The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 4, 1931, Page 4

v7 Published by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc, daily except Sunday, w York City, N. Address and mati all checks to the Daily Worker, 60 Kast 18th Street, New A3th St Page Four ¥.. Telephone ALgonauin 4-7956. Cable “ #IBECRIPTION RATES: Foreign: By mat) everywhere: One year, $6; six months, $3; two months, $1; excepting Boroughs of Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. one year, $8; six months, $4.50. ECONOMIC CRISIS AND. THE/|°S# oF THE a REVOLUTIONARY UPSURGE IN MANCHURIA By M. JAMES. and airplanes of © roaring and bomb- s thousands of Chinese s, the revolutionary struggle masses are also deepening um. Japanese imperial- military successes and 1s, but the the gw revolutionary move- n on the part of the »-ealled by the capitdlist press, a © workers and peasants) has taken ct 1 steadily develop until it over. alism and its Deepening Economic Crisis in Manchuria. olutionary upsurge is not, due to the Russian Bolsheviks,” but, due to which is basic 6 econom: the terrible s1 ring « fj es and consequently the revolu- iria one of Eastern Asia's greatest ewed H. Hedges, one of the corresponder It comprises the provinces of China, namely, Muk- and Kirin, with a vast terri- square miles and a popula- It is rich in all kinds of na- and has been one of the most for imperialist investments. While are penetrating into Manchu- the major part of the bone is in the mouth se imperialism, which, besides owning s interests and investments, monopo- ) per cent of trade with Manchuria. list rule in Manchuria, together with of the native capitalists, land- id militarists, has impoverished Ses. 340,000,000 30,000,000. resources tremend lizes ove becomes increasingly worse in a deepening economic crisis. The rE nt product of Manchuria is beans. t since January, 1930, the export of beans de- over 35 per cent. The price of beans fell 50 per cent. The price of some other of nearly crops fell to one-quarter of their original prices. ‘The cr: s been aggravated by the deprecia- ue of silver. Freight transporta- ased by leaps and bounds. Take the n Railway, for instance, which re than 24,000,000 yens in freight tation during 1930-31, as compared with of the previous year. The output of 1 Mines, one of the biggest in Man- churia, has been reduced to 45 per cent. The most impo! native industries, bean oil and silk, have suffered a rapid decline. In Harbin umber of Chinese bean oil fac- lared bankrupteies. Chinese busi- closed their doors in rapid suc- In Mukden, over one hundred and fifty The interweaving of the industrial and agra- rian crises has further deepened the economic crisis. As eleswifere, the burden of the crisis is La Follette’s Starvation Program (22 ID by Governor La Follette, the poli- ticians, big and small, are meeting in Madi- son at the special session of the legislature to fool the unemployed, by dropping them a few measly sops that they call relief. Governor La Follette, clever politician that he is, proposed than the Interim Committee which has been holding public hearings throughout the state for the past few months. t are the proposals of La Follette? Ac- cording to the papers, he proposed to spend $17,000,000 “to help the unemployed.” How is this “help” to be given out? (1) $6,000,000 will help reduce property taxes throughout the state ~in other words, this help will go to the prop- erty owners who ought to be taxed even higher to feed the unemployed. This move, fully ap- p y the “socialists,” is to help the small ‘s, landlords, etc., whom both the pro- and socialists are trying to base them- more” The rest of the appropriations will be to fi- nance public works, which is the forced labor scheme of Hoover, Woll, Hoan and company; $6,000,000 will be divided among the counties and cities to “give work” to the nearly 300,000 unem- ployed for a little relief, $1,000,000 for emergency fund “where it is mostly needed” (?), and $5,000,000 to be used in forestry work in Northern sconsin, where, besides the convicts of Wau- paun, unemployed young men are to be given jail work This is the great relief program of La Follette. Will it be pas: ‘The legislature has been or- ganized in such a way that the majority in the senate belong to the Hoover republicans, who will most of these sham recommendations. ‘This will save La Follette’s face. They are also talking about “compulsory Unemployment In * which, even if it is passed,.will go into t July 1, 1933. In the meantime, the un- employed can wait. Even this Groves bill will not become effective if it is passed, until private industries have established “satisfactory volun- tary systems by that time.” The bourgeois papers, regardless of their polit- ical