The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 6, 1932, Page 4

» } § et Ne a ee — rker’ Daily, Central Jenict Posty US.A. Published by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc x 23th St., New York City, N. ¥. Telephone ALgonquin Address and mail checks to the Daily Worker, 50 daily exexept Sunday, at 50 E. 56. Cable “DAIWORK.” 13th St. New York, N. ¥. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: By mail everywhere: One year, $6; six months, $3: two months, $1; excepting Foreign: one year, $8; Borough of Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. six months, $4.50. The Orphan Jones Decision ynch courts of the rul- ly murder the inno- the Maryland Court of to. grant a new, trial in and ich courts to hahg in one can capitalism has ever Because Lee mer, when. the g feud, Lee was courts and the State ry rights, such»as ally railroaded e carefully excluded Soon after his arrest, the Balti- ment declaring that Orphan s never repudiated by this organi- Negro and white, took up the brutal challenge of the r Hundreds of mass protest meetings denounced the frame- Yuel Lee and supported the International Labor Defense in its n the courts, in its demand that the courts recognize the attorneys ided by the LL.D. for. Lee and accepted by Lee. Th> workers de- ded the unconditional release of this victim of lynch justice. he present partial victory is a vindication of the revolutionary policy of. mass pressure on the bosses lynch courts. They have been compelled to yield under the angry pressure of the masses. They have not freed innocent Yuel Lee, but are submitting him to a new trial in a pretense of “impartiality” and “fairness.” Under this pretense they are manouyer- ing to disarm the vigilance of the masses in the attempt.to carry. through the lynch verdict. The frame-up of Yuel Lee is a measure of the murderous oppression against the Negro masses. The vicious reign of terror on the Eastern Shore of Maryland which followed his arrest was deliberately organized by the rich farmers in an attempt to intimidate the thousands of Negro agricultural laborers held in virtual slavery on the Eastern Shore of Mary- land, contracted out by Baltimore labor agencies and robbed of even the meager pay they are promised. Large numbers of Negro workers are framed-up and railroaded to dea‘h in this manner. The Lee case is of partic.ar importance today when seven of the Young Scottsboro boys arc a the shadow of the electric chair. The par- tial victory in both cases must’serve as a further impetus to spread and puild a tremendous deiesico. #wvement for the Scottsboro boys and Yuel ‘Les and against the lynch verd‘vis of the Bosses court. The struggle for the freedom of Lee and the Scottsboro boys are part of the fight for the liberation of the Negroes ffditi rational oppression which lies at the base of the whole vicious systém of lytich law. The workers must be on guard against legalistic illusions in the “fair- ness” and “justice” of the lynch courts. < No faith in the bosses courts! Only faith in the mass power of the working class! Demand the immediate unconditional freedom of Yuel Lee, the Scottsboro boys and other victims of boss class rule! Seeking an Alibi for Bank Crashes IMMUNISTS are blamed for everything now-a-days. There are even sages that hold them responsible for epidemics and earthquakes. When the Communists are blamed for the organization of unemployed demonstratinns, for taking the leadership in the fight against wage cuts and hunger, for defending the rights of the workers, for struggling against imperialist war and organizing the workers for the eventual overthrow of the capitalist system, the capitalists are indeed correct, although here it must be stated that many spontaneous movements arise without he leadership of the Communists. But this we say not by, way of. depreciating our own activities, but only to emphasize the need for more aggressive leadership to the everyday struggles of the workers. But when the Communists are attacked for crashing banks and for creating bank runs, we must protest at such vile falsehoods. This slander is made by the Detroit Free Press in its editorial of June 30, when it stated that “the Communists in this country have learned by experience that an open, frontal attack upon America is bound to fall flat . . . so the reds are working chiefly at under-cover programs. They spread slanderous and alarmist rumors . . . to take advantage of general depressed conditions,” etc. This reactionary paper goes on to say that the “Reds” are working in Oakland County, Michigan, attempting to bankrupt the one bank left open in Pontiac. ‘We must say that not only is this vicious nonsense, but behind this lurks some rotten business. How can the whispering of Communists destroy the pillars of the banking system of the United States? We know of the trumpet calls of Joshua causing the walls of Jericho to crumble, but we have not heard of whispering rumors or even shouting causing the crashing of the banking strongholds of capitalism, unless these banks are insolvent and, what