The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 8, 1930, Page 4

Page Four Some Sketches of Chinese Soviet Life, ---- Where Thirty Millions Have Won Freedom From Worker Correspondents in | tlers for the Soviets. When they see China that there are three crosses on the | envelope, they know that it is an urgent and important letter. They DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1930 THE ACCIDENT | | | Workers on Job Revolt. Revolutionary Demonstration of Chinese Workers in Shanghai Eisenstein, World-Famous Soviet Movie Director, Now Leaving Hollywood By ALLAN JOHNSON ymember of the Academy of Motion Sergy Eisenstein, director of |Picture Arts and Sciences. His “Potemkin,” “Ten Days That Shook |OPinions were asked on every con- the World” and “The Old and New,” | ccivable topic relating to the theatre, By BILL COOPER ECE by piece she is going up. Soon she'll be a corking good | frame, sixty feet high. A sixty by |sixty frame of good steel put to- | Pending the opening of All-China Hi Soviet Congress which will take place are then very careful and prompt in| gether with plenty of good sweat. on Dec, 11, it is of interest to know something about the Jife in the Chi- nese Soviets which up-to-date have occupied a territory bigger than Ger- many and cover a population larger than that of France. handling the letter. Some time ago, some of these children met the reac- tionary enemies on their way. They died for the revolutionary cause, rather than have their letters fall| into the hands of their enemies. Agrarian Revolution The correspondents in Shanghai | who have direct contact with the Soviet authorities in China, reported that in the Soviets, land has been | confiscated by the authorities. The | Jand was then distributed to the peasants in accordance with the | Political and Cultural Development. In the Soviets, the Chinese masses | are undergoing a rapid process of cultural development. All the male and female workers and peasants | joined the Red Guards. All the young people from six to fifteen| years of age joined the Children/ number of persons in each family. This revolutionary measure touched the poor peasants so that many of them were overjoyed to the point of tears. All the maimed and aged per- sons and the families of the Red Bands and the Youth Vanguards. | Thus, by participating in the political and social life of the Soviets, the masses acquire a higher level of poli- tical and cultural development. All the members of the committees of Soldiers are supported by the Soviets. | the Soviets were elected from among All sorts of extortionate taxes, rents, | the tolling masses. The peasants and loans with which the landlords| Who could not utter a single word burdened the peasants, have been| before the public are now making abolished. | political reports with accuracy. So-| In order to help finance the So-| cial meetings are tinged with revolu- viets, the peasants pay 5 percent of | tionary spirit, with revolutionary their crops to the Soviets. The rich | Songs, dramas, etc. peasants pay from 15 to 30 percent| ‘The Communist Party of China 1s| of their grain and the traders pay a| the leader of the Soviets which has | unified progressive tax. The Soviets | definite plans to raise the political | ave tried their best to emancipate | and cultural level of the masses. | e peasantry and to eliminate the| although there is at present a lack rich peasants and the landjords. The | of competent teachers and suitable poor peasants who owed the land-/ textbooks, every effort is being made lords or the merchant capitalists any | to start the cultural revolution by money were instructed by the Soviets | establishing Lenin Schools for the not to return it. On the other hand, | children of the workers and peasants. in case the rich peasants or the land-| A Lenin University is also being | jords owed the poor peasants any- | established to train the political and thing, either a cow or any implement | military leaders of the Chinese Revo- | of farming, they were compelled to | lution. Besides, the cooperatives, the return it without delay. ! hospitals, the public libraries estab- | The clear-out of the reactionary | lished by the Soviets have immense- landlords and gentry was carried out | ly enhanced the cultural standard of energetically with the help and ap- proval of the poor peasants. Nearly all the reactionaries were arrested at the guidance of the poor peasants and agricultural laborers. After they were arrested they were tried vy the | Reactionary-Exterminating Commit- tee and their penalty approved by the mass meeting. In case they were proved counter-revolutionary they | the workers and peasants. | Chinese Women Completely Emanci- pated in the Soviets. | | In sharp contrast to the gloomy} | lot of the Chinese womanhood of the | | past, the women and girls in the So- ; viets have been completely emanci- pated. Formerly practically ai | Chinese women and girls were OR were shot and executed right on the | They | pressed to the highest degree. spot before the eyes of the masses. | did not have any political right