The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 29, 1932, Page 10

Page Six DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, “")/ APRIL ; 1932 ————— CELEBRATING MAY DAY IN CHINA M. JAMES 1932, the Chinese toiling masses her with the workers all over vill demonstrate against WL 0° MAY FIRST, workers and the toget the world, er and imperialist war, for the 2 of the Chinese masses and the Soviet Union. May Day in China has beengclose- nnected up with the Chinese velutionary movement, Mainly e colonization of China wy powers, the Chinese work re kept back from struggle tho they were super-exploited by the imperialists, the native capital- and the militarists. However, > World War, especially after ess of the October. revolu- . Russia, the Chinese workers e toiling masses began to as- u the form of mass organization and struggle. May Day has since then been “observed with militancy by the Chinese masses. Fre First May Day demonstration took place in 1919 in Shanghai, It was a feeble beginning. | Several hundred people, most of them stu- dents, participated. But the demon- stration served as jan eye-opener for the masses as to the historical significance of May. In 1926, the Communist Party of China was organized. Under the leadership of the Communist Party, the Chinese workers staged bigger demonstrations in Shanghai and many other cities. The Chinese workers understood more clearly their role in the struggle against espitalism and imperialism. In 1921, the May Day demonstration in China, besides raising slogans of the eight hour day, better working and living conditions, also put forth some political slogans as, the freedom of assembly, freedom of speech, etc. The Chinese workers reached the understanding that their economic struggle is closely bound up with their political struggle. In 1922, on May First, the Chinese Congress of Trade Unions took place in Canton with about 170 delegates. The Con- gress, among many important de- cisions and resolutions, advocated the eight hour day categorically put on its record that May Day be cele- Chiang Kai-shek, representing the national bourgeoisie, betrayed the revolution in April, 1927, in the face of the rising strength of the Chinese workers and peasants who fought jnot only against imperialism but alse against native bourgeoisie and land- lords. May Day in the Nanking- | |sed the rally of the workers against the Kuomintang. In Hankow, where existed the revolutionary government junder the domination of the petty | bourgeoisie, a big May Day demon- stration took place with two hun- dred thousand participants. Rep- resentatives of wvorkers . delegations from various countries spoke at the demonstration, stressing the inter- national solidarity of the working class. In July, 1927, the petty bourgeois government in Hankow followed the example Of Chiang Kai-shek and betrayed the revolution, This com- pletes the period of leadérship and the beginnig of compiete reaction Revolution. Hhe working class assumed the independent, unswer- By HARRIET SILVERMAN, “Child Health Day” was establish- ed by an act of Congress of the capitalist government, to be observ- ed May First. As an attempt to distract the workers from the sing- nificance of May First, the Interna- tional day of struggle of the revolu- tionary working class, “Child Health Day” must be exposed and working class demonstrations of protest stag- ed in ali cities. Mass misery is mounting by leaps and bounds, and 6 to 10 million children are starving in a land of pienty. What is of “Child Heaith Day” of the capitalist class? Its history goes back 20 years ago. Theodore Roosevelt, the Bull Moose “progres- sive” Republican standard bearer, called the First White House Con- ference to hoodwink the working class into believing that something brated by the Chinese workers as the International Labor Day. In 1923, there took place the big sige of the Peking-Hankow work- ers, Wu Pei-fu, then the warlord controlling the Peking-Hankow area, masaacred nearly on hunderd strik- ers in cold blood. However, even nder the extreme white terror of the northern militarists, the Rail-; way Workers Union in Peking ral- lied the workers in Peking and else- where to demonstrate on May Day Some of the demands put forth in the demonstration were: eight hour day, the reorganization of the Union unconditional release of the arrested strikers, the realization of the de- mands in the strike, and the aboli- tions of the martial law and all restrictions on the freedom of the workers, In the same year, the work- | ers in Canton and Shanghai, alsc | held big demonstrations. In 1924 there witnessed the rising rising re- | volutionary struggle of the Chinese masses against imperialist domina- tion. On May Day, over seventy thousand workers and toilers de- monstrated in Canton. A Congress of the Chinese trade unions also took piace with delegates from over one hundred and sixty trade unions. Another significant thing happened on May Day