The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 17, 1932, Page 4

Published by the Comprodaiiy Publishing Ca, tne, defiy exeopt Sunday, at 50 East New York City. N. Y. Adéress and mai) all checks to the Datly Worker, §0 East 13th Street, New York, N. ¥. Page Four 3th St. Telephone ALagonquin 4-7956. Cable a “DAIWORK.® SEE THE NEW TAXATION—MORE] ™= OF THE CRISIS BURDEN ON THE By MAX WEISS PART L HB new, & -d “non-partisan” revenue now before the House of Representative: mock debate is so brazen an attempt to place the full weight of the government treasury crisis on the shoulders of the working class and far that it deserves the most careful attention of the entire working class. Behind the flowery ¢ ‘equal ilis: tribution among all classes” and “exemption of the necessary articles of life," the bill 1s un- paralleled in the ferocity with which it slashes into the already miserably low living standards of the working cl: nd poor farmers and the impetus it gives to the whole process of the ruin of the middle class It is also of historic significance of the cyclonic force with which the crisis has it the once structure of Ameri nance capital. For the first time in the of the United States has Congress to pass a revenue act containing a general m facturers sales tax provision. The desperation with whici ance capita’ pushing the revenue act is prompted by the ex- tremely precarious position facing the sol American finance. The budgetary deficit of 1931 1932 and the huge estimated budget defic 1933 has not only weakened the internal ture of Wall Street, but has had powerful tions in European circles. This event is of tremendous importance as an indication of the extent to which the cancer of imperialist decay has eaten away at the vitals of American capitalism, With the proposal and almost 100 per cent certainty of the passage of this bill, the shattering of the “solidity” of Amer- ican capitalism stands revealed before the masses in all its ugly nakedness. bill yuflage of as symbolic fi for | ‘The inability of the American government to | nee its budget is an open admission of the ss of American capitalism, center of power imperialist finance capital. For the first since Wall Street entered the world arena f imperialist conquest have the barons of the dollar” been for to close their with the frank statement that only upon tr American capitalism make the most cevastating inroads on the living standard f masses can complete and ignominic ptcy be avoided. of ed eted in the United ell over nine million ports to foreign countries in January standing at 40 per cent less than a year ago | and the smallest since August 1914; imports in the same month being down to 20 per cent from a year ago and the smallest since February, 1915. | All along the line there has been a continuing | drop in all forms of capital values, in all sources of government income. ' No real efforts have been made to cut down | the huge expenditures for the bureaucratic ap- paratus of capitalist government and only one item remains around which there has not even been the slightest debate concerning the advis- ability of reduction—war expenditures. At the same time that it is preparing to attack the living standards of the masses, Wall Street con- tinues to pour huge amounts into the coffers of the munitions manufacturers and the manufac- turers of war supplies. The amount spent for veteran, war department and navy department items alone increase from $1,539,220,551 in 1931 to $1,635,588,800 in 1933. The same driving forces which make for war against the Soviet Union are responsible for the wholesale on- slaught on the conditions of life of the toiling population of America. MASSES mmediacy of government ‘treasury crisis With insatiable appetite, the maw of the crisis of American capitalism demands the very flesh and blood and life of the working masses in the effort to stem off the ruinous consequences of the crisis of American capitalism. ‘ Upon the balancing of the American budget depend: uch of the future position of ‘the United in the sphere of international finance. The new tax bill is the complement of the inflationary movement now under way ogether represent the most extreme 0 far been forced to take. indication of the sheer necessity under pressure the representatives of Wall Street acting is hinted at in the sol. emn warning given the House of Representa- tives by Representative Crisp o the first day of the debate over the new bill “If Congress does not yass this bill, the financial wera <ul become frightened as to the solidity of United States credit. When our bonds depreciate everything else depreci. ates in proportion.” The revenue act is designed to raise sufficient | funds to balance the budgetry deficit: of $1,700,- | 000 for the fiscal year 1933, The total to be | raised is $1,246,000,000. Of this amount, approxi- mately $225,000,000 will be raised by. effecting economics in government expenses (mainly by cutting the wages of the lower paid civil service employees). The sum to be raised by outright taxation is therefore about $1,021,000,000. This total is again subdivided according to the man- ner in which it