The Daily Worker Newspaper, February 11, 1931, Page 3

| delegation entered the visitors’ gallery | | at 12 noon. Many were not admitted | knecht, Sam Nesin, Sol Harper, Negro | sergeant at arms but to demand the | floor of Congress to read the state- DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY Al, 1931 Page ‘'hree McKeesport Negro Section Scene o Great Misery and Starvation; Workers All Say “Something Must Be Done Now” White Wortsers to Aid i ranch; Call for Unity Negro Workers Ready to Fight By Side of White Workers Comrade Editor: “If anyone thinks that the paradise let then’ reat this arti Mariy Négio-families ‘liv Keesport on Jerome St. I went in one house. Ther burning wet paper so the fire wouldn't go out. Four children, hungry and no shoes on their feet. No gas, no light, not even an oil lamp to look at each othe T gave the oldest one a leaflet for > Feb. 10 demonstration. He read it and asked me a question. Said why is it that there is a crisis in a tich | country and why do the Negroes, suf- fer the most. After I gave him an answer and explained the neéd of the Negro and white workers to unite he promised to be at the demon- stration. Another’ house I went to where seven at the table were eating—seven of them eating four potatoes, I| couldn’t “beliéve it, for their plates were half full. | The mother said she smashed the Potatoes up and got some flour to’ Bad Conditions In Great Laundry In Brooklyn Brooklyn, N. ¥. Daily Worker:— The conditions of the Great Laundry Wet Wash forty women workers are miserable. The wages are as low as $12-13 a week work- ing from 8 to 5:30 with one-half hour for lunch. The laundry place is not fit for humans, ; The men drivers get $33 a week and work G days a week. A>wage cut of 10 per cent took Place a week ago. Old workers are being fired every Wage Cuts In Daily Worker: Bellville, Il. Just a few lines to let you know how things are in this vicinity. The mines are working from one to three | days a week. The foundry laborers accepted a 12 1-2 per cent cut and n Establishing L.S.N.R. for Cash Relief McKeesport, Pa. Negroes in McKeesport live in cle- m the poorest section of Mc- e was six sitting around a stove r starving. | thicken it so everyone would have, | little to eat, The kitchen was so small that if, anyone else tried to enter he couldn't. | Many Negroes are unemployed and ; not only on Jerome St. but in the | first and third wards also, | ‘They all say something must be } done. You don’t have to talk to them | long about the need of organization. Steps have been taken to organize the L. S. N. R. in McKeesport. | ‘Those that weren’t visited can join | at 1134 Locust St., Workers’ Club. —F. i. time and new workers are being teken on at less than.$12 and if a worker is not contented the fore- man Miller tells them they can go. He is worse than the boss, and is mean to the girls. If you get sick you are not sure of getting your place back. A punching clock was put on the wall and each man and woman must punch the card. It means mere slavery for every one. The dressing room where the | girls have to dress or undress ‘has no air, no windows and is dirty. | —B. F. Bolleville, Mil. | the foundries are doing very poor. The Knapp Monarch electricity ap- pliance company were paying their men 50 cents an hour, They cut their wages to 35 cents an hour. —C. 8. SPEAKER LONGIVORTH SAYS HE'S INSULTED BY JOBLESS DELEGATION _ (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE) were refused the right to speak and} were forcibly ejected from the Capitol | Building. At the morning session of the con- ferences of the 140 delegates it was decided to divide the delegation into | two sections, A delegation of 15 was | sent to visit the House to demand | the floor, and the larger delegation | went to the visitors’ gallery. The large because they were not “dressed prop- erly”—they were unemployed workers poorly clothed, Others were refused admittance because they were sus- pected of being “Communists.” The delegation of 15 went to the House at one o’clock‘in the afterncon and were met on the capitol grounds by a large police force and by secret service men. The officers told the delegation to go to the office of the seargent of arms of the house. The delegates were escorted there by a large cordon of police, inside of the espitol building. Some dressed as Workers were not admitted. ‘The sergeant of arms informed the delegation he would receiye whatever petition they had. ‘The spokesmen for the delegation, Alfred Wagen- ex-serviceman and Lilly May West, Negro unemployed woman, said they had no petition hut had proposals and a demand for, unemployment. insur- ance, {‘We,represent over. 1,400,000, workers who voted for the Workers’ Unemployment Insurance Bill,” they stated. “We did not come to see the ment and the.proposals for relief