The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 14, 1931, Page 4

Page Four ; b and mail a by the Comprodaily Publishing Co. t, New Yc all checke to the D: W r, 50 Hast 15th S Tne daily except Sun WHAT HAPPENED IN CHILE out the e control revolutionary upsurge threw Ibanez on Jul ught for a revolutionary ong the 1 of the Com- y on the h to provide r confiscation of the large es, confiscation of imperialist en- and the driving of the imperialists out e masses of Valparaiso, San- bo were demon: in the landed terprises of Ch tiago toiling 3 enthu the leader sie and landlords, m, especially mobilized their The mutiny was The panic with the a blood bath. Hun- were forced into sub- government of Chile is now proceeding with a wholesale massacre of ers who took part in the proletarian rebellion The ca for the up! ng their expla ion in specific conditions—both objective and subjective—the gener: charac- teristics of which are common to all the Latin tries. In Latin America the revo- growing with increasing equent coup d’etats of the op- the exploiting classes (which is, the desire to e of the toiling masses under rship and from the sharpening ne rival imperialisms) are begin- in Chile finds he tempo. posing factions result from the deepening cri forestall th struggles of ing to be accompanied with militant mass movements and uprisings of the workers, the toiling peas y and the poor poulation of the cities influenced and directed in various degrees, by the Communist Parties. The deep economic and agrarian crisis, which hits with particular force the Latin American countries, is now accompanied with the begin- ing of a financial crisis. Chile is already show- ing the devastat effects of the financial crisi: It is, relatively speaking, the foremost country of Latin America that feels most the crushing burden of the huge loans invested by American and British bankers, the enormous interests of w n the Chilean bourgeoisie is unable to account for. Under the bloody Dictator Ibanez, Chile’s raw materials swiftly passed under the control of the United States bankers headed by Guggen- heim. United States investments in Chile amount to $600,000,000. The reorganization of the nitrate and copper mines through the system of rationalization in- troduced by Guggenheim deprived 30,000 workers of their jobs. The national revenue of the goy- ernment suffered a deep slash with the organ- ization of the nitrate trust known under the name of Cosach. In vain had President Ibanez sought to ob- tain new loans f Wall Street in order to avert the neial debacle. Four of his finan- cial Minis succeeded one another until finally, self was swept out of the office under the rising pressure of the masses. Wall Street, that had no binding contract with Ibanez, saw the dangerous manoeuvres of British im- Perialism which was and is trying to take ad- vantage of the chaos in ored to regain its po- litical hegemony over the national bourgeoisie, withdrew its support thanks to which Ibanez was able to install since 1927 one of the most Tuthless fascist dictatorships in Latin America. ~The Communist Party in the The Chilean bourgeoisie which is attached to the charriot of imperialism, especially yankee imperialism has been the spokesman for Latin America, the Anti-Soviet front. Minister Barrett has been rticularly active in the cam- against the Soviet Union, the ie, landlor and the im- upon the worki s and the toiling peas- antry in their efforts to put upon them the en- tire burden of the crisis. AS a re that, there has been a deep go- ing radica ion of the masses in Chile. The Communi! y and the Chilean Federation of Labor which, previous to Ibanez's dictator- ship were the militant leaders of wide masses of the oppressed people, were able recently to recover 1com the savage blows pounded upon them during the five dreadful years of fascism. ine working class of Chile which has a long history of militancy of class struggle is now gathering nguh and under the leadership of the Commu Party, it made the first at- its s tempt to give a revolutionary solution to the present The present revolutionary upsurge of the masses counts with new elements that increase and brighten spectives of the growi! prerequisites of a revolutionary situ- ation in Chile. ‘Vhis is the increasing partici- pation of the Indian workers and peasants in the revolutionary for their social and national ‘demands aiming to overthrow the ‘spe- cial conditions of national and social oppression under which they live. But the Communist Party of Chile, in order to reach the pr t undisputable leadership over the broad masses of the people, was com- pelled to rid itself of the opportunist elements that for years have eaten the very vitalities of Party and deprived it of a militant leader- ip. This the Communist Party was able to do by purging its ranks of alien elements and by exposing the renegade Hidalgo who now defi- nitely aligned himself with groups of landlords, and petty bourgeois chieftains playing the games of British imperialism in Chile. sent to the Senate by the popular vote of the proletariat of Antofagasta, has betrayed the workers. He voted for a bill