nor jany social and economic equality q| With men. They were the slaves of | their parents-in-law, their husbands Alliance of Workers and Peasants Altho the Soviets haven't extende: their rule over big industrial cities, there have been concrete steps to | bring about the close alliance be- | tween the city proletariat and the peasants in the villages. Many of the farmers have been for sometime workers in the cities and bring home with them the methods of struggle and revolutionary spirit of their city | brothers. In the Soviets, factories | are also established to manufacture articles of daily use, agricultura] im- plements, munitions, etc. Therefore not only the number of workers in| the villages is on the increase, but | the material and cultural conditions | of the workers in the Soviets are also | greatly raised. | The workers are the administrators | of the factories, without boss, with- out strikes, without wage cuts and} other forms of exploitation. The wages of the workers are on the in- crease altho the level of their econ- omic comfort is still comparatively low. This is due to the present back- ward economic life and to the civil war. It will be changed as workers’ control over industr yand government is further advanced. Socialist compe- tition has been introduced and the Soviet economy is developed in a planned manner. Shock troops are} also organized. The labor law of the Soviets have been proclaimed to guarantee the interest of the workers,| such as minimum wages, short hours, social insurance. Revolutionary Enthusiasm Prevails. | Like the Soviets in the Soviet | Union, the Chinese Soviets are com- pletely democratic and therefore se- cure the support of the toiling masses. The masses understand that the Soviets are their own govern- ments and support them with every means at their command. This is manifested in the enthusiasm shown in the mass meetings. Not long Ago, for instance at Lungyier, a district in Western Fukein Province, a mass meeting was attended by an unpre- cedentely great crowd—over seventy thousand workers and peasants, The masses who live in village about twenty miles from the city also at- tended the meeting with their guns, old-styled weapons, and swords. Fiery speeches were made by the chairman of the Soviet, the secretary of the district of the C. P., the lead- er of the Red Army, and the repre- sentatives of the workers and peas- ants. Concrete steps were proposed and passed by the meeting to im- prove the conditions of the Soviets, and to fight against the reactionary nationalist militarists. Slogans like “Fight Against Imperialist War, De- fend the Soviet Union, Workers and the toiling masses of the World, Unite!” were also very prominent. Another little episode will also) show the confidence of the masses in the Soviets. The paper money issued by the Soviets is rather uvlv in °r pearance being made of the native coarse paper. But it has been widely circulated and many of the peasants rather prefer the ugly paper to the real cash. They all have great faith in such notes. They say: “These notes represent the work of the poor masses. What do we expect?” the small children under- Fi |farmers who are able to bear arms, and their children. They were not allowed to divorce their husbands c any ground. They could be punish on every ground, however trivial a unjustifiable. They toiled the wh day long, washing dishes, clothes cooking, feeding pigs, etc. But what a different picture now in the Soviets! The women and girls | there are on an equal footing with men politically, economically and so- cially. They can love and marry their own sweethearts and divorce can be brought about by either party, on good grounds. Many of the Chinese girls are now occupying im- portant positions in the Soviets. The women who were formerly shy to see the face of a stra~~e man are now bold enough to become chairmen and active members of the Women Asso- ciations. Many of the women and girls are remarkable for their revolu- | tionary daring and spirit. Not only | do many of them undertake the work of nurses, couriers, transporters, | but many af them actually join in the Red Army and become fighters at the front. The Chinese Red Army The Chinese Red Army, over one hundred thouand strorig, is the army | of the workers and peasants them- selves. Practically all workers and / are enlisted in the Red Guards, and | are trained in tactics of fighting to | defend the Soviets. The workers and peasants join in the army with en- | thusiasm. Every Saturday, after | work, they march into the field for training. Many of the children and girls ajlso serve in the Red Army. Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the political de- partments of the Red Army educate the Red Army in revolutionary the- orles and practice so that unlike the mercenary soldiers of the Nationalist militarists, the Red soldiers are poli- tically as well as militarially pre- pared to fight for the Revolution. In general, the Red Army is fairly equipped. Some detachments have air planes, machine guns, modern rifles, field guns and other up-to-date munitions. These they secured main- ly thru the mutiny of the Nationalist Army which turned over to the Red | Army en bloc as a result of the pro- | paganda by the Red Army. Many Red soldiers, however, are poorly | equipped with old fashioned guns, spears, swords, bamboo sticks and clubs. But their revolutionary spirit is so high that they always conquer wherever they go. The chief weapon of the Red Army, of course is not | rifles and guns but leaflets and cir- | culars. After throwing of these paper bombs, the Nationalist Armies al- way refuse to fight and join the Red Army. As even admitted by the cap- \italist reporters, the Chinese Red ‘Army 1s “intelligently led” and in excellent discipline. Since the Red Army ts composed of the workers and peasants them- selves, they get support and help from the workers and peasants. When the Red Army arrives, the vil- lagers all come out to the outskirt to welcome them with rice, tea, cakes and the luxuries of the country side. The villagers are also the intelligence the significance of the Soviets. are often used as letter car- for the Red Army. The Nationalist ae | | fs 7 DEFEND SOVIET CHINA The struggle of the Chinese work- ers and peasants to throw off their oppressors, both foreign and native, and the rapid development of Soviet China is a cause of vital concern to every American worker. American imperialism, along with world imperialism, is attacking the Chinese _ revolution. American | bankers are financing the murder- | ous Chiang Kai Chek. A loan of | twenty million is even now being | negotiated. Also, American battle- | ships, at orders from Washington, | are firing on Chinese Soviet vil- lages and battling the Chinese Red Army. American workers, demand the withdrawal of American battle- ships from Chinese territory. Rally | to the support of your Chinese com- rades, who send you their revolu- tionary greetings and appeal for your timely aid. IN A FACTORY | WORKERS RULE Ed. Falkowski is an American non-party worker and journalist who is at present making a stay Chinese Mutiny Song [hoo oe *".|has been discharged by Paramount, She'll be a big night and day sign | for whom he was filming Dreiser’s |shining from the twelve roof top.|“American Tragedy.” He left New ' | York last Monday for Soviet Russia. Now the whole gang is together)” <i, years ago Eisenstein, then an —Jake, Charlie, and Mac are the fin- | TRANSLA'TOR’S NOTE: The fol Tientsin. It was afterwards pri ents! d Shanghai. It is obvi It s the expression of the sponta the Natio list army, who mutinized and turned over to the Red Army ‘ing song first appeared on the walls ‘din the illegal Communist papers in that nothing ix artificial in the song. s feeling of thousands of soldiers in en ishers, and the kids, Jimmie and T are the helpers. Jimmie and I are |in our early twenties and more or less be~inners. We take orders and nasty jobs from all the others, but this |time we don’t mind. We climb gladly to the very tops and nine stories and | sixty feet above the street we slap | on red lead or tighten the bolts. The |breeze brings up odors of the spring from the parks around. We hook a leg around an upright and work with both hands. The breeze turns our loose fitting overalls into rippling banners. We forget about hard work and small pay for a while. Jimmie unknown youth came to Moscow from his birthplace, Riga, and became supervisor of settings and then as- sistant director of the first workers’ theatre, the Proletcult. Among his first tasks was the staging of Jack |London’s “Mexicalia.” After a year jhe joined Meyerhold, leader of the revolutionary theatre in Soviet Rus- |Sia, but later returned to the Prolet- | |cult to take complete charge. | Eisenstein soon developed views which led him inevitably into the movies, where he soon displayed a | genius for suggesting mass movement by isolated shots and weird camera angles. in the Soviet Union.—Editor. By ED. FALKOWSKI MOSCOW. — We visit a factory. Just like any other factory its ex- teriors present a grim aspect. A de- cayed building patched up, stuffed with machinery turned loose. ‘The manager greets us. A big, firm man in blue shirt, who calls every- body “Comrade”, and is so addressed | by workers in return. Everybody is a| “comrade” in this factory. This factory happens to be in the cutting-in plant of the Moscow Gar- ment Trust. We are taken from de- partmerit to department, full of the whirr and whine of machines. Work- ers everywhere at their toil, stretch- ing cloth in layers, hauling huge bundles of it up the stirways (there is only one elevator in the entire plant), tracing patterns, cutting thick layers of it with electric cutters that glide through it with the smothness of a knife through butter, 150 pieces cut at one time. “Our progress has been tremen- dous,” explains the manager. “In 1925 we cut 32 million coats here. In 1927 this jumped to 150 million and last year it was 220 millions This year we hope to reach 306 mil- lions, and by 1931, 400 millions. . . . “We are employing 2,300 workers at present. Next year we plan to have 29,000 workers here. While