affiliations, including the “Milwaukee Leader,” which calis itself “socialist,” present La Follette’s proposals as something revolutionary, nething novel, something unique in the United States of America. It is possible that a Follette may ask for more than the other politicians, but this is due to the pressure of the unem- ployed workers who invaded the public hearings of the Interim Committee, and who through demonstrations forced these capitalists to talk relief. We workers will not be fooled by Le Polette’s special legislature proposals, In place of these public works—forced labor schemes—of a fake Unemployment Insurance Bill which may go ‘into effect two years from today—we endorse the demands of the National Hunger March Unemployment Insurance at the full expense of the rich, $150 winter emergency relief, $50 addi- tional for each dependent. ON TO WASHING- ‘TON, D. C.| DEMONSTRATE FOR UNEM- PLOYMENT INSUR‘ VCR ON DECEMBER 71 reject mainly laid on the shoulders of the workers and peasants. Speed-up, wage-cuts, mass unemploy- ment, mass starvation and famine have been the lot of the workers in Manchuria. The middle and especially the small peasants | are subject to the joint exploitation of the im- perialists, the landlords, the militarists, the money landers and the capitalists. A poor pea- sant has to pay over 50 per cent of his crops to his landlord. Besides, he has to pay him the ‘dead rent, vear, even in times of flood and drought. peasant in order to pay these obligations and maintain his family is compelled to borrow money from the money lenders at an annual in- terest, in many cases as high as 200 per cent. Many peasants and agricultural workers desert. the farms and join the great army of the unemployed in the cities. Under these conditions, one can imagine how the poor peasant: suffers we, makes his existence almost impossible. The Revolutionary Struggles of the Manchurian Masses. Tt is on the basis of these worsening conditions that the struggles of the Manchurian workers and farmers are developing. With the leader- ship of the Chinese Communist Party and the revolutionary trade unions and peasants’ leagues, the revolutionary movement in Manchuria has been on the upsurge. The recent strike of the needle trades workers in Harbin has won a partial victory; the shoe workers have declared a big strike for better con- ditions. The railway workers of the Peking Muk- den Railway have declared a number of strikes, and have succeeded in organizing revolutionary unions. There have been formed also revolu- tionary unions in the Mukden Arsenal, in the Fushan Mines and in other industries. There have been very determined demonstrations on May 1 and August 1 in Manchuria. The pene- tration of the Communist Party into Manchuria supplies the radicalized workers with correct leadership and intensifies their struggle. ‘Together with th estryggle of the Manchurian workers, there is developing the agrarian revo- lutionary movement which is the essentia] char- acter and the most important aspect of the revo- lutionary movement in Manchuria. The agri- cultural workers have organized themselves into revolutionary unions. Many peasants’ leagues have sprung into existence. In Kirin, the peas- ants have armed themselves and fought against the army of the militarists, burned the loan contracts of the money lenders, and confiscated the crops of the landlords. The peasants near Fushan have carried on constant struggles against high rents and exorbitant taxes. Thé peasants along the Lio River have developed the move- ment of “eating at the big home,” i. @, the peasants organized as a group and marched to the homes of landlords and rich peasants, de- manding food. According to Shan Pao, Shang- hai, at the end of April there were groups of peasants, numbering from one to thtée thou- sand marching into Shonshan, Tunglio and other cities demanding food and relief. Although the agrarian revolutionary movement develops un- evenly in various parts of Manchuria, the move- ment is on the upsurgé) practically in every ag- rarian area. Struggle for the Establishment of Soviets. Although the agrarian revolution in Manchuria is comparatively behind that in southern and central China, where Sovicts have been estab- lished and strengthened, there have already been Jaid down the basis for soviets in Manchuria. Especially after the forceful invasion to Man- churia by Japanese imperialism, the Manchurian peasants under the leadership of the city pro- letariat and its vanguard, the Communist Party, have intensified their struggles, extended their guerrilla warfare against the countryside op- pressors, the militarists, and even the Japanese imperialists. . The real and only consistent force against Japanese imperialism in Manchuria is not