is to be raised into eleven cate- gories. far reaching and drastic in its effects on the working masses is the general manufacturers sales tax. Under the provisions of this sales tax, all manufactured articles, with the exception of | certain specified commodities, such as bread, | meat, fish, farm products, salt, sugar, etc., are Not even the provision of millions in inflated paper money is sufficient to satisfy the brutal to be taxed 2% per cent of their manufactured sales price. The total amount to be raised by the sales tax is $595,000,000. A brief comparison with the entire sum col- | lectable under the provisions of the new revenue act shows that 58 per cent of the total to be raised by outright taxation will come from the general sales tax. Since 80 per cent of all man- ufactured consumption commodities are bought by those having incomes of less than $3,000 a r, that is, the working class, poor farmers and petit-bourgeoisie, the net result of the general saies tax is that almost 47 per cent of the total money to be raised by taxation under the new revenue act will come out of the pockets of the workers, poor farmers and lower strata of the petit-bourgeoisie of this country, This, however, is but half the story. ‘The sales tax of 2% per cent is that in name aloné. Actually, in practice a sales tax of 2% per cent amounts to a tax of anywhere from 2% per cent to 50 per cent. The majority of the articles purchased by the working class are those within the range of low-priced commodities. Since the tax is levied on the basis of 2% cents on every dollar of manufacturers’ sales price or five cents on every article worth two dollars, the tax amounts to a payment by the workers of one cent extra on each taxable commodity worth 40 | cents. If articles are priced at less than 40 cents it is obviously impossible to pass on the tax to the purchaser in its original percentage amount because there is no unit of money smaller than one cent. It is a foregone conclusion that neither the manufacturer nor the retailer will consent to pay the tax out of his own pocket merely because the revenue act calls for a 2% per cent tax. In every case in which the tax amounts to less than one cent, according to the provisions of the tax bill, the worker will be re- quired to pay at least a full cent tax, if not more. The smaller the price of the article the greater will be the percentage of tax, running in some cases to fifty per cent of the sales price. (To Be Concluded.) A Maior-General Speaks By KAYE MATTHEWS | ie reply to a request to a debate on the sub- | ject “Resolved, that preparedness and impe- rialist wars are not in the interest of the work- ing popvlation,” Major General Amos A. Fries, | retired, former head of the Chemical Werfare Division of the United States Army, answered “Emphetically I will not.” He contends that | American wars heve not been imperialist wars. Let's see if he is telling the truth. Why did the United Stetes ficht Spain tn | 1999? The mafor-genera! and his ilk would have us believe that we did so to protect the poor Cubans from popression. Then, why did not the American capitalist class declare war on Czarist Russia, since it was recornized as worst despotism in the world? Besides, the results show, that the United States was in need of colonies. She got, as the spoils of the war, numerous colonies in the Pacific Ocean. In addition, a government, sympathetic to the American bosses was installed. The result is that American bankers and in- dustrialists have over one and one haif billion dollars in Cuba and support one of the most brutal dictatorships, as is the government of Cuba. Or let's take the last world war. American bankers had loaned tremendous sums to the Allies. These were endangered by German vic- tories. The American capitalist class declared war to protect their investments. The dear major-general certainly reads English. Let him | look up reliable “bourgeois” histories. He prob- ably won't read working class sources. He might become “contaminated.” He deserves the grand prize when he goes off into calumnies about the Soviet Union. After some remarks about the liberals, pacifists, Com- munists (they are all alike to the gentleman), he goes on to say that “None of these groups, of Which you seem to be # part, ever have n single criticism to make of the murderous dic- tatorship that is Imposed on the Russian people, the worst treroristic government known in a thousand years.” Bureka! Mr, Trotsky and the Major-General! The Workers and Farmers Government is the only country in the world where the toiling mas- ses are not persecuted. He hides the fact that tials “lend of the trp” where the bose class rules, | monstrations against imperialists wa murdered Sacco-Vanzetti. He says nothing about Tom Mooney, Scottsboro, Steve Katovis, Levy, the Nesro workers murdered in Detroit, Chicago | and Cleveland. He keeps still about the Young Communist and mine orzanizer, Harry Simms, who was murdered in cold blood. Let him think of the Imperial Valley prisoners, Walla Walla | prisoners, and the thousands of others who fell or were persecuted in the struggle of the work- ing class against the