attacked and is now “defending” itself. In reality, this is a war between two groups of predatory great powers, and it is fought for the division of colonies, for the enslavement of other nations, for advantages and privi- leges in the world market. This is a most reactionary war, 2 war of purpose of retaining and strengthen- ing capitalist slavery.” (Lenin, “The Imperialist War,” ch. “Appeal on the War,” p. 211.) “Militarization is now penetrating the whole of social life. Imperialism is an embittered struggle of the big powers for division and re-division of the world—it must, therefore, in- tion in all countries, including the neutral and small countries, What will the proletarian women do against this? Will they only curse every war and everything pertaining to war, only demand disarmament? Never will women of an oppressed class, which is a really revolutionary class, reconcile themselves to such a shameful role. They will say to their sons: “You will soon grow big. They will put a gun in your hands. Take it and study thoroughly the art of war. This miseries it | The government | modern slave-holders fought for the | evitably lead to further militariza- | knowledge is essential for proleta- | Page Three inst War on National Youth Day ‘War Fills Pockets of Capitalists” Lenin Proletarian Struggle erialist War io fire on their s of other coun- done in the pres- rs to Social- to do—but in { the bourgeoisie in order to put to exploitat t by means If one 1 ach _propag propagand: from conducting , and precisely such ection with the then it would be better big phrases about revolution: social- revo- tion and w (From cle “On “Disart1 ni oppressed class which does wea- trive to learn to handle s weapons, would only that it should be treated as Ye may not forget, without ning converted into bourgeois fists or opportunists, that we are in a class society and that n that except by class strug- ad the overthrow of the power of the ruling class, | “In every class society—whether | based on slavery, serfdom or, as now. |on wage labor—the oppressing class |is an armed class. Not only the ex- | isting standing armies, but also the existing militias—even in the most democratic bourgeois republics, like Switzerland—represent the arming of | the bourgeoisie against the proleta- riat. This is such an elementary | truth that it is hardly necessary spe- | cially to dwell upon it. It is suffi- cient to recall the employment of troops (the republican democratic | militia included) against strikers, an | occurrence common, without excep- | to all capitalist countries. The f the bourgeoisie against the F is one of the most domi- nating, basic and important facts ot | contempor capitalist society.” | (From article “On Disarmament.” 'Poll Shows Trend Against Militarism Among U. S. Students | A war poll conducted by the Inter- | collegiate Disarmament Council in 70 | American colleges and universities, showed -the unmistakable growth of anti-war sentiment among the stud- | ents of the United States. The authorities of several colleges, | including the College of the City of | New York, University of Nebraska, | and Hartwick College in upper New | York State, refused to let their stu- | dents vote in the poll on the ground that it was “treasonable.” Of the 22,627 students voting 39 per | cent were opposed to participation in | any war, while another 33 per cent would fight” only if the United States were invaded.” Only 28 per cent of the students voting expressed their willingness to fight in any war de- clared by the United States govern- ment. | The poll, which was initiated as a result of the vote in the Oxford Un- jon, student debating society in Ox- | ford University, England, not to fight under any circumstances, reflects the | rapid breakdown of militarist illusions | among the middle-class young intel- | lectuals, and their disappearing faith jin the virtues of the present social order, “There is one branch of industry | which is untouched by the crisis. This is the war industry. It grows | continuously despite the crisis. —STALIN.” { . . | By D. B. There is no sphere of tne economic, political and cultural life of the con- temporary capitalist countries which is not drawn in most actively into the preparation of new imperialist wars. It is natural that militant imper- jalism would direct its attention, in the first place, towards a suitable with that, the general staffs are con- ducting a thorough fascization of the cadres of officers. This fascization proceeds at a more rapid pace than that of the general apparatus of civil servants, ‘The selection of political elements and the compactness of armies is obtained by the weeding out of “po- litically unreliable elements” and by placing recruits from the working class and petty bourgeois and kulak elements. Groups whose reliability is tried and proven are formed into se- lected military units—the symbol of those small “professional” armies which are the dream of the military theoreticians of fascism, like Fuller, Zoldan and others. Seek to Protect Rear. At the same time the bourgeoisie is developing a. feverish activity to insure peace “at home” in the rear of the armies. For that purpose it has launched a reign of fascist terror in several countries; has developed mil- itary and sport organizations of a purely fascist nature; has taken mai organizational measures to mobilize the whole economic and social life of whole countries. These, as well as an increasing leaning of the social democratic par- ties fowards fascism, are methods pursutd by the bourgeoisie towards insuring peace at home in the event May 30, against sweatshop conditions and for wages for young of war, and all attempts to save the selection of military forces. In line | ; spectre of ny | by 2,201. \ing its main attention towards se- jcuring an adequate economic base imperialist war being turned into a civil war against the ruling class of exploiters and oppres- sors. However, the bourgeoisie is direct- for the future war. Japanese imperialism is going through the most serious economic and financial crisis. Many branches of its economy are at present in an extremely precarious condition. ‘The supplies of unsold | goods are mounting daily. At the same time, according to the American press, Japanese war plants are work- ing day and night. Large private plants are re-equipped and adapted to the requirements of war. Despite a strict censorship, the bourgeois Japanese press does not. hide the intense activity of Japanese industry on orders placed by the wart ministry. The newspaper “Tokio Asaki” stated at the end of 1932 that “orders placed by the war ministry with small and middle sized private undertakings will reach this year the sum of 200 million yen. These un- derteakings will be assured uninter- rupted production till April, 1934.” According to the data of the Jap- anese ty of trade, the number of industrial establishments was 64,- 435 towards the end of 1932, having increased in the course of the year ‘These figures reflect the growth of small plants working only on orders of the war and navy de- partments. New Industrial Regions. New industrial regions are being created, such as in the Northwestern part of Honjo, where have been erected two electric power plants with a capacity of 270,000 kwt. large ni- capitalist world from the haunting ; This whole region has a purely mil- itary value. In this respect Japan is not an | exception. The bourgeoisie of other countries is developing no less a fev~ erish activity despite the ravages of the crisis. The construction of a new and powerful nitrogen combine with a yearly capacity of 150,000 tons of pure nitrogen has just been com- pleted in Billingham, England. The English chemical industry is develop- ing the production of aniline dye- stuffs, which are the intermediary chemicals for the production of poison gases. In the face of the complete or partial idleness of several English metallurgical plants, the English bourgeoisie is consiructing a new metallurgical combine. Armament Exports Rise. French armament works show an intense activity along the lines of both perfecting new branches of the war industry and intensifying export of armaments. Despite the severity of the crisis during 1932, Poland succeeded in that year in launching its own production of heavy artillery and tanks. Sev- eral private plants of military sig- nificance, such as the shell-producing plant “Pocisk”, the chemical plant “Azot”, and the automobile factory “Ursus”, were taken over by the war department, whose orders keep these plants from a complete collapse. All of the above signifies that the crisis does not prevent the bourge- oisie from expanding, not only its military industry proper, but also those branches of “peaceful” industry, which have a direct bearing on mil- itary preparations. The problem of preparing capital- ist economy for war is closely linked with the question of finding means for financing these preparations in the face of terrific financial crisis and budget deficits. Part of War Budget Concealed, The sleight of hand of the bour- geoisie in financing war preparations consists in showing as direct military cludes in the budget for armament only those items, which can in no way be atiributed to some category of expenses of a civil department or figured as’ a non-budgetary expense. The basic part of military expendi- tures, particularly those, which are connected with the preparations of industry for wer, are included in other groups of budgetary expenses. The growth of motorisation, me- chanization and chemisation of enormous outlays of money. In the American military literature there & military unit. Thus, the capital in- vestment of arming of an American infantry division amounted to $2,231,- 000 in 1914. In 1926-28 this invesi- | ment in the arming of an infantry division, including its airplanes, tanks, automobiles, rifles and guns, with shells and bullets for them, | amounted already to $6,480,000 and in 1981 to $6,018,000. The “dealers in cannon” find busi- | ness good and profits better in spite of the crisis, which makes for ac- | celerated tempos in preparing the | new war. Any hint of a possibility | of war in any quarter of the world, any sharpening of relations between this or that country, finds an imme- diate reflection upon the rates of stock of these “war babies”, as the American Stock Exchange calls the shares of military undertakings. The French magazine Les Annales | delegated a member of its staff, Paul Allard, to get exhaustive material on the topic: “Do dealers in cannon | need war?” In several articles print- ed in Les Annales, Paul Allard col- lects a great deal of interesting data about traffic in armaments and about Profits of munition makers. 800,000,000 Francs Net | On the basis of information of the | French deputy Shabrain, the maga- wine comes to the conclusion that net profits in the French armaments in- dustry (exclusive of the profits of the expenditures only part of the items trogen plants, chlorine works, etc. which make up its war budget. It in- heheh niceties Aerotenivantoyniae\ fr ohsringlarens ss Ba lsh one ——— transportation industry and of the armies commits the bourgeoisie to| speech: “Business was very good has even been coined the special term | HOW THE BOSSES PREPARE FOR IMPERIALIST WORLD WAR Speed Militarization of Labor to Prepare Whole Economic System for War for fortifications) amounts to no less |than 800 million francs a year, afte: | all deductions for expenses and for | amortization of capital, which is at | the rate of about 20 per cent profits, | have been made. ‘The magamine cites the minutes of a meeting of one of the munition making corporations specializing in | the production of machine guns. The | meeting took place sometime in 1931. The chairman stated in his opening in the years of 1914 to 1918. We then had Iarge orders. After the war, bus- | iness did not grow worse. Orders fell of “capital investment of arming” of | off to a much smaller degree than was expected. We have made big contracts.” In June, 1932, the president of the same company stated: “We have re- ceived large orders. We have increas- + ed the number of workers. Our plants | are working to capacity. We have unfilled orders which will keep us busy for a long time. We are ex- perimenting with powerful 25 mm. and 37 mm. guns and hope to have customers for them in the nearest future.” Despite the crisis, or rather thanks to the crisis, the profits of war in- . dustry are growing rapidly and at a much higher rate than the profits of so-called peace industry. Sliding into War Assisted by fascist dictatorships in many countries, the bourgeoisie is conducting war preparations quite openly, The fascist press of irre | does not even attempt to hile j ‘heir basic task is the economic pre- paration of Germany for the inevit- — able war. The whole economic policy of contemporary imperialism is es- sentially a sliding into the future war, The sharpening of the crisis merely accelerates these tendencies towards war. The international proletariat must be on guard, must mobilize all its forces for a decisive struggle against the danger of war, against imperial- ist preparations for an attack on the Soviet Union, the fortram «f tter- cement industry supplying materials national revolution,