is more, attempting by some cunning to cover up their insolvency. When that happens, there are enough people of the capitalist world to spread the rumors of their insolvency. Not eyen children will believe the fable that the banks crashed because of Communist propaganda. The banks are going under as a result of the deepening economic crisis and the anarchy of the system which the Detroit Free Press has hailed as strong as the rock of Gibraltar. If the Detroit Free Press and the First National Bank of Pontiac are compelled to issue statements that the Communists are uttering malicious falsehoods in order to crash the bank, then we must say that the bankholders and other such people are simply trying to prove a bad alibi for the destruc- tion. of ‘workers’ savings. : “There is a proverb that when people shout “Stop Thief,” one should examine closely into the integrity of the shouter, and it is not unlikely that this proverb applies to the Detroit Free Press and their banking supporters. OUT OF THEIR OWN MOUTHS JT is considered fortunate that so real an issue as prohibition should be available at this time to distract attention from the depression complex. That is why there is no very real desire to get ‘action’ in advance of the elections.” From the Whaley-Eaton Service, Jaly Sth. This confidential news, service which,is sent to capitalist subscribers, confirms what tle Communists have been saying—the dual of words \about prohibition has been framed up by the capitalists in order to dis- ‘tract the masses from the real causes of the economic risis and the misery jot the masses. Prohibition, the bootlegging industry, is poisoning the en- tire’ capitalist system. But the issue of prohibition has been deliberately magnified in order to drown the cry of the masses for bread. Capitalist “democracy” cannot function without artificially construct- ing issues and elevating minor questions to major importance. Other- wise, if the real questions of the capitalist system were thrust into the foreground, the masses would know their friends and enemies, In, the, e, pointing out the degeneracy of,’ ce The Sooner fa ‘ exposed, all revolutionary. work» ‘behind this question as shown ~s VETERAN at ATER LRw > By BURCE 2 2. BURNS i WET PLANKS AND THEIR BUILDERS By ENBEE "HERE is a way of getting dippy | on beer without drinking it. All you have to do is to take the word of the Democrats that beer can easily be turned into bread and that the crisis of capitalism can be drowned dead in a stein of beer. ‘There is quite a “kick” in this frothy theory which creates the illusion that the way out of the crisis lies through the brewery. You are going to get a lot of this froth in the coming election cam- paign. It will be offered to you as @ guarantee of your “personal Harold. Foulkrod, Waters’ right hand man in the Bonus Army and former office manager of the Burns Detective Agency in Philadelphia, called upon the veterans to support Roosevelt, the Wall Street lawyer. Soviet Districts in China Grow in Power By CYRIL BRIGGS. “WE MUST ourselves take up the fight aganst the Communists.” With this brazen declaration the imperialist press in China greets the.complete collapse of the fourth “Commynist - Suppression” cam- paign—the fourth major attempt of the Nanking butchers to re-enslave the enidfieipated toling masses in the Soviet Districts of China. This is the policy of bloody in- tervention of all the imperialist bandits against the Chinese Revo- lution. This policy of armed in- terference in Chinese affairs, of looting and partitioning of China hhas been translated into action by Japan in her invasion and seizure of Manchuria. It is being carried out by the United States, England and France in their naval inter- vention at Amoy against the vic- torious 12th Chinese Red Army in Fukien Province. This is the policy voiced by ‘the guns of the U. 8, gunboat “Oahu” when on June 8th it attacked, near Taipantze (1,000 miles up China’s Yangtze River!) a body of 2,000 rebellious Nanking troops who were marching to join the workers and peasants Red Ar- mies fighting for the emancipa- tion of ‘China. Growth of the Soviet Districts The accompanying map shows the tremendous growth of the Chi- nese Soviet Districts. During the past six months these districts have grown greatly in territory and power as a result of the sweeping victories of the heroic Chinese Red Armies and the ‘upsurge of . thé agrarian revolution in-an ever in- creasing number of» Kuomintang districts. While the Chinese «Soviet. Dis- trilts are not yet a continuous geographic unit, it is clear that the intervening territories are being rapidly freed of the blight of Ku- omintang domination. Already these intervening territories have been -cut. down to narrow corri- dors. Even before the overwhelm- Armies | in” Anhwei | Province Armies in‘ Anhwei. Province, Soviet administrations existed in 167 hsien or districts distributed over eight provinces. ..In these districts, the conditions.of the masses are being “ gradually improved. The land of the big landowners has been con- fiscated and