boss class. Why does he | say nothing about the lynching of Negroes? There is working-class justice in the Soviet Un- ion. There is capitalist class justice in the U: S. He bemoans the fact that the Russian work- ers, under the leadership of Lenin and the Bol- sheviks established the Soviet Power. “The leaders of your organization are either poor dupes, or in the pay of the international organ- ization that destroyed the people’s (bosses, K.M.) government of Russia under Kerensky in 1917.” Now isn't that too bad. The workers took power, overcame the intervention, are building Socialism. They refused to accept the rule of those who bring the “blessings” of bosses’ repub- lics like that of the United States. But he makes a concession: “Now I dont pretend for one instant that our Government is perfect; that our laws could not be much bet~ ter, and the present depression is a disgrace to enlightened people...” “What brought on the crisis? che still calls it a “depression” aft rethree years.) Orisis are inherent in capitalism. There is no crisis where the workers rule! He wants us to vote In re- forms. Page the Socialist party. But capital- jem rules under a veiled democracy. It is ac- | t “y @ boss dictatorship. The workers have no rights under capitalism. Major-General Fries refuses to debate with the only united front youth organization that tz struggling against bosses’ wars, Being « militar~ ist supporter of the capitalist class, he is sup- porting the murder of the Chinese workers and peasants, But the young workers are organizing against Japanese and American imperialism. The Anti-War Youth Conference is organizing the American young workers to stand by the Chinese people. ‘We are preparing to defend the #oviet Union. The month of April will see a series of de- April 6, Of these sub-divisions by far the most | By MYRA PAGE. Our Correspondent in Moscow. ‘When our boat lands at Odessa the sky fs still dark. Quietly the snow falls, it is barely seven o'clock. Through the portholes drift strains of mass singing, songs of the first unloading. Our leader runs from door to door, calling us to get up. “Hurry! Odessa workers are waiting on the docks to greet us, with banners, bands— everything!” Quickly we get into our clothes and go outside. In the dim light we distinguish long lines of working men and women, standing in militaty formation, singing, cheering. News hav- ing come that an international workers’ delega- tion was doming to Odessa, the worker students from the local Marine Technicum and Workers’ Art University had marched to the piers an hour before the boat was dus. waiting in the snow for us, until now. : As the snow falls around us and the sky grad- ually lightens. One after another our delega~ tion climb up on a pile of lumber to tell of the workers’ movement in England, Japan, Spain, and the United States, antd of what it means for us to see, at first-hand, the free life of Soviet toilers and the way they’ré building socialism. Another Convict Labor Lie Exposed. The English sailor in our group told how the British capitalist papers, just before he left, were running scare stories about “convict labor” in Odessa—that men and women were being forced to labor under armed guards on the docks. Hearing this, the Soviet workers looked from one to another, in astonishment and anger. A few laughed outright at the idea. They, who had struggled so hard for their freedom, they, the rulers of a vast country—slaves! Well, we could judge for ourselves. “In my six thousand miles’ trip in your coun- try,” the sailor went on, “I’ve not been able to find any of that convict labor. Sure, I'll look here, so I can show up those yellow sheets what’re lying about back home. Later we visit the docks and shipyard, speaking with men and women on the job, going wherever we wish. Of course there is no semblance of forced labor. On the contrary, the workers of Odessa, as all over the Soviet Union, are the only free workers in the world today. Dockers Get Guaranteed Minimum Wage. Soviet ports, in fact, are the only places where the dockers and transport workers are not made to suffer from the irregularities of their work. Dockers are divided into three categories accord- ing to their experience and amount of training. The most experienced category is called to work first, then the second, finaly the third, (which is composed largely of young learners). However, each man is guaranteed a minimum wage, suffi- cient on which to live, while actual earnings range much higher, as the way Soviet industry is organized and procressing, there is more than enouch work for all. In the old days, as the dockers told us, due to the long hours, brutalizing conditions, and un- certainties of work,” the seamen and dockers along with the miners, were known for the way we hit the booze. Besides, we were an ignorant lot. Now, with our shortened hours and bettered conditions, with the chance for everybody to get training and |improve himself, you find us @ changed lot. No more boozing, except by a few laggards. Men from the docks are going to the technicums and universities; some have already become engineers.” ‘They show us over the