introduced in the Senate which provides for spe- cial repressive laws against the workers “for the security of the state.” He flatly refused the in- ictions of the Party to speak against the fascist bill. His insidious petty bourgeois ac- tivities within the Party were expressed in the “re-establishment of bourgeois democracy” in Chile, as “the first step for the struggle for a communist revoluti His present counter- volutionary ai ities through his participation in the bourgeois opposition fully confirmed the healthy attitude taken by the Party that with the help of the South American buro of the Communist Party, expelled this pernicious, anti- working class element from the Party. The Communist Party of Chile guided by the correct line of the independent revolutionary ac- tion of the working class was able to give lead- ership to the present upysing. The ruthless crushing of the uprising is un- doubtedly rich with lessons and experiences for the Communist Party and the revolutionary pro- letariat. We are not, at present, in a position to analyze the shortcomings of the Party which led to the temporary defeat, lessons that can also be of great value to the American Party. But there n urgent and immediate task that faces the unist Party of the United States and the lutionary workers of this country. Our revo- lutionary duty is to fight for the immediate free- dom of the workers who took part in the upris- ing and who face an imminent death in the hands of the hangmen of American imperialism. The Chilean workers are now engaged in big strikes for the betterment of their conditions, against the fascist terror, for immediate relief to the unemployment, against wage-cuts and speed- up, ete The Chilean bourgeoisie is unable to find a solution to the deepening crisis. New class bat- tles are pending. Our brothers in Chile are en- gaged in struggles for national liberation and from capitalist and landlord exploitation. Demand the immediate freedom of the red sailors, soldiers and workers. Down with the butchers of the Chilean people! Down with American imperialism! Long live the struggles of the workers and peasan's of Chile! Hidalgo, who was North Little Rock Elections IN North Little Rock, Arkansas, Comrade D. Zini is running for Mayor as the candidate of the Communist Party. As part of the regu- lar capitalist oppression the bosses have refused to let Comrade Zini’s name appear on the ballot. On election day, however, hundreds of workers in North Little Rock will go to the polls and write in the name of Comrade Zini, the candi- date of the Communist Party, the only party of the working class. The capitalist class in the territory has be- come frightened by the readiness the workers have shown to follow the program of the Com- munist Party in the city. The fear of the capi- talists is best seen from the following report taken from one of the capitalist sheets of Little Rock: “A serious threat in North Little Rock is seen by city officials in the candidacy for mayor of Dominick Zini, avowed Communist. Under the guise of a mayoralty campaign, Zini is said to be broadcasting the doctrines of Communism 4nd revelution and attempting to enlist recruits. “City and county officials are at a loss to fletermine what steps they may take legally to prevent him from broadcasting the Red doc- trines. Under existing election laws, Zini is at liberty to conduct a campaign for election to the mayor's office, which calls for the holding of political rallies and cperation of a campaign headquarters from which political literature hay be distributed. “Zini’s candidacy at first was considered some- thing of a joke, but with his open spreading of Sommunism Zini's role in the campaign has as- fumed a more serious aspect. “Zini's headquarters at 405 Main Street have wen open throughout the day and well into he night for the past three days. On the win- fow is painted the following’ sign: “Vote for ism and Plenty Against Capitalism tion. D, Zini for Mayor, Workers’ Inside the Communist’s followers Jandidate.” {t et a table from which literature is distributed 9 those who request tt, The number of men ho call <cv and receive the literature is by no tums <3 small as might be expecied, Almost as many visitors may be found daily at Zini’s headquarters as are seen at the headquarters of other mayoralty candidates in the race. “Publications of the Communist Party, con- taining accounts of demonstrations throughout | the country and other articles telling of oppres- sion by the “bosses” are much in eyidence at Zini’s headquarters. Conspicuous among these publications is the Daily Worker, official organ of the Communist Party. A piece of printed propaganda being distributed yesterday con- tained the caption, “Revolutionary Greetings.” On the front page of the pamphlet was a pic- ture of Lenin, Printed matter in the pamphlet included such statements as “we greet you in the name of the thousands of fighting Commu- nists in America”; “we greet you in the name of Russian Bolsheviks, whose example you are pledged to follow”; “we greet you in the name of those comrades whom the murderously brutal capitalist police have killed on the picket line and in workers’ demonstrations”; “we greet you as one who steps into the ranks of revolution- ists to finish with us what they died for, the Proletarian Revolution.” The program of the Communist Party in the mayoralty elections in the city which is at- tracting the masses of the workers is as fol- lows: 1, Unemployment insurance of $15.00 per person per week and $3.00 per week for every dependent. 