distributed among’ the poorer peasants, The illegal taxes carried over from the old. feudal- militariss. regime have been abol- ished, together with usurious in- terest rates. which helped to bleed the peasants. The cheap labor base of the imperialists is being destroyed with the promotion of the shorter work day and decent wages. This cheap labor base is used by United States and other imper- iglists to drive down the stand- ard of living of the home popu- Unemployment and Social Insur- anee is the central slogan of the Communist Party election cam- paign. Read a clear exposure of all the schemes of the capitalists and social demagogues to introd- uce unemployment insurance at the expense of the workers them- | in “Why Unemployment In- ? (3 cents), issued by the and File, A, Fi,of* 4 «Ups ee att A aaa ety | FR Destroying Cheap Labor Base of Imperialists in China, paying coolie wages, bitterly exploiting Chinese la- bor, using this cheap labor base in competition against American and European workers, to force coolie wages and a hunger stand- ard on these workers. This base of the imperialists against the American and European workers is being destroyed in the Soviet districts. In @ desperate effort to maintain this cheap labor base against the workers of America and Europe, the imperialists are seeking to crush the Chinese Revolution, re- enslave the emancipated popula- tions of the Soviet Districts and partition China. The imperialist brigands have garrisoned the large cities of China with their troops. They are shedding rivers of blood in the vain attempt to crush the revolutionary movement rising in the cities, Imperialist gunboats are “patrolling” thousands of miles Gorki Calls for Solidarity | Against War open is taking place in the. world a. double process: a part, of. the proletariat which has a strong political cansciousness is striving ‘in accordance with the teachings of Marx and Lenin to unite the proletariat of the whole world,” declares Maxim Gorki, the well-known working-class writer. “The capitalists sow international enmity and hatred. The proletariat united by the Communist Interna- tional wishes to abolish in the whole world the senseless exploita- tion of its labor power; it wants to abolish the ‘idiotic’ order which inevitably results in over-produc- tion of food anq various other com- modities and starvation of millions of workers. Trade With Workers’ Blood. “The capitalists want to carry on. trade. They want to carry on trade after having eliminated millions of workers with their wives and chil- dren from the ranks of the buyers -millions who have no money in order to procure clothing and bread. In the last resort they all carry on trade with the blood of the workers and the brains of the intellectuals. Their trade inevitably drives the capitalists of all countries into war against each other. As is known they conduct war with the forces and the hands of the same work- that even if France is vanquished by another imperialist country, in- terhational enmity is not ended. He adds that this emnity will again lead to a blood-bath, as it: always was and always will be IF .... “Ifthe whole mass of European workers do not clearly perceive in what a criminal circle the capital- ists have enclosed them—the. will of a tiny handful of people inspired by a morbjd greed to enrich them- selves out of the blood of the work- ing people.” Pointing out how the capitalists sow hatred in the world and there- by poison the proletariat, Gorki shows how naive, to put it mildly, some German workers and allegedly some “Communists” were in voting for Hitler, if they really did, out of hatred toward France. Bosses Hate U.S.S.R. Leadership. The great working-class writer then indicates the main object of the particularly savage hatred of the capitalists in Europe and in America, The Soviet Union—he says—is the object of this hatred— the country where “capitalism has been abolished and where the work- ers and peasants, under the leader- ship of the Party of Lenin, are the complete masters. “For 15 years—he continues— “the Party of Lenin has shown the. capitalists what power and talent ite hidden in the proletarian masses; and the capitalists themselves are beginning to see that the working See, So See ee of Chinese rivers, carrying on their sinister intervention in the very heart of China, raining death on the revolutionary worker-peasant masses in the Soviet Districts, ac- tively leading the campaign of the Nanking butcher tools of imperial- ism. Defense of China is Defense of U. S. Masses The fight against armed inter- vention in. China, against the lootiig and partition of China, is a fight against the institution of coolie wages in the United States, against the wage-slashing policy initiated and supported by the U. S. Hunger Government, against the vicious attacks on the living standard of the American mas- ses. ‘The defense of the Chinese people and the Chinese Soviet Districts is the defense of American work- ing class against hunger and war policy of the Wall Street bosses, against the criminal drive for armed intervention