port, with pride. Their port. In recent years it has been extended and many improvements made. 1t was here, in Odessa that the famous mutiny of the battleship Potemkin took place, during the 1905 revolution ‘We walk up the broad stone stairway which leads from the sea to the town, and where in 1905 the czar’s troops fired down upon the unarmed masses who were demanding bread and freedom. In the International Seamen's Club, After two days of visiting factories, a Chil- dren’s town, workers’ clubs, the local Opera, we conclude our stay in Odessa with an evening at the International Seamen's Club. As it happened, tered the last war will see mass demonstrations of the youth in all parts fo the city. April 9, at 2 p.m. the New York youth will hold a monster youth parade and demonstration, starting at Battery Park, parading up the waterfront, and demonstrating at Union Square. Talk to your fellow workers in your shop! | Build anti-war youth committees in your shop now! Become affiliated to the Anti-War Youth Gonferenoe, 32 Union Square, Room 605, { gi ee P il Army Day, the day that the United States en- SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Foreign: By mail everywhere: One year, $6; sin months, $8; twe months, $1; excepting Boroughs of Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. one year, $8; six months, $4.50. -In Workers’ Odessa @ special program had already been arranged in honor of the transport~and seamen’s “shock bri- gaders” (those workers who voluntarily have taken upon themselves the task of setting an example by their quality and output from their work, and the maner in which they cooperate with their fellows in building socialism). To en- tertain them two of the best singers from the Ukrainian State Opera House had come, as well as ballet dancers, a small stringed orchestra, and speakers. Here we meet séamen from Britain, Italy, and other countries, Comsomols from the Mariné University, factory workers who are invited By BURCK guests, local union and Party organizers and m< 1y others. What an evening we have! (The international solidarity which exists in these clubs makes them so popular with foreign sea~ men that the captain of foreign ships in Soviet ports often take strong measures to keep their sailors away). In the library at the club who should greet us but the friendly face of the Daily Worker! We have been in several clubs in various ports, and in each one we found our Daily on hand, for sailors from the States to read and take along back to the ship, to pass among- the men. The Odessa International Seamen's Club for- merly belonged to a millionaire ship-owner. Aftet the revolution, the workers though it # good idea that it be given to those he had once sweated, but who now manned ships in the in- terests of their own class. “Go to the Reds! Let Them Help You!” By ANN BARTON T Glendon mine, Straight Creek, Kentucky, there has been another cut. Twenty-five cents a ton is the new slave wage for the coal miners. The other day some Straight Creek women went to the office of the Associated Charities in Pineville, to see whether they could get a few bites of food for their families. ‘They trekked the narrow mud road in, ragged shoes. Mrs. Hutchinson, aristocratic, wizened, white-haired h@ad of the loval Associated Chari- ties, dismissed them with a curt, “Go to the Reds. Let them help you. They got you into this trouble!” ‘Thus Mrs. Hutchinson, at the same time she condemns working-class families to flux and other attributes of starvation, says a good word for submission to the hunger law of the opera~ tors, by accusing the “Reds” of the misery and trouble of the miners. She tries to distort the grim fight of the Ken- tucky miners against starvation and terror and their building of the National Miners’ Union, the growing class-consciousness of the miners into “trouble” caused by the “Reds.” “In all the houses on the Straight Creek Road, as we came down we heard the cries of babies, asking for bread,” the miners’ wives said. Mrs. Hutchinson dismisses these cries as “trouble” caused by the Reds and eats her sub- stantial dinner untroubled. Along Straight Creek, where families are try- ing to exist on the wage of 25 cents a ton, relief from the Associated Charities is only for a few of the “loyal” citizens, those who will not be- long to the National Miners’ Union. What is the “trouble?” Who are the “Reds” in these fields who “caused the trouble,” asks the miners. Their version of the trouble they suffer is different from the version of Mrs. Hutchinson. The system of starvation, of com- pany-controlled appetites, of company-controlled lives is “trouble” indeed—but caused by the “Reds.” Who are the “reds?” ‘They are—in the opinion of the operators— the organizers of the National Miners’ Union. Some thousands of workers in these parts are “Reds.” They work down in the mines, live in company shacks. Eat the few beans their scrip buys at the commissary. Their children have flux. Their wives die from hunger under their very eyes. ‘They joined the National Miners’ Union, their own rank and file union, agreeing with its policy of militant mass resistance to starvation and terror. They went out on strike on Jan. 1 and now are busy organizing locals of the National Miners’ Union, where they do not already exist, are building their union, both on the strike front and in the mines. 