The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 14, 1933, Page 4

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK. TUESDAY, MARCH 14; 1933 | “The executive of the modern state is but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisie.” Hillquit Distorts Marx’s the State and Revolution asse: caliz By MOISSAYE OLGIN On March 5t his fr’ saad v are becoming more and more d and more and mbes in- $ the ed |socjalist leaders have made an “effort to appear “Marxian.” They hail Marx as the. “Aristotle af the 19th century,” and they say : through Morris Hillquit that “Marxism isa living force.”. But what has Hillquit found in Marx? He declares: ‘Some historical fore¢asts of. Kar) Marx may have gone wrong. Some of his isolated statements and theories may have proved erroneous. Some of the methods of combat | which he advocated may have been rendered inefficatious by new social and political developments, But the class struggle as the motor of does not belo: disco’ existence n society tween the s a long time the historical s struggle, at the exist- connected social progress and the reliance on historical strug- | the working class as the main ti- of the develop- | strument of human emancipation 2) that class | has remained unshaken.” leads to the | Mr. Hillquit thus ~ repudiates . a proletariat; (3) | number of elements of Marxism -re- y ing the class struggle. Some work- Ujers may think that Hillquit, though nd to 2 jdisagreeing with Marx in “some” of MAIN DIFFERENCE |the latter’s “statements” and “meth- In these wo! says Lenin, Marx! ods of combat,” still remains a Marx- succeeded in expressing “with striking|ist. This kind of “Marxism” was clearness” in difference be- | characterized by Lenin in: the sak tween his te: nd those of the |lowing words: bourgeois d the essence | WoT 4 MARXIST of While the ing the state. |" “ie who reeognizes only. the class hile the Sa struggle-is mot yet @ Marxist; Me may be found-not to have gone be~ yond the boundaries ‘of “bourgedis teasoning -and~ politics. - To.-limit Marxism to the’ teachings of: the class struggle means. to ~ curtail Marxism—to distort . it, to. réduee | it’ to something which.js acceptable to. the bourgeoisie. “A~ Marxist. is one who extends the acceptance of ve that ve of the and that the were expres: “people as a WwW legislative in. ing-the “common \ oan the gz it to meta- ame ‘with: his =e pean ie state-| class struggle to the. acceptance ot itlcal yee | the. dictatorship. of the. proletaria “Political power, properly so % i called, is merely the organized Herein lies the deepest. difference between a Marxist and. an ordinary petty or big bourgeoisie: On this toouchstone it is necessary to test a real understanding and acceptance of Marxism.” Mr. Hillquit does ae accept the , dictatorship of.the proletariat. He ‘ts very cautious. He is cautiously Vague. | He does not specify which elements of Marxism have been prover “wrong,” “erroneous” and: which “methods of riat a weapon |combet” have been “rendered: inaffi- ss war |¢atious by new. social and political developmetits.” “This: is- because “Mr: Hillquit canndt afford to. be. specific. If he were to ‘decipher his ees ing it-would prove that he is opposed to the very essence of Marxism, sto its | revolutionary soul. +The~ Second “In- > \ternational with its Hillquits, ‘Tho- |mases, Scheidemanns,- Vanderveldes land MacDonalds. “repudiates :the Mérxian teaching about proletarian ‘as |dictatorship and about expropriating Marxian. teachings about proletarian dictatorship that- is Subaihg a Class- - |tess society. Those swindlers, while repudiating Marx, try to hidé behind Marxian phraseology in order thus to -curry favor with the working class, -.They |“celebrate” the anniversary of the death of Karl Marx while. fighting jaeeinay the very ae of ‘Matx- power of one class for oppressing another class.” And further ud not this ie reaction- Bakunin who e workers that eriod between capital is not necessal can be intro- + the victory ution while the barricades | have not yet been removed from the} Marx lives. in the dictatorship. of streets, and against the reactionary- |the proletariat of the: Soviet Union. reformist ideas of a Louis Blanc, a|Marx