by the Federal Government.” The sergeant at arms stated no one ever got the floor of the Congress, it was only for Congressmen. The delegation replied: that the-president and Congress had been sent letter: addressingCongress “dnd dettinding the right to present, the demands of | the 10,000,000 unemployed. The serge- | ant at arms answered that Congress honors only. distinguished visitors by adjourning for half an hour. “The delegation representing the | workers to speak in the name of 10,- man,” said the delegation, “as well as | any sc-called “distinguished visitor.” Then the sergeant of arms was_told that the delegation demanded to ‘see | Speaker Longworth of the house, and | that it do not want to carry on any further conversations with the ser-j| geant at arms. | Agents of insurgent senators, re-| publicans and democrats, who wanted | to use the delegation for their own political capital, spoke up saying the delegation should come to the senate, where they would get a hearing from the senate. Then Congressman Beatty of Maine spoke up, seemingly as an agent of Speaker Longworth, saying: “If you are orderly we can arange for you to see the speaker, but only one of the delegation can come along.” This was refused, the entire delega- tion demanding the right to be pres- ent. Congressman Beatty then left) for a conference with Longworth andj} returned stating that Longworth would not see the delegation because the letter addressed to him was not polite. It did not address him as “Your Honor,” and that it was not formal. He said the speaker felt in- sulted at the brusque way the unem- ployed demanded the right to speak in congress. “This excuse of ‘insult,” said Wagenknecht, “is just another means to fool the workers and to keep them from presenting their demands for unemployment insurance. The entire capitalist government is opposed to unemployment insurance.” ‘Then the entire delegation was sur- rounded by a cordon of police, as well as many secret service men who fol- lowed them everywhere. They marched over to the speaker's office, where they met the secretary of Long- worth. The delegation demanded the floor of the house. The secretary an- swered: “Impossible.” “Does this mean the refusal on the part of the ‘speaker of the house to allow the "000,000 unemployed?” Wagenknecht Gomanded. This right,was definitely refused. \ ‘Then the police shoved the“ whole delegation out of the secretary's of- fice and out of the capitol building. They were escorted by the police from ‘unemployed of this country have more right to speak than any congress- EMERGENCY FUND NAME cnseescsseesseeecsseseseees the capitol grounds, ; One of the workers in the visitors’ CUT THIS OUT AND MAIL IMMEDIATELY TO THE DAILY WORKER, 50 E. 13th ST., NEW YORK CITY RED SHOCK \ For TROOPS $30,000 DAILY WORK@R EMERGENCY FUIID tee eeeeteteet eee es Collars... We pledge to build RED SHOCK TROOPS for the successful completion of the $30,000 DAILY WORKER eee ere rrrieess | WORCORR ||$,000 DETROIT WORKERS IN TWO-HOUR DEMONSTRATION BRIEFS Soup Kitchens Th Chattanooga Chattanooga, Tenn, Here in Chattanooga public free soup kitchens have been opened for the unemployed workers. The city authorities have been compelled thru the pressure of the workers of both races to open up a free flop house for the needy. There are many hold-ups and robberies here. Most of the robber- ies occur in food Stores. The Hitt stores, a chain grocery stores are being broken into daily. —M.O. “eve. Carmen ‘re Speeded Up Cleveland, O. ‘The operating expenses of the Cleveland Railway Co. were cut twice he amount) of decline of business curing 1930! And its profits the high- est since 1927. Ninety eight per cent of the stock is cwned or controlled by the Van Sweringens Metropolitan Utilities, Inc. Here is the way they did it. First we work under open shop and some big jawbone crooks are officials of our union div. 268. The com- pany speeded up the runs‘on all lines during the last yoar and cut the layovers with the 9, proval of the fakers. Frank Uhier, a board member of the union and Harry hsessler, record- ing secretary are twa. we burdened with at our station and they are pals of the business agent. 