34 ‘These “Reds” were called 100 per cent Ameri- cans until they joined the National Miners’ Union and threw their tools down in organized resistance—no more to take with thanks the scrip from the operators that bought only enough food to keep them from dying of hunger. Then they were called “Reds’—because red “means danger, means resistance to those who make slaves out of men, women and children. “Go to the Reds,” Mrs, Hutchinson said to the miners. The miners, to go to the Reds, need go no farther than their own mining camps, no farther than their next door neighbor. The murmur of rebel voices has swept through the been made “Reds”—through the medium of the operators’ starvation—compulsion. What is the miners’ trouble? Flux, rampant in this section, takes toll of thousands of babies yearly. Adults are not exempt. At Glendon, the operators have cut the miners to 25 cents a ton. At Kettle Island, a small army of gun thugs have lately been supplied with thousands of dollars worth of ammunition to be used against the “Reds.” The miners and their families lead lives of hunger, a gun at their back to stave off their re- sistance. Stories are rife among the miners how Mrs. Hutchinson calls the operators for approval when a miner asks for relief. When miners’ wives come to her office, she brushes them away. out of her reach of her expensive clothes with @ peremptory command, “Move aside, don’t soil my clothes.” (In Pineville, itself, this same As- sociated Charities helps a few “loyal” citizens two days of laboring work a week, at $1 a day, paid in groceries). ‘These are the miners ‘real troubles, that al- though Mrs. Hutchinson would like the miners to believe have been brought to the mine fields by the “Reds” are laid directly at the door of the coal operators and their friends. These con- ditions existed before there were “Reds.” These conditions forced on the miners by the opera- tors made the miners “Reds” and keep them so. The Reds have learned in these coal fields through the accumulated experience of their union, the National Miners’ Union, how to resist, how to fight against the coal operators’ hunger and terror, how to build the National Miners’ Union. This building of a strong National Miners’ Union stares the coal operators in the face and drives them to distraction. The building of the union, the making of thousands of more “Reds,” really means “trouble,” but “trouble” for the operators and the Mrs. Hutchinsons, and for them only. It means resistance when the coal operators attempt to put over wage-cuts. The building of the union means deeming the state crumbs of charity given by such bosses’ agencies as the Associated Charities to the miners not enough. This is the trouble the “Reds” bring to the miners. “Let the Reds help youl!” The “Reds” will help their fellow miners by continuing to or- ganize them into locals of the National Miners’ Union, by building the union, both on the strike front and inside the mines—to keep the wolf from baying at the door of the miners’ shacks. ‘The Reds will continue to build the union be- cause it is a da yto day necessity for the miners —like food or air—to protect their interests, their very lives, their only weapon against the operators’ attacks on their living standard, And the Reds, the awakened miners, will give the coal operators and their friends more of this kind of “trouble,” in spite of the heavy barrage of les and distortions futilely aimed to weaken the ranks—because the miners know it is the only way out. Not Mrs. Hutchinson’s charity, but struggle under the leadership of the Na- tional Miners’ le against wage- cuts—against starvation wages and the terror— struggle for real relief from the Associated \ Charities, for the unemployed as well as from the local, county and state governments, “Go to the Reds. Let them help you!” And the miners will answer Mrs. Hutchinson's ad- vice. They will tell her the miners through their own experiences. have. learned-that going EZ Mourning the Cro-Magnon One of Hearst’s latest Sunday supplementa | gives us an idea of- just how “progressive” is capitalism of today, Beside the stories of en- ticing harlots (which is the stock-in-trade of Hearst, the great “defender of virginity and democracy”), and other such rot to occupy and stupify the mind of the masses, we find another one with the folowing heading, across the whole pag rth’s brainfest Race Wiped Out by Bol- sheviks 8,000 Years Ago? (Notice that ques- | tion mark—Jorge)—Mysttry of the Disappear- ance of the Big-Headed Cro-Magnon Men Be- fore the Dawn of History Now Explained as Fxtinction by a Horde of Low-Browed Com- munists Who Had No More Use for Initiative and Intelligence Than Those of Red Russia Have Today.” Surely, here is the lovely flower of capitalism in decay! The apologists for capitalism, unable to find anything to say to justify its present existence, go back to the past, not even stopping at its really progressive earlier period of