The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 15, 1932, Page 4

se alpine EEE IE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, AUGUST 15, 1932 Daily, Worker Contrel Porty U.S.A Published by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc., dally exexept Sunday, at 50 E. 13th St., New York City, N. ¥. Telephone ALgonquin 4-7956, Cable “DATWORK.” Address and mail checks te the Daily Worker, 50 E. 13th St., New York, N. ¥. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: By mall everywhere: One year, $6; six months, §: Boreugh of Manhattan and Bronx, New York six months. $4.50. two months, $1; excepting Foreign: one year, $8; ty. “Free Speech” in America HAT rights have the workers in the United States to speak their minds on the issues of the day? The arrest of William Z. Foster, Communist Party candidate for President of the United States, in Scran- ton, Pa., Friday night, for the crime of speaking without permission of the local police, tells the story. The workers have just so much rights as may be granted by the police—or which they organize sufficient power to take, This is the third arrest of Foster in the course of his national speak- ing tour since his nomination in the great Chicago Convention of May 28-29. In Los Angeles his meeting was broken up, Foster was personally ulted by the notorious “Red Squad,” arrested and booked in the police station, and then turned loose on the streets at 2 o'clock in the morning. In Lawrence, Mass., Foster's meeting was first prevented by the police, who terrorized all hall owners into refusing to rent their halls, and then, when Foster appeared on the Public Square to speak, broke up the gathering of workers, arrested Foster and assessed a fine against him for “obstructing tra: The Los Angeles case was in the domain of the corrupt Rolph, the jailer of Tom Mooney. Lawrence is in the state that murdered Sacco and Vanzetti and today is again slashing the woges of the textile work- ers. Scranton is an expression of the regime of Pinchot, the “progres- sive,” whose state cossacks killed striking coal miners and crushed the great strike of 1931, as they have crushed strikes for years, and who at this moment is preparing a 20 per cent wage-cut for the anthracite miners. These three striking instances, denying the nght of the Worker Can- didate for President the right to speak {@ the masses, are not, however, to be ascribed only to local conditions or local policy. The signal for a national policy of denying the Communist Party all civil rights in this campaign was given by Herbert Hoover, President of the United States. ‘That was the meaning of Hoover's statement, when, to justify the use of the Army against the Bonus Army in Washington, he accused it of being composed of “Communists and criminals.” That statement was the real keynote of Hoover's campaign for the Presidency. “Against Communists and criminals” is the Hoover slogan, expressing his domestic as well as foreign policy. It is the American version of the slogan of the Kuomintang in China, which sold the country to the imperialists under the banner of war against the “Com- munist bandits.” It is the slogan of bourgeois reaction everywhere in the world. It is the slogan of wage-cuts, starvation for the unemployed, denial of all rights to the workers and oppressed masses, new oppression for the colonial peoples. It is the slogan of preparation for war, for war among the imperialists, and above all for war against the Workers’ Republic of the Soviet Union and its successful socialist construction. The arrest of Foster must be understood as a part of the attack upon the whole working class. Its purpose is to keep the unemployed silent while they are being cut off the relief lists and left to starvation. It is to keep the employed workers at their jobs while their wages are being slashed again and again, while their machines are being speeded up. It is to prevent the organization of the bankrupt poor farmers, who are being driven off their farms. It is to smash down the rising tide of united struggle of white and Negro masses against jim-crowism, against lynehing, and for equal rights for Negroes and self-determination for the Black Belt. It is to prevent the growth of the mass movement of struggle against imperialist war and for the defense of the Soviet Union. As a necessary part of the mass struggle for the right to live, the masses of the United States must rouse in nation-wide protest against the arrests of William Z. Foster. The struggle for workers’ rights of free-speech, free assemblage, free press, the right to organize, demon- straté and strike, must be a basic part of th fight for daily bread, the fight against starvation. The Communist Party is the vanguard of the struggle of the masses for life. Foster is the standard-bearer of this struggle. Rouse a mighty protest against the suppression of Foster’s meetings! America’s ‘Bezprizornie’ 'EN years ago the bourgeois press was giving much attention to the homeless children in Soviet Russia, the “bezprizornie.” The miser- able scribblers of capitalism slanderously blamed the existence of these waifs upon the proletarian revolution. But the creation of these armies | of homeless children was the work of eight years of imperialist war, counter-revolution and allied intervention, which had inflicted the deep- est social and ecamomic catastrophe upon an economically backward country. Within a few years after liquidating the counter-revolution and allied intervention, the Workers’ Republic successfully liquidated the problem of homeless children. The “bezprizornie” were reclaimed and transformed intd good citizens of the Workers’ State