8, ® More Layoffs ™ Missouri Minden Mines, Mo. Daily Worker: The bosses are laying off men every day here. They say no sale for coal. Well, how in the world can a man live like that. The men are work- ing 2 and 3 days a week, how can he | live like that? We must all get together and fight for our rights. —E. N, T. ‘rsenal Tells How to Murder Unemployed Demanding Relief (CON ED FROM PAGE ONE) ganda that promises to better this condition, hence, Red agents will prebably thrive during the winter months. This means civil disorders of increasing intensity. Peace offi- cers, in most cities, know but little regarding the employment of chem- ical agents in dispersing mobs. Gur National Guard units are but . little better off—at least in practice. Carrying the study still further, how many regular army men— commissioned and enlisted—actu- ally know how to employ chemicals in a mob situation? Many in theory —but comparitively few who ac- tually know how to use the chemi- cal agent “r operate the chemical weapon employing such agents. “Supposing a mob gets+ beyond control and federal troops are called in to handle the situation. Will they know what to do with chemi- icals, or will they be compelled to resort to the rifle and machine gun —thus intensifying the mob spirit and probably kiliing or injuring a number of citizens thet have been temporarily misled?) An exam- ination of the last official station List disclosed the fact that all our chemical troops, within the terri- torial limits of the United States, are now divided between two sta- tions, Edgewood Arsenal and Fort Benning—two stations that are the least likely to be near civil disor- ders. Form their present location, these troops are about as conven- iently placed as they would be in General Headquarters in war time .../In many situations, a trained chemical detachment assisting the national guard troops would be all that would be necessary to quel | local disorders. This unit could be used to train and to demonstrate to peace officials the proper employ- ment of chemical agents, with a result that there would be less pro- bability of state calls for federal aid.” ‘Thus we see that not only are clubs and blackjacks being prepared for the unemployed who demand bread but also poison gas and machint guns,, phis is the bosszs’ answer to the 10,000,000 starving men and women in the United States. ~ gallery in the house of representatives got up to protest against the refusal to permit the unemployed to present their demands. He was immediately pounced on by six police and thrown out of the building. (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE) The whole detective force and a large police force were called out to block them. Another workers was arrested when he urged a continua- tion of the march. After that the police again blocked the march, and dispersed the crowd. There will be another demonstra- tion here on Feb. 25, International Fighting Day for Unemployment Re- lief, . DETROIT, Feb, 10.— Eight thou- sand’ Detroié workers demonstrated for two hours at Grand Circus Park for the support of the Unemployed Delegation to Washington: They marched to the demonstration from three sections of the city. The demonstration sent a telegram to Washington demanding the enact- ment of the. Unemployment Insurance Bill, and determined to march to city hall to present the local bill on Febru- ary 25, when the delegates to Wash- ington would return with their re- port. A mass meeting will be held on February 15 at Danceland, 2 p.m. where the delegates would make a re- port, The demonstration today was pre- ceded by local Dearborn on the 6th “and Lincoin Park on the 9th. The Lincoln Park City Council endorsed the Bill under the pressure of the masses. BUFFALO, ROCHESTER, SYRACUSE WORKERS DEMAND PASSAGE OF BILL BUFFALO, N. Y., Feb. 10—-A huge hunger demonstration took place in Jamestown. Ten thousand stormed the city hall. The delegation backed by the workers, ripped into the City Council, exposing the compulsory welfare work, The mayor and coun~ cilmen “promised” instant remedy. One “socialist” councilman opposed the demands of the unemployed. Five thousand demonstrated in Buffalo in an impressive and dis- ciplined march to the city govern- ment. The city government and po- lice retreated after last Monday's mil- itant struggle. Four were arrested and face the ind jujry on the charge of second degree assault. In Rochester and Syracuse marches took place to the City Hall. The workers were desperate and militant. They raised the cry of “On to Albany, Feb. 20,” which is popular with the unemployed, The workers were busy organizing unemployed councils along the route to join the hunger march. They are preparing trucks, etc. They are for- cing city governments to accommo- date the marchers. Resolutions were sent to Congress demanding the en- actment of the Unemployment Insur- ance Bill, and full cash konus for the worker war veterans. The following telegram was sent from the Buffalo demonstration to Congress: “Over 5,000 employed and jobless workers assembled here today at Mc- | Kinley monument support the de- mand of the enactment of the Work- ers Unemployment Insurance Bill by Congress to provide governmental, weekly benefit for each unemployed, and additional benefit’ ‘for each de- pendent. We demand the establish- ment of a federal fund for unem- ployment insurance by the use of ap- propriations for so-called national de- fense, taxation of large incomes. We