2, Community funds and funds of charity organizations intended for the unemployed and the poor to be turned over to a committee selected by the workers, 3. No evictions of the unemployed for non- payment of rent. 4, Fifty per cent reduction in rent. 5. Free gas, lights and water for the unem- ployed. 6. Free mea:; and car-fare for the school children and milk for the babies of the un- employed. 7. All publie buildings and vacant houses to be thrown open to the homeless and jobless free of xen Clean beds be provided, and wax ————$——_—__—_—~L TE LL AA AAA AAA AA day, at 50 East “DAIWCRK.” New York, N. ¥. By L. MAGYAR UCH a flood disaster that which has over- taken the Yangtse valley has never been ex- perienced before in world history. It is not known exactly whether 60 or 80 million toilers have been affected by this catastrophe; only rough estimates are to hand regarding the extent of the disaster. Sixteen provinces are involved. South China has also suffered tremendous dam- age. But the flood disaster has caused the great- est. ravages in the valley of the Yang-tse-kiang and of the Yellow River. The second largest in- dustrial centre, and perhaps also the second largest town in the country, Hankow, is under water, Indescribable tragedies are’ taking place there. Electric cables, water pipes, industrial undertakings—all are destroyed. Houses are collapsing daily. Thousands Of corpses have been swept away by the streams. The whole of the Yangtsekiang has become a huge sea, miles broad, sweeping everything before it. The poor quarter in Nanking is under water. In the valley of the Yellow river, Kaifeng has suffered the most, The western part of Anhwei is also under water. In addition, the dams of ihe tributaries of the Yangtsekiang and the Yellow river have collapsed. The damage caused there is not known up to the present. The rice harvest in Central China, the wheat haryest in the valley of the Yellow river are destroyed. In an area in which about 60 to 80 million people live, the peasant has sown but he reaps nothing. Sixty to eighty million people are as good as handed over to death from starvation. Such a tragedy is unprecedented even in the history of China, which is so rich in famine disasters. From year to year these tragedies have been re- peated on a larger scale: In 1927 nine million, in 1928 thirty-four million, in 1929 fifty-seven mil- lion, and in 1930 thirty million people were a Build Your Foundation First ee one of the difficulties in forming Daily Worker Clubs is having too grand and glorious ideas about what they should he right away quick. If there are, let’s say, 2,000 Daily Worker readers in—well, we will be charitable and not mention names—in, let’s say, Scappoose, Oregon, and the Daily Worker Agent there calls you in from all sections of that great city to one great big mass meeting and tells you that now you are to consider yourselves organized in a Daily Worker Club, you jast up and tell him that he is rushing things too fast. Of course, if 2,000 or any fair per cent of you actually get together, even sort of jammed together hurriedly like that, still a good deal can be accomplished. Providing, however, that rooms. 8. No discrimination against Negro workers. Negro workers to be hired on equal basis with white. Equal relief for Negro’ workers and their families. 9. For repeal of all vagrancy laws. 10. Relief funds to be provided by an out- right appropriation of $200,000 to start unem- ployment relief immediately, and by a graduated « tax on corporations and individual properties over $10,000 and by a graduated tax on all in- comes over $5,000. 11. Workers to call a city conference to elect an Unemployment Conference to elect an Un- employment Insurance Commission, composed of employed and unemployed workers to super- vise relief work. 12, Prohibit public utilities from charging a monthly fee for the use of their meters, 13. Public utility reces to be reduced from their present exorbitant level. 14. All city funds deposited in banks to be secured by requiring principal stockholders to give first mortgages on their holdings in the city of Little Rock and North Little Rock. 15. All salaries of city officials and employees to be reduced to $1,800 per year and all saved by this cut to be used for unemployment relief. 16. No city employees to work over eight hours. 