against the Soviet. Union and its triumphant Socialist construction. Workers of America! Rally to the defense of your class inter- ests against the vicious offensive of the bosses! Defend the Chi- nese people.. Defend the Soviet Union! Stop the production and shipment of arms against the Chinese People and the Soviet Union! Demand all war funds for the ‘unemployed! ‘Intensify the fight against hunger and war, for bread and. security, for im- mediate relief and unemployment insurance paid at the expense of the bosses and their government! © incomparably better and more in- telligently than they.. With this recognition, however, the hatred of the bourgeoisie ‘increases against the Socialist state, The’ anarchic “laws? of competition do not per- mit the robbers and exploiters of labor power to unite inorder -to deal a’ common. low ‘against. the advance guard of ‘the world prole- tariat. Nevertheless; the; industrial bandits are uninterruptedly 'en- deavoring to organize for an attack on the Soviet Union, just as they are trying ‘to, call, forth a hostile attitude to. the Soviet Union among the workers and. intellectuals.” Prepare Last, Deelsive Fight. Recalling ‘the lies‘and calumnies circulated by the capitalists in an effort to discredit the Soviet Union in the eyes of the workers, and ex- posing them as maneuvers designed to keep the workers from fighting in defense of the Socialist Father- land, Gorki says: “The international mutual aid of the workers must bear not only an economic, but also @ political char- acter. In any case it must not find expression in such a tolerant attitude toward international ad- venturers as the Russian emigrants are, Who are prepared to do any- thing in return for a Judgs fee.” After denouncing the activities of Kerenski in Paris, he speaks briefly - of the role of English workers in regard to the imperialist policy of the British capitalists, “Tt is quite clear how great the role of the working class can be in rogard to the question of disarma~- ment.” he concludes. “It is of greater importance, “however, that the proletariat realizes that it must prepare with its reason and its hands. for the last: decisive tight, the fight. for, rule: over’ the -whole: world.” us bey a liberty,” it will be served up to you with a balanced budget on the side, and the chiefs of the A. F. of L. will peddle it as sure-fire unemployment relief. There is no harm in swal- lowing a glass of beer now and then, but the workers who will swallow this foamy nonsense about. salvation via the brewery will find themselves drugged into helpless- ness against capitalist starvation— tothe great exhilaration of all capitalists, The recipe of turning beer into bread is quite simple: two millions. of workers engaged in the beer in- dustry will supply enough buying power to make the wheels of all industry go round, and everybody will get.a job and a chance to buy both beer and bread. Ain't it just grand? eho 9 le It is, or it means to be—for the capitalists. Right now capitalism is in dire need of a noisy “issue” to drown out the rumblings of fifteen million empty stomachs. 7 As to the magic formula—beer equals bread—we don't have t@ theorize about its workings. There is legal beer in practically every capitalist country, and if you cone sult the latest statistics on uneme ployment in Europe you will see how well off the workers are under legal beer. There is much beer and more starvation in Germany, there is plenty of hard licker and harder mass-misery in England, and for that matter there is a half million speakeasies (more or less) in the United States selling boom and beer to those who can afford to buy it. But that did not get you a job, did it? #5 he The Socialists anticipated the wishes of the bosses by adopting = wet plank. The Republicans, too, have made an attempt to pickle the crisis in alcohol, and the Democrats have built their starvation platform on the dizzy foundation of a booze bath. Talk about a wet’plank, it really should be called a ‘wet blanket, intended to ‘smother the fighting spirit of the starving masses against starvation. oS Ay The only party with a clear-cut- stand on prohibition is the Commu-, nist Party. Our stand is against the present vicious prohibition law, At the same time we are against alcoholism, which can be wiped out completely only through elevating the cultural level of the masses through the overthrow of capital ism. The issue in the present elec tion campaign is not the stinking prohibition froth, but bread for the masses. By I. AMTER INCE November, 1929, when Wm. Green made the agreement with Hooyer of no strikes, and Hoover promised no wage-cuts, there have been systematic wage-cuts through- out the country. Faced with the breaking of the promise by Hoover, Green, Woll and company came forward with the theory that it is necessary for the workers to accept wage-cuts, as this would mean the basis for a revival of industrial prosperity. This has been the posi- tion of the bosses of Wall Street and of Hoover. This has been par- ticularly emphasized by the build- ing contractors. Though the of- ficial wage scale was’ not reduced until this year, nevertheless the workers who had a scale of $13.20 a day were happy and lucky if they got jobs at $5, $6 and $7 a day, and then only worked one or two days a week. Despite the fact that the real wage scale of the building trades workers of the country was one- half_of the official scale, building construction has declined month after month, and, in the state of New York, during the month of May, was 95 per cent below the month of April. Wages On Starvation Level. ‘Wages have been reduced to a starvation level. It is not only in Kentucky and Tennessee, where the miner practically starves when he is working, but even in industries in the North, textile, etc. girls and women work 50 hours a week for as low as $2.35 a week. However, this has failed quite naturally to increase production. On the con- trary, together with the declining wages, there has been a decline in production. This do2s not mean that the profits of the corporations haye diminished. It is true that more than 3,400 bank crashes took place in the year 1931. These, to- gether with the large number of business failures, comprised mainly By Labor Research Association SURVEY of 22 cotton textile workers in typical North Calo- lina plants by representatives of the Labor Research Association shows that conditions are growing continually worse in those mills as in the northern cotton plants. The survey shows the workers are re- ceiving wages far below the amounts required for a “minimum health and decency budget.” Here are some o f the facts un- covered in the survey which was made last fall and covered workers such as weavers, loom fixers, card grinders, doffers, spee der tenders, in Marion, Hickory, Valdese, Golds- boro, Durham and Spindale, North Carolina. Employment and Wages ‘Those workers fortunate enough to have any employment at all are rarely employed full time. They average only four days a week and their work extends over only cight or nine months of the year. Wages for full-time average frum $3 to $13 @ week, or still lower as more recent reports show. The average yearly income for those who had full-time work during the whole year was about $550, In 1932 even ; full-time work for those few work= ‘ere ‘lucky enough to have it will, Wage Cuts Do Not Bring Prosperity small concerns which have been crushed to the wall. If there have been exceptions like Insull, Kreuger and Toll Co., the Bank of the U. S. etc., this merely confirmed the rule. The profits and dividends of the big corporations have hardly been affected, but by means of the crushing out of the small business concerns, more concentrated power is in the hands of Wall Street. The utility corporations earned $1,900,000,000 in 1931 despite the crisis. From the report of the National Association of Cost Accountants, which made an investigation of wage liquidation since 1929, cover- ing 256 plants, it is shown conclu- sively that “those companies which reduced wages the most had to lay off the most men, so that instead of wage-cuts stimulating business, the contrary condition seemed to have obtained.” The report shows fur-, ther, “Where wages were cut to 75 per cent or less of 1929 levels, pay- rolis were only 29.2 per cent.” This whole bunk of Wm. Green and Hoover of reducing wage scales in order to revive industry has found its answer. Cutting wages is merely a plan of the bosses to saddle the workers with the effects of the crisis, while reserving for themselves their high profits. Proyen In Experience, } Therefore the plank of the Com- munist Party against Hoover's wage-cutting policy is proyen in ex- perience. Making concessions to the bosses means to accept further starvation and misery. The work- ers are not ready to accept any further lowering of their condi- tions, and therefore are called upon by the Communist Party, not only to support the Party in the Election Campaign, but to organize in the shops, in the factories, in the mines, under the leadership of the T. U. U. L. to fight against Hoover's wage-cutting policy. Worsening Conditions in the - Southern Textile Mills cuts, Practically all of the wagés earned must be paid to the company for fuel, rent, food, clothing and, in some cases, even for insurance. De=, ductions for all of these z are made from the pay ehvelopes,» while scrip money is also used in some plants, and finance companies charge an extortionate rate of ine terest for small loans. Hours of Work The 11-hour day is the standard for both day and night wo rkers in these southern mills. Each worker interviewed complained of the long hours and the resulting fatigue. “The heurs are so long, I have no time for anything but work and sleep,” said one worker. Although small basins, usually filthy and unsanitary, are available for washing, no hot water is allowed: in any of the factories where these | workers are employed. Fealth of Families Half the wor intespienie reported ezsss ef pellagra hed aitecked thomeclves, wives, mothers. Many workers are ill in bed for almost a month at a thor their children or their