lives.in the Soviets of Chins. forerunner of the opportunists of the | Marx lives in the struggles of the Second International who preached | broad masses the world. over under the possibility of transforming cap-|the leadership: of the .Communis: italism into socislisi pacific means. |Party. Marx. lives in the hunger * marches and in’ the other acts of “NEW LEADER” DISTORTIONS struggle of the employed and-unem- The central 2 of the Socialist | ployed workers in the United States. Party of America, the New Leader,| Marx-and Engels in the Gommun- came out with a Marx anniversary ‘ist Manifesto said: “The proletariat issue. Conscious of the fact that the will use ‘its political supremacy to An Intimate ‘Portrait of the Greatest Revolutionist Your’ idea: of misery,—Submission. Laura. Lafargue, daughter of Karl Marx, in’1910,.discavered the. follow- id \ ing document among her papers. It} The vice you’ excuse most.—Gulll- consists of answers Karl Marx made) bility. to a set.of questions in a game of} a ae is “confessions.” ‘The document 1s pro-|,, The vice: you ‘detest "most—sServil duced below. bie Your pet averston.—Martin ‘Tupper. Confessions 3 Favorite occupetion. — Bookworm- Your favorite virtue—Simplicity. ing. Your favorite virtue’ in man.—| Poets. —‘®hakespeare, . Aeschylus Your favorite virtue in woman.—| Prose writer—Didéret. ‘Weakness. Hero.—Spartacus,, Kepler. Your chief characteristic—Single- | Heroine.—Gretehen. hess of Purpose. Flower.—Daphne. . Your idea of happiness.—To fight. | Color—Red. Sec Name.—Laura, . Jeriny. Dish.—Fish. Favorite maxim.—Nihil ‘ humanum a me alienum puto. (I regard noth- ing human as alien:to me). . ‘ Favorite motto:—De omnibus. dub!- tandum. (Doubt everything)... —Korl: Mars. the expression of good-humdred trony. Marx's -wife..was his valiant fellow.’ soldier in all the hard fights in which he was -engaged. She had endured with truly ‘virile’ fortitude the -blows of -fate, the death of four children— victims: of dire poverty: in which « she and Karl, had had to dive during the earlier ‘fifties. But ‘she had found it less easy to bear the inward strug- gles of their expulsions. -Though Marx had kept his’ own counsel about the worst happenings, she had learned enough’ to disturb her’ péace, of mind. Especially, had-she teken the Vogt affair to heart. She was too “weak” to accept all this lara repining. Immediate direct federal emer- $50 for each unemployed worker, man or woman, without discriml- nation, plus $10 for each dependent. in addition to local relief. Teaching on wrest, by degrees, all capital f bourgeoisie, to ntralize all ir ments of production in the hand the state, ie., of the proletariat ganized as the ruling class,”—this h been. accomplished by the prolets of the Soviet Union ‘and partly by the workers and peasants of China. | Marx said: "Of course, this c be. effected except by means of potic inroads on the rights of petty and on. the conditions of bour- | Geols production,”—this has been ac-j tomplished by the proletarian dicta- | torship in the Soviet. Union which while representing the greatest de-| ™ocracy for the toiling masses that | ever existed, represents a despotic power of suppression in relation to} the exploiters. Marx said that when the proletariat will have become or- | anized as the ruling class it will} make it its duty “to increase the total} of, productive forces as. rapidly as| possible.” This has beert accomplished | under the dictatorship of the pro- letariat in the first five-year plan and this is being accomplished in the second five-year plan which also puts inta practice another one of the Marx- ian thesis, “Gradual abolition of the distinction between ‘town and coun- try.” Marx sald: “If-the proletariat dur- | ing-its-contest-with: the bourgeoisie is | compelled... to organize itself as} a Class; if; by means -of a revolution, it.makes.jtSelf. the ruling class . . then it ,will,along with these condi-} fions, have swept away the conditions for the-existence of class antagonisms, and of-classes generally, and will thereby have ‘abolished its own sup- remacy as a class.” The’ working ‘class.in the Soviet! Union -has already swept away the! old condtions of production and has} smashed the old classes. The second five-year plan will sweep away the remnants of the old classes. A class-| less soviety is being completed before | our very eyes. The proletarian dic- |tatorship is still there. It is neces- Sary as long as there are remnants jof the bourgeoisie within the U.SS.R. | \Tt is necessary as long es the pro- letarian state is threatened by rs i} italist_ robbers.