17. All workers who are partly employed re- celving less than the amount allotted to unem- ployed workers, are to receive the diffeyencg feom the fund ler the upemplayed ee [ : of BUBSCRIPTION RATES: New York City. Foreign: one year, ay By mat: everywhere: One year, $6; six months, $3; two months, $1; excepting Boroughs Manhattan and Bronx, $8; six months, $4.50. . By BURCK prey to famine and in 1931 sixty to cighty million are faced with death from starvation. Even such god-fearing missionaries who do not wish to agi- tate against the imperialist robber-campaigns and the bloody rule of the Kuomintang are com- pelled to recognie that from 1928 to 1930, in the three northwest provinces of China alone, about eight to ten million people died of starvation. The province of Kiangsu has lost half of its population. Three successive years China was visited by drought. This year it is the victim of unprecedented floods. China needs help! The imperialists will not give help. The United States intend to place fifteen million bushels of wheat of the enormous store in the hands of the Farm Board, at the disposal of China by way of joan. This will suffice to provide every starv- fg person with 4 to 5 kilograms of wheat, and @is only in return for payment. Nor will the Waling class. of China help. The Kuomintang government, which annually squanders hundreds of millions on wars of the generals, the govern- ment of the Chinese capitalists and landlords intends to grant 10 million Chinese dollars for the purpose of “ameliorating the misery”. That is to say, every. victim will receive about three halfpence in “relief”. Only the working people of the whole world can aid their Chinese broth- ers in their need! * | -@i 36 The agents of the imperialists, the ideologists of the Chinese counter-revolution, the petty bourgeois charlatans, the missionaries declare: it is a disaster due to natural agency. Is it really so? Is it a purely natural disaster? No, a thou- sand times no. What has occurred in China in this respect in the last few yearsyis only the re- sult of the explc’tation of the country by the im- perialist robbers, by the militarists, landlords, usurers and capitalists. In the last decade there FROM EDITOR TO READER the comrade who got you to the meeting doesn’t spoil everything by having a lecturer speechify you to death about the revolutionary situation in Patagonia and forget that it is your meet- ing and the purpose of it is to form Daily Work- er Clubs. There have been two or three such mishandled meetings, and they weren’t in Scap- poose, Oregon, either! The formation of D. W. Clubs should ordi- narily not start off from such big meetings, cov- ering an entire great city and hundreds of our readers. It is much better to begin with small areas, neighborhoods, sections—yes, and in in- dividual shops and factories. No doubt we were to blame for not stressing this before, this be- ginning at the bottom, although we mentioned the insufficiency of big meetings. Later on big meetings are all right, as a de- velopment. But what .we want first and fore- most is that you, each individual reader’ who likes the Daily Worker, to get two or three—or @ dozen—of your shop-mates or your neighbors interested in the paper and what it says, even. though they are not all as interested as you are. Many of our present clubs have been formed just that way. And you may call your little group a Daily Worker Club or a Daily. Worker Circle or not call it anything at all, so long as you bt‘ld up a little group that likes the Daily and feels that without it something would be missing in their life. In small towns and in shops such little groups are fairly easy to form, and when they really “take shape” and the workers in them begin to form and express their ideas about the paper, its weak points and strong points, their criti- cisms and suggestions should be sent us: we value this. U ‘ In large cities, there is still no reason why the same general method should not be used— in fact it is the best method to begin with. But in the big cities where the Daily Worker Agent is—or should be—pretty well in touch with sub- seribers and readers in the different sections of town, with his assistance the individual readers in a particular section and any of these small groups formed around the individual reader, may be got together in a place easily reached by anyone in that section, and a sizable, yet not an unwieldy, D. W. Club be formed in the neighborhood or secttcn. After such .develop- memtt in two or more sections, then a city-wide “blow-out” may be held, which will help greatly have been only two good harvests, two normal years in the Northwest and northern districts; in other years there has been an uninterrupted chain of drought and floods. This is due to the fact that China has been denuded of forests. Even bourgeois experts for decades pointed out that the unexampled deforestation would be bound to lead to ever fresh disasters. And in spite of this deforestation still proceeded. Nothing was done in order to safeguard the country against these disasters. Individual peas- ants and villages are quite unable to carry out such reforestation. This is a task which must be carried out by the state. The state, the govern- ment, the ruling class, however, have not done anything in this respect, but have ruthlessly cut down the few remaining forests. This has led to a disastrous irregularity of climate, so that from one year to another China is visited by floods and droughts. In Shantung, in Ciautchou, the Germans in their time commenced affor- estation, as a result of which the climate of these districts was greatly improved and normalized. Now the last trees are being felled in Shantung. This is one of the causes of the gigantic disaster which we are now witnessing. The history of China is a record of uninter- rupted heroic fight of the toilers against the danger of inundation. In the history of the ex- ploitation of the Chinese workers the erection of dams against floods has played a tremendous role, The oriental despotism of the Chinese rul- ing classes mobilized millions and millions of peasants in order to erect and keep in repair the gigantic dams against inundation from the Yellow river and the Yangtsekiang. For decades however, these gigantic works have been allowed to fall out of repair; nothing has been done to maintain them. The Nanking government is cer- tainly not a central government. The militarists, who rule in the provinces, likewise do not bother about maintaining the dams; all their thoughts are directed to squeezing taxes out of the people, to taxation, usury, land robbery and wars. The pokicy of the imperialists has still further fn- creased the feudal dismemberment of the coun- try and the constant wars of the militarists. In- dividual peasant undertakings, individual vil- lages are not in a position to control the whole river system. Thus it came that the old irriga~ tion system decayed, and therewith there dis- appeared more and more the preconditions for agricultural production in the big districts of China. Thus it came about that the dams of the Yellow river and of the Yangtsekiang began to crack, For years the most prominent experts of China predicted that a disaster would occur if the dams were not repaired. Nothing was done. Thus the catastrophe came, which is not an ele- mentary catastrophe but a catastrophe resulting from the exploitation of the country by the im- perialists and the Chinese exploiters. Immediately before the terrible catastrophe in the valley of the Yellow river and of the Yang- tsekiang a number of generals’ wars took place in China as well as various campaigns by Chiang Kai-shek against the Chinese Soviet districts. If these huge sums expended on these campaigns and wars and the huge armies had been em- ployed in repairing the defective dams, such a gigantic inundation would not have taken place, or at any rate not on such a scale. In order to prevent any further wars of intervention it is necessary to annihilate the rule of the Kuomin- tang and their militarist agents, it is necessary to destroy the rule of the imperialists in “hina. The victorious Soviet revolution in China will see to it that by proper afforestation, by the ezec- tion of strong dams; by the restoration of the irrigation system the country is preserved from «ny further famine disasters, Once again hundreds of thousands of human lives have been destroyed owing to the robber rue of the imperialists and Chinese counter-rev- olutionaries. Sixty to eighty millions are faced with death from starvation. The Chinese workers and poor and middle peasants will, under the hegemony of the proletariat and under the lead- ership of the courageous Chinese Communist Party, put an end to the barbarous order of so- ciety which renders such tragedies possible. At present, however, immediate help is necessary. Millions are waiting for help. The imperialists and the Chinese ruling classes are not likely to help. The toilers of the whole world alone must seek to alleviate the misery of their Chinese ! class brothers by means of an immediate and mmaagolis galleciirg campaign, ‘ , ‘ ——=s Conducted by the Org. Dept. Central Com- mittee, Communist Party, U. S. A. Our Shop Papers cod By E. 8. ' At the end of July we had about 22 to 25 shop papers with approximately 30,000 circulae tion; this being a conservative estimate, soon we will have the exact. figures on this point, These papers are located in the most basic ine dustries in the country, such as metal (steel, etc.), automobile, mines, stock yards, ships, raile roads, and only a small percentage of them in less important industries such as needle trades, ete. This number of shop papers must be greatly increased in order to really make the fundae mental turn to factory work, as decided upon by the 13th Plenum of our Party. Furthermore, the small number of shop papers reflect our weakness in shop work generally. The 13th Plenum has stressed the need of this work in our day to day activity of the Party. It has pointed out that speeches and articles, no mate ter how good these are, will not accomplish this work, Only persistent day to day detailed ace tivity in the shops, mines, and railroads, etc, will entrench our Party, and root it in the depths of the working class of the U. S. A. Our shop papers play an important role in building our Party in the places of work—wheré the worker spends the best part of his life; comes in actual contact with the rule of the money bags; learns by his own experiences what it means to be bitterly exploited for the profits of the boss; comes in conflict with the employer on this basis, and takes up the struggle against this exploitation, for better