Gen- eral Ma who, being a big landlord and a militar- ist, has capitulated to Japanese imperialism; but are the workers and the peasants of Manchuria, especially the basic broad masses of the small and middle peasants. Their guerrilla troops, whiche the imperialists are accustomed to brand as “bandits,” have been the real force that is fighting against’ Japanese imperialism. These “bandits” have even defeated the armies of Japanese imperialism néar Tsitsihar and other places. Now the Japanesé imperialists are greatly worried about the “bandits” who attack them “from behind and all around.” It was reported recently that the “bandits” had captured Yin- kow, an important port in the South Manchu- rian Railway zone controlled by the Japanese. It is because of these upsurging revolutionary struggles of the Manchurian workers and peas- ants that the American, British and other im- Perialists, despite their sharpened contradictions in Mancharia, are giving Japanese imperialism a free hand, in order to suppress the revolu- tionary movement and to prepare a military basis against the Soviet Union. It is also be- cause of this that the Japanese imperialists and the Chinese militarists are coming to an “accord” to jointly smash the struggles of the Manchu- rian workers, peasants and their troops. ‘The Manchurian peasants and their troops have been greatly strengthened by the reyolu- tionary leadership of the Communist Party. They are now struggling in the same direction as the workers and peasants in southern and central China. Japanese imperialism might be able to throw overboard the Manchurian militartsts, but it will certainly be a different matter when it comes to smashing the workers and peasants and their troops. The broad mass basis of the deepening agrarian and anti-imperialist move- ment can never be destroyed by tmperialism! Inspired by the Soviet Union and the Soviets in central and southern China, the workers and peasants in Manchuria are laying down the foundation of their Soviets and their red armies which will carry on the agrarian and anti- imperialist revolution to its completion. ‘Together with the workers and peasants in Japan, i Korea, “where the ‘bandits’ prevail,” ‘the Manchurian masses will overthrow Japenese imperialism and put an end to imperialist dom- Imation, The agrarian crisis, of Funds are still needed for the National Hunger March! Has your organization made a donation? See that tt does! that is, a big amount of crops every | The | (Se life away!” “Father, forgive them! They were fooled for fifteen years by Oxman w Vets Support the Demand for Unemployment Insurance By SOL HARPER, Member of Workers’ Ex-Servicemen’s Leazue. Aes to reports from many sections of the United States, the rank and file mem- bers of the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign ‘Wars and American Disabled Veterans are in revolt against the gag resolution denying them the payment of the balance of their bonus. At Columbus, Ohio, at the old soldiers’ home, some fifteen hundred veterans have held mass meetings, demanding the immediate payment of the “bonus.” Hundreds of these veterans have torn up their membership cards in the American Legion. In Oregon, Seattle, Washington, Minne- apolis, Buffalo, Detroit and Chicago, the veterans have organized special meetings and sent dele- gates and delegations to Washington. Hunger March Delegates. In Baltimore, Philadelphia, Newark, New Jer- sey and New York,- branches of the Workers’ Ex-Servicemen’s League have elected many dele- gates to the Unemployed Conferences, from which many delegates have been elected, sup- porting the National Hunger March to Wash- ington. The veterans understand clearly the Workers’ Unemployment Insurance Bill means relief for all worker veterans, For years, the leadership of the American Legion has betrayed the worker veterans, By all kinds of red-tape laws with all kinds of trick provisions, the boss-veteran organizations have caused tens of thousands of veterans to be dis- qualified from getting adequate disability pen- sions. Big Percentage Jobless Veterans. More than 15 per cent of all unemployed workers are veterans, according to the statement of even the Past-Commander of the American Legion. By the figures of E. ©. Babcock, capitalist agent, at the head of the American Disabled Veterans’ Association, less than: four hundred pe a DISTRICT, SECTION AND UNIT LITERATURE AGENTS See that you are supplied with the following literature: For Unemployment Work and the National Hunger March Unemployment Relief and Social Insurance 2 Fight Against Hunger................ a 8 ‘Work or Wages, by Grace M. Burnham.... 