The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 2, 1933, Page 4

Fublished by 3th St., New York City the Comprodaily Page Four S307% N. ¥. Telephone A Address and mail checks to the Dally Worker, Publishing Oo. ine., dail, except Sonday, ut 30 £. Lgonquin 4-7956, Cable “DATWORK. 50 E, 13th St., New York, N. ¥. Fascists Plan Murder of| A Japanese Leaders of German Workingclass and ju and carr a pretended Hitler, the pro- ‘documents empt to ‘essional Imme to mur- | der Hitler, Hit | cold blood every ho: dolice i to seize and assa German workingclass upon whom st Ieader of the the German police hands! Hundreds of the best and fine: ng clas: , the heroic lead- ers of the Communi 1 and at the | mercy of the cold-bloo criminal Hitle | arenyed the burning of the Rei as buildin a pretext for the wholesale apitalist pr for the purpo: the German workir as having 2 of giving class be- fore the election schi | The man used” by Hitler of setting fire to the Reichstag is imown to be a police agent long ago exposed, expelled and denounced by the Dutch Communist Party yed by the Dutch to | commit exactly such incendiary job Who profited What party wan lections? Hitler. * * few months ep millions | spring of 1932, the time t more in any < the Nazi pol the best of th the German peo} Just as the whi dent Doumer of Franc in the hire of the n acts today in the terms of inevitable emancipation of Germ dictatorship of the cap’ and juni ‘Workers’ and Peasants’ public, the Dicta the great masses of the German population HEN the fascist murderer Gorguloft press screamed that Gorguloff w: When the fascist police agent V agent, set fire to the Reichst “communist.” ot ‘Germany, thinks and hope of preventing the rthrow of the bloody establishment of the Proletariat, of | ted Doumer, nunist n “der Luebbe, acting ist press screams the fascist | as Hitler's that he is a he fase: When Hitler’s next police provocation occurs—which will be the pre- | tended attempt to “assassinate” Hitler (unless the advance public ex- | posure forestalls it)—-the Ge scist press will scream that the pre- tended assassin is a “commun (E workingclass of the world cannot and will not stand quiet while the Hitler butchers slanghter the cream of the German working class! Workers of America! Rally to the defense of the German workers! Rally to the defense of the heroic leaders of the German revolution—the hope of the German nation—the Communist Party—leaders of the Ger- man workingclass! The Capitalist Chisie Has | the Schools NEW YORK.—Like some terrible disease the depression has swept over the country these last four yea leaving ruin in its path. With n last year it has hit. the sc tem, throwing thousands of teache volved in re-educating the child; but | out of work, leaving as many unpaid, | blindly retraces its own steps. | and keeping more thousands from Continuation Schools obtaining jobs, in additian, it | has deprived architects, draftsmen, |, Pe*haps even a worse form of re- | n = zh ne | renchment is the closing of the adult and engineers, all connected with the | : ‘ 74 i . |Continuation Schools: worse because Board of Education, of their jobs | _ 54 Pi ri . 5 te many unemployed are dgprived of a Worst of ali it has done infinite harm ; P ; e chance to find jobs. The recent shut- to the children in the schools, at- | Gown of the schools deprived 3,880 tacking them mentally, morally, and 5 / é son. (Students of a better chance to find Beeston fn lees com | work, and caused over 78 teachers to ; + be shifted to other schools, in turn duct of the officials is another si erecta ts . sie, | Beets watitin tracts et woste forcing substitute teachers to be de-| | sightedness, and downright stupidit jclared in excess. The Board of Edu- ing of Board 60,000 in the budget, the| pends about $890,000 in real- | ghtedness to the tune of | $530,000 of public funds. The Board | admits the great expense in- | ‘which mark the system we live un cation builds memployment! .». We take the conditions in New upplies Cut | ‘York first. Added to the other retrenchments ~ Overcrowding of Pupils. | are large cuts in needed supplies: cuts The schools today are suffering |in health education, instruction and from two illnesses: overcrowding and |¢quipment, in visual instruction, in a shortage of schools. A few statis- fuel and repair equipment. In all, a ties, will help. cut of more than $800,000 in vital} An ideal class would cont no |items, at a time like this, when the} more than 25 children; but as a con- | Maintenance and improvement of ev- cession to hard ti let us accept /ery item on the list is necessary to | 36 without complaining. But what we discover? Taking our figures from the Superintendent of Schools, Ww find that in every 1,000 classes Manhattan, Bronx