- But the cipssless s0- élety. is a living historic fact. (THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO.) “The Kettle Is. Beginning to . Boil’’---Marx By J..8, ALLEN When: “the , Great: railroad. strikes swept, the United Stapes in, 1877 with a spontaneous ferocity-and, militancy that: was ‘unprécedented, Engels. ex- élaimed: “The, American strike ‘movement hes made mé every happys . They { | jump into the movement: quite .dif- ferently than on this. side, of the water. Only: twelve’ yeers after ‘the | abolition of ‘slavery’ and already ane Movement is.so acute!” American «labor continued’ on the *famp,’ > “‘throygh; the, tremeydous strike struggles? which . #ompanied } the’ rapid, development: of sAmérican *| vapitalism: during. the lagi, qyarter of the century to. the emergence of the United "States as. an ‘tipperialist power, marked. ‘by the Sppnish, Am- erican: War -in 1898. Matt and. Bhgels “lookéd ‘forward to the creation of ‘an’ independent | working Class patiy,.whieh would be move ag a/Class” lead it-in the right | direction, make the movement: aware of its mistakes. and “become wise Songs failure.” Aware Of Difticulties Marx pointed. out those .circums- | erican. capitalism at. the, time: he. thought. wére.feyorable--to. the éfeation: of such 2 ‘party. With his | charatteristie ‘ realism, however—he | was aware of the difficulties involved in building at, independents ; working olass patty it the United Statés—he did ndt.\go beyond ‘stating the. favor- able circumstan:t, fhat. is; he did not actially predict, the formation .of sucha party as. the immediate result Of: the strike. struggles of 1877. At that tine He sda: - “This “first: outbreak, “eliroea strikes 6f 1877 against the. associated capital oligarchy‘ which has. arisen since the Civil’ War, .willfeturally be' defeated (precjsely because. of the «| Spontaneity of, ‘the. movenitht. and |’ the ebsente of # working class politi- dal party); it can, however, be the starting point for; the building of.a Serious workers’ party: There are two circumstances in‘ its favor.. The pee or the new spiesldente Giayee) (From: Comrade Manuilsky’s Report! is now under the leadership of Com- | to the Twelfth Plenum on the Fif-| rade Stalin The entire work of teenth. Anniversary. of the October) strengthening the internal and in- Revolution) | ternation Position of the USSR., * . . the whole of e stupendous work Party and its Leninist Centra] | of. Socialist construction carried out STALIN DEVELOPS TEACHINGS OF MARX AND LENIN - Lenin further devecoped the téath- US.6.R. is. Unked- up with the name ings of Marx .and Engels for “the | of Comtrade’ Stalin. :.On basis of the || epoch of imperialism aad proletarian | law of the uneven developmerit of im- revolutions, analyzed the problems: of| perialism, he worked out and car- monopolist capitalism, the proletarian | ried: into: “Gberation the. Leniist dictatorship, the hegemony of the | teachings on the building up:of Seet- in’ the-- revolution, the} ablé :to get “the working-class: to | { | tances ip. the development <of-. Ame | H which: |, | will ‘fan the Negro, and the large land“expropriations (precisely of the fertile land) in favor of, the railway, mining, ete.,. companies, will make the ; farmers of the wesi, whovare already | Tebellious, into allies of’ the bt aga } So the kettle is beginning to boil. | Since Marx ‘Spoke | Marx arid Engels also studied prains-} | takirigly those peculiar. ¢onditions -in | the development of Ame: Capt- | taliem, which in. the past, allowed for a fluldily sf the S:ass relationships in the Uy <Marx-and Engels called | upait” hele? ‘trieiids! to. bea in mind | | these’ pecullar, conditions’ in order to| vin theyiAmerican workers -for thie | | Revolutiqn. “Marx in his :letters and ewritings spoke with ‘confidence about thé. révolubionaty: perspectives arising in the: course, of the ‘development: of | American Capitalism. At the same time’ they. lashed with'.the. greatest | force the’ sectarianism of the early | ‘Marxist‘in ‘the country. “Muith water has flowed under. the bildge--sirice, Marx wrote these words. | The «development. of American im- perfalism’ had the effect of bringing ‘Phe :kettlé to the ‘simmering’ point, | withoub, showever,, extingujshing .the | | flamé..