support the full compensation to war veterans. We are determined to con- tinue an organized struggle for im- mediate city relief here in the form of weekly benefits, pending the en- actment of the Bill by Congress. We demand instant work or bread and shelter relief, the opening of city, state and federal buildings to shelter the unemployed. We will continue the fight until 65,000 jobless and their starving families will be satisfied and will defeat the fake promises and policy of terror, “The workers of Niagara frontier are ready to fight for work and bread instead of to be used in the ap- proaching war, which is evident from the open war preparations in metal and chemical factories here in Buf- falo.” . HARTFORD, Conn., Feb. 10.—The unemployed delegation of this state led the workers’ march, carrying ban- ners and slogans, to the state capi- tol, while thousands on the streets watched. Governor Cross was forced to re- ceive the delegation, led by Wm Schneiderman, spokesman; Edward Mrasco, Fred Prebor, Mike Gluchow- ski, J. Huntington. The demands in- cluded $10,000,000 appropriation for immediate relief and the adoption of the Unemployment Insurance Bill. The governor evaded the demands hypocritically and promised to ‘study’ them. The workers and the delega- tion marched back to the Unemployed Council headquarters where a crowd- ed and enthusiastic mass meeting was held, A protest resolution against the slugging of Fitch and Series in Stam- ford, also telegram of greetings to Nat Richards, unemployed leader in the Hartford County jail, were pas- sed. Preparations are going ahead for a huge demonstration on February 25. Many joined the Unemployed Coun-' cil. Se ER QANSAS CITY, Mo. —~ The biggest radical gathering here since the war heard William Z. Foster speak on Monday night. More than 3,000 actively partici- pated in the demonstration for job- less insurance before the City Hall yesterday. . Streets for blocks around the City Hall were jammed as speakers ad-, dressed the workers for an hour. Af- ter the City Hall demonstration, more than 400 packed the Workers’ Cen- ter as they signed up in the Unem- ployed Council, pledging enthusiastic support of the preparations for Feb- ruary 25, International Unemploy- ment Day. eg See PHILADELPHIA, Pa., Feb. 10.— Despite the bitter cold over 1,500 workers, employed and unemployed, gathered at Independence Square here in support of the demands of the Unemployed Delegation, which goes to Congress today. Besides, for the first time in the present struggle a demonstration was heid in Kensing- ton, an important industrial suburb of Philadelphia where 250 gathered. In West Philadelphia, 50 demon- strated for the unemployment insur- ance bill. Indoor meetings were held follow- ing each of these demonstrations. Over 100 jobless joined the Unem- ployed Councils and plans were made to participate in larger masses in the February 25, International Unemploy- ment Day demonstration. At the Kensington demonstration, the hoisery and upholstery weavers who participated, asked for speakers at their union headquarters to aid in the preparation of a strike. The speakers exposed the treachery of MacMahon, A. F. of L. strike-breaker, The question of mass picketing will be taken up at the next local union meeting tonight, despite the official- dom. MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNOR REJECIS DEMANDS FOR UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF BOSTON, Mass. Feb, 10. — More than 7,000 workers demonstrated here for jobless insurance yesterday. At least. two. thousand staged a hunger march from the bandstand on Boston Common to the State House and were still demonstrating at 4 p.m. ms <x Cit yHall for jobless insurance yes-! JOHSTOWN, Pa. Feb. 10.—Yes- ‘Thousands more were demonstrat- ing in Haverill, Lawrence and other towns near Boston at a late hour yes- terday afternoon, Governor Ely rejejcted the relief demands made by a committee of un- employed workers and police then began @ ferocious attack on the ‘¢ The workers fought back, rescuing many prisoners from the police, but at least fourteen were arrested, in- cluding N, Kaplan and H. Harfield. et Mh CLEVELAND, O,, Feb. 10, — Five thousand demonstrated here for the bill today and another thousand in Newcastle, Pa. The Cleveland workers marched ‘in three parades to the Public Square in the midst of, freezing weather and @ snow storm, They sent a telegram to Washington, backing the Workers Unemployment Insurance Bill and the delegation there. A hundred work- ers who had been trying to get jobs at the Fisher Body employment azen- cy ate free in restaurants, and after- ward rode the cars free. There were many Negro marchers. The marchers directed traffic, . 