10 Social Insurance, by Grace M. Burnham., 10 Comunist Call to the Toling Farmers. - 8 Why Every Worker Should Join the Com- Munist Party ©......0-.sceseeeerseereeee, 10 ‘Those who cannot otherwise supply them- selves should write direct to Workers’ Library Publishers, P. ©. Box 148, Station D, New York City. .Workers! Join the Party of. Your Class! P. O. Box 87 Station D. New York City. Please send me more information on the Cum- munist Party. WOMB . 2. rorcccccccvcccsessesceseosvocesvoossens AMBIEN | ..ccezcccoeceevecsece veces cescusccoocese ONG nccccee cevececcoooosss BUM esevccccces Occupation AB® cece -Mall this to the Central Office, Communist Communist Party 0, 8. A. P.O, Bor 87 Station D. New York City. thousand of the million and a quarter disabled veterans are getting any compensation, “disabil- ity pension,” at all. The Workers’ Ex-Service- men’s League declares that the figures of both the American Légion and Babcock are mini- mized and that at least two million veterans are unemployed and disabled. Veterans Charged Interest. ‘The veterans are charged 4% per cent interest by the Wall Street bankers through the govern- ment to get much-needed money from their own back pay. The plight of the veterans today is terrible. Disabled veterans have been sentenced to prison,because they are unable to work, even when there is work. Graft In Compensation. In Virginia a Legion official has been recently sent. to prison for charging a veteran $10 for getting the veteran’s “pension. In New York City wholesale scandal has been exposed as a result of the criminal activities of welfare bodies. The Workers’ Ex-Servicemen’s League recently organized a demonstration of fifteen hundred veterans at City Hall against discrimination. On Oct. 29, in Washington, the League and a committee of veterans, consisting of former members of the American Legion, distributed four thousand leaflets exposing the boss veteran organizations and demanded the immediate pay- ment of their bonus and demanded Unemploy- ment Insurance for all workers, native and for- eign-born, Negro and white. A special demand was made for the immedi- ate release of Willie Peterson, disabled Negro tubercular yeteran, from prison in Birming-. -ham, Ala. White House Delegation, A delegation of three veterans, representing the enlarged delegation, outmaneuvered the Washington police and succeeded in getting into the White House, where they demanded, in the name of all unemployed worker veterans, the immediate payment of the bonus, and supported the demands for Unemployed Insurance. Conference Dec. 6. ‘The leaders of this delegation pledged other veterans that they would return to Washington on Dec. 7 and carry on the fight for immediate telief for the unemployed and for the immediate payment of the bonus. On Dec. 6, in conjunc- tion with and in support of, as well as a part of the National Hunger March delegation, there will be a special conference held to work out the demands of the World War Veterans in sup- port of Unemployment Insurance and disability compensation for disabled war veterans. The Path of Negro Reformism By WILLIAM L. PATTERSON PART II (Conclusion), In the wave of terror against the Negro mas- ses, the Negro reformists, particualrly the bour- geols wing in the leadership of the NAACP has waged a bitter attack, not upon the bloody boss inciters to mob violence and lynching, but against the militant leadership that guides the liberation struggles of the Negro masses. The class nature of the Negro bosses’ nationalism is becoming ever clearer. Despite the long record of Negroes done to death in the bosses’ determination to hold the Negro masses enslaved, these treacherous Negro lackeys try now to place the blame for Scottsboro, Camp Hill, Chicago and the ‘intensi- fying terror at the door of the Communist Party. It is not by accident that the press of-the Ku Klux Klan (Jackson County Sentinel) comment- ing on the Charleston speech of William Pickens, field secretary of the NAACP, against the Com- munists, cannot disguise its satisfaction with his position. It says that the NAACP has no prin- ciplé difference with the bloody Southern land- lord and mill bosses. On the contrary, common interests inevitably forces them to openly dis- play their unholy alliance. On the basis of this common force, Walter White, secretary of the NAACP, and Pickens have freedom of entrance into Kilby prison where the 9 innocent Scotts- boro sit facing the electric chair while the chil- dren’s parents and their legally designated rep- resentatives are barred. The NAACP gets grants of money from the white millionaires and the slimy press of the bosses praises them for their “discrimination.” ‘Viewed in the light of a defense of their common interests, the treacherous role played by the leadership of the NAAOP in Scottsboro, Camp Hill, Chicago and in the case of Willie Peterson is not difficult to understand. In the Peterson case, it even Joined with the white bosses in creating a reward for the capture of the Negro worker when all evidence pointed to the com- mission of the crime by a white man. ‘The crisis and the upsurge of the liberation struggle of the Negro masses has exposed the role of the Negro bourgeois intellectuals. They seek to head the struggle of the Negro masses only to behead it, A revolutionary struggle means for the Negro and white workers a struggle against “Negro ghetto nationalism.” But the ghetto 1s the only source of profits for the Negro bourgeoisie, It is absurd to think that they can lead a struggle against their own interests. Their shameless double-dealing in support of Jim Crow YMCA's, Jim Crow apartments, hotels, hospitals, etc., can leave no doubt as to their position, ‘Theirs is a shameless path but a logical one and historically determined to save their profits, there is no depth to which they will not sink. papel in aa ia ae ee at the Congress Anti-Imperialist League, Wm. Pickens bad ehown himself the tool of. world imperialism. There he shamelessly announced that in his opinion (his master’s, as well) the withdrawal of armed forces of British imperial- ism from Africa would be disastrous to the na- tive masses. The internationalism of Negro reformism and its value to world imperialism is clear . The African Negro reformists echo Mr. Pickens, Now he sinks to lower levels. In order to bet- ter befool those elements who retain faith in the “struggles” of the NAACP in the interests of the Negro masses, he endorsed the defense of the 9 Scottsboro boys by the International Labor De- fense. He moved then to the position that al- though the action of the ILD was good, the NA- ACP is the logical organization to lead such a defense. From there to a vicious slanderous at- he took. It it any wonder that even the Ku Klux Klan class can recognize this “friend” of the Negro masses as one of its own. His next step was to hold that the Commun- ists are seeking the death of the Scottsboro boys in order to make of it a new Sacco and Van- zetti case. This “running dog” of the bloody landlords and the mill bosses has taken this step “gracefully.” Truly this servant is worthy of. his master’s hire. ‘The Negro misleaders can no longer turn the tide of the emancipatory struggles of the Negro Masses into reactionary channels by cries of “racial solidarity” and slander of the revolu- tionary leadership. The power of mass pressure was concretely demonstrated to them in,Chicago when Mayor Cermak, tool of the power interests, was forced to stop the issuance of eviction or- ders of unemployed workers. It was further dem- onstrated when the city manager of Cleveland after the massacre there granted many of the immediate demands of the united Negro and white, employed and unemployed workers. The Negro masses are being set in motion. ‘They are the main reserves of the American rev- olution. The preaching of preparation for mass economic and political struggles, of preparation and organization of strikes, of mass action by the unemployed is particularly important and urgent. The Negro masses must be drawn into the ranks of the Unemployed Councils, the rev- olutionary Trade Union, the League of Struggle for Negro Rights, and most important of all, into the ranks of the Communist Party. ‘We demand the right of self-determination for the Negro masses in the Black Belt where they constitute the majority of the population! Down with the Jim Crow lynch policy of the bosses and their government! Equal pay for equal work for Negro workers! ‘These slogans must and can mobilize the Ne- gro masses under. the leadership’ of the Negro and white proletariat for the revolutionary: over- tack upon the ILD was the next logical ‘step | “Terry © Rleseunt up of cotteny® \ w neet anced A Busy Bunch Is the Federal Council of Churches. - nm recent bulletin it announces that it has takes up “Unemployment Relief” and then dives heade long into the following “A few emergency undertakings of the Couns cil IN ADDITION to its regular work in Come ity, KVangelism, Kesearch, Kducation, Social Service, Race Relations, Religions Publicity, Ine ternational Justice, World Friendship, Mercy and Relief and Goodwill between Races and Creeds.” Really, we think that this is too much for good brethren. Such an Atlas load would better removed from their shouldets by overs throwing capitalism so they might not have to rush hither and yon applying plasters to the scrofulous loins of capitalism. What good, for example, would a Federal Council.of Churches campaign for “Comity” do in the Soviet Union? The workers and peasants, even if they knew wi ‘ would have no special use for it. They have barrels and barrels their own