wages at present average around 102 roubles a month, an increase of 22 per cent. is planned by 1932, under the Five Year Plan. We have a seven-hour day and a four day work-week here, every fifth day being a holiday for) the men... .At the end of the Plan we hope to have a six-hour| day...” Having seen the various depart- and it is hard to distingush the vil- lages from the Red soldiers! The Red Army often helps the farmers in their sowing, harvest and daily work in their homes. At present the) Butcher Chiang Kai Shek has started | an “expedition” against the “Ban- dits” with the help of the imperial- ists. He will certainly get a big treat from the Red Army! These sketches are only a few of many showing the progress made by the Chinese Soviets. The Soviets in China, after the National Congress on Dec. 11, will undoubtedly make rapid and big strides as a result of consolidation and coordination. De- spite the militarist suppression and imperialist intervention, the Soviets | | and newspapers. are so deeply rooted into the toiling bloc. re have been more than forty cases of mutiny in the Nationalist Army during the last three quarters of this year. ae meet: Translated by J. MO Stop beating your drum, Stop hitting your gong, Hear me sing the Mutiny Song: I'm a soldier and how and why! Fields have become fertile deserts For rents and taxes are mountains high. Landlords! Officials! Militarists! I had to sell my child and my wife to pay these beasts! . Then away from home a soldier I became Dreaming of future fortune and future fame. Ten springs have come and gone, And my pocket is still empty of a single coin! Last year we were fighting north of the Ho: This year we are fighting south of the Ho. Rivers and mountains we have traversed and crossed, With thousands of comrades wounded and lost . . . All for the glory of “our” generals! oe They are waxing fatter and fatter: We are getting thinner and thinner. They live in palaces gilded with gold and silver; While the earth is our mattress and the sky, our cover. In early autumn fox furs they do proudly display: We are coaless, shoeless on many a winter day. Banks are overflowing with their transactions; As they lead a butterfly life in the foreign concessions. Whence their riches and whence their wives? All the price of our poor men’s lives! In the front we are cannon fodder; In the rear, they play Ma Jong and poker. Prostitutes they never fail to visit day and night; When we cut each other’s throat in the fight. . Victory! Victory! What price victory? Only to feed the militarists and the gentry! Defeat! Defeat! And what a defeat! We are executed for our retreat! Once we marched into a village, We were commanded to kill and pillage. I couldn’t spill the poor’s blood on the grass, For they and I are of the same working class! Myself I do blame: Why didn’t I sooner start the flame To throw overboard all exploitations? And build the society on new foundations? . . MUTINY! MUTINY! MUTINY WITH DETERMINATION! MUTINY FOR REVOLUTION! Exterminate all the landlords, the militarists, the imperialists, the gentry! Distribute the land among the soldiers, the poor and the peasantry! Get your rifle and get your gun, Let’s make our place under the sun! Struggle and break your chain! You have nothing to lose; the world to gain! Workers, peasants, soldiers and the poor unite! Stand close together in this bitter fight! Unity! Solidarity! Join the Communist Party! Down with militarist oppression! On with the Proletarian Revolution! I now stop singing, Let’s keep on going, . ‘Till all over the world the Red Flag we'll raise And the International shall be the human race! . By BARD. officers reported that it is extremely nurse their infants. “Women enjoy hard to suppress the Red Army be- | no disadvantage in hours or pay,” cause the villagers always help them | the manager said. “One of the mem- masses in China that with the help| bers of the plant grievance commit- of the proletariat in other countries,| tee in fact, is a woman. Sometimes they will get the final victory. rant where one could also buy books | men.” In the adjoining) Suddenly a bell rang. The ma- club room the walls were covered chinery groaned to a standstill. with illustrated charts showing the “Every hour the workers get five- progress the factory had made within | minute rest-period,” explained the the last four years, and what is still director. “Unbroken work becomes expected of it. Various signs put up monotonous and hard on the by the workers themselves bore dif-! nerves... .” ferent statements such as “You can’t; The workers left their tasks, pulled be faithful to Vodka and your job!”