8 8 NEWBURGH, N. Y., Feb. 10,—Be- tween 300 and 400 enthusiastic work- ers demonstrated here in front of the terday. The city manager, who evi- dently spends most of. the year at sunumer and winter resorts, said that he could see no unemployment in Newburgh. Edwards and Doyle addressed the cheering workers. Doyle was arrested but the militancy of the workers was so pronounced that the police were afraid to try to break up the demon- stration, The A. F, of L. had promised to provide a hall for the meeting but refused at the last minute. The work- ers contracted for another hall but ‘the hall-owner to break Cts i The demonstration unanimously en- dorsed the jobless insurance bill. Ce ee | NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J,. Feb, 10. —In spite of the terrible cold and slushy weather today, over 6,000 leaf- lets calling for mass demonstration before the city hall were distributed, and between 600 and 800 took part in the demonstration, The chief of police refused a per- mit, but the workers and’ jobless workers met and demonstrated, and then marched to the Workers’ Home, 11 Plum St. A very militant spirit prevailed. Ring Evans, chairman, and Williams, Negro worker, stressed mainly the importance of organizing and of mobilizing for the New Jersey State March on Trenton, Feb. 20, and the demonstration on International Fighting Day. Ten signed up to march on Trenton, : eo 8 " Prepared In Johnstown, TELL HOW BRITISH TREATED RUSSIAN TIMBER WORKERS 29 Got 33 Cents A Day for 11 Hours MOSCOW.—The Archangelsk news- paper, “Pravda Severa,” publishes an article dealing with the wages and working conditions of the Soviet tim- ber workers, and comparing them with the wages and working condi- tions -of the timber workers under czarism. Before the revolution the timber workers in the forther Gouvernements of Archangelsk, Glonez, Volodga, Ya- roslav, Kostroma, Vladimir, Nishni- Novgorod, Kasan, Vyatka, Perm, Ufa, Petersburg, Pskov, etc., worked for the British firms of Stuart, Garnett, Brian. The conditions were fright- ful, The average working day was 11} hours and the average daily wage was 66 kopecks (33 cents). With this magnificent wage the workers also! had to feed themselves. In cases where the employers provided the food 11 kopecks a day were deducted from the wages. In addition an op- pressive system of fines obtained. So- cial insurance was absolutely un- known. The newspaver then describes the housing conditions of the timber workers, using material published in 1912 by the “Holzindustriellen Rund- schau,” and material given at the congress of the timber industrialists in the same year. The huts, better hovels, in which the men lived, were built of logs covered with twigs. The bare earth was the floor. They were low, gloomy and grimed with dirt and smoke. As a result of the fear- ful conditions, sickness was wide- spread, however, and there was no medical assistance available. “Pravda Severa” points out that at that time no English newspaper pro- | tested against these inhuman condi- tions. The English press waited until the Soviet Government had expended huge sums for the building of decent, hygienic living houses, with baths, social rooms, restaurants, reading rooms, halls and medica) ambulato- riums, before they dreamed of pro- testing. Since the English firms had a say in the matter the working and living conditions of the loggers and other workers engaged in the timber industry have experienced a radical change for the better, and, in addi- tion, the wages are about three times as high as before the revolution. “Pravda Severa” concludes by pointing out that not everything is yet perfect, that criticisms are still published with a view to securing still further improvements, but that the exploiters should keep their mouths shut. The descriptions published in the English press of the alleged con- ditions of the timber workers of the Soviet Union give rise to the suspicion that the mental prostitutes of the capitalist press haye taken the old material describing the conditions un- der the rule of English capital and presented it as a picture of present- day conditions. terday a preparatory mass meeting of 500, ali who could get into the hall, was held here to mobilize for the hunger march today. ‘The crowd was made up of Bethlehem Steel workers, and miners, many of them unemployed. ‘There was a splendid spirit, and a delegation of five, including young, Negro and women workers was elec- ted to see the mayor today. Charles Bell, Jr a young worker, was ar- rested yesterday distributing leaflets for the hunger march. . YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio, Feb. 10.—It is estimated 800 took part in a mili- tant demonstration here in the Pub- lic Square for the Workers’ Unem- ployment Insurance Bill today. There was a full mobilization of police to in- timidate the demonstrators, and the police spread rumors they would break up the demonstration. ‘The demonstrators marched"to the Unemployed Council headquarters and about 600 jammed into the hall. De- 'tectives who came in were recognized and thrown out bodily. ‘This is considered a good mobiliza- tion for Feb, 25. ide ow WARREN, ‘Ohio, Teb. 10.