that year was the con- vention of the Chinese peasants in Canton with over 100 thousand workers and peasants present. This showed the close alliance between the Chinese workers and peasants undr the leadership of the workers. uring the great Chinese revolu- tién: in 1925-27, a high wave of strike struggles sweeping over Shanghai, Canton, Hongkong and all over the country against imperialist exploit- ation and murder. The peasants also revolted against the landlords This has been the basic motive force of the Chinese jrevolution. The Chinese bourgeoisie, the Kuomintang utilized this force to stage a fight ,egainst imperialism for more con- cessions. May Day demonstrations assumed irresistable momentum dur- ing this period. In 1926, for instance, there were over ten th work- ers demonstrating in! Shanghai,|- Seaing militantly with the police ~ho interfered with the demonstra- would be done for “the health and protection of the children” of the nation. Roosevelt sent out the in- vitations, for the Conference {on Cristmas day, in 1909. commendations came out of this conference, the outstanding one: “that children should not be remory- ed from their own homes by reason | of poverty.” ‘Tens of thousands of workers children who have had to exist and suffer in the charity in- stitutions of the boss class because their parents were jobless and un- able to give them the necessities Shanghai area, which was unedr the ; control of Chiang Kai-shek, witnes- | the betrayal of- the right wing of | of the Kuomintang in the Chinese } Fifteen re- | ;ing leadership in the Chinese re- }volution with the support of the } peasantry. A wave of extreme White terror of the Kuomintang swept over the country, under the bayonets of the Kuomintang militarists and jthe imperialists, the Chinese work- ers in the big cities every year since 1927 staged illegal demonstrations on May Day for the eight hour day, better conditions, against the rule of the Kuomintang and its imperialist masters and for the defense of the ; Chinese Revolution and the Chinese Soviets. In the Soviet districts in China, which has been extending and is now covering one sixth of China proper with a‘population over ninety million, the Chinese workers and peasants demonstrate on May. Day every year as a signal for the in- tensifying struggle for the consoli- dation and extention of the Soviets, for the defense of the Soviet Union and for the solidarity of the inter- national working class. May Day this year in China, with millions starving, with the virtual annexation of Manchuria by Japan, jthe murder of hundreds of thousands of the Chinese people by Japanese of life, give the lie to this outstand- jing decision of the Roosevelt ad- ministration conference. President Wilson, the gentlemen who “kept us out of war,” and whipped up the imperialist war machine for a “war to end war,” and a “war to make the world safe for democracy,” called the Second White House Conference on Child Health during 1919. Money was sup- plied from the war emergency fund to organize the conference in Wash- i ington. Wilson at that time was at- tending the so?called Peace Confer- ence in Paris. With characteristic demagogy Mr. Wilson piously ex- {pressed the hope that the confer- ence would be successful in setting up “certain irreducible standarrs for the health and education and work of the American child.” Twenty years have passed. The six to ten million starving children in the year 1932 of American “prosper- ity” can testify to the humbug of the Roosevelt-Wilson-Hoover con ference. And the 5 million young | workers under 20 years of age slav- ing in the shops, mills, mines and farms of this country, not to men- tion about 6 million others between the age of 20-24 including 600,000 exploited young Negro workers can testify to the bodywrecking exploit- ation, that stands as an indictment against the capitalists system. The ; million children under 16 years of imperialism, the imperialist plot of repartition of China, the Kuomin- | tang-imperialist campaign against the advancing Chinese Soviets and their Red Army, the imminent war danger against the Soviet Union the Chinese workers and peasants, both inside and outside the Soviet ter- age, and the countless children, some of them babies under ten years of age who are ground into profits for the capitalist class give the lie to the conference on child health and! protection of the capitalist bosses government. The Republican machine with Mr. Hoover in the harness, called the third White House Conference on Child Health and protection held in Washington in November 19, 1930, which outdoes the other conferences in demagogy. Hoover’s speech dis- closed that there are six to ten million children, 6 million of the 45 are impro- perly nourished.” 1 million have weak damaged hearts. 1 million have detective speech. 382,000 are tubercular. And so on to a total of at least 10 millions of deficients more than: 80 per cent of whom are not receiv- ing the necessary attention.” Whom does Mr. Hoover ,the lick- spittle of Wall Street charge with this crime against children of the working class, who stunted, starv- ing and denied even the necessary medical care, are dying of slow starvation and exposure? Mr. Hoov- er declared: “The ill-nourished child is in our country not the product of poverty: it is largely the product of ‘ill-instructed children and ignorant parents’.” This is the brazen conclusion of | Wall Street’s servant in the White House. The hypocritical. senti- mental sob-stuff which was spilled at the “welfare” conference of the Hoover-Wall St. government, has been printed in 40 volumes. Words instead of food, clothing shelter, medical care! Words instead of the chance to go to school, forcing children into mines and mills to help eke out a miserable existence for entire families of the working class where fathers and mothers have been unable to get jobs, while child labor and tenement sweat- shop labor have increased as a re- sult of the crisis. of immediate relief for the unem- ployed and their families! Words, police clubs, tear gas bombs, the shooting down of unemployed work- ers at the Ford plant and jail sen- tences for the militant ranks of the unemployed fighting for immediate relief and unemployment insurance at the expense of the employers and the state. Behind the White House Confer- ence on Child Health, called by the ruling class, and Child Health Day, there is the driving purpose, to use A “HOME” IN “FATHER” Words, instead | ;ritory, will demonstrate together jwith the workers and toilers all lover the world against starvation, | against the partition of China, | against imperialist war, against the | Kuomintang and for the defense of |the Chinese people, and the Soviet | Union COX’S SHANTY-TOWN The Hypocrisy of Capitalist Child Health Day Peasants Republic. Mr. Hoover has made plain where he stands: “the ambition of my life is to crush out Soviet Russia, yes even if it means starving the women and the chil- dren.” And in that driving im- perialist ambition, Mr. Hoover sees in Child Health Day one more means of keeping check on the future army of the country for the coming imperialist war. The public schools will prob- ably celebrate Child Health on April 29. This year when the work~ ‘ing class is more than ever in fighting mood against the crisis, which has engulfed the capitalist world, we must strike a blow a- gainst the Wall Sireet Child Health Day by mobilizing the working class, men, women and children, for Hunger Marches to demand im- mediate relief for the starving chile dren of the. unemployed and for Unemployment Insurance. The Workers International Re- lief has proposed Hunger Marches as the most effective form of mass | protest of women and children who can be mobilized for this demon- stration on a broader scale than ever before to fight for free milk, free food, free clothes, free lunches ‘in the schools, free medical care and for unemployment insurance. The Children’s Hunger Marches must bring into the forefront the | Sharp contrast between the mount- ing starvation and mass misery of |children in capitalist America, and the high standard of protection of child life and motherhood in the ' Soviet Union, possibly only because jthe workers and farmers rule. The children’s hunger march, ore ganized with trucks to transport mothers with small children from , working class neighborhoods should demonstrate before all public schools where children are not re- ceiving hot lunches, The hunger march of women and children of the jobless workers ot America must expose the terror against the militant workers, and | especially against foreign born The Children’s’ Hunger March on May _First must demonstrate the growing | unity between the Negro and white workers in the struggle against lynch terror. The children’s Hunger March | must expose the charity racketeers |the Block-aid fakers, and family help family fakers of capitalism which grow fat on ‘the misery and | Starvation of the unemployed mil- lions. | The children’s Hunger March must aboveall arouse and win the child- ren for the ranks ofthe W. I. R. Pioneers to fight with their parents this channel and every other means for loyalty to the working class, for for war mobilization purposes. From | revolutionary Struggle as the only childhood to old age the capitalist | way out of the workers from the class reaches out to poison the| hell of capitalist crisisy miser, ex- workers and enslave them in the | ploitation and oppression, stranglehold of patriotism, of loy-; Organize a children’s hunger alty to the boss class and its gov-| march against the bosses fake child _ ~*Mr. Hoover, the experienced Food | diate*relief and unemployment in- ‘4 ernment. Administrator in the last world | surance! : war, used every means to crush by} Support workers international re- starvation, hunger and blockade, |!leif children’s hunger march plans the newborn First Workers and/in your city! a chy sac