brand. Out of ordinary pity for the overworked preachers of America, we'll have to overthrow capitaHam, Who Joined Whom? a On page 3, of the N. Y. Times of Nov. 30, there is a dispatch from Chicago supposedly telling what happened at Hammond, Indiana, when the Police attacked the National Hunger March del- egates. Listen to this portion “The police chatged, using their clubs freely. Some of the citizens joined the Communists (1) in the fight, but the majority sided with the police.” Now read an account of the same affair sent by the International News Service (Hearst) and published in the N. Y. American of Nov. 30, page 1: “Hammond townspeople who had joined the marchers joined in the general disturbance, some siding with police and many more with the invaders.” ‘The question that arises, is: which capitalist press service is. lying? The answer is: Both. This is evident on the face of things. Even the Hearst press, which is the nearest the truth in regards to who joined whom, starts off by admitting that the Hammond “townpeople” had “joined the marchers.” Then it expects readers to believe that some of these same identical “townspeople” turned about face and fought the marchers. As to the Time’s account—well, what do you expect of the Times? You Must Support the Goy-' ernment! Now you workers who have been wonderin; what to eat, should be comforted. The UV. Government has settled it. In one of the press services sent out from Washington and published in the N. Y. Times of Sunday, Nov. 29, there is an official statement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture that tells you what to eat. Unemployed workers and part-time workers, should take great care in seeing that they get this menu of foods recommended by the govern- ment. In fact jobless workers should insist vigorously that the so-called “relief” handed out to them should come up to this minimum living condition specified by the government: “At every meal: milk for children, bread for all, “Every day: Cereal in porridge, potatoes, oranges or tomatoes for children, a green or yellow vegetable, a fruit or additional vege~ table; milk for all. “Two to four times a week: Tomatoes for all; dried beans and peas or peanuts; eges, especially for children; lean meat, fish or poul- try or cheese.” All that remains to do is to GET IT! Figure out the amount necessary to furnish all these very reasonable foods to your family for a week. ‘Then insist on getting it, you jobless workers! Organize Block Committees to see that local “charity” organizations furnish this Government ration to every unemployed family. Take this menu up in the Unemployed Council and see that the U. 8, Govetnment standard is main- tained. We've gotta support the Government, and this is a swell place to start! ey se * A Very Pleasant Gentleman Frequently some of the worst liars about th» Soviet Union, usually some White Guard refugee, invents hair-raising yarns about how the awful Gaypayoo gets a personal enjoyment out of ex- ecuting somebody. This is getting to be old stuff and nobody uses this much any more but the Trotzkyists, who customarily introduce the subject by addressing Comrade Stalin with the question: “Where is My Wandering Boy”? Or: “What Have You Done With Comrade X”? ¥Fol~ lowed by terrifying inferences. But for downright mercenary cold-bloodedness we introduce a character written up in the Trib- une of New Orleans (Nov. 20), which shows that only capitalism can produce such exquisite per- sonalities: “A small, weazened old man, attired in a neat blue suit and white shirt, walked into police headquarters last night, his green eyes peering anxiously about him. Finally he found three or four police heads and went to them with a business-like air. “*This depression is awful,” he said, ‘tm hard up now, and I'd like to earn some for » I sure would appreciate it if you boys would help me out.’ “ ‘How?’ “‘Well, there’s about six or eight men sem _ tenced to be hanged in the Parish prison. If you could get them hanged before Christmas it would surely help me out.’ “The! old man shook his head: ‘I got’ a bad break the other day when the Supreme Court gave Peter Rodosta a new trial. I thought sure Yd get him’ Then his face lighted up: ‘But I got a good break when the jury convicted that Negro for killing Chief of Detective Shoe- maker of the Baton Rouge force. They're going to sentence him Friday to hang.’ “He smiled, and became boastful as he thought of his part: “‘Hangmen ought to be grateful to me, Tm responsible for the high price for a hanging. It’s up to $125, “He coughed: ‘Well, I'll be going, but don't ~ forget. Do me that favor, boys!’ % set tng Hangman walked out, with his gentle business- air, to the Parish prison, where o Hesmed ey of ctl’ or -pepena reer Hm