conditions. The issuing of shop papers not only is es- sential to the developing of our Party as a mass Party by rooting it in the shops and factories, but also to the work of the nucleus and com- rades engaged in shop work. In this work the central office of our Party gives, and is in a position to give, detailed instruction and help, to the nucleus engaged in shop activities and in issuing of shop papers. In shop activities the need for ground work, the need for detailed work is most essential. “General” directives, circular letters are of no avail here. Every shop, every mine, every work place has its own thousand-fold complex prob- lems—how to start and how to continue carry= ing on this work, In shop paper work, therefore, the central office of our Party has entirely done away with these “general” directives and instruction. Every single paper, as soon as it reaches the central office (unless some special reason prevents it), is being reviewed and a copy sent to the nucleus issuing this paper and the district agitprop de- partment. In this “review” we take up with the nucleus issuing the paper the most detailed problems dealt with in the shop paper, and those that the paper fails to take up We tackle the question of the so-called “art of writing” in so far as to help the comrades express them- selves in an understandable manner, so that the writing brings the desired results. But this is the least we take up in these “reviews.” ‘What we tackle most in these reviews are just these “little” things that comrades usually for- get when they deal with “big” problems: How to utilize “little” grievances and complaints of the workers to gain better working and living conditions in the shop of department and how to build an organization in the shop; how to develop these struggles right in the given shop, the methods to be used—the building of griev- ance committees in a given department or in the shop; slogans to be issued, and how to de- velop struggles around these slogans—putting the slogans into action; how to link up our “gen- eral” problems (such as unemployment, war, defense of the Soviet Union, foreign born, etc.). with immediate shop problems and demands, and how to get these workers to fight for these “general” demands on the basis of their own shop needs and demands, thus furthering both— the “general” problem campaign, and the work- ers’ own shop needs; the question of distribu- tion of the paper; the building of the nucleus; the popularizing and selling of our literature, all these “little” details are dealt with in our “re- views” to the individual shop papers and dis- tricts. Experience has shown that those shop papers coming out regularly every month have, thanks to this detailed guidance and help on the part of our Party’s central office, greatly improved in their quality. We have some shop papers that have already raised a good many shop issues; some of them who have even succeeded in organizing department grievance committees and presented their demands before the man- agement; some papers which have really estabe lished themselves in those work-piaces where they appear, as organs of the workers. Of course our greatest shortcoming in this work still remains: our comrades in the shops do not as yet understand how to do organiza- tional work there. We can even tell of cases where grievance committees were elected by the workers; these committees presented their de- mands to the employers, but our. comrades in the shop did not know how to continue this work—and the whole thing went to pieces, To overcome this wealmess is one of our greatest tasks. ‘We can develop good shop work and shop or- ganization jf we set seriously to this task, and pay special attention to the minutest details in © this work. That the number of shop papers can and must be greatly increased if we mean to build our Party where it must be built—in the shops, mines, railroads, etc. That those nuclei issuing shop papers have enabled the cen= tral office to give them concrete detailed guid- ance and leadership in their shop work; that this help on the part of the central office has greatly helped these nuclei in their shop ac- tivity and shop paper work; and that each and every unit of our Party must immediately start shop work—build a nucleus, issue a shop paper —and get the help in this work on the part of the central office—this help that many units already got. Of course the units must not wait till they issue the shop papevs and then first start to get this help. Every nucleus should write to the central office, present concrete shop prob- Jems, problems in shop organization, ete. and the central office will help you start your work and the issuing of shop papers. The same thing applies to our work on the country-side—farms, fields and sheds. But on this some other time. Comrades engaged in shop work and in issu- ing of shop papers, should write to the central office, to Party Life, and give their experiences in this work, so that other districts may profit and be helped in their work by these exper- jences, and help the Central Office learn about these problems, so that we can help you in worke, ing them out :