-On the contrary, the develop- | ment of “imperialism, far from dull- Ing: or7temoving." any of the basic forees whivh would lead to the in-| ‘evitebie* destruction. of capitalism, only: sharpened . and :extended these forces, While, the working class—| for reasons. which .we’. will not now | discuss—was: then unable to develop | its own revolutionary party, was un- | able to’ take immediate - and “lasting advantage: ofthe alliance with the rebellious’ farnmiers and ‘the: oppressed Negro masses for a’ direct frontal at- | tack upon capitalism, it is in a much Mote favorable Postion to do: so to- day. ‘American, ‘capitalam casbered the Stage of imperialism. The ¢ommon disease of capitalism: throughout the world, which had been’ festering in the -vitals‘of American” imperialism, has naw completely revealed all its! symptoms; © The *-wworld. ¢risis. has brought to’ the surface ii the sharp- est. form all, the chafattelsties ‘of the decaying ‘stage’ of capitalism. The | complete : financial .. collapse, which | goes. undér the insipid: and working name of ‘banking holiday,’ "is round- ing out ‘the crisis in -thé. United States -(and) therefore, ttitaughout the ‘capitalists orld. ae) ‘witha per- | of the “nineties. fect completeness, With the trediehd- ous. industry almost ati a, standstiy, with 16,000,000 totally. uhemployed at least,.(who can tell how ‘many’ mil- ions at-this tite?) witht tremendoub confiscation of the middle class and what money was left in the working Class being decried through the’ ing and ‘willing mouthpiece Roose- velt, with ‘wholesale: . ct ‘wage~ cuts through infighed urrency, high= er prices startihg’ to do into effeet— aré not these bound divd.will they:not soon bring. té frnitition. that. active and working alliance..whith ! spoke of in.18777. At,ni In: American* history. under. ‘the bailing. .kevele sueh intensity. + < Potential ‘Niles: - ‘The’ potential ‘allies: of the working class are more nugnerouis. |The Negro people and the farmers are speaking with a greater ‘decisiveness et Le 1877 even during the populist. rev To these ate’ une added: the -petty-Datirgeois’ masses ih the cities and the: colonial. 6, 0f the Ehiiepints and "other - cole; oppressed by eriearr’ imperialisrt. All these currénts tan bécome ‘directly révolutionary, can -be -made “to.” in.one united .stteapt Jagainst talism, precisély:- now, when capitet= ism is weak, when it ‘is yeas ‘Only thé working “class tiider™ | leddership~.of an “indépendent. poli- tical party” can: coalesce stream, gan direct it. in the: proper’ And the only Party: today which fulfills this” role, which’ 4 » the ‘# dependent. political: “Pérty”... of; working olass,.. is. the. ‘Commi Party. s The devastation of the craic the creation by: it: of deep: chahnels~in which the revolutionary, streani tan ‘flow, confronts the Communist” with its great historical :teskK—that of bsconting the copigiapier-in-ahiet .of the-revolutionary forces, Today, even: more: than ever before, in this country, each ‘act’ of ‘resistant by: the masses against’ gathering and frontal attack of th carried within ~iteelf the -gefins: ot great mass actions... The ‘step frotn wAittie” acts for relief.to great ‘ ae actions for unemployment. 