de- velopment in which it played a revolutionary role. To stop there and thus relate progress to revolution might give justification, not to capl- talism, but to revolution. So in terror at the thought, these apologists for capitalism ery for the return of days before the dark ages, for pree historic sociey, ant the Cro-Magnon man! Talk about reaction! Of course, this is not done by the Hearst press with any philosophical or historical aim, but the practical aim of distorting past history against the Soviet Union when present history, so brilliantly proves the Soviet system superior to capitalism. It is done deliberately to aid war on the Soviets. Understanding that, let us see just how, ace cording to the Hearst author, the Cro-Magnons perished: “Probably what destroyed them was despatr. They could not be happy under a system in which there was no room for initiative, and a man or woman only a unit in a human horde.” Did ever one read such bosh! The same forces of capitalism which coolly starves to death mil- lions of workers’ babies and goes raving insane over a “kidnaped Lindy”, tries to oppose Com~ munism by idealizing the cave men! Sees Very Terrible—But Different The wife of an ex-commander of t he U. S. Navy was in her apartment, when a man broke in the door and beat her nearly'to death with a club or cane. Li Atrocious, you'll say. And the U. S, Navy mustn’t allow sailors ashore there in Hawaii, until such pretense of democracy as now exists is replaced by a military-naval dictatorship— which, is necessary anyhow with war coming on, for such a naval base. And the fiend who attacked this woman must be hanged, drawn , and quartered by her mother and husband... But wait a minute.... It didn’t happen in Hawaii. It happened in San Francisco! And the fiend who ettacked the wife of the ex-com- mander of the U. S. Navy, was this ex-com- mander of the U. 8, Navy! His name, Grant T. Stephenson, who is worrying along on an in- come of some millions of dollars and devoting his declining years to “sports”. Page Clarence Darrow for his defense! | “Schemin 4 a are F one wants to be cynical, he might look up a White Men” lot of stuff on the way capitalism has treated the only real American—the American Indian, The position of government “Indian Agent” has long been one of the most lucrative of chances to graft and get rich quick by robbing the Indians. Shoved off onto reservations of Jand usually the poorest, whenever any of this poor land turned out later to have oil or any- thing else worth much under it, the Indians have been robbed of it. On the reservations, the “Indian agent” and other white overseers have been absolute and cruel despots. The rations of food and clothing supposed to be furnished by the government have been the source of graft that filled many @ white man’s pocket. In the schools for Indian boys and girls, the white government teachers and supervisors have regarded themselves as prison guards and many cases are on record of torture and murder of the “pupils.” ‘Then some “rugged individualist” got the idea that giving Indians rations was “robbing thein of their initiative,” so in some cases the Indians were simply kicked out of the land “given them forever.” The land was usually found to be “too valuable for Indians to have.” And they were given each a piece of poorer land and told to farm it and make their own living. Rations were depicted as “a dole’—and you know what that means. So long as farming was remotely possible with an old one-share plow and a team of horses, these Indians who were compelled to forced labor might have managed to get by somehow. But now, with their out-of-date etuipment and small pieces of poor land matched against rich farmers and corporations with lots of good land stolen from the Indians and tractor power and So on, these Indian victims of “rugged individu- alism” are simply starving to death. And if democracy” could ture it, which it can’t, the law of the white capitalist says that Incians can't vote! ‘We were reminded of all this by noticing that out in California the Pitt River Indians, who have been trying to get back lands stolen from them in 1852, and have had the case pending in the federal courts for about 25 years without any decision one way or another, have humbly petitioned the government to let them at least hire lawyers of their own choice, since the law- yers picked by the government to conduct the case against the government in their behalf do nothing year after year. But Attorney General Webb, says a Washing- ton dispatch, refuses these Indians the right to hire their own lawyer. He says that Indians have been “misled by scheming white men” and he can’t permit ’em to pick their own at» torney. ‘“Misled by scheming white men” is ees to the “Reds,” following the National Miners’ Union policy of organization, of militant resist- ance, against hunger and terror, is the only real solution, the only real help to misery, disease and terror tendered the miners by the operators that the miners. have. ‘This is the answer in the mining camps, in the mines, that the thousands of Kentucky and ‘Ten+ nessee miners, who are the Reds, will give Mra, / f a