—-Three hundred demonstrated here today. ° ® March in Perth Amboy. PERTH AMBOY, N. J., Feb. 10.— Two hundred gathered at the city hall here today, demonstrating for the passage of the Workers Unem- ployment Insurance Bill. They also sent a com:nittee into the city hall where the city commissioners were in sossion, and. presented demands for immediate relief. The commissioners heard the demands but took ro ac- tion, Meanwhile the crowd outside was addressed by socakers ro 2 the Council of the Unemployed, ani afterwards the crowd marched to the Workers Home, where another meet- ing was held, with the same speakers, and 18 signs up to take part in the march on Trenton. Many joined the Unemployed Council, ae e Over 63 demonstrations in support of the Workers Unemployment Insur- ance Bill were held yesterday, but at the time the National Edition of the Daily Worker went to press, news had been received only on those above. er ea CHARLOTTE, N. C., Feb. 10.— Seven hundred Negro and white workers unjted in a militant demon- stration demanding unemployment relief and the passage of the Unem- ployment Insurance Bill. Defying the threats of the police to Under Czarism They} , ing tremendous depths. Unemployed Past Increase War Behind the French imperialists’ frenzied plans for war against the Soviet Union is the fact that the world economic crisis of capitalism is now reaching deeply into France. When the crisis first shook the United States, along with many other capitalist countries, it did not imme- diately express itself so sharply in France.. Soon signs of the approach- ing storm ‘were visible there. Now the storm is beginning to lash France. Unemployment is growing. There were bank crashes. From Paris comes the cable news that the crisis in France is approach- This is not only important for France, but it ening out. There will be another factor worsening the world crisis. The New York Tribune correspon- dent in Paris, James Minifie, in last Sunday’s issue of that paper writes: “The fear that France may be facing one of the greatest crises in her economic history is gaining ground here, pushing into the back- ground the facile optimism engen- dered by her twelve months’ resist- ance to the world depression.” means that the world crisis is broad- | — France Now Entering Severe Crisis; A Million; Bosses Moves Against USSR N. Y. Tribune Correspondent Says Labor Dept Hid Unemployment Figures; Basic Industries Slump | He goes on to quote facts: Lower | steel production, less coal produced, | increasing unemployment. As far as | unemployment is concerned, the | French government has followed the jlead of the American capitalists. They have lied about unemployment. | They doctored their figures to cover jit up. But new light is being thrown on the growth of unemployment in France. Minifie reports that “it is learned confidentially that Minister j of Labor Landry computed a figure of 350000 out of work, rising to | 1,300,000 when the part-timers are | included.” ‘The official figures give only 29.456 ; out of work, But we learn differently now. The world army of 25,000,000 | unemployed is recruiting new millions in France. This is why the pressure for war | against “Bolshevism!” No wonder the | imperialists in France spend $120,- | 000,000 to arm Poland, Jugoslavia and Rumania, Where formerly the war danger against the Soviet Union, through French sources, was great, teday it is tremendous, and with the development of the crisis in France it will grow by leaps and bounds. (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE) gans carried by the workers. The ‘Downtown Unemployed Council which had mobilized hun- dreds of workers, marched into the Square in a body, after having hiked all the way from the headquarters of the Council, 27 East Fourth St. They carried their banners and pla- cards all the way, shouting out the slogans of the unemployed work- ers, and rally::+ other unemployed to join the hunger + -°c>. Tremen- dous enthusiasm and cheering greet~ ed them when they arrived at the Square, Other organized groups of work- ers and unemployed marched into the Square. Prominent among these was the Labor Sports Union which carried wide, streaming banners against the boss sports’ organiza- tions, and calling on the workers City Hall The demonstration ended with a spontaneous march or city hall. Daily Worker volunteer reporters counted 5,500 marching down the center, of the streets, in ranks ap- proximately ten wide, waving pla- cards, waving Red flags snatched from the street construction on the way, brushing asfde the patrolmen who