3 can. a:, Seven-league : resistance to the. cute incveterene’ compensation: can: become «a» move- ment, of. great. proportions eee the Roosevelt Tegime. © f a with HOW TO READ CAPITAL By V. ADORATZKY Head of Marx-Engels-Lenin. Institue) | contribution ” to the « “Committee roused millions of toil- age ets to adtion, for the struggle to ful- fill the Five-Year Plan, acted every-| where as agitators, propagandists and organizers for the fulfillment of the| Five-Year Plan. ‘In the struggle for the Five- Year| Plan our Party and its Leninist Cen- tral Committee still further extended and strengthened its deep-rooted con- | nections with the broad masses of| tollers, who, on théir own initiative, | and under the leadership of the} Party,.put forward, and in the main| have carried out, the slogan of “The| Pivé-Yeer Plan in Four Years.” | Historical truth obliges us to men- | tion here the role “of the man. under | whose firm and tried leadership the Party and its Central Committee fatched through the difficult moun, during the past t itfons of capiti irclement | which demanded the greatest Lenin- | ist firmness and flexibility, combined | with steel-like determination, bears | | the direct impress of the mind, the | will and the actions of Stalin, Marx and Engels gave to the in-| ternational proletariat the theory of scientic Socialism—Marxism, and on the basis of analysis of the laws of capitalist development and of the de- velopment of the class struggle, re- | vealed the historic mission of the} working class as the grave-digger of eat capitalism and the inevitability of the dictatorship of the proletariat by| means of fh the working-class, | after breaking the resistance of the exploiters, and leading the oppressed | masses of the whole pegple, will or-| proletariat role of the .nationél-colonial “re-|'s volutions, the . Party. and = the problem “of “the successful con~ struction of Socialism in the’ pe- riod of the proletarian dictatorship, and gave to the Worid-proletariat the experience of thé firs. proletarian revolution and the first proletarian dictatorship inthe worid, leading them through the. most dangerous and difficult years of ruin caused by the imperialist and civil .wars and of intervention, and at the same time laid firm foundations -for’ the: con- struction of Socialism. in the U.6.S.R. The great name of Lenin.is linked with Leninism as Marxism. ofthe | epoch of imperialism and proletarian revolution. In the minds of the toilers of our alism inva single country. \-In= jist. Hosition, which is “upderstood. |e the: whofe of the Conusunist. In- ternational; the. task of preparing the international. proletariat fora new round of wars:and revolutions is ac- tually being ner h uf. fa. OW AT: PRESENT "MEN SHEVISX Under the’ leadership ‘of Lenin, the | CP.S.U. defegted: Menshevism, which ‘Stood ini the path’ of the: proletarian Tevolution.in’ Russia; wider the lead- ership of, Stalin, in. the, period. of | Socialist construction, a decisive blow | Was struck at the Mehsievism:of oyr epoch which: sometimes eppears. in the form of, counter-revojutionsry | Trotslyistn- +6 ahd.“ gonietimes tn the | standing. of Chap. Bay the proof-sheets, he wrote | on June 16> 1867 that” Phat. eb tained here dialectically. will: hawe.to be confirmed historically in somewhat greater detail, taking a sample from | history.as ib were to. determine | whether everything neéésebary: has al- | ready, been istated.”. : Several dntiades later, Engels himself solved this prob- lem, of ““histork serene, the necessity for the -formation.:of money « :as Well ..as “the* process thtough which it takes ‘place”. in? pal last, unfinished -monogreph,’ the..so~ celled - supplement; tot Vol. : TT..of “Capital” Cajthough “hes was - interested jn 'the: “hgtoricelp “portrays! of the. transfgrmetion otivaluts in production: Pe Rey ment,” a bri In beginning to read Marx's “Cap- ital” one thust first get an idea oft structure’ of this. unique .work. © Its | artangements ~ differs - considerably from. that-.of the ‘usual bourgeois “principles” or “textbooks” of political | economy. £253 V4 “Its firstthree volumes, with. their 17 ‘sections, do) not: give us a) con- segutive «discussion "of ‘the \ varius “fields” or “‘subdivisions” of economics that esperoetaly | seen) to exist, such as. industry, trade, agriculture; bank- ing, Jabor problems, etc. “Capital” is “djalectically arranged” rather, as Marx ; Wrote ‘to Bn on July 31, 1865... Its ‘structure perallels thé ac- tysl material development of the sub- it treats of:. the capitalist, mode of prodye' flow: xe \d. the corresponding tain pass after the death | of ‘Comrade | ganize planned socialist industry and Lenih.