even before Russia entered the period of Socialist reconstruction of its economy under the Five-Year Plan. But the Unite States, the richest country in the world, the country of the highest technical development, with all its resources unimpaired, without having suffered a devastating war, without civil war or revolu- tion—the United States, under the influence solely of the inevitable operation of the capitalist system, even without war or revolution, has in the course of three years of its economic crisis already duplicated the “bezprizornie” armies of the Russia of war-catastrophe. This is now officially admitted by the United States government, after it was pointed out by the Communist Party many months ago. The report says: “Conservative and reliable authorities estimate that between 200,000 and 300,000 boys between the ages of 12 and 20 are ‘on the road,’ cut loose from their home surroundings and unable to adjust themselves into any normal picture. And the total is constantly increasing. The conditions of these homeless waifs beggars description. The official report describes them as “dirty, unkempt, a host to vermin.” “They may go for days with nothing to eat but coffee, bread and beans. In winter they suffer from exposure. Last winter, in one Western city, 35 young men and boys were removed from box-cars, seriously ill, some of them in an advanced stage of pneumonia.” Some idea of how “conservative” is the estimate given of the total of this army may be gathered from the same report. Kansas City re- Ports that in May there rode through that city on the freight trains no Jess than 1,500 each day. In Yuma, Arizona, alone, 30,000 were fed in the soup kitchens in four and one-half months. The report admits that, instead of being helped, these waifs are systematically hounded by the police, “Cities are now providing little help in this line to non-residents. Medical care for those sick as a result of hardship or exposure is Practically not to be had... .In most cases a simple form of registra- tion is all that is undertaken... Freight yards are policed. Hence trains must be boarded outside the yard limits while trains are in motion. One railroad alone reported more than fifty young men and boys killed and more than 100 crippled in this way last winter.” ‘These are the conditions of the boys. There are just as many girls, completely cut off from the means of life. Their conditions are even more hideous. Thousands of them are also “on the road,” although they are not mentioned in the government report, There has been an enorm- ous recruitment of young girls from 12 to 20 into the “oldest profession.” ‘Only the Communist Party points the road to the solution of this problem. Only the organization of the suffering masses into unemployed councils, into fighting trade unions, and a united mass struggle for relief and social insurance, can win some immediate alleviation. Only the de- velopment of this mass struggle for bread onto a higher stage, the estab- Ushment of a Workers’ Government which will seize and distribute the necessities of life, can radically attack this problem. A vote for the workers’ candidates, Foster and Ford, and for the Communist Piatform, can help make the national elections on November 8 really 2 part By BURCEK “We are not grey, bored people attired in a standard uniform. Every one of us has his indivi- duality which expresses itself in our Bolshevist character, and is tuned to socialist construction.” ‘Thus spoke Kosarev, secretary of the Young Communist League of the Soviet Union at the present Seventh All-Union Conference of the League in Moscow in stressing the cultural achivements of the workers and farmers of the U. S. Ss. R. Kosarev declared: “We are now on the threshold of the Second Five-Year Plan. We have tremendous advances in heavy industry and socialist agriculture; we raised the material and cul- tural level of our workers and peasants and are continuing our Socialist offensive on all fronts. “Our task consists of preparing cadres (specially trained groups) for the socialist offensive on all fronts. The slogan of our work must be: To live culturally and work productively. A struggle for normal work without any vacilla- tion, without ‘partisanship’ is the wrong connotation of the word— this is basically what we must at- tain in our shock-brigading and socialist competition. This must be the guide in our work. The crea- tion of a comradely environment, of ideo-poltic.al education our youth, Pioneers and these are the chief problem which con- must be discussed at our ference.” After pointing out in d progress made in raising the ma- terial well-being of the work class, and with it that of the working youth, Kosarev touched upon the problems of cultural con- struction. 23 MILLION SCHOOL CHILDREN “In 1928,” he stated, “there were 12,000,000 children studying in the | elementary schools, while in 1932 the number increased to 23.7 mil- lion. Moreover, while in 1926 we had 45 per cent illiteracy all over the Soviet Union, we have in 1932 no more than 10-15 per cent illiter- acy. The number of workers ac- quiring a college education is in- creasing greatly. By the end of 1932 we will have 200,000 graduate engineers and agronomists as com- pared with 100,000 in 1928, LIQUIDATING ILLITERACY “We will soon have no illiteracy at all—such is the accomplishment of the fifteen years of revolution. Secretary of Young Communist League of U.S. S.R. Tells of Cultural Achievements American Capitalist Press In Cheap Attempt to “Jazz Up” Significant Speech The number of students studying in our secondary schools and col- leges exceeds that of the leading capitalist countries. In this respect, the