tried to stop it at the street crossings, shouting mightily, “We want work or wages,” “We want work or wages,” singing “Solidar- ity,” and “Hold the Fort, for We Are Coming.” The parade took the police by surprise, and as each pa- trolman was swamped on the way, down he rushed for a telephone to yell for help. As the head of the procession réached the municipal building across the street from city hall, the Trade Union Unity Council rep- resentative met it. There were swarms of police massed at the city hall with mounted police ready to charge, and emergency wagons with machine guns and tear gas already rushing down. The Trade Union Unity Council representative then sent word through the ranks to disperse and avoid a massacre of the jobless by the police. The demonstration being sponta- neous, had no organized defense corps or other arrangements for effective resistance, and the Trade Union Unity Council, while it rec- ognized the splendid display of mil- itancy on the part of the workers, took the stand that to carry the march further without organization would result in unnecessary club- bing and perhaps the shooting of the unprepared’ jobless, “We Want Work or Wages” The march started when all the speakers announced at the Union Square meeting that the workers and jobless workers “should report immediately to their respective Un- 15,000 MASS AT UNION SQUARE DEMANDING JOBLESS BILL PASS to fight for the demands of the junemployed -—- against hunger and starvation and for immediate relief. The following telegram was adopt- ed and sent to Congress: “Speaker, “House of Representatives, “Washington, D. C. “Thousands New York unemploy- ed workers in hunger demonstra- tion at Union Square endorse de- mands millions starving unemploy- ed and employed workers stop We demand Congress receive delegation and pass unemployment insurance bill stop Hoover’s fake promises, investigations, police terror do not feed unemployed stop We refuse to starve to death in silence stop We demand immediate adequate relief and insurance stop Turn over billion and quarter war budget to unem- ployed. “Unemployed Councils of Greater New York.” March From Union Square to Rallying Thousands employed Council or union head- quarters. About a thousand started down University Place to Fourth Street to the headquarters of the Downtown Council of the Unem- ployed at 27 East Fourth Street, On the way, placards demanding Work or Wages, demanding passage of the Workers Unemployment In- surance Bill, calling all to support the coming dress strike, ete. were raised. At the head of the pa- rade was a placard: “All war funds must go for relief!” The procession grew rapidly in numbers, and grew in militancy. After singing “Hold the Fort,” it began to chant in uni- son, “We want work or wages— we want work or wages.” At Manhattan Lyceum, 27 Hast Fourth St., the head of the parade stopped, as though to enter the hall there, and the street rapidly filled from curb to curb, all the way back to 27 East Fourth Street, with the rest of the crowd pressing on. Sim- ultaneously, hundreds of the jobless began shouting: “On to city hall,” and like a river in flood the whole crowd pressed on. A score of them who had no placards snatched Red flags from the street construction piles; in fact, they took nearly ev- ery Red Flag from that point on. Red Flags Led by Red Flags and the pla- cards,and singing “Solidarity,” and again yelling for Work or Wages, the procession swept all obstacles aside, voilated all traffic rules, and went on down Fourth Street to Sec- ond Avenue, down Second Avenue, to Houston, over on Chrystie St., growing steadily as the jobless along the way swung into line, across to the Bowery, down on the Bowery, still growing, to Worth St., over on Worth to Center St. past the court buildings, where a mighty booing was given the institutions of capitalist justice, and on to the city hall. It was a spectacular demonstra- break up the demonstration when the city couneil refused a permit for it, the workers, led by Negro and white women and children, proceeded in a march from the Trade Union Unity League Hall to Fourth and Caldwell Sts., where they listened for an hour to tion through the working class sec- tion, and workers’. families leaned from tenenment windows all the way to cheer. CAMP AND HOTEL NITGEDAIGET PROLETARIAN VACATION PLACE OPEN THE ENTIRE YEAR Beautiful Rooms Heated Modernly Equiped After the demonstration the white and Negro women marched back to the T. U. U. L. Hall and concluded the demonstration at that hall. ah ae CINCINNATI, O., Feb, 10. — Five thousand demonstrated here for the Bill today. Sport and Cultural Activity a Proletarian Atmosphere Use your Red Shock Troop List #17 A WREK every day on your job. The worker || CAMP NITGEDAIGET, BEACON, ¥.¥ ness fo 196 Wid baie tate ha Helly PHONE 188