- It-is all the more pecessary | Prepare the ground for classless soci-| form of the Pai cod See te cnguicos oe padueien and distri- ece of: deséription, is+ Gieacites io volume of, our edition...» + «In spite of all these aids it ts tike- to the thite ‘The answer to the.,third question. ts. gency cash relief appropriation of | to ‘wherition this for the reason that| alist society. goon we’ will’ celebrate the Fifteenth Anniversary of the Octaber. Revolu- tfoi, “and a little later the tenth an; | niversary: of the death @f Corirede| Venin, which was a atte and, ite | replaceable loss for us, and'for the proletariat and toilers oF the ‘whole world. LEAD THE PARTY AND THE WORKING CLASS Comrade Stalin, the true. eamrade, | in-arms and best disciple of Coesade| | Lenin, led the Party, the working @ass, and the entire country, over all the dangers that we encoyptered dur- ing the past decade, to surmount al] | the difficulties which stood*in- four | way. Never yet, hes. our Party’, been armly i consolidated, and ane ast at ARTICLES ON KARL MARX IN MARCH ISSUE OF COMMUNIST ‘Today s issue of the Daily Worker, which commemorates the 50th an- niversary of the death of Karl Marx, can only give a fragmentary pieture of the life and work of the founder of scientific socialism. This issue should stimulate workers to read more about this great thinker and revo- Jutionist. Of special importance In this connection {s ithe March jssue, Tiow: off the press, of the Communist.’ In addition.té-articles by Max Bedacht, Sam Don and others, there is an article: of: ggecial importance whith in- cludes the correspondence of Marx and’ Engéls on the subject of. the * American Civil War. Send orders de the Communist, P.O. Box 148, Sta- tion D., New York. ' vy. yt 5 tet katt country atid of the international pro; | 92. «: letariat the whole peried of Socialist] | 1 t za ‘ 4 ‘construction and ‘its’ victory “in “the teed age Tenialety tron 7 Lenin “Right: apron : tions. ° aoe ee his. reports, See | pei ises he developed ‘ | of Marg-and Lenia sind. tov the first’ phase. 67 “Goctatiaan) ‘Stalin's “a eo aS ‘The ‘Fear of Great f speethes &$*the one deli af the Conference of Avtarian sts, Or the one delivered at the. Conference of Business Managers on thé ‘mastery not only-directives fo? our Party, not only: “historical; Jandmarkg ’ of * oye || achievements and: hea paar they importahee “for the whole : le of! the Comintern, documents whose M4 of technique, Stalin's Siz Pointe—ere} 4 ewe | ter-T of Vol. I entitled.“ anid, Money.” ly that many readers wild find tthe abihg gs dire dy ap Rod dh ag ing. In hype: eras itis: aAvidable to er with, the hature of capital- dst, von ‘as the production of Ea ‘whieh reed power fetes @ commodit from the simplest, Beals P3- prod produc- | 3 the hiction ~~ cect the: ‘eontradictory oa ae of tts manifestations,- their growihg intepénderice of'one another, end: their: fication.” In Chap. 48, Vol.- ”* Marx briefly | (and eveh more cee ns We}. evolution. Hg ht oriening-< ae ‘Tie simisture pital” parallels ek ter: 2 ‘this evolution: Vol, 1. pial’ pro- | Appendix to aaa cess of production; Vol. It — Capi- ised on ‘of Vol the subsequent simpler, survey ‘ofthe contents Gt, Vol. Tis, givét by: Engels. in his printed in the “Demoktatische | “las ; ; ; “Capital” is, ;doubtlentheimost 1 pre- ti basse Missa sevehutiotatyy sate worl ‘Ure. ves 'the maodern | proletarian’ Marx's Pe eo Aise Coveries, the: ripest: fruitsi-of hun= dreds of \years: of ‘scientifie! develops ment, It~provides him ‘witha book of materialistic dialectics; materialist ot history general and of. its. applicdtién: to: capitalist system in: particular: it is not intended ‘to'make a “savant” ” "* course” used “in| sclerice ‘for its own sakevor’ re ie study of “Capital.”| enjoyment. ‘The’ reader “ots id ‘will find thése aids par-| must never forget’ Hed ‘Marxism in rekding Chap- : ‘Commodity He oF ‘with | the new. popular ‘Labor and Capital.” “Mark, § # i ? teylarly ni Mane pimselt. tn his | fate,’ to French’ ‘edition « of ex mer meer Po oe . 1. ene! lon ~ ion: wi " ao Sathipodt its. ae, and not’ gt ont. iA: ie ‘put, stenine's Seadér agairist it. action, ‘to the battle’ for the) over throw 'of the bourgeoisie - tory of ‘Socialism am eee Bugels’ Contribution Pee Aas. lett Us sh Apportany BEN ait hte