Soviet Union has not only overtaken the western countries but now holds first place in the world. We also hold first place in political education of the toiling masses. “we have made unusual progress in the publication of books. In 1931 we issued 50,000 titles, whereas FACTORY STUDENTS “At the beginning of the Pyati- letka (Five Year Plan) there weré only 190,000 young workers study- ing in the factory schools, at the present time there are over 1,110,- 000, and by the end of the current year the number is expected to reach 1,500,000. Thus our entire SCHOOL Britain, Germany and America | urban youth is practically studying eo ane issued that year only | at these factory schools. Strenous efforts are being made to attract the rural youth. COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITIES “In the colleges and in the uni- versities there are now over half @ million of students, the vast majority of them youths. The technical schools have an enroll- ment of over 800,000. Here again The Boss Press Report of the ¥. CL. Speech MOSCOW, Aug. 8 (U. P.).— Soviet Russia has broken the shackles that have forbidden such things as kisses, neckties, gay music, dancing and phono-|| the vast majority are working graphs, and is eady now to have.| | youths, a bit of fun along with her work. Considerable progress has been Agitation against the Govern- made in attracting the younger |ment’s “prohibition” of the generation into industrial produc- |lighter things in life has been led a | tion. Of the total number of by the youth of the land for some || 19,717,000 wage earners, including months, but not until now have|| workers of machine and tractor |the Soviet officials granted the] | stations, 6,936,000 or 322 per cent jrequest. ,, | | af@ under 23 years of age. Among Chief agitators for “more fun” || industrial workers the percentage was Aleander Kosariov, whO}| of youth under 23 years of age is shocked folowers by appearing approximately 44.3 per cent. in a “bourgeois” collar and necktie. His appeal for “a little | |NO UNEMPOYMENT romance in our lives,” was “We have no unemployment while the number of jobless in the cap- italist countries is continually in- creasing. In the United States there are over 4,000,000 young workers unemployed who receive no aid from the government, in Germany — 1,500,000. Since 1929 unemployment in capitalist coun- tries has increased fourfold. The capitalist drive to lower the ma- terial level of the working class .atrikes hardest upon the toiling youth. “In our country the youth is not only producing, but ‘also managing production, taking part in the gov- ernment, in scientific work, and at the cultural front. “Based on the new economic re- Jations, we are forming a new morality, new ethics, new relations between people and society, echoed by thousands, until. the Government lifted its restrict- tions. This is how the capitalist press vulgarized and distorted the sig- nificant speech by Comrade Kos- ariov printed on this page. The above item, cabled to the United Press by its Moscow correspondent, is reprinted from ihe New Work | Sun of August 8th. “Not a single country in the world manifests such colossal striv- ing for culture, knowledge, science and art, as the Soviet Union. There is not another government in the world which encourages these striv- ings and expends huge such sums of money for the culturau up- bringing of the masses, as does our proletarian government! War has become inhuman! Cat~ apuits should only be allowed to hurl hollow bricks of the struggle for bread and life, the struggle against a bankrupt capt- ; “We Are Not Grey, Bored People” “In bourgeois society every one lives for himself. The experience acquired during the fifteen years of Soviet power showed that an indigvidual attains fullnes of per- sonality only when well-being is attained by millions collectively, under the leadership of the Party. Tens of millions of people who were subjected to suffering and priva- tions in the past live now more culturally and happily. LACK OF KNOWLEDGE “People having a superfical knowledge of Socialism fallaciously maintain that we collectivists are opposed to individual well-being. They believe we are opposed to three or four comfortable rooms, nicely furnished, that we are op- posed to flowers, music, cleanlinéss, nice apparel, They believe that we are stifling individuality; they im- agine that socialism is a grey armory where everybody dresses and lives in. standard fashion. Such a conception of socialism emanates from the petty bourgeois intelligentsia which is a relatively privileged class and is therefore incapable of conceiving a life more colorful and more interesting. GREAT POSSIBILITIES “Our Soviet reality offers great possibilities for creative effort and unfoldment of millions of workers. Yes, we are stifling individual en- deavor if it is aimed toward ex- ploitation. However, if its goal is sound our life offers the greatest opportunity for its development. We are conducting a struggle against individualism, but at the same time offer full oppartunity for the flourishing of individuality, “We are not grey, bored people attired in standard uniform. Every- one of us has his individuality which expresses itself in our Bol- shevist character and is tuned to Socialist construction, ONE FOR ALL “It is primarily because we sub- ject our individuality to the in- terest of the class that we enrich ourselves spiritually and in ideals. It is because of this that we are progressive people, foreign to bour- geois savagery. It is because of this, we are people worthy of our epoch, ‘For this reason we are not op- posed to music, we are not opposed to love, we are not opposed to flowers or beautiful wearing apparel. We are not ascetics and do not preach asceticism. We are for a full, rich, beautiful life.” THE “PROBLEM OF DISARMAMENT” Is it mot your opinion, gentle knight, that we ought to decrease the power of the long-range cross- bow?, THROUGH THE AGES... RED PODOLSK The Former Singer Sewing Machine Plant Near Moscow By MYRA PAGE Our Correspondent in the Soviet Union, PART IX. (Yesterday's installment told of the rapidity with which the Soviet workers, most of them recent recruits from the farms, are mastering the technique of hand- ling complex macinery, Today's installment shows that the work- ers themselves are alreddy invent- ing hundreds of new appliacnces that make the machines ever- more efficient.) ier es WORKERS DO THEIR OWN COST ACCOUNTING “This is only one of the cialist forms of labor we've deve- loped.” Feodor states, “Also workers are forming their cost accounting brigades.” We talk with the girl leader of one accounting brigade in the repair department. She ex- plains how their brigade drew up its collective contract with the management, and how they keep close check on every item in the cost of production. Their aim is to carry out the same programme of work with less ore, to economize the precious machine oil, and so on. In the six months following June, 1931, when the plant had only 9 cost accounting brigades, the number has grown to 588. “It's becoming as popular as our shock brigade work,” she says In these ways, many valuable suggestions for improving methods of production come about. In 1930, the plant's workers made 2,062 sug- gestions, of which 440 were applied during that year, giving an economy of 679,410 rubles, while another 483 were applied during the early part of 1931. In the first half of last year, 2,428 suggestions were given, more than double that of the same period for the preceding year. Every worker, whose invention or suggestion is found practical, re- ceives a reward, from the adminis- tration, in the form of cash, and free trips to Leningrad. Dneipro- stroy or Magnitogorsk. Above all, he is rewarded by the social esteem of his fellows, and the knowledge that he has contributed to his factory's advancement. WORKER INVENTORS In 1931 there were three really big inventions made by Podolsk workers. Theré is Grebof a non- Party worker, production manager in department 31, where industrial sewing machines are made. He has worked out a type of machine which gives far more revolutions per minute than the older one. He received a first bonus of 2,000 dor explains 36 technical and other study circles have been organized, atended by 2,569 of the plant's workers. In the factory schol, and evening Workers’ University an- other 1,400 are studying, which makes a total of some 40 per cent of the entire working force taking course, Feodor sums up, “Ahe we Soviet workers mastering technique? This old-time moulder, now in charge of the foundry school for apprentices, grins broadly. “Are we? And howl" - some (The change in the working con- ditions of the Podolsk factory from the Czarist days when the plant was owned by an American capitalist to the present, when the plant is owned -by the workers themselves, has been told in the previous articles. This, the last installment in the series, will show the home life of a worker in the Podolsk plant at the present time, 6) eine © IN the workers’ town, near our Youth Commune, live the Bet- kins. We first became acquainted with them through Victor, the old- est boy, On a search for his pals, he happened into Podolsk factory's Youth headquarters while we were there. A student at the Karl Liebk- necht University in Moscow, where he had been sent by the plant to train, as an engineer, he had come to spend his free day at home, among his former shop-mates. ‘That evening, several from our place go over to drink tea from the Betkins’ steaming samovar. Many a snowy night since, we've drunk tea around this polished, battered veteran, For who could help liking the Betkins? From Olga, the mother, to 11-year old Ketya, who shows each newcomer his wooden hammer, made at schoo] and dec~ orated with red, slightly lop-sided stars. In bringing you for a visit with them, it is worth knowing that life in this household and that of its members 1s generally typical of the new Soviet family—a subject about which many foolish, untrue things have been written abroad, especially by the American press. ‘The ‘amily is by no means “abol- ished” in the U. S. S. R. On the contrary, it is recognized as being an important unit in the building of a socialist society. At the same time, family life, which has under- gone many changes in the past, is continuing to change, dropping off out-of-date aspects, adding new features. One thing is beng delibe erately abolished-—the unequal po= sitio of woman, while the oncom- ing generations, in rights and status, have at last come into their The Betkin family having their evening meal. rubles, and was freed from other work, in order to perfect this machine. He is now carrying on his work in a Moscow laboratory, while the machine is being tested out in the Second Sewing Ma- chine Factory, there. For training of its workers, Feo- own. The modern Soviet family, as you will see, is transforming itself into something more useful, more free, and, on the whole, far happier than that which existed up to this time in either Europe or America. (To Be Continued) Unemployment and Social In- ‘surance at the expense of the state and employers. Emergency Relief for the poor farmers without restrictions by the governmext and banks; exemption of poor farmers from taxes, and ho forced collection or rents oF debts. N a u\