and Brooklyn, spectively, 308, 294, and 294 cl had over 35 children in them; tr J1, 147, 144 had over 45; and that im-eyery 1,000 in these three boroughs had from 50 to 60. These estimates belong to 1931 (the last official re- port thus far issued); teacher and newspaper reports testify that since then overcrowding has-been proceed- ing on an unprecedented scale. As a the well-being of the child. Many | schools and annexes are fire-traps, | oilets are frequently so unsanitary | hat the children will not use them; and rooms are often so badly heated x ventilated that colds or worse are the rule. Surrounded by conditions such as these our children have to go to school. Abundance of Teachers. One might imagine that overcrowd- ing is due in part to a lack of teach- jers. Unfortunately the very opposite jis true. Besides the fairly constant |number of 35,000 who are already result classes are frequently conduct | teaching, there is a reserve who are ed in cold basements or in bunga- \licensed, with perhaps equally as Jows; children often sit two in a seat |many who have failed the license thus spreading sickness and dis- | test, but who are nevertheless trained ease), and many have been known to | men and women. Moreover, until the stand. recent closing of the training schools (which had about 2,000), a steady is so |stream of teachers was swelling the year) |ranks. These men and women have | re Night Schools The night school registration large (70,000-15,000 ove: that there is a perpetual waiting list. | spent the best part of their lives pre- | ‘The overcrowding here cries for paring for this work. They are spe- | lief; 60, 70, 90 and 100 students Co in their field, and badly in one class. Often © class is in sey- eral rooms with only one teacher as- signed to it. Moreover, the Board has of jobs into the bargain. Authorities Admit Need ‘The Superintendent of Schools, Dr. 4 neec cut, sessions down to sour evenin O'Shea, has more than once admitted | week, and heavily restricted the num- | the need of more teachers. ber of courses. ‘To reduce the size of every class by Promises Without Action one pupil would mean the employ- This overcrowding ts ment ver 500 teachers, he said in; vesponse to an ever-inc his port. Sinc 1owever, | tration as well as to the shortag echools. Many plans for new schools were made, but in the fall of 1932 class grown larger and teach- | ers are actually thrown out of work adding to an already swollen waiting | + construction was definitely suspend. | list ed. The Board admitted the need for Lists to Contend With new buildings, from time to time has| Moreover, licensed teachers ho | continued to promise additions; but as far as it is possible to find out, | pointment are victims of the list sys- nothing has been done about carry-|tem. This means that if a substitute ing out the plans. This shameful con- |is not given a regular job within four | dition is not without irony as well. ars of receiving his license, he is ‘The nation’s leaders, Hoover in the | autom ly dropped from the vanguard, shout that the children | school system entirely, and must take must be kept in school, But when the |a ne am and go to the bottom of | children respond they find either ter- | the 6,000 or more ahead of him. At} overcrowding or, as in Alabama, | present the substitutes are fighting for example, an alinost complete | for extension of all li till appoint- | shutdown of the schools. These chil- |ment. A victory will cost the public dren go out looking for jobs, making |no extra money, and will insure these an already desperate situation worse. | teachers the right to obtain eventu- ‘Thus do the Boards of Education fur- | ally what they have worked so hard ther unemployment. for. They have been educated at pub- Summer Schools Closed | lic expense; they are highly trained. Continuing its policy of retrench- | unable in a moment to start on al ment without regard for the pupil, new career. It would be sheer stu- have not received a permanent ap- | the Board has closed summer schools. | pidity and unfairness to set thei | In this action we find signal proof of | adrift. | waste of public moneys. It costs| In the next article we will take up | $14.10 to educate a child for one se-|the matter of relief in the schools; ! mester in the regular school term. It | and show that, though the teachers costs only $4.10 to allow that child | have suffered several pay cuts, they either to skip a grade or make up a /are stili coerced into taking another failure in the short summer school|pay cut via the medium of relied sovene. So, 0 show an immediate eay- contributions. a / |ing in another country. | officers, they began to throw stones |the yard and all of this the soldiers | removed. I Sore in the history of the Japanese Regiment Mutinies (Translated from the “Bodo Shimbun”) | 1E mutiny took place in the most | isciplined army in the world, the Army, in regimental | of the 15th Regiment at} saki. The entire barracks was} the control of the rank and] file for a week, and the officers could do nothing until the Division came to their rescue. How did it happen? the un¢ as in the 2 regiment was going to Shanghai, China. The active servicemen were leaving and the reserve men were taking their place One day,’ the co. anies of the reserve were standing along the streets to send off the companies ot active service who were going away to the battlefront. The streets were crowded with townspeople and oth- ers who came to say good-bye to their sons, brothers, husbands, friends and | fellow-workers. All the street corners were guarded by police, not only the civil police, but also the military po- lice—for what? ' Re td Suddenly, saw @ horse on w ilitary policeman was eee Spar up, and a re nan, who was} standing beside the horse, try to pus y the horse’s hip and the tail| h brushed across his face. He | did this only to protect himself from | ; the horse and did it quite uncon- |} ciously, because his head was full{ is thoughts of the men who right efore his eyes were being sent away \to the battlefield to kill their fellow human beings, who are not their enemies but their fellow-workers liy- BRUTAL DEED WAS NOT FORGOTTEN The mounted policeman, after he had succeeded in stopping the horse, back to the reserve- man in a rage. He caught hold of the soldier’s coat, threw him to the ground and gave him several blows with his fist. His fellow reservemen all saw this with watchful eyes, but could not move to help him because they feared the power behind the military policeman, and also because each did not yet know what the other | was thinking. But they saw the| brutal deed clearly, and marked it} deep in their hearts. we pe Day by day, the reservemen| learned from similar experiences the attitude of the officers towards them, and day by day they also learned what was in the minds of their. fel-| | low soldiers. | ane of the men had a large neck| that the hook of the coai would oe fasten. The captain had already | excused him from buttoning the col-| lar. But this unhooked neck flashed across the eyes of an M. P.—it so happened that this was the very same M. P. who had brutally beaten | the soldier on the street a few days | before. Having no knowledge of the ‘excuse by the captain, he struck the thick-necked soldier in the face with | his fist. But, immediately, a harder | blow was returned by the thick- necked man. And this was the start- ing of the Great Mutiny. OFFICERS BEG FOR THEIR LIVES The bugler blew a‘signai—the men all ran towards the spot—300 of them gathered in a minute. They rushed into the officers’ rooms, the symbol of the special privileges for the officers. The kittens of a moment ago now became 300 wild tigers. The colonel, majors, captains and lieu-| tenants—the rank made no differ-| ence to the soldiers now—all the ofi- | cers came down on their knees and | begged for their lives. What a sight! Some officers | escaped through the windows and broke their legs. | After they had bound all their into their rooms. A pile of building material was found in one corner of threw into the room of the hated oficers. So many stonés were piled in these rooms that they filled two big wagons when they were later a eid ‘The men had carried out their re- venge, but they had made an enemy —a very powerful one. The men re- alized this and began immediately to prepare themselves against attacks which might come at any hour. ‘They, therefore, collected bullets and powder and set up machine guns on the gates, and waited. No one went to bed that night. Nothing happened that night. The next day was the same. They saw not a shadow of the enemy for a week. During this week, the officers remained in captivity and the regi- ment was entirely under the control of the rank and file, But the mutiny of one in the whole of Japan could not hold out. The day on which they} must surrender came at last—the day }on which the Division came and at-| |tacked them. The rest is well known. Some of the men, after a court-martial, were put in jail, while to the others was ven the commend not to speak of the matter to anyone—that’s all. And} the whole story of the great mutiny, he like of which never occurred be- regiment Army, is buried in the bourgeois Papers under the small heading, “Some Drunken Men of the Regi- ment, etc.” LETTER FROM READER U. 8S. Veterans Hospital. Oteen, No. Carolina. Dear Comrades:— Have just recently, for the first time, studied “The Communist Manifesto” of Marx and Engels. | ‘What a contrast, this sane, analyt- | ical, logical reasoning to the bewil- dering futility of the capitalist blah-blah philosophy. Am sending another hundred rounds of ammunition ($1) for the “Daily.” Fraternally, i U. 8S. VETERAN. | a) ene | Fditor's Note:—This teteran has | already contributed several times. | Other vets and workers should fol- jow his example. ite Dail Yorker’ Party USA. NEW DEAL MAGIC r & By Burek News item: Roosevelt will choose “Faith, Hope and Charity” as his text for inaugural speech. The Sixth Anniversary of the Death of C. E. Ruthenberg ‘Yoday is the sixth anniversary of the death of Comrade C. E. Ruth- enberg, one of the most outstand- ing founders of the Communist Party of the U. S, A. Comrade Ruthenberg joined the Socialist Party in 1909, and was recording secretary of the City Central Com- mittee in Cleveland from that time till 1912, In 1913 he became the city organizer for the Cleveland organization. As candidate for Mayor in 1917 on the Socialist Party ticket in Cleveland, he ran on a platform of opposition to the imperialist war, and received 27,000 votes out of a total of 100,000. In 1919, Ruthenberg was a lead~ ing factor in organizing the left wing opposition to those leaders of the Socialist Party who had al- ready clearly exposed their role as betrayers of the working class. He became the first secretary of the Communist Party of America. and | in 1922 was the national secretary | the name | under which the party was known | of the Workers’ Party, at that time, and continued as na- tional secretary until his death, on March 2, 1927. The following passages speeches made by Comrade Ruth- enberg in the capitalist courts dur- ing his trials on charges of “incit- ing to insurrection” breathe the militant spirit that served as the | inspiration for Party in“ the development: the early Communist stages of its oe WAR AND REVOLUTION (Delivered During the New York Trial, March, 1920) @@APITALIST production in its development brings about its own decay, its own decline, its own breakdow: capitalist production inevitably, through its own condi- tions of existence, produces such a situation as the World War; a world war, an imperialist war, brings about the breakdown of cap- italist production. It also brings about the increase in prices, the increase of the cost of commodi- ties, and thus intensifies the strug- gle between the workers who must gain the necessities to live and the owning class. “I might illustrate result of the war, doubled, and we have number of strikes on this: As a prices have had a large the part of the workers trying to catch up | with the cost of living. Such a strike, for instance, was the out- law railroad strike. “Thus, in the development of the capitalist system, its own contra- dictions bring about a situation in which the machinery of production ks down. For example, war. ism brings the great cap- italist classes in conflict with each other. This conflict in the begin- ning takes the form of a diplo- matic controversy and ends in war. War brings about the disintegra- tion of the capitalist machinery of production, as bas been the case in Europe. Ii also brings about inflation, the i of prices, and the wor! a more bitter struggle ag: “In this saw illustrated in the various strikes, like that of the coal miners, which last year brought a stoppage of. in- dustry in certain places—the out- law strike of the raiload workers, is driven to ante apitalist and which brought about disintegration , of the railroad service and brought about a situation in which the in- dustries could not function effec- This process ultimately brings about a condition in which the workers are compelled to strike more frequently, more widely. In the process the government acts as the agent of the capitalist class for the suppression of the work- ers.... aS for example, in the coal miners’ strike last year, the gov- ernment used the injunction, it used federal troops, it tied up the treasury of the unions. This di- rects the attention of the workers against the capitalist state, as the agency of the capitalist class, and their struggles begin to develop against the government. “At the present, moment the Eng- lish strike of the coal miners is an example of that development, In this process there comes a point where the capitalist government is from | , no longer able to function, and in | such a crisis the working class will establish. its workers’ councils, which become the government and function as the government in or- der that production may be. estab- | lished on a new basis, carried on for the benefit of the people. For a period there may be, as there were in Russia, two governments, one becoming the government and the other disintegrating and going out of exjstence. In such a situ- ation, too, the larger part of the army, as was the case in Russia, would support the workers in their | efforts to establish a government in the form that will be suitable for the exercise of working-class power, a Soviet government.” CLASS JUSTICE (Delivered upon being sentenced to from five to ten years’ imprison- ment at the conclusion of the New York Trial, Mareh, 1920) “I have merely this to say for my- | Self, that I have in the past held | certain ideals for a reorganization of society on a new basis. I have upheld those ideals and gone to | prison for them when they were | connected with the late war. I have stood by vhose principles in | which T firmly believe, and 1 still stand for those principles irrespec- of the ri | trial, “I expect in the future, as in the past, to uphold and fight for | those principles until the time comes that those _ principles triumph, and a new society is built in place of the present social or- ganization. “I realized from the beginning | of this trial, as I have in any other trial that I have taken ‘part in us | defendent, that this court, and all | the instruments of this court, are merely a part of that organization | of toree which we will call the cap- | italist state; und I expected no | other result from an organization of the capitalist class to protect | the capitalist system, than the re- sult that, has been returned by this court in ihis particular case; and, | of course, accepting this as a case | of class justice, a case of the use ot the organized force of the state in order to suppress the desires of those who today are. suffering under bs oppressi. ) of the present system, I will accept the sentence in that same spirit ot defiance, | realizing that I go to prison. be- cause of support of a great prin- ciple that. will triumph in spite of ic. E, Ruthenberg| sult of this particular | organizations of tie capit class. PER Re THE CLASS STRUGGLE (Delivered during the Bridgeman ‘Trial, May,, 1923) “In every period of written his- tory there has been a struggle be- tween contending classes—that is, an economic division—the way men gain their livelihood breaking them up into different groups, with dif- ferent group interests. And in one phase the history of this struggle presented itself in the form of a slwuggle between master and slave; the producers of wealth were chat- tel slavés, owned by the master class which held them in slavery. “At a later stage, the same class struggle presented itself as a sirug~ gle between the feudal lords and the serfs who tilled the land. In that system there developed also a j struggle between the aristocracy, the feudal lords, and the growing commercial class which became the capitalist class of our times. “In each of these eras the class. struggle between the ruling class— the master class—and the exploited class has resulted in the overturn- ing of the existing system of so- ciety. The capitalists of the six- teenth, the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries carried on a bitter struggle against the aristo- cracy for power. “There exists today in the cap- italist system. a division of classes, based upon the economic interests of the classes. On the one side we have in the United States, and in every other capitalist country of the world, a class which owns and controls the machinery of produc- tion. They are the owners of cap- ital; they own the’ railroads, they own the factories, they own the mines, they own the land in some Measure. And this class is using its ownership of these productive forces to enrich itself. “Through its possession of pow- er, through the fact that it con- trols the opportunity of the masses of workers and farmers to gain a livelihood, it is able to take from them, through the machinery of the capitalist system, a large part of what they produce. In interest and dividends they secure more than the workers in the factories and on the land receive for their labor in producing wealth. Out of every dollar produced by the work- ers in the factories and on the farm, at least 50 per cent goes to the owners of capital—those who control the machinery of produc- tion. “This fact of the exploitation of the workers and farmers brings in- to existence a conflict—a class struggle—which manifests itself, in the case of the industrial workers, in the great strikes which take place from time to time; in the ease of the farmers in such a movement as the Non-Partisan League, in such a movement he Farmer Bloc in Congress. “This siruggle which manifests itself today in this form in pre- sent+day society will grow more bitter—will grow sharper. In the processes of the struggie the work- ers and farmers will organize them- selves to attain control of political power. “They will find in the experience of this struggle that whenever the industrial. worker uses his indus- trial power—that is, goes on strike —to attain better wages and work- ing conditions, he will find arrayed against him the power of the gov- ernment which is dominated by the capitalist class, as in every such struggle the government aligns itself with the capitalist as against the worker and uses the governmental pewer to enforce the will of the capitalist against the worker. “This also applies to the farmer. In the legislation of Congress the interesis of the bankevs and the financial oligarchy of Wall Street are considered; laws are made in the interests of this capitalist group, strehgthening its position to inaintain its exploitation of the agricultural worker. And these two | facts, the use of the governmental all the courts, in spite of all the 4 power against the industrial work- By Mail everywhere: One year, 36; six months, $5.50; 8 months, $2; excepting Borough of Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Canada: One year, 1 month, 758 nweneee a By MOE BRAGIN. INDER the leadership of the Needle Trades Workers Indus- trial Union, the workers of the Maimon-Sanger Dress Co. have just won a great strike. «We go to the headquarters of the union on 28th St. to see Mary Negrelli, the strike leader. The sixth floor hums like a beehive. Over the bookshop flames a sign: “Knowledge Power. Workers! Learn to Fight The little comrade is very busy in the organization department. At last she hurries out to say hello. She goes into a room where the special problems of the Negro work- ers in the needle trades are taken up. She hasn’t had her supper yet. There is a meeting which she should attend soon. She leans against the table. She is pale and heavy with fatigue from month’s battling the boss, the police, the scabs. Yet she realizes how im- portant it is that the story of the strike be told. Forgotten is her supper, her weariness, the meeting. She talks for two hours ARY refuses to say anything about herself. Questions of a personal nature are brushed aside. Her problem is not where she was born and where she lives. How. did the workers get together? What were the difficulties? And now what are the terms of victory? HIGHEST PAY $12 FOR 60 HOURS WORK. Six months ago Mary got her job in Maimon-Sanger as an oper- ator. One hundred-fifty workers in the shop. Most of them Italians with a few Negroes, Spanish, Jews. Hours from 8:30 to 7 every day, and Saturday until 5:30. Dinner time cut down to three-quarters of an hour; half hour Saturday. The power plants always on. The boss expecting you to take even less time to eat. The wages $8, $9, $10, $12 and the highest $15. The aver- age wage $12 for 60 hours. No pay for deadtime. In her efforts to arouse the work- ers against the terrible conditions Mary had to take one step back~- ward at first to every two steps forward. Because of their reli- gion, strict upbringing, and poli- tical backwardness and fear, the odds seemed against her. The ac- tion of the International last year prejudiced all the shop workers against organizations of any sort. The International had sent a com- mittee to pull the shep down. The boss had paid off the committce. This had all leaked out. Right after she was hired dur- ing the summer, Majmon-Sanger without warning slashed wages. Mary talked to the girls. She urged them all’ to go to the boss to fight the slash. At the last mo- ment the girls backed out. Mary, however, watked into the office. In- stead of pressing her demands and so exposing herself and being fired, Mary quickly switched her purpose. She just asked the boss please if he would help her figure up her pay. This quickness of mind and courage won the respect of all the girls. It also showed her the im~ portance of preparation. Her next attempt was also de- feated. She formed a group of 12 TEN DAYS Again the girls with- i to meet the boss to discuss their i grievances. drew when the time came for ac- tion, Instead of scolding the girls for be- ing cowards, she let the whole mat- ter drop. The girls’ confidence in themselves and in her inereased bee of her understanding. <Al- resourceful, and one operators, Mary soon of the faste: became the natural leader in the shop. SHOP NUCLEUS IS ORGANIZED. Carefully and slowly with the ace tive help of the union, a shop nuce leus was formed. ‘Three party members and three Y.C.L.’s. Small meetings of two, three and nino, workers were held. Only choséets comrades were allowed to agitate certain workers. Not a snip about politics or religion. Ons hundred percent avoidance of sectarianism. Not a word about union. The agle tation consisted solely in telling the workers that it was within their own power to make their own working conditions and arous- ing them to fight on the basis of such conditions. Aes) T last they had a group, of 23 workers. At the meeting of the whole group they appointed plant captains. There were six power plants. They appointed two cap- tains for each plant. Around these captains, organizations went on carefully and successfully. ‘The boss didn’t suspect a thing. He continued his nasty old triel of bringing in new lots of dress at about 5:30 when it was almost tirac to quit. Mary refused to start working when such new lots were forced on them. She left her ma- chine and went home. The boss didn’t bother her. He discontinued the practice. More girls joined in the underground organization. FIRST DEMAND WON. When she thought she had most of the workers with her, Mary found a new chance to test them. A lot of suits came into the shop which required extra heavy work. Mary felt the time was ripe to raise ®@ G@emand for this work. She gave the signal cne lunch hour, The plant captains met her in the la- dies’ toilet. They were ready. They mobilized all the workers .at the spot where work was distributed. Even the oldest and most timid spoke up. They demanded an in- crease of 10 cents. For 20 minutes they wouldn’t budge back to their machines. The boss surrendered, He gave them the increase. A few days after the boss pro- mised the raise we had another meeting. The girls were pessimis~ tic. They were sure he wouldn't pay us the raise for those gar- ments. The weather was bad. Orly 20 girls came to the meeting. That didn’t discourage us. We had no loose talking and no stools.” We got our 10 cents. ‘Then we had a second meeting, much bigger, to consider what to do about another lot of garments much harder to work on. That was how the boss was getting back the raise. We were very careful here. Maybe it was too much for the girls. We didn’t want to push them. But they all voted with one hand for a 50 cents: increase for the new garment. (Continued Tomorrow) ers,.and the use of the legislative | power against the farmer and the agricultural worker, will build up a movement of these two exploited groups to attain control of the government power and to use that power in their own interests.” IMPERIALIST WARS AND REVOLUTION (Delivered during the Bridgeman ‘Trial, May, 1923) “Imperialist wars are the inevit- able outcome of the capitalist sys- tem of production — not only a single war but many wars, recur- ring from time to time. In this process of capitalist imperialism there is the threat of the destruc- tion of our civilization. In the wars which will come from time to time there will be great destruc- tion of wealth; there will be the breaking down of the productive forces. The people of the capital- ist countries will find themselves impo zrished, will find themselves suffering because the war has taken from them the possibilities of producing wealth as they previ- ously produced it. “In this process of imperialism i | workers to abolish the capitalist system and to establish the collec- tive one of industry and production. . * FORCE IN THE CLASS STRUGGLE (Delivered during the Bridgeman Trial, May, 1923) “Based on the lessons of, past history it is the teaching of the Communist Party that when ihe class struggle comes to its final issue, when there has grown up a great movement of workers and farmers to take out of the hands of the capitalists their control of the government and to abolish the capitalist dictatorship—that is, the control and the use of the gov- ernment in the interests of the capitalists—then, when the capite}~ ists sense the majority of the workers and farmers intent upon securing relief from this exploita- tion, the capitalists, in the final struggle, will resort to force to protect their privileged position and j maintain their power to exploit the workers and farmers, and then this struggle will develop into a struggle in which there will be Pethenbery’ s Ashes in M A delegation of the Communist International which met the train in 1927 on which Ruthenberg’s ashes were transported to Moscow, which are now buried in the KrenJin, J. Louis Engdahl is among the group shown above. and the destruction of productive power there will be uprisings of workers who bear the brunt of the sufferings, to endeavor to relieve themsclyes from the misery and sufferings which .the capitalist sys- tem brings upon them, These surugeles will result in revolution- ary struggles, in attempts by the | armed force and civil war... question of force in this class struggle is the autcome of the clash of social forces. From past history the inference is clear that such armed struggle do result from. these class struggles, And the likelihood is that the present, ¢ struggle will have a similar, . The Mary was not discourayed, ‘ t LJ + i }