| books out of pockets, read. Some “We have no room in our factory for | chatted, sitting on bales of cloth . . lazy workers!” There was a peaceful and dignified “Such signs are sometimes neecs- | expression, unthinkable among work- sary,” explained the manager siting, | ers: anywhere else in the world. . . There was a creche where working For they «were workers and were mothers left their babies to be taken’ proud of it. This was “their” fac- care of. They were granted regular; tory after all. No one here was a intervals of freedom during which to| slave or inferior to any one else, |and T get the razzberry for trying to) j harmonize some old songs. We re- |turn it to Jake and Charlie when | they swing off into some swell native | Hungarian folk songs. Mac is dis- jgusted altogether. He swears he | would leave the job immediately if he didn’t need the money in the | worst way. Mac calls himself an “American” Created the First Mass Films. | Eisenstein’s first picture was a failure. His second, “Potemkin,” created a world-wide sensation and he was hailed everywhere as a pre- mier artist. His artistry was in per- fect harmony with his subject matter. The falsely stated problem of “art versus propaganda,” the cause of so |many brainstorms in muddled artists and says he won't have anything to | who believe that the two mix like oil do with us foreigners and Jews. He| and water and that to become a revo- 1s really the son of an Irish immi- | jutionary artist one must renounce | grant but draws the line for the son} art, never perturbed Eisenstein to of a Jew. He is also a hot catholic | any great extent. He realized that | and tries to preach to us from time | great art is also great propaganda. | to time. We can’t discuss things with | ‘ . | | Eisenstein’s “Ten Days That Shook | him so when he Bets on our nerves | the world” and “The ran and ea? | |too. much we give him the “Bronx| further increased his fame. When | they make better workers than the | him. cheer.” Afternoon and the boss is up on the roof. The job is coming along | fine but Ross isn't satisfied. He makes jus rush about and sweat and swear }and get nervous when we are up, and the song and spring die out of |us. We drop things and cuss and get cussed. We are no longer men but automatons run by orders from Ross. We are short of ropes and Ross orders the safety ropes off from one side. There is some protest from Charlie. He doesn’t want to go up without those ropes on. Ross makes it plain to him. Up or quit. Charlie goes up, but he is angry and shaky. He jams his chest against the up- right and cusses everyone. Ross bet- of each other. If Ross should leave for a few moments. I am glad to get down to the roof to mix paint and sort bolts. After a while I hear a thud. I turn my head to see what has been dropped and I scream. The frame has collapsed, blown over. I rush past Ross who stands dazed, mumbling something, and looks for mangled men. Charlie and Jimmie crawl out from under- neath dazedly. Charlie is spitting out blood and wiping some from the back of his neck. Jake limps up behind us. Where is Mac? We hear him but we can’t see him. He is calling, groaning and calling again. We are too excited to follow his voice. There is on the top, hugging a twisted upright. His hand is caught by the scissor action of a beam bolted to the upright. It is cut off and hanging by a piece of skin and flesh. Jake and I grab the end and try to lift the beam. We struggle des- Pperately and uselessly. Charlie does the superhuman, he crouches under the upright ,braces his shoulders un- der it, then rises slowly, vibrating with effort to a standing position. I jump down and jam a bar in near the bolt, but it is almost useless. The steel has bent above the hand and lifted very little. I hang on chinning up on the bar not to lose the quarter inch gain. The hand is dripping blood, drop after drop it passes my eyes. I shut them, I am |losing my nerve and I bite into my arm to keep from screaming again. There are footsteps around, more men on the roof. A gang gets hold and lifts again, the bolt snaps, my bar drops and the beam lifts away. We carry Mac domnstairs and lay him on a table. The stump fs bleed- ing furiously and we can’t stop it. A doctor comes in, makes a tourni- quet, then gives Mac a shot. His face 1s ghastly as he looks at his mangle of flesh and bones. As we wait for the ambulance he begins to pray, “Merciful Lord, who watcheth over thy children . . .” I run out and Jimmie follows. On the roof we find Jake looking sadly at the twisted wreck. We walk to his side but can't say anything. After a while we hear an ambulance downstairs and soon Charlie comes | up. He is looking for Ross. We tell him Ross has run away. He puts a heavy wrench into his pocket and | starts to go down again. We know he is looking for Ross so we stop We talk it over. After this things are going to be a hell of a lot dif- ferent. Tomorrow morning, when Ross | shows up at the shop we'll all meet him, NEXT SATURDAY Another scene from “Work or Wages,” a drawing and review of “Roar China,” a coloredglad’s story of life in the Mississippi turpentine swamps, book reviews and other features. Short articles and stories from new contributors are always welcome, as well as comments and suggestions from our readers, ‘ \he was granted a year’s vacation by | |t he Soviet Government, several | | American movie companies expressed | | desire to have him come to Holly- | |wood. He signed a contract with | It was not until Eisenstein got down to work that his difficulties started. Paramount picked three or four scenarios and then _ hastily changed its mind, afraid of Eisen- stein’s uncanny proletarian touch. Dreiser's “American Tragedy” was finally chosen. Eisenstein had been working on the production for three months when he decided to come East and view the lake in New York State in which the protagonist in Dreiser's book is drowned. While he was in New York he was called to a conference” with Paramount offi- cials. At its conclusion the officials announced that “as a result of a mutual agreement,” Eisenstein's con- nection with Paramount had been severed Fascist Elaents Cause Cancelling of Contract. Although Paramount and Eisen- stein have both declined to comment for publication, the Daily Worker is in possession of information which leads it to believe that the abrogation jof Eisenstein’s contract is a direct result of pressure brought to bear on Paramount by fascist elements. The unemployment crisis with its result- ant militancy among the 9,000,000 jobless, the wave of anti-Soviet Propaganda which is sweeping the country and Eisenstein’s method of realistically portraying the lives of workers, all made it “dangerous” for Paramount to permit the Soviet artist to complete the production. The most vociferous of those who demanded that Paramount drop Eisenstein, the Daily Worker has dis- covered, is Major Pease, a Hollywood racketeer who was recently charac- |Paramount, along with Alexandrov, | terized -by Variety, a theatrical pub- |his associate director, and Tisse, his | lication, as a stock swindler. Pease brilliant 26-year-old camera man.|™#kes a comfortable living by ac- The contract was a provisional one, | °ePting “donations” from fascist and If after three months Paramount | White guard elements in Hollywood jfound Eisenstein’s services satisfac- | for indulging in red-baiting on a | tory, he was to be given a three-year | are seale and concocting weird |contract with a proviso to let him | Scare stories about Russia that the make a picture in Russia for each | C@Pitalist press is always glad to use. Jone he made in Hollywood. Pease or no Pease, it is inconceivable that Eisenstein would have been per- Eisenstein Comes to America. When Eisenstein arrived in Amer- ica he was given a welcome by the! capitalist press and movie critics @ great reception and elected him a A short, stocky seaman was telling us of conditions on board Soviet ships. “On the Soviet ships, the rest room is underneath the bridge, and this is jused by all men, After the days jWork, the men gather in the rest ;room to read or discuss the various |events of importance. There is also a school on board all ships which teach the seamen navigation, engin- eering and similar subjects. While at school, they get paid for the time they spend in class. On the American ships, you are nothing but a horse. Slaving all the | time, getting kicked in the pants whenever an officer passes you, and forced to live in quarters fit for dogs, segregated and not permitted to mix with the officers.” “Picture the officers washing dishes together with the seamen, and then you will understand why a Russian seamen, not only work with entbusi- asm, but as if the ship was their own. Rest rooms, barbers, free wash rooms, all complaints settled by the seamen themselves at their meetings, On the other hand, the American seamen, to wash their clothes, have to lug the water from midship to the poop, and when they want to take a bath, they mitted to produce a real Eisenstein movie in the United States unham- pered by the fascists who censor the American movie industry. Eisenstein ter not get under-him. We all want | hat had never before been tendered | is now on his way back to Moscow, to do something but we aren’t sure |*° ®8Y director. Hollywood gave him | where he will film Karl Marx's “Das | Kapital.” Chinese Revolutionary Worker—a Scene from “China Express,” a Movie Produced by Eisenstein Pupil Aboard A Russian Ship have to get the water the same way.” “The Russian seamen are permitted to bring their wives on board ship for a full month to live there. The seamen are granted two weeks vaca- tion with pay. The new ship, built recently in Stalingrad, is a cross- jSection view of how the workers in |the Soviet Union are continually im- proving their conditions. All of the rooms of the men have closets built into the wall, where there are beds, wash basins, toilets, brushes, and other necessaries. The seamen and women (for they have women work- ing on board ship) have the best of conditions such as three watch sys- tem, vacations with pay, free trans- portation to their homes, unemploy- ment, sickness and old age insurance. When a worker reaches the age of 50, he then gets his pension and doesn’t have to work any more on board ship, All ship clothing is free, such as boots and coats, special low rates when in port for rooms, food, clothing, the- atres and resorts. It is true that the Russian worker on the ships average 80 rubles a month, but that brings him more than $200 would here in America, I tell you boys we gotta wake up and follow their example.” am Ut