The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 11, 1930, Page 4

Published by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc., daily, except Sunday, 3 N.Y. Page Four unis York City New and mail all checks to the 1696-7-8. 26-28 Union Square Telephone Stuyvesant Cable: Daily Worker 26-28 Union ALWORK." New York. N ¥ SUBSCRIPTION RATES: By mail everywkere: One year $6; six months $3; two months $1; Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. and foreign, which are: One yr. ey Boroughs of ox mone tise of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Comrade J. Stalin’s Address on June 27, 1930 Ili. (Continued) ty cannot confine itself to work- line. Besides this it must gz out of the general line must guide the realization mproving and perfect- ss of the work, the plans cuted for the advancement of econ- nstruction, and by correcting and ommittee in this s consisted y in the correc- reciser determination of the Five- ct of increasing the and in the checking the tasks set the undamental decisions i Committee, correcting the Five- ect to increased tempo and Smelting industry: The Five-Year Plan lays down an increase in the output of pig iron to 1 10,000,000,000 tons by the last year. The ion of the Central Committee regards this standard as ij ient, and lays down that by the last year of the Five-Year Plan the pro- duction of pig iron is to reach 17,000,000,000 tons. Tractor building: The Five-Year Plan lays facture of tractors must umber of 55,000 by the last year of The decision of the Central Committee finds this quate, and lays down the num- ber of tractors to be manufactured in the last year of the Plan at 170,000. The same applies to motor-car building. Here the original plan envisaged the building of 100,000 lorries and passenger cars in the last year of the e-Year Plan. The present deci- sion la down a production of 200,000. We ‘ve the same phenomenon in the non-iron industry (colored metals), where the figures of the Five-Year. Plan have been in- creased by more than 100 per cent, and in the manufacture of agricultural machinery, where again an increase of more than 100 per cent is laid down. I need not refer in detail to the combines, which were not envisaged in the Five-Year Plan at all, but which are now placed in the last year of the Plan at a figure of at least 40,000. Soviet Farms: The Five-Year Plan envisages an increase of the area under cultivation up to five million hectares in the last year. The decision the Central Committee regards this as nt, and considers that by the end of the Five-Year Plan the area cultivated by down tha reach t the Pla | The Party the Soviet farms must reach 18,000,000 hec- tares. Collective Farms: The Five-Year Plan lays down an increase of the cultivated area up to 20,000,000 hectares by the last year. The de- cision of the Central Committee regards this figure as obviously too low (it has already been exceeded this year) and, considers that by the end of the Five-Years the collectivization of the Soviet Union rist be practically com- pleted, and that by that time the area cultivated by the collective farms mu-t comprehend nine- tenths of the total cultivated area of the Soviet Union, at present tilled by the individual peas- ant farms. (Applause.) And so forth. This gives an idea of the essentials of the leadership of the Central Committee in the realization of the general line of the Party, | of the organization of the building up of so- cialism on the system of planned economy. It may be objected that such fundamental alterations in the figures of the Five-Year Plan on the part of the C.C. violate the principle of planned economy, and diminish the authority of the organs of our planned economy. But it is only hopeless bureaucrats who can bring for- ward this argument. To us Bolshevists the Five-Year Plan is not something fixed and settled forever. To us the Five-Year Plan is the same as any other plan, accepted as being approximate, but which must be more precisely defined, altered, and perfected in accordance with the experience gained on the spot in putting the plan into practice. No F: Plan can take into account all the possil lying dormant in the depths of our system, and only brought to light in the process of work, in the course of the realization of the plan in the works and factories, collective and So- viet farms, districts, etc. Only bureaucrats can believe that the work of planning econ- omics is finished with the drawing up of the Plan. The drawing up of the Plan is only the beginning of planned economy. The real guidance of economy on planned lines does not begin until after the plan has been drawn up, after trials have been made on the spot, and during the course of the realization, revision, and preciser definition of the Plan. Therefore the C.C. and the C.C.C. conjointly with the planned economic organs of the Soviet Union, consider it necessary to correct and im- prove the Five-Year Plan in accordance with the experience gained, and to increase the tem- po of reconstruction and to shorten the terms within which certain aims are to be reached. At the Eighth Soviet Congress, during the discussion of the ten-year plan of the State Electrification Commission, L.nin made the Why the Economic Crisis Will Worsen By HARRY GANNES. UGUST brings in an abundant crop of false prophets. There over-production, not alone of commodities, but of capitalist optim- istie predictions of the end of the economic is lower production drops, the more serious becomes the economic crisis, the greater the incre: unemployment, the more loud- mouthed become the capitalist economists and the boss press in giving the crisis its death- blow—on paper. The Daily Worker, on many occasions. has exploited these fallacies and outright lies. At the beginning, of the ar I quoted trom the leading bosses, Hoover, Mellon, Lamont, Klein, a whole slew of bankers and economists, declar- ing capitalist economy is fundamentally sound, and definitely giving the crisis from a month e in to six months to eat itself up. It has already lasted a year August and the months to follow are very critical in the present cyclical ¢ The last trench of capitalist economists say here is a decisive point. In 1922 and 1924 the cyclical of those periods was liquidated, begin- ning in Augus:. Reasoning from a static and false basis, they say their econumiec history must repeat itself Sharpening World Crisis. The immediate facts and figures of the crisis, as wel sis of the sharpening world i aggravation of the post-war crisis lism, show beyond doubt that a wor- sening and not an alleviation is in store for capitalist economy. So far have the capitalist economists lost their balance, in their vulgar attempts at un- derstan ling the crisis, that their usual confu- sion has resuled in a worse hodge-podge. A few of the more “honest” spokesmen of the imperialists admit they are at sea, and that they do not have such unmitigated faith in an early termination of the crisis. Benjamin Baker, editor of the Annalist, sums up this position as follows (August 1): “July has come to an end without giving cation of the ‘unmistakable and def- urn toward prosperity’ which was so ) announced a fortnight ago from cer- tain quarters which ought to know better On the contrary. business activity in the sec- ond half of July appeared to be distinctly on the decline; for though the rate of operation in the steel industry has gone no lower in the past two weeks, automobile production has reached what is for the season a phenom- enal low point in the recent history of the industry; building contracts for practically the whole month of July were more than 40 per cent under those of July a year ago; the commodity price level continued to sag off, and. in general, there was not only an ab- sence of definite signs of recovery, but a al aecenting of the business de- Would Shout Other Way. A very gloomy picture, indeed. But it is based on immediate and empirical data. ker will just as loudly proclaim the advent of “prosperity” if the various “indexes” show a spurt upward, in reality sharpening the fun- damental nature of the crisis—overproduction. Another leading prophet of the bosses, Paul Willard Garrett, financial editor of the N. Y. Evening Post, in a vague way predicts an 8 | duction i “upturn” in the fall. But he leaves himself an ample loophole to jump through when the in- evitable deepening of the crisis comes about. His slippery words are these: “Perhaps it is natural that those who still feel confident of some improvement in Au- gust and September should wonder whether this bulge, if it comes, will hold.” “If it comes” and “will it hold’—here is real capitalist definiteness about the funda- mental movement of their economic system. Overproduction. In this connection it is necessary to em- phasize the fundamental characier of the pres- ent crisis and examine some of the means that the bosses advance for overcoming. it. Comrades Stalin and Molotov, at the Six- teenth Congress of the Communist Party, Sov- iet Union, clearly estimated the nature of the Stalin said: “Today’s economic crisis is a crisis of OVERPRODUCTION. That is, more goods are being produced than the market can ab- sorb—more fabrics, fuel, factory articles and food are being produced than the main consumers, that is, the masses of people whose incomes remain on a low level, can buy for cash. . . . It is, at the same time, a world crisis in the sense that the industrial crisis coincides with the AGRARIAN crisis affecting the production of every description of raw materials and foodstuffs in the lead- ing agrarian countries of the world.” The Journal of Commerce (July 31) points | cut that not only is there overproduction of manufactured commodities, but there is a vast overproduction in machinery of productionand in building construction. What remedies do the boss spokesmen pro- pose? Dr. Julius Klein, assistant secretary of the department of commerce, the economic paragon of the Hoover regime, urges further rationalizaton, that is, a speeding-up of one of the basic factors causing the crisis. Arno H. Johnson, in an article in the Annalist (August 1) says that American business is faced with the maintaining a high volume of production.” With all proof pointing out a further shrink- age in home and world markets, speeding up production, rationalization and maintenance of a “high volume of production” will distinctively worsen the present phase of overproduction. Shrinking Home Market. One of the main facts brought out in Mr. Johnson's article is that not only have the home markets in the United States shrunk be- cause of the unemployment of large sections of the workers, but the stock market crash lopped off a considerable amount of purchas- ing power of the netty-bourgeoisie. In the same issue of the Annalist there is another article entitled, “The Decline of Rural Buying Power and Credit in the Interior States.” The whole purport of this article is to show that the advancing agrarian crisis is rapidly reducing the purchasing power of the farmers. They are being denied creliis, In- stallment buying is being curtailed, Buying of farm implements is being cut sharply. In short, both in the industrial and agrarian sections of the country the market is fast contracting. Yet the bosses’ remedy for the crisis is more pro- (overproduction), speeding up the workers on lower wages. Then there is the matter of world markets “great problem” of “the necessity for | following observations on the principle of plan- ned economy and planned economic directives: “Our program of the Party cannot remain only a program of the Party. It must become | | Committee to the X VI. Party Congress the program of our economic reconstruction, otherwise it is worth nothing even as Party program. It must be supplemented by a sec- ond program of the Party, by a working plan for the restoration of the whole of our na- tional economy and its raising to the level of modern technics. .. . We must come to accept- ing a definite program. This will of course Wall Street Prepares War Against the Soviets of China We musr DEFEND American Lives Ann PROPERTY —By BURCK. Matthew Woll, through his lobbying or- sanization composed of 500,000 mythical “members,” has been making attacks on the Soviet Union. This is an old habit with Woll. This time he happened to get more publicity than usual because he tied up his lies with those of the Fish Committee and the monarchist forgeries purchased by Gro ver Whalen. With a view to giving the facts about the Soviet Union, in contrast to the vicious phantasies of the Wolls and the Whalens. the Daily Worker asked Labor Research As- soiciation to prepare a few articles dealing with the life of the workers in the Soviet Union. This, the fourth in the series, is by the author of the book called Labor and Silk, issued by International Publishers. Bes By GRACE HUTCHINS. ATTHEW WOLL’S lies about “forced la- workers in the United States unless they have some knowledge of the facts. After a first- | hand study of silk workers’ life in America, in | other capitalist countries, and in Soviet Rus- sia, the writer knows the following to be the truth. silk worker any real freedom.or security. That country is the Soviet Union. In the worke: republic, the silk worker, like all other indu: trial workers, has social protection against | unemployment, against illne: whether tem- ' porary or permanent, and azainst old age He has two weeks’ vacation with pay. Free med- ical care is provided: by the industry and by the state for all workers. The familv is pro- vided for in case of the death of the wage- earner. A Soviet Silk Factory. A visit to the Krasnaya Rosa (Red. Rose) silk factory in Moscow would convince any worker about the freedom of workers in So- viet Russia. As the visiti workers come | through the factory, the Russian workers look up, greet the visitors, and even Rave the looms and framers to crowd around and ask ques- tions. They are alive, enthusiastic, interested to talk and listen and exchange ideas. “This factory is our factory,” they explain “We run it and improve it because it is ours. | We shall mat it better and better and strengthen socialism year by year. Tell the workers in America to hurry up and overthrow capitalism in your country.” A majority of silk workers are women, What about women workers in the Soviet Union? Men ..nd women have equal nay for equal work. | There is no difference in the waves-for men bor” in the Soviet Union might fool some | Only in one country in the world has the | and for women. That fact in itself is as revo- itionary as anv other one result of the Soviet system. In the United States and in other canitalict countries women earn from emo-half to one-third less than men workers for the | same work. Seven-Hour Pay. A preenant woman worker has two months’ leave of ahsence with nav before the haby is born. and two months’ leave of absence with nav ofter the babv is born. is the day nursery where mothers. work Near the “actorv ix in the mill een leave their children Nursine mothers are given reeular neriods in which to nurse the haby. nrovided by th Welfere work is indestry, and each rlant eon tributes a certain ver centage of its wares | total to edueational. enltural and welfare worl And this contribution is not taken ont of the wavkows’ wages, but is really an additien tr the wages. Perhans most sienifieant of all is the fact that Russian silk workers from now on are to work only sew the textile mills have mone on the saven hour The Five-Year pally 44 honrs a da Ome hw one Plan based on the seven-hovy fav nromeeccive inerenge of nraduation and a law nracess hasis, Sette Teta te amenaea: every fifth dav is a rest dav, k weavers in eanitalict corntrics wha have heen made deaf by the thunder of the looms Here again we see a huge shrinkage. American, British, French and German ex- ports have gone away down. The agrarian crisis throughout Latin America has hit the importation of manufactured commodities from | all countries. The victory of the conservative party in Canada and the certainty of worse | tariff retaliation shuts off a large section of | this most important foreign market for Amer- ican imperialism. The Australian, Spanish Italian markets, hurt in the first instance by the worli crisis, put up further barriers against American imports in the form of higher tariffs, And now the American imperialists become alarmed over the Chinese markets. In this field not only the economic crisis, civil war and rising peasant and working-class revolution cuts them off, but they meet another factor in the form of increased competition from Great Britain and Japan. The British imperialists have sent a mission to China to get a greater share of this shrinking market away from their American competitor. Thus, here are a few of the impediments in the way of an immediate alleviation or tem- pering of the present sharp crisis. Looking back to the severe 1921-22 crisis we find certain features which aided the bosses in temporarily climbing out of that cyclical crisis in a little over a year. These features are absent today, types of building. There followe! a “building boom.” The United Siaies was taking its first big strides in Latin America, winning markets from Great Brivain. were financed and sent to Europe, due to crop failures there. The radio industry was just { springing up. The automobile indus’ »y had not | fully expanded in the home market. Piodue- tion went un from 2.000,000 cars yearly in | ments on Bolshevik “atrocities” against reli- | 1922 to 5.500.000 in 1929, The possible “new” purchasers of cars and radios in the United States dvring that period was practically exhausted. That is why the Bankers’ Journal recently declared that the vext five or ten years would be a period of “replacement”—replacement of outworn prod nets of this type. That is why the Americe> hosses make such a frantic drive for world markets. That is why Legge. chairman of the Federal Farm Board, suddenly levalere 9 com Ry the new plan | Silk Workers in Soviet Union Tell ot Freedom are especially interested in the efforts of So- viet experts t. eliminate weavers’ deafness. A young weaver from America, one of the rank and file trade union delegation to Soviet Rus- sia in 1927, found herself the subject of special interest to these textile experts in the workers’ republic on account of her deafness. They told her of their efforts to do away with the ter- rible noise of Jooms, and thus protect the weay- ers from that strain. Silk workers in the Soviet Union have the deep satisfaction of knowing’ that the industry be an approximate program. This program of the Party will not be so alterable as our real program, which can only be altered at the Party Congress. No. This program will be’ improved, worked out, perfected, and altered! every day, in every workshop, in every village’ community. . . . The experience yielded by science, and the daily work in the workshops, must be utilized in our unwearying efforts to fulfill the plan before the time fixed, so that the masses may see that by means of exper- ience we may shorten the long period dividing us from the complete restoration of industry. This depends upon us. Let us improve-our economy in every workshop, in every depot, in every field of work! Then we shall shorten the terms. And we shall shorten them.” (Vol. 17, p.p. 428-27, Russian.) It will be seen that the C.C., in altering and improving the Five-Year Plan,. in shortening the terms and accelerating the tempo, has fol- lowed the path indicated by Lenin. What are the possibilities upon which the C.C. has relied in accelerating the speed and shortening the terms for the execution of the Five-Year Plan? These possibilities are the reserves lying dormant in the depths of our system, and only revealed in the course of the work; the possibilities which have been given us by the period of reconstruction. The C.C. is of the opinion that the reconstruction of the technical basis of industry and agriculture, given the socialist organization of production, opens up such possibilities of accelerated tempo as no capitalist country may even dream of. It is solely this circumstance which makes it possible to explain why our socialist industry has more than doubled its production in the last three years, and why, production in 1930- 31 will show an increase of 47 per cent as compared with the current year, the extent of this increase alone being equal to the total pro- duction of large scale industry before the war. It is solely this circumstance which makes it possible to explain the fact that the develop- ment of the Soviet farms has exceeded the Pian within three years, that of the collective farms within two. There exists a theory that a high speed of development is only permissible in the restora- tion period, whilst the transition to the recon- struction period must be accomplished by a sharp reduction of speed from year to year. This theory is designated the theory of the “descending curve.” It is a theory for the justification of our backwardness: It has noth- ing in common with Marxism or with Lenin- ism. It is a bourgeois theory, calculated to anchor our country fast in its backwardness, Of the people who have, or have had, relations to our Party, it is only the Trotskyists, and perhaps the Right, who represent and prop- agate this theory. sy (To be continued.) is theirs and that their day’s work fits into a plan that coordinates .all industry. Workers in this country may judge for themselves the difference between this freedom and the slavery we know too well. The Hand ot Woll~The Voice of Abramovitch By PAUL NOVICK, AS Woll was droning off his statement before the Fish Committee, one often mistook him for Abramovitch, leading’ contributor of “the Forward (the “socialist” paper in New York) and emissary of the Second International. Whatever Woll possessed in his hodge-podge statement, poor Abramovitch had already re- peated a trillion times, ad nausea. There can be absolutely no question as to where Woll got. his “stuff.” The salacious Forward is ever ready at sup- plying Soviet-baiters with “information.” At the beginning of the year, when the pope and the rabbis were crusading against the Soviets, the so-called Ametican Jewish Congress, an institution which is resting in the vest-pocket of pompous Rabbi Wise, was out for “infor- mation.” The Forward proved. very obliging. At a meeting of this “congress” (which was, incidentally by the above Mr. Fish!) state- ' gion were read. The statements were prepared passion for the starving Chinese millions and | nroposes shipping wheat to them—if they can lie np the money to pay for it. Then in 1921-22 the “reconstruction” of Fu- rope was going on with American “help.” These “recons'ructed” countries are now them- selves formidable competitors in the world market. Germany has advanced even frther than the United States in the march of ration- alization in some important industries, Thus when the bosses and their agents pre- dict an end to the crisis this fall, or this winter, or next spring. they talk through their hats. They give their wishes the toga of prophets. As the crisis wor and as the home mar- ket continues to shrink, there will be even # sharner battle for the world marte’s. The tariff act was one of the big guns in this fight. | The increased armaments pre nart of the drive In 1921-22 there wes a dearth of various | Large shipments of wheat | —a drive towards war. And the further cut- ting of wages all alone the line will be a sten in this process which will hit all workers hard. The workers must gird themselves for sharper ciass battles. Unemployment will grow enormously, Wage-cuts already hended out to thousands will come down in veritable typhoons. Only under revolutionary working- class leadership will the workers be able to of- fer serious” and necessary resistance, a by Cahan’s underling, named Shub, the For- ward anti-Soviet expert, and by a certain “pro- fessor” Kroll, contributor to the monthly “Zu- kunft,” which the Forward is publishing. The Forward serves as a national research department for all anti-Soviet blackguards. And it goes without saying that by printing the “materials” of the infamous Bessedovsky the Forward has done the greatest service to the ezarists in America, to the Fish committee, to Mr Whalen. It was with great delight that the chief of Tammany’s spy system, Mr. Lyons, presented the translation of Bessedovsky’s articles in the Forwar] to the Fish committee. Since then, these articles became the Koran of the Wash- ington savants and were made much use of when the representatives of the Amtorg were “heard,” or to be more correct, were shouted at. The “socialists,” through their organ, have done their bit for the Fish committee. Small wonder Fish has declared in the press that his committee will not hurt the “socialists.” It was very much necessary for the shrewd cor- poration lawyer who acts as chairman for the “socialist” party to “protest.” But this “pro- test” alone speaks loudly enough for the coun- ter-revolutionary role of the “socialist” party. “Forced Labor” in U. S. 8. R., Hillquit Testifies. Before sailing for one of the European re- sorts Mi. Hillquit, while on board the luxurious He de France, said the following, as quoted by } , ih the reporter for the Néw York Times (Aug. 2): “The theory. that the. pulpwood:is-a pro- duct of convict labor, is untenable,” Mr. ‘Hill- quit declared, “unless it is extended to all Soviet goods which, to a degree, aré ‘pro- duced under conditions of: férced labor.” It surely is below the dignity of any worker to enter into a discussion with the head of the Civid Federation (Woll), or with the. share- holder of Burns’ open shop coal trust (Hill- quit) as to the conditions of workers in the land where Socialism is being built and which land these armed workers are ready to defend with their lives, if necessary. As far as the “freedom”. of the American workers, the needle trades workers, for in- stance, who have been robbed and ruined and bled white by Woll and Hillquit, the “brains” of the combination of bosses, underworld, Tam- many police and labor racketeers, could have something to say about it. The “freedom” of these workers, as of most other workers in, the United States, consists of being “free” to slave under the heels of the bosses and labor grafters or to starve (or both). What is particularly characteristic in the corporation lawyer’s “protest;” —is that he spreads the same malicious propagand (“forced labor”) and asks for the same re=trie- tions (“unless” the ban is extended, etc.) as Matthew Woll does. a What Woll, Fish, the czarists, the Forward and Abramovitch are doing in the ‘open, the lawyer wants. to hide under the veil of @ so- called “protest.” It is. too transparent “a veil. The “socialists” stand exposed in their. full nakedness as the allies of. Woll, Fish and the czarists, Workers! Join the Party of Your Class! , Communist Party U. S.A. 48 Hast: 125th Street, New York City” 1. the undersizned want to join the Commu- nist Party Send me more information. Name . Address iscsi eteec eee cee Uity. F Occupation 6.68 oe eeeee es ABQ ee Mail thie to the Central Office. Compe Party, 43 Kest 125th St.. New York, N. alo ca the na) vat has al