The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 3, 1932, Page 4

PAGE FOU! See Daily, Worker y Publishing Co., Inc., daily excxept Sunday, at 50 E. Telephone ALgonquin 4-7956. Cable “DAIWURK.” he Daily Worker, 50 E. 18th St,, New York, N. ¥. SUBSCRIPTION RATE One year, $6; six months, $: Borough ef Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. six months. $4.50 two months, $1; excepting Foreign: one year, $8; By _mail everywhere: Britain’s Conference at Ottawa HE first period of the Empire Economic Conference at Ottawa, Canada, shows clearly that it is an attack upon the toiling masses of the whole empire. The representatives of the various dominion and colonial gov- ernments, in the midst of their increasing rivalries that indicate further disintegrating tendencies weakening the empire, are unanimous on one policy—that of trying to find a capitalist way out of the crisis through fiercer attacks. upon, the toiling masses af home and in the colonies and preparing for imperialist. war. The British imperialists have been advocating “empire free trade,” a united economic empire, high protective tariffs against countries outside the empire. They try to make it appear to the toiling masses that the firmer economic unity of the British empire is the only way out of the Already the protective tariffs have had the effect of raising the cost of living of the workers of England. For years the high tariff in Australia has been used to beat down the standards of life of the work- @xs and farmers there. British imperialists are also striving to secure and increase their markets for industrial products by stifling the development of industry in the Dominions. This meets with the most determined opposition on the part of the Dominion capitalists who have been developing and strive to continue to develop their industry behind a high tariff wall which is directed against Britain as well as against other countries outside the empire Australia and South Africa demand that Britain stop buying Argen- tine meat and give them all orders. To refuse these demands of the do- minions will drive.them more definitely toward the Unitd States impriel- ists who already have heavy investments in the Dominions. At the same time if Britain yields to such demands it will weaken iis relations with | the Argentine republic and again play into the hands of Wall Street.” In” the dominions, particularly Canada and Australia, there exists an in- @ependent capitalist class pursuing imperialist policies of their own, who Maneouver between Britain and America for their own benefits. Empire e conomic unity, empire free trade and all the other rallying slogans are unrealizable for any part of the British empire. Hence the Ottawa conference faces inevitable failure as far as its announced purpose is concerned. However, it is certain that behind the scenes plans will be arrived at for a more intense drive against the working class and against its parties, the Communist Parties of the var- fous parts of the empire. . Already the Canadian bourgeoisie has outlawed the Communist Party, British imperialism and its agents in India have prohibited the Communist Pgrty, the Australian bourgeoisie is trying to emulate the Canadian capitalist class From the utterances of Stanley Bruce. former tory premier of Aus- tralia, demanding unity of action against the “economic policies of the | Soviet Union,” and the support given Bruce’s proposals by the Canadian, New Zealand and South African delegations, it is clear that Ottawa is | utilizedto push foward thé imperialist war that has already begun in the | Far East. It is this that is the central question of today. As all its proposed solutions, one after another fail, the imperialist bandits of the | world are drivin gmore decisively toward imperialist war as the one re- | maining solution. ‘The measures of preferential tariffs and other economic weapons | that will be used by the British imperialists to restrict the import of goods into the countries within the Empire, is bound to sharpen the an- tagonisms of the imperialist countries and especially between Great Brit- ain and the United States. Should Great Britain succeed, Wall Street imperialism is bound to adopt retalictive measures, all of which will be | in the direction of imperialist war. | | | The future road of Britain will be determined by the British prole- tariat, the hundred million masses of India, the falleheen of Egypt, the masses of the Sudan, of Africa, the proletariat of Australia, Canada, New | “Zealand. It is the toiling mi s of what constitutes the Empire that will | finally decide the future road—by the revolutionary overthrow of the | capitalist r and the establishment of “the rule of the toiling masses, | with complete independence for all who now suffer under the plight of | e Canadian Communist Party in response to the menace of this economic conference and to expose it, has cailed a workers’ economic conference. This conference which is being arranged under conditions of great terror and which will call forth from the Canadian bourgeoisie further violence, should receive the support of the American workers. Such solidarity and support between the Canadian and American workers will make more difficult the war drives of the imperialists and will en- hance the mutual struggle against the capitalist offensive. Old Lies for Old Plots Again, and for the thousandth and one time, the capitalist press is printing tales about Soviet citizens being shot by Soviet border guards while “fleeing” into the neighboring White Guard and fascist countries Sometimes the story comes from the Riga lie factories; other times from Warsaw; frequently from the white guard czarist nests in Paris; the most recent is from Bucharest, Roumania, and is sent out by the Chicago Tribune Press Service. ‘This eminently truthful paper that for years had as its Chicago star reporter the racketeer, and police pay-off man for gangsters, Jake Lingle, can always be relied upon—to invent and peddle lies and forgeries whole- sale, against the militant workers at home and against the Soviet Union. It would seem that the old yarn about border atrocities would be- come too stale to print every time the capitalist press runs out of new inventions to aid .in..the..war preparations against the Soviet Union. Especially when anyone able to, think knows that no one would be foolish enough to leave prosperity and security of life in the Soviet Union to enter the decaying capitalist world. But for the organ of the Harvester trust no lie against the Soviet Union is too old to repeat. E Lester from Our Readers JAILED FOR LEAVING CHURCH | Worker. I am sending it without us- N. Y. Penitentiary |ing a money order but hope you get 600 East 55th St. |it as quick as possible, Dear Editor: After 10 years as a clergyman, ! ator an tite ' Free Thopght lay an Praia. ‘The police A LESSON IN “SOCIALISM” (By an Irish Worker.) the mission. Later I was ar- 1d and acquitted. On March 18, NEW YORK.—I- went up at the | A. F. of L, cloak union meeting at 1 I was arrested again and sen- iced to two years by Judge Direnzo 15th Street and Irving Place, where \ personal friend of one of the wit- | they were supposed to b: discussing ‘eases. |a strike. I went upstairs and tried to sell the Morning Freiheit. The next thing I knew I was thrown out the back door into an auto by two Dubinsky gangsters. I said: I was selling the Morning Frei- heit, They asked how does an Irish- man come to be selling a Jewish pa- per. Then they let me go. A Worker. RAYMOND J. NORMAN, GIVES CARFARE TO DAILY Chicago, Ill. bear Comrades: “The enclosed dollar was given me or carfere but I cannot waste any lima in sending it to the Daily | cially now, | task: | er, Orphan Jones (Euel Lee), whi By EARL BROWDER,. PART I. MONG the various organizations which the workers find neces- sary to solve t"e daily problems of the class struggle, an ever more im- portant place is occupied by the | International Labor Defense. Espe- when victims of the struggle are multiplying, the ILD must receive greater attention than ever before. Without a well-organ- ized and solid ILD the difficulties of the workers will be much great- | er. A major task today is to build the ILD and make it stronger and better able to carry out its work. Recent Historic Victories of the IL. D. We have tended to overlook, un- der pressure of big events and daily the tremendous historic sig- nificance of some recent victories won by the ILD. ‘Take the case of the Negro work- 2 was handled entirely by the ILD. A friendless Negro worker was charged with murder. Threatened by lynching, abandoned by all the “respectable” Negro organizations, crushed by & brutal “third degree” which extorted .a “confession” of guilt—it seemed that Orphan Jones was doomed to become simply an- other item in the long list of Negro oppression and martyrdom. But the International Labor De- fense, associated with the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, took up the fight. By its intervention it prevented the lynching. When the case came before the courts, the usual “legal lynching’ was pre- pared, and verdict of guilty was quickly pronounced. But already the case had been taken out of its obscurity. The whole country was aware of it; the masses were being aroused. And the ILD, by its clear political line and mass struggle, had transformed the case from a ‘arci- cal “trial” of Orphan Jones, into a trial of the system of Jim-Crow “lynch justice” under which the Negro people have suffered ever since “emancipation.” Upon. the basis of an aroused mass move- ment, the conviction of Orphan Jones was appealed to the higher courts. The case became a part of the whole struggle for Negro rights, alongside the Scottsboro case which has stirred the entire world. Espe- cially did the ILD in this case at- tack the exclusion of all Negroes from juries in the law courts which condemn Negroes to death, a sys- tem universal in the South and general even in the North, The higher court was forced, by the pressure of aroused mass opinion @nd protest, to set aside the ver- @ict and order a new trial, on the grounds set forth by the ILD that systematic exclusion of Negroes from jury service made impossible 8 fair trial. ‘This victory has been hailed by even the bourgeois Negro press as the most important single event in the struggle for Negro liberation since the days of “émancipation” from chattel slavery. It was won by the ILD and its associated or- ganizations, in the face of most active and bitter opposition and denunciation by all the liberal and “socialist” organizations, Negro and white, which pretend to be “friends and protectors” of the Negro people, { | | ?: WORKER, NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 3, 1932 ~ | GOVERNTMENT BY EVICTION. By BURCEK A ajor Task Today Is to Build International Labor Defense While the ruling class in Maryland are determined to hang Orphan Jones, and may yet succeed in spite of this decision of the masses are n rther aroused (on this point there must be no illusions), yet even this victory has the most pro- found revolutionary implications. It was a tremendous achievement for the ILD and LSNR. The World-Wide Campaign on the Scottsboro ie. struggle to save tice” This , achievement was possible only because we had such an or- ganization as the International La- for Defense, to conduct the fight and mobilize the’ masses for strug- gle. The Fight for the Liberation of Tom Mooney Tom Mooney has been 16 years in prison, victim of a frame-up by the capitalist class and its agents, because he was a fearless fighter for the workers. The ILD since its ‘Some Recent Victories and Unsolved Problems of the I.L.D. the ILD demonstrated that it is an indispensable organization, that without it the needs of the class struggle of the workers could’ not be fulfilled. The Imperial Valley Case. One of the most important de- fense struggles of recent years, the case of seven workers of Imperial Valley, California, was conducted by the ILD. These workers, Sklar, Horiuchi, Roxas, Erickson, Orosco, Emery and Herrera, were arrested while holding an agricultural work- convention to form a union to er: fight against the slave conditions | on the Imperial Valley ranches. ‘This act was held to constitute the of the nine Negro boys in the Scottsboro case’ and to make. this the instrument of the mass struggle for Negro rights everywhere, was another great achievement of the ILD. In this case we had arrayed against usa most formidable united front, which fought with tha most desperate means. The fight had to be carried on not only. against the white landlords and lynch law rulers of Alabama, and the forces of government all over the country. In addition there was mobilized against us all the “respectable” or- ganizations of the bourgeoisie and petty-bourgeoisie, the churches, the National Association for Advance- ment of Colored People (NAACP), the Socialist Party, the Civil Lib- erties Union, the Lovestoneites and Cannonites, the American Federa- tion of Labor. With one voice they all denounced the ILD and the Communist Party, claiming that the mass movement was endanger- ing the lives of the Scottsboro boys which could be saved only by hush- ing up the case and appealing to the better sentiment” and “human- itarian feelings” of the Southern white ruling class, By our mass struggle, by rous- ing hundreds of thousands to pro- test everywhere, we smashed thru this united front of lynchers and their reformist lieutenants; we pre- vented the execution originally set for July 8, 1932, and again there- after; and we finally forced the case into the Supreme Court of the U, S. where it is now set for review on October 10, 1932. We carried this case throughout the world, ang not only through- out the United States. The Scotts- boro case has taken its place thru- out Europe as one of the most important, most famous, of the whole history of celebrated cases in the world struggle against op- pression, against bourgeois “jus- origin has always actively support- ed every step in the struggle to win Mooney’s freedom. For several THE SCOTTSBORO BOYS taking the leadership of this strug- gle by the fact that Mooney him- self, under the influence of en- emies of the ILD, still had illusions that his case was best kept sep- arated from the “Reds” and re- fused to authorize the ILD to di- rectly campaign in his behalf. But the accumulating years ‘of inaction and active betrayal of Mooney’s supposed friends, and the consis- tent~support by the ILD, finally broke down Mooney’s prejudices and convinced him that he must openly appeal to the fighting or- ganizations of the workers, even though he still is not entirely clear about the role of the S. P., the renegades, etc. When Mooney is- sued his appeal, in 1931, to all workers’ organizations, to take up his battle, the ILD was the first to respond and the only one, to- gether with all who support the ILD, to wage a continuous cam- paign from that time one for Moo- ney’s release. The ILD organized a whole series of mass street dem- onstrations from coast to coast. It sent out speakers. It distributed millions of leaflets. It brought the Mooney case into all its support- ing press, which circulates in sev- eral million copies a year. It or- ganized, jointly with the Mooney Molders Defense Committee, a country-wide tour of Mother Moo- ney and Mother Wright for the Scottsboro case, and is now con- ducting a similar tour of Mother Mooney and Richard Moore, fa- mous Negro orator. The ILD re- vived the Mooney case on an in- ternational scale, arousing against the workers of Europe and Latin- America on Mooney’; behalf. ‘Thus in the Mooney case, also, “crime” of criminal syndicalism, ‘They were convicted and sentenced to prison for 40 years. By organ- izing mass protests against this vi- cious frame-up and sentence, the ILD forced the reduction of the outrageous sentences to three years, ‘The Imperial Valley case is a years the ILD was prevented from good example of the international r . character of the class struggle in “America, The defendants were ex- cellent representatives of the var- jous nationalities among the agri- cultural workers of the Imperial Valley, comprising two Mexicans, one Filipino, one Japanese, one white foreign born and two white natives. This case is again the center of active struggle, becoming part of the nation-wide fight against the deportation policy of Hoover-Doak. The government is now attempting to deport Horiuchi to fascist Jap- an, and is holding Sklar in prison after his sentence has expired, be- cause it has issued a deportation warrant against him but cannot ex- ecute it as he was born in Russia with which the U. S, has no de- portation treaties such .as it has with capitalist countries. Today the ILD conducts the mass struggle demanding the uncondi- tional release of Sklar and Hori- uchi, who are held in prison after theri terms are expired. In the case of Horiuchi, the IbD is de- manding, as a last resort to prevent deportation to Japan, and death at the hands of the murder-regime there, the right of voluntary de- parture so that he can go to the Soviet Union, where a warm wel- come awaits him from the workers of the victorious Soviet Republic, (TO BE CONTINUED) RED CROSS FLOUR (By a Worker Correspondent) CALLOWAY, Ky.—Red Cross flour is being used to drive workers to forced labor in the mines or on the road, for which the only pay is flour, and to discriminate against “reds” or blacklisted miners. One unem- ployed worker told Mrs. Hutchinson, Bg + BF2 The Work of Trade Union Fractions From ihe Resviution of the Presidium of the EC. CT PART III (CONCLUSION) The Guidance of The Fractions 5. Before meetings of Red Trade Unions and organizations of the R. T. |U. O. (Congresses or Confer- ences) the corresponding Party Committees must discuss the ques- tions which are to be taken up at these meetings (Congresses and Conferences), calling in representa- tives of the corresponding Commu- nist fractions. On all these ques- tions, the Party Committee must work out suitable directives for the Communist fractions. If at the meetings (Congresses or Confer- ences) there is the question of elect- ing new leading organs, the Party committee together with the rep- resentatives of the fractions must carefully discuss which candidates are to be backed up by the fraction and which are to be opposed. When discussing these candidates, the following must be taken as the basis: (a) The necessity of selecting a Party kernel which will ensure the Political line and the efficient work of the new leading organ; (b) in addition to Party members it is es- sential to put forward the candida- ture of revolutionary minded work- ers (non-Party and also socialist, anarchists, etc.), who are trusted by the [masses and who have come forward as good organizers of the revolutionary activity of the prole- tariat. The Communist tractions on their part must hold their meet- ings before trade union questions on their part must hold their meet- ings before trade union questions are brought up at the Party Com- mittees and must prepare concrete propositions for meetings of the Party Committees. When Preparing For Conf’s or Congress 6. When preparing Party confer- ences and congresses at which ques- tions of the trade union movement and the economic struggle will be discussed, the theses on these ques- tions must be worked out with the assistance and the most active par- ticipation of the leading trade union fractions, which must thus make it possible for the Party to take into account all the experience of the trade union movement. When pre- paring for T. U. conferences and congresses, the Party must give the general direction to the discussion through thé fractions and must see that the Party members are the driving force in the preparation of trade union conferences and con- gresses. Selfcriticism must not only touch on the weaknesses of the work of the trade unions but on the weaknesses of the work of the Com- munists in the trade unions. Correct leadership of the trade unions excludes petty-guardianship, harassing |jand commanding. The Party must neither commad nor pre- sent the trade unions unexpectedly with a completed fact. The Party must instruct the Communists working in the trade unions that their main duty on the basis of trade union democracy is to con- vince the masses of members of the correctness of the slogans and the various other proposals of the Come munist Party for the strength> ‘ing of the revolutionary movement. The chief thing in the leadership of the trade unions is the method of con- vineing and developing the initia- tive of the members, Relation Between Fraction and Trade Union %. The most important (and at the same time the most difficult) thing is to establish correct rela- tions between the Communist frac- tions and the trade unions, espe- cially the revolutionary trade. unions. It is along these lines that most mistakes and confusion is found in practice. As the revolu- tionary trade union organizations must be mass organizations, includ- ing all sections of the working class irrespective of their political views, ete, the Communists working in these organizations must ensure themselves infiuence and the deci- sive role by good and capable work, by methods of the most patient and insistent explanations of the Party line, showing by concrete examples what line the Party is carrying on in the struggle for the immediate demands of the workers, and giving personal examples of the most con- sistent. and courageous work for these demands. The correct and flexible leader- ship of the work of trade union fractions is of specially great im- portance during economic struggles. ig economic struggles, the Party as a rule must act from within, putting forward corres- ponding organizations of the re- velutionary trade unions and the revolutionady T. U. opposition as organizers and leaders of economic struggles. At meetings of trade union or- ganizations (and of organs set up by the trade unions), when Com- munists makes proposals in ac- cordance with the decisions of the fraction or the Party Committee, ; in his own name ete. San tion may make these propositions Other mem~. bers of the fraction must vote solidly for these proposals and also give them every support in their those members of the fraction who disagreed with a proposal when it was being discussed inside the fraction, must act in the same way, For Trade Union Democracy 8. In all cases of carrying out Party directives through the T. U, fractions, it is necessary to com- bine the greatest insistence with the consistent application of trade union democracy, so that leader- ship by the Party will not reduce the trade union organization to a nonentity and will not hinder the development of the initiative of trade union workers, If the ma= jority in the leading T. U. organ or conference or at a general meet- ing of T. U. members are opposed to some propositioris of the Party committee, then however useful and necessary this proposition may be, it should as a rule be with- drawn and not put into force in the given organization until the question is discussed again. In such cases special meetings should be held in all the lower organs of the given revolutionary T. U, or- ganization and the question raised again until it is adopted by the majority. We must learn not to force our opinions on people bul to be able to convince those who 1,re mistaken, otherwise we shall net be able to win over new section\ #f the workers. Methods of Fighting The Opposition 9. While showing irreconcilivb!- lity in matters relating to the poli- tical line of the Communist Party an mercilessly exposing the coun~ * ter-revolutionary role of the re- formist leaders, we must have a comradely approach to socialist workers and members of the re= formist unions, In the revolutionary T. U. organizations we must create an atmosphere from top to bottom so that the non-Party workers and the soci>l-democratic workers will feel themselves to be members on a& Jevel with the Communist and syms= pathizers, The struggle against the opposi« tion in revolutionary trade unions must be carried on by different methods from the struggle against the right or “left” opposition in- side the Party. First of all, in the struggle against the trade union opposition, there is no need to in= troduce the question of Party dis- cipline, difference of opinion on the Party line, etc. The whole struggle must be carried on only , on the questions of the trade unions, and the question of -dis= cipline must be kept within the limits of the statutes of the T, U. movement (which naturally pre- supposes a decisive struggle along Party lines against members of the Party who work in trade unions and resist the application of the Party line). In the trade unions more than anywhere else we need a stubborn and patient campaign of explanation among the masses and a struggle for each individaul worker, etc. On the other hand, the internal life in the revolu- tionary T. U. organizations must. be organized in such a way that every member of the revolutionary T. U. organization who disagrees with a majority decision should be able to defend his views further within the limits of the rules, The struggle against breaches of T. U, discipline must above all be car- ried on by patient aarp Disciplinary measures @hould be applied only in the most extreme cases and always on the basis of trade union democracy. Therefore in the struggle against the opposi- tion in the midst of the revolu- tionary trade union organizations) we must more than anywhere else separate the leaders from the masses. The task of convincing the masses and isolating the lead- ers cannot be solved by sweeping charges of reformism or anarcho- syndicalism, but by insistent and patient explanatory work. In giving these additional in- structions to the decisions of the second international organizational meeting on the work of Commue nist, fractions in the trade unions, the ‘Presidium of the E. C. C. I, instructs the C. C.’s to bring them immediately before the members, to organize their thorough discussion and popularization in the party press, at Party meetings and in the Party schools and courses. In ade. ‘/ dition, all Party committees (bes ginning with the C. ©.) and face tory nuclei must make concree | decisions on the basis of ithese | instructions regarding their stricte est and most systematic checking up on the fulfillment of these die rectives and the decisions of local Party organizations ‘which make them concrete, At the same time the Presidium of the E. ©. ©. & | demands a most decisive struggle to be carried on, andthe use of organizational measures against those organs of the Party leaders ship which in future do not pay, Proper attention to T. U. eal