The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 26, 1930, Page 6

iia oh Set tetanic i t 4 . insurance is provided for all workers. : tah Page Six mrnie Nee sand ¢ the Comproda rk fly Bs abtishing Cox r : 1 ali checks - the Ty ally ex« ent Sunday, at 26 : hy Wor 28 Unton By mail everywhere: One year $6; 1 Manhattan and Bronx, New York City, and foreign, which are: One yr. $8; six mons. $1.50 SUBSCRIPTION RATES: x months $3; two months $1; excepting Boroughs of The Political “ae of the Central ry of the Communist P arty of the Soviet Union Comrade J. Il. The Increasing Progress of the Building-Up of Snciatiant: and the Inner Situation of the Soviet Union. 5. The Turn of the pecans Towards So- cialism and the Tempo of Development of the Seviet and Collective Farms. The peasantry has not turned suddenly to- wards collectivization. It is a turn which in- deed could not be taken abrupt: It is true that the slogan of collect issued as early as the Fifteenth Party Congr mation of the Slogan does n re that the m: of the rf To accomplish ona anther point is necessary, and that is to convince the peas- ants themselves of the correctness of the gan proclaimed, so that they adopt it as t own slogan. Therefore this turn gradually prepared. It has been p: the whole course of our develo) whole development of our of the industry procuring machines tors for agriculture. It has been prepared by the policy of determined combat against the kulaks and by the course taken by our grain collecting campaign in their new forms in 1928 and 1929, placing the kulak undertakings un- der the control of the masses of the middle and poor peasantry. This turn has been further prepared by the development of the agricultural co-opera which have taught the peasants of the indivi ual farms the art of collective work. been prepared by the network of collective farms enabling the peasants to recognize the advantages of collective forms of economic undertakings as compared with individual un- dertakings. And finally, it has been prepared follow by the network of Soviet farms which are | spread all over the Soviet Union, and are equipped with up-to-date technical en. abling the peasants to convince themselves of the powers and advantages of modern tech- It has | ee in our Soviet yuree of gr ippl In ‘ms, with their ne equipr h the help which give the peas » with their hither known economic range, are that leadi which ha: ed this turn among | es of the p , and led them onto the + of collect | Upon movement of millions of poor ants has come into being, second half of 192: nd middle pea beginning in the and opening the period of life of our the erent trinsformation in the C.C.. at its head The m three lines ave been e of the o along tion and financing of the Soviet fa the line of the organization and fin: the collective farm and finally along the jine of che oe ion - the con: ction of trae- and of the machines ctor stations, provisioning of the vil by means of machi by means of tractor gangs, etc (a) As early ag Apr'l, 1 the Political Bureau of the C.C. resolved upon the organ- ization of new Soviet ns within three to ; four years, and calculated that by the end of this term these Soviet farms would put at least 100 million poods of grain on the market. This decisi n was then confirmed by the Plen- um of the ( The grain trust was organ: | ized, and received the order to ca’ out the decision. At the same time a decision was passed on th» consolidation of the old Soviet | farms, and on the extension of the cultivated Working Women! Protest on Aug, 1 Against. By ANNA DAMO 'HE 16th anniversary of the imperialist war is approaching. Under the slogan of a “War to end all wars,” the capitalists and their governments succeeded in forcing the work- ers to wage the most horrible war in history in the interest of the capitalist. class. Over 20,000,000 were killed and crippled in a war for greater profits and more markets for the ruling class. United States bankers and big busine: came out of this blood bath the most pros- perous of the world robbers. But even this prosperity only marked time, it could not last, nor did it prevent the approach of the economic crisis in the U. S., now gripping and develop- | ing throughout the entire capitalist world, which is shaking capitalism off its foundation. The working class, after paying the heavy penalties at the battle fields, were once more forced by the same capitalist powers to pay | The conditions of the | for the cost of the war. entire working class in all the capitalist coun- tries have since the war, become worse. Un- employment, wage cuts, speed-up, lengthening | of hours, employment of women and children for half the wages of the male workers, has | reduced the conditions of the working class to virtual slavery. In the U. S. A., over tert million women are slaving in industry under intolerable condi- tions of exploitation. Due to the policy of the | bosses of replacing skilled by unskilled women workers as a cheap labor source, and to the severe unemployment, women today are in many instances becoming the sole breadwin- ners of the family and as such have the dou- ble burden of factory and home. Through the low wages of women workers, no vacations, lack of maternity, unemployment and social insurance of any kind, the bosses are able to further undermine the health of the women workers and to send them on the scrap heap at the age of 80 to 35. The effect of the in- tensified exploitation of the women workers is lowering the standard of living of the entire working class. All of these problems will be discussed and a program of action adopted at the first International Working Women’s Con- ference, which will be held in Moscow, U. 8. S. R., at the close of the Fifth Congress of the Red International of Labor Unions. In the fight for better working conditions, the em- ployed and unemployed men and women work- ers must organize and strike for equal pay for equal work, for higher wages and shorter hours, for social and unemployment insurance under the leadership of the Trade Union Unity League, section of the Red International of Labor Unions. On the other hand, in the Soviet Union, the country where the workers have driven out the landlords and the bosses and have estab- lished a Workers and. Farmers’ Government, the conditions of the workers have steadily im- proved, especially the conditions of the women workers. Wages are now far above pre-war _ level, unemployment is being wiped out. The 7-hour day is now in effect in nearly all in- dustries, the workers work four days and rest the fifth.. Special unemployment and _ social The women workers receive special maternity in- surance and protection of motherhood. Equal pay for equal work is a living reality. _ With the ‘successful carrying out of the Five-Year Plan, thousands of women are being trained as skilled workers and through the construction of thousands of additional nur- . series, playgrounds, communal kitchens, laun- _ dries and restaurants, women are being re- lieved more than ever from the drudgery of household cares and are being given ever greater opportunities to take an active and part. in the construction of Socialism, ~ # is only under a workers’ government like the Soviet Union that women can be freed. iia The Five-Year Plan is steadily increasing “the tempo-of. socialist construction and the power of the U. S. S. R. Today it yas a living example to the workers of J men | Imperialist War ism over capitalism. The contradiction of the systems, the socialist and capitalist, hastens the preparations of war by the imperialist powers against the Soviet Union. The growing economic crisis sharpens the | struggle for world markets and sources for | raw material among the imperialist ‘powers, | greatly increasing the danger of a new war | among the imperialist nations and in particu- lar against the Soviet Union. How feverishly the imperialist countries are preparing for war | ean best be judged when we examine the ex- | penditure in the past year for armaments. In 1918, the U. S., England, France, Italy and Japan, spent $1,040,000,000 for armaments, in 1926, $1,770,000,000 and in 1930, they are to spend $2,600,000,000. In other words, since the war and in spite of the fake “peace” pacts and so-called limitation of armaments confer- ences, the outstanding imperialist countries more than doubled their expense for war prep- arations. The U. S. A. will spénd $2,831,825,- 962 a year for preparations and results of war according to a tabulated statement submitted by Senator Wesley L. Jones, chairman of the \*Senate Court of Appropriations, but not one cent for the relief of the eight million work- ers and their families. | War is being prepared, not only technically, | but also politically and psychologically. The | ruling class in the U. S., together with the fas- cist A. F. of L., and the socialist party are paving the way to lead the workers submis- | sively into the next war, by keeping the facts of U. S. war preparations from the working ,class, and by creating illusions that peace is "possible under capitalism. The Fish “investigation,” the Pope, Elihu Root, and the fascist A. F. of L., the socialist party, the renegades of Communism, are all united against the Communist Party and the American working class. They are trying to check the rising militancy and resistance of the- workers by jailing the Communist ieaders, Foster, Amter, Minor, Raymond and hundreds of others and aiming to destroy the Communist Party and the Trade Union Unity League, thereby rendering the working class leaderless and helpless in their fight against increasing unemployment, wage cuts, speed-up and the brutal attacks of the capitalists. In these war preparations, the working women are not forgotten by the bourgeois and their lackeys.. Laws are being passed for the mobilization of the entire population in the coming war. The use of arms is being taught to women under the guise of sports in most of the high schools and colleges. The Young Women’s Christian Association, the Women’s Trade Union League and the numerous social- ist and women’s organizations are fascist or- ganizations through which the bosses work to render the working women helpless in the com- ing war by spreading illusions of peace, thus being unprepared when war breaks out, The latest move on the part of the War Depart- fnent of thé United States to drum up senti- ment for the coming war is the sending of a delegation of war mothers to France to visit the graves of their sons twelve years after the war, appropriating $5,386,367 for this purpose. Following its usual Jim Crow and lynching policy, the U. S. government segregated the Negro war mothers, sent them over on cheap- er and slower boats, deprived them of the com- forts provided for white women, The’ fascist A. F. of L., their appendage, the Women’s Trade Union League, the social- fascist Musteites and the socialist party, are trying to hide their real faces as agents of the imperialists by their sham talk of peace and endorsements of all kinds of “peace” pacts, ete., invented by the capitalists to keep the real facts of war preparedness from the work- ers. While at the same time, they endorse the murderous policy of U. S. imperialism in China, Nicaragua, Mexico. They O, K. the lynching of Negro workers and the prepara- tions for war agaigst the Soviet Union. The increased attdtks of the capitalist class upon the working class, the steadily worsen- ing conditions of the workers, the glorious ex- area, founded and was ing out of this di It must be were made again mmissioned with the carry- The Central of the Soviet farms was , portunist section of our Party. It was sug- gested that the money invested in the Soviet farms was “thrown away.” Criticism came too from “scientists’—supported by the op- portunist elements of the Party—who regarded Kathe Workers! On Aug. Ist, Demand That Billions Be Spent for Un- employment Insurance Not Armaments! _ The Party Must Make a Turn Editor’s Note—The Central Committee will vublish excerpts, of reports and speeches rom the Seventh Convention of our Party, wrranged according to subjects. By this nethod it will be possible better to discuss the convention reports and to establish a clear understanding of the line established by the convention. The major subdivisions will be: 1. Economie and political situation and general perspectives and line of the Party. 2. Building of the revofutionary trade unions. 3. Work among the Negro masses. 4. Party Campaigns and Party building. «oe * From the Political Report of the Central Committee to the Seventh Convention of the Communist Party of the U. S, A. By MAX BEDACHT. , (Continued) THe turn required of our Party is in the direction of the Party becoming the organ- izer and leader of the workers in their daily struggle. The uneven development of the crisis itself will tend to maintain capitalist illusions on the part of the workers. The radicalization of the working masses cannot become a force- ful political factor without our Party’s Bolshe- vik activities. The political offensive of the bourgeoisie through fascist terrorization and persecution and the economic offensive through rational- ization and wage cuts, must therefore be met by the Party with a conscious, systematic plan and policy of organizing a counter-offensive of the proletariat. Revolutionization of the working class must be the answer to the fas- cization of the bourgeoisie, Industrial organ- ample of the improved conditions of the work- ers in the Soviