The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 18, 1932, Page 4

Yorker’ Party U.S.A. Published by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc., daily exexept Sunday, at be B. 13th St., New York City, N. ¥. Telephone ALgonquin 4-7986. Cable “DAIWORK.” Address and mail checks to the Daily Worker, 50 E, 13th St, New Yerk, N. Ye Dail SUBSCRIPTION RATES: One year, $6; six months, $3; two m By mail everywhere: pen Borough of Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. six_months, $4.50. The Election Campaign Is in Danger! The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the A., in the following statement calls attention to the fact that the success of the election campaign is in danger and urges an intensification of the fight to overcome the ob- stacles that have been placed in the way of the campaign by the capitalist politicians. The statement follows: A call to every Party member and té every District Com- mittee, by the Central Committee, Communist Party, U.S.A. Dear Comrades: The Election Campaign is in danger. The capitalist po- liticians have been busy piling up additional difficulties for the Communist Party to get on the ballot. In some states the requirements have been multiplied by ten times. But we cannot waste our time wailing about these attac! our task is to meet and overcome them. The bourgeoisie, how- ever, is more busy making difficulties than we are in find- ing the forces and means of meeting them. The result is a dangerous situation for our election campaign. The Central Committee set as its aim to get the Party on the ballot in 40 states, as compared with 33 states in 1928. But to date the Party has been placed on the ballot finally only in eleven states. Most of these were completed since the sharp warning of the Central Committee issued on July The states on the ballot to date are: New Jersey West Virginia, Michigan, Illinois, Maryland, Tennessee, New Mexico, Arizona, Arkansas, Virginia and Utah. In addition to these states already on the ballot nine additional states will go on the ballot by convention the dates for which have been set and the preparatory work be- ing carried through. These include Alabama, Florida, Geor- gia, Iowa, Montana, South Carolina, Texas, Washington and Wyoming All other states (except California, Oklahoma and Kan- where we have definitely failed to get on the ballot), are now conducting signature campaigns to get on the bal- lot. These campaigns have a certain success but many are still being conducted at a very slow speed, which becomes a great danger. The time limit is expiring. In no case have we succeeded in mobilizing the full energy and enthusiasm of the workers for this first phase of the election struggle. In many cases there is danger that the legal requirements will not be met, remembering that the Communist Party always must go over the require- ments about 50 to 100 per cent to have any assurance of bein& accepted by the election boards. Particularly there is lagging in Districts 1, 10, 12, 13, 16 and 17, in this respect. Other Districts should carefully check up on their position, and the amount of time they have left. Pennsylvania is also in danger. The Central Committee, calling the attention of the Par- ty to this problem, places the duty upon every member, and especially every District Committeeman, to immediately take up this question in the most urgent fashion, and not rest until the necessary measures have been taken to overcome this danger. On to a mass election struggle! a mass Bolshevik Party! On to the building of CENTRAL COMMITTEE, C.P.U.S.A. How the Bosses’ Government Protects Poisoners of Food By LYNN GARY F you are a capitalistcaught poison- ing workers—if you violate the fed- eral pure food and drugs act—you have 93 and a half chances out of a hundred of not being prosecuted. ‘You even have 37 chances out of a hundred of having your rotten eggs, your putrid canned goods or yous sub-standard medicine returned to you to be reconditioned and replaced on the market for sale to workers. ‘These facts are revealed exclusively by the Daily Worker. In his report to President Hoover last year on the failure of proper en- forcement of this vital law, Secretary of Agriculture Hyde blamed the trouble on the claim that the pen- alties provided by the law are not heavy enough. “Educate” Poison Feeders But Hyde didn’t do a good job of fooling workers, for his claim fol- lowed statements made to the capital- ist press by himself and W. G. Camp- bell, director of regulatory work in the department, saying that the pro- per function of the pure food and drug laws was not, to punish, but to educate. In other words, they should not clap into jail a man who feeds workers poison—they should exert “a corrective and guiding influence.” But, even if the law did provide higher penalties, what good would it be if the penalties were not enforced? An analysis of the figures given by Secretary Hyde in his report to the President, amplified and compared with other official reports of the de- partment of agriculture, which is in charge of enforcing these laws, re- veals the following situation: More than six per cent of all sam- ples of food and drugs inspected by the department in one year—1,977 in numbgr—were so rotten that they re-| quired court action. BUT, of 1,150 court cases concern- mg impure food and drugs in that sime, as reported by the department of Agriculture notices of judgment, mly 64 cases were crminal prosecu- | cases reported in the notices of judg- ment show that only 32 were crim- inal prosecution. That is 6.4 per cent. What happened to the vast remain- | der of the court actions? | “U, S. vs. Putrid Fish” Further examination of the 500 specimen cases shows that 486 which | Were not criminal prosecutions were | what is called “libel actions.” Two of the 486 were dismissed by the court. In 295 cases, or 63 per cent the offending merchandise was de- | stroyed. But in 171 cases, 37 per cent, the merchandise was returned to the owners to be reconditioned, reweighed or relabelled, and sold to workers! Imagine Sheffield Worrying Of the 500 cases, most involved | dairy products received fines, which ranged from $25 to $200. Imagine Sheffield Farms worrying about a fine of $200! And in 63 cases out of 107, consumers eat reconditioned butter and eggs. If a capitalist is prosecuted for handling rotten canned goods, he has five out of 78 chances of not being fined, the same cases show—and if he is fined, the penalty will not aver- his rotten goods, But the greatest risk to capitalists who sell impure food or drugs has not yet been revealed. A little closer examination of the specimen cases shows that the most danger is in- curred by those who monkey with animal food! Nine out of 36 cases concerning an- imal food were criminal prosecutions —twenty-five per cent. Fines in these cases were higher, too, than in cases involving human food or drugs. In other words, it is four times as dangerous to adulterate animal food as it is to adulterate human food or drugs! The law doesn't recommend any such discrimination against human beings. And Hyde and Campbell are silent on the subject, tions. Detalied analysis of 500 specimen Here is the beauty of the capitalist system! age more than $119. He also has 40} | chances out of the 78 of getting back DAILY WOltiaisit, NW Yulit, nusciwad, AGucwa acy lvod —“CAN’T SEE A THING!” so ay Paes vent An Eye-Witness View of the Robber War on the Chinese People By M. WORTH URED by tales of high wages paid for civil aviation experts, the writer and a friend went to Nanking, China, last year seeking employment. Work was not found, but circumstances caught us staying in Shanghai during the Japanese | attack. Later we proceeded to | Hankow and then returned to Shanghai, then went through Man- churia, and finally, after months of slow travel, reached the Soviet Union. In Hankow we saw the first fruits of the Kuomintang reign of terror. Placed against the curbing in a row were six headless bodies of men and women. The heads wete placed between the legs. The stench from the bodies was terrible. ‘These had been Communist work- ers caught in their propaganda among their shopmates in some factory. TONGUES | MISSING A peculiar feature of all the bodies was that the tongues were missing. Questioning brought out the meaning of this. Communist workers being led to their death usually took advantages of the oc- casion to shout as they marched, “We are dying for Communism.” The authorities cut out their ton- gues to stop this last minute prop- aganda, Other tortures also precede the execution. Back in Shanghai we spent our time observing the living conditions of the masses. We saw thousands of workers taking the place of dray animals, hauling huge carts with logs, stone, etc. For this they received five cents a day. Rick- shaw coolies earn about five cents a day and many sleep with their rickshaws. A common feature of all the workers is that even in the cold weather months they go around barefooted. 10 OR 122 INA ROOM The workers are forced to live ten and twelve to a room. Girl workers in the textile mills cannot afford to pay carfare, and gorups of them hire a wheelbarrowman to carry them to work and “home” at night. For this they pay him five or six cents to every 10 or so of them per day. One proud owner of a textile mill explained to us that his girl workers could not leave the mill except for two days a month and only with a plea from their pa- rents. The girls work 12-14 hours a day for a few cents and sleep in the factory. They have a basket- ball court for recreation! UNEMPLOYMENT Terrific unemployment is adding to the misery of the bitterly ex- Ploited workers. Official statistics state that 140 children on the ave- Tage are picked up every day dead | from starvation. They are not counted in the “natural deaths.” The dead belong to employed as well as unemployed. The official statistieg are in reality a gross underestimation. police, young Chinese girls are en- slaved as prostitutes in the inter- national settlement, They receive nothing but a bed and food from owners. They are the chil- dren of peasants who have been forced to sell them in order to raise cash to pay the tax demands of the Nanking militarists, FOREIGN POLICE CRUSH STRUGGLES The puppet role of the Nanking government was noticeable on every hand. When the workers called demonstrations, police and soldiers of foreign nations would arrest them and hand them over to the native police. ernmenits erect machine gun nests and barricades to prevent the dem- onstrations of the workers. Mass Under the protection of British, |What An ‘Araetloas Worker Sie What Hap- | pened in Chapei; Some Vital Conclusions arrests are carried out, In January, the Japanese mili- tarists with the consent of the other imperialists began their Shanghai war which was to end with the destruction of the densely poulated proletarian section of Chapei and give us all a taste of the horror of the next war. In the evening of January 28 or 29 we had gone to bed after reading the newspaper extras that the Japan- ese had accepted the Chinese ans- wer to their demands. RAIN OF DEATH . Before daybreak we were awak- ened by a terrific blast that shook our building. It was only a few blocks from the Chapei settlement. We went up on the roof. With Letters from Our Readers SPEAKING OF—SPEAKERS Washington, Pa. To the Daily Worker: The National Miners’ Union and the International Workers’ Relief | asked us comrades of Washington, |Pa., to make arrangements for a mass ‘meeting and the showing of | strike pictures as well as pictures of socialist construction in the Soviet Union. We got busy and mobilized over two thousand workers for‘ this meet- ing. We had a large turn-out, such as we never had in the city of Wash- ington, but the comrades who were to be the speakers at the meeting failed to show up with the pictures. A WORKER. . We do not know whether the speaker or the district is responsible for the failure of the speaker to show up at this meeting which oc- curred the end of July. The prac- tice of speakers from time to time not showing up at meetings is in- tolerable and can under no circum- stances be excused. Speakers who | fail to show up must be held strictly accountable and the utmost disci- plinary measures taken against them and where they are not responsible, the greatest pressure must be brought to see that this practice is termi- nated. At one time it was wide- spread. It is becoming less so only because it has been held up for con- tempt before the Party membership. and action taken, be adopted. jout proper excuse or warning, ed and contempt for the masses, Under no circumstances must meet- STATEMENT OF DISTRICT SEC- RETARIAT, DISTRICT No. 2, OF THE EXPULSION OF SEBASTIAN PAPPAS. The District Secretariat of the Communist Party, District No. 2, New York, has expelled from the Party Sabastian Pappas, a member of Section No. 3, Unit No. 2, as a Trotskyite and disruptive element. Pappas recently issued a letter to the Party, hundreds of copies of which were printed and distributed to Party and non-Party workers: In his letter he not only disagrees with, but attacks, the line of the Party. He accused the Party leadership and the Comintern of following a. false and dangerous course toward fascism and Social-Democracy. He proposes that the Party and the Comintern make @n open demand for United Front with the Social Fascist lead- ers and disagrees with the Party's estimation of the Social-Democratic leaders as social-fascists. Pappas, as Statement of District Two Secretariat On the the Expulsion of S. Pappas from the C. P. daybreak we could perceive more accurately what was taking place. Japanese planes were dropping two types of bombs, incendiary and explosive. Tons of debris rose into the air. We went closer to the lines. A Japanese soldier charged at us with fixed bayonet to stop us from tak- ing pictures. Many persons had their cameras shot out of their hands. We could see hundreds of mangled bodies rising in the air with every bomb. By nightfall the entire section was in flames. The creek across to the international settlement was a living mass of refugees. We watched, surrounded by an iron ring of imperialist sol- diers. After a few days, we entered the lines in the company of two French priests. Only by assuming conver- ings tolerate this conduct. At such meetings resolutions demanding that inquiry be made to fix responsibility Speakers who fail to show up with- or where in the case of illness or other uncontrolled circumstances, make no effort to have another speaker sub- stituted, show an impermissible con- which the Party is determined to overcome.—Editor. Be Ann Arbor, Mich. Daily Worker: Your policy of writting editorials exposing current moves of the capi- talist “magicians” is an excellent one. The article on “manufactured optimism” is a case in point. The article exposing Waters, in the Daily Worker of August 8, is another good example. It seems to me that this exposure of the move of the rulers is very necessary if we are to guide the workers along the gen- eral line of the Party. » As election nears, why not an article concerning the way the big parties get their campaign funds? This would tend to show tha work- ers the strong link between big business and the D2mocratic, Re- publican and Socialist parties. —C.N. * We will publish the source of the campaign funds of the capitalist parties in early issues of the Daily Worker. —Ed’s. Note: e 8 his letter shows, has been harboring his Trotskyist views for some time, but has now come out openly sup- porting Trotsky and slandering the Party. As_a member of the Food Work- ers’ Industrial Union, he has carried on a persistent fight against the pol- icy of the T. U. U. L., and has been @ constant disrupter of all fractions and union meetings. When called in by the District Secretariat to explain his views and his attacks against the Party, he re- fused to respond. The District Secretariat declares that such people supporting Trotsky's views, and attacking the line of the Party and Comintern, cannot ‘be tol- erated in the ranks of the Party and has expelled Pappas as a counter- revolutionary Trotskyite and a gen- eral disruptive element, DISTRICT SECRETARIAT, DISTRICT No. 2. sational relations with the priests did we manage to slip in. The priests walked through the area, Where thousands of bodies, men, women and children. filled the streets. Here and there a dying person moaned. The priests cor- dially greeted the Japanese marines and soldiers as they went along! MASS EXECUTIONS We want to the spot where Com- rade P. Low, well known in the U. S. for his talks in “Hands Off China” meetings, had been living. Comrade Low was a graduate of University of Pennsylvania and Harvard. We found out what had happened to him. He was among the thousands who were executed by the Japanese on the first day wholesale, Sniping was the uni- versal excuse. No record of them was kept. All were shot! Bodies are missing to this day. Fishermen reported that they had seen the Japanese burning thousands of corpses and taking them out to sea to throw overboard. We might mention here the heroic resistance of the 19th Route Army This army supported with replatements by Shanghai workers held the line, as is known by most of you, for days. The Japanese and other imperialists and their Nanking puppets were infuriated. In the ranks of the army, officers shot down Communists as quick as they could discover them. This was in the 19th Route Army! MASS DEFENSE The men fought long after they had been ordered to retreat. The soldiers for the first time in their lives saw a populace supporting them. Traditionally despised by the workers, they were now receiv- ing all possible aid. Foreign writ- ers and militarists talked for months of this feature of the battle. The Japanese infuriated by this stern resistance, took it out on the Chinese masses. They beat women and children and men in the streets. Soldiers prodded re- fugees with bayonets and whole- sale arrests took place, 20,000 CHILDREN’S BODIES Representatives of the Shanghai Municipal Council (British con- trolled international body) gath- ered up the bodies of 20,000 chil- dren. In addition the bodies of at least 3,000 non-combatant adults were found. Three times as many children were killed as were sol- diers of both sides during the en- tire fighting. The Japanese tried in every manner to prevent for- eigners from seeing these sights. Soldiers defending Shanghai, lived on burnt rice husks for days. We are told that adequate food supplies for them were sabotaged by the Kuomintang leaders. Countless other scenes of terror were observed. We saw the actual horror of the next imperialist war. We worked our way through Man- churia, seeing the same terror being reproduced by thousands of Jap- anese troops, though not observing any major battles, Fifty thousand Japanese ’ ps were in Harbin when we ved. Tanks patrolled the streets. White Guardist Russians (and remember they were also in Shanghai) were arresting Soviet citizens and dis- posing of them through terroristic tactics. Masses of peasants and workers arg starving in Manchuria. Millions live in mud huts. Here, too, heroic resistance by workers and peasants is taking place. We crossed the border at Man- chouli and arrived in Chita, USSR. Here were windows in buildings. Factories humming, workers healthy looking and happy. The Hammer and Sickle shieding all. A few mae behind us we had seen the zation of imperialism to destroy this. We must defend and extend this Hammer and Sickle with its sesse[o Msg 4 ‘unopeaty and nationalities, $ Poon Workers, the Courts and “Orphan Jones” What Forced Maryland Boss Court to Retreat In Case of Framed Negro Worker By WM. PATTERSON Not legal defense alone, but mass pressure, into which the legal de- fense is merged, has forced the capitalist. courts of Maryland to grant a new trial to Euel Lee (Orphan Jones). The united voice of tens of thou- sands of plundered, outraged and determined Negro and white work- ers gave warning to the bosses that the lynch decision of the boss court was under review in the forums of the working class—the streets. The bosses paused, they retreated, but they will try to find new méthods. ‘The Euel Lee case is not unusual. Every day Negro workers are framed up on rape charges. The prison agents of the bosses hold for lynch- ing by mobs or “protect” them only for a legal lynching. The bosses provoke and incite the mob lynch- ing outbursts against defenseless Negro workers. OVER 5,000 LYNCHED The Euel Lee case is part and parcel of the sharpening attempt to smash the growing solidarity of the working class. More than 5,000 have been legally or “illegally” lynched by the bosses. But a turn is taking place. White workers are beginning to see in the defense of the rights of the Negro workers a defense of their own working masses. They are begin- ning to realize that a blow to one section of the working class weak- ens the class as a whole. Their participation in the struggles of the Negro masses breaks down the dis- gust of the Negro workers for all whites, and forms the basis for in- ternational working class solidarity. CONFIRMED BY I. L. D. A program of mass defense insti- tuted and led by the International Labor Defense is now making this historic fact more clear, Legal de- fense has won no victories for Negro rights or for the working class gen- erally in America. Legal defense linked up with mass pressure has won many Victories (three stays of execution in Scottsboro, the release of four of the Imperial Valley pris- oners, etc.). Election, War, The decision of the Maryland Court of Appeals in the Lee case would have meant as little for the Negro masses as this court’s many earlier paper decisions, if it wert not for the fact that this was a vic. tory of mass pressure. A ruling class court decision in a worker's case has no value in itself, N. A, A. C. P. “VICTORIES” The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (N. A. A. C. P.) has “won” several “victories” in the bosses courts (the Louisville segregation case, the Texas Democratic Primary Law, etc.). These “victories” create and strengthen the illusion of successe ful struggle in the courts alone, The desperate positions of the Negro masses today in the face of these “glorious victories” of the N. A. A. C. P. is proof of their emptiness. The breaking of prom- ises granted through pleading, tears and groveling presents no problem to the ruling class. By force the ruling class of America has reduced the Negro ' masses to slavery. They seek to cover this by the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments to the Federal constitution. These amendments have long been repealed in action, REAL ROAD NOW CLEAR The lies of the leadership of the N. A. A. C. P. concerning its “vic- tories” have blinded the eyes of the Negro masses to the real road to victories. The International Labor Defense is opening up the eyes of those who were blind and knew it not. The victories of the I. L. D. in the Lee case are an inspiration ané a guide. Victories can still be won in thebosses’ courts, but only after the workers in the streets have spoken. Let there be no illusions, this victory can only be completed through the application of more mass pressure, more and greater demonstrations of protest, a greater struggle around the demands of the Negro masses for equal rights, strengthening of international working-class solidarity, a building . of the I. L. D. into a mass organi- zation of defense, Unemployed Work in August ‘Communist’ “The Election and the Fight for Bread,” is the keynote of the Aug- ust issue of “The Communist,” -Which contains a number of valu- able and highly instructive articles. In the leading editorial on the elc- tion struggle, inventory is taken of the campaign to date. The greatest weakness in the campaign thus far, it is pointed out, has been the failure to reach out among new groups of workers hitherto untouched, to bring them into the’ struggle on the basis of a united front for their immediate. needs, local demands and issues. ‘The article points out the burn- ing necessity of sharpening our po- litical struggle against the social- fascist misleaders and demagogues of all stripes. “But te sharpen po- litically does not mean to use more name-calling, vituperation and shouting.” Article By Lenin ‘That much of the failure to take advantage of the highly favorable obfective situation is due to rem- nants of anti-parliamentarism, . there is no doubt. If it is for that feason that the publication, in the present issue of ‘The Communist,” of Lenin’s masterly article, “Should Communist Participate in Bourgeois Parliaments” is reprinted from the famous pamphlet, “Left Commun- ism—An Infantile Disorder.” An article which should have found its way into the columns of “The Communist” months and per- haps years ago is “The Fight Against Sectarianism In the Na- | tional Miners Union.” It is a scorch- ing examination of some of the bureaucratic methods prevalent in the N. M. U., which have paralyzed this revolutionary miners’ union and prevented it from successfully lead- ing tremendous ‘mass struggles. Comrade Johnson gives, as the basic factor in the situation, the isolation of the union from the masses of the miners, which re- sulted from four chief causes: (1) the inner orientation of the union; \ lack of concreteness in the work. | Situation Improved. 4 ‘That the situation in the National Miners’ Union has improved re- cently is seen from the activity of the Rank and File Opposition groups, for whose impetus the N. M. U. is largely responsible. These groups are now waging a fight against the attempts of the coal operators and its Lewis machine to put over $1.10 a day wage-cut in Minois. “Some Problems of Agit-Prop Work and Our Election Campaign” is the subject of an article by Sam Don, who cites a number of short- comings in the agitational work in various districts. “What strikes one first of all in reading thru our leaflets coming from all parts of the country,” says the writer, “is their ‘conformity’ and ‘similarity.’ They all might have been issued in the national office for national distribution,” Unemployed Work Organization of the unemployed on a much broader basis than heretofore, involving electeq rather than “organized” block committees, etc., and struggle for immediate relief while bringing forward and thus popularizing the slogan of “unemployment insurance at the expense of the government and the bosses,” is the keynote sugges- tion of proposal of the article “Unemployment Work—Our Weak Point.” A. Allen, the writed points out that terror and demagogy are now being used simultaneously by the bourgeoisie in its effect to smash the growing resistance of the workers and especially the fight of the unemployed for ime mediate relief and for unemploy- ment insurance, Other significant articles include “Rapid Upsurge of the Revolution- ary People’s War in Manchuria”; “The American Social Fascists,” by M. H. Childs; “Training of New Cadres: and Our School System”; (2) bureaucratic methods of work; (3) top-heavy apparatus; and (4) and “American Imperialism’s Growing Bureaucracy.” ee —_——— Important Pamphlets on Soviet Union Week by week new pamphlets ar- rive from the Soviet Union, describ- ing how the workers there work and live and put their efforts into build- ing a new life. _ The pamphlets available up to the present are: Kolkhozniki (Letters from peasants on collective farms) Science, Technology and Economics vunder Capitalism and in the So- ‘viet Union, by M. Rubinstein The Heroes of. Grozny, by T. Gonta Where the Workers Are in Power, by D. Zaslavsky The Soviet Patent Law _ : How the Workers Become Engineers In the U.S.S.R., by V. Drushinin The Basis of the Technological Eco- ‘nomic. Plan of . Reconstruction of the U.S.S.R., by G. M, Krizhanoy- sky Socialist’ Reconstruction and the ‘Struggle for ‘Technique, by N. Bu- ‘The Fight for Steel, by N. Mikhailov Bolshevik Smugglers, by S. Shaum- van | Forward to the Second Five Year Belt, Plan of Socialist Construction— Resolution of the XVII Party Com ference - The Second Five-Year Plan, by VW, Molotov The Natural Wealth of the Sovier Union and Its Exploitation, by L M. Gubkin All of the above pamphlets sell for 10 cents except the last two which sell for 20 cents. All workers should make every ef-(\~ fort to get these pamphlets in. the! hands of their friends and mates, Mobilize the workers in 4 fense of the Soviet Union! One of the best ways is to acquaint the workers with what is going on in the Soviet Union. All th2se pamphlets are available at Workers’ Bookshop, 53 East 13th St., New York. VOTE COMMUNIST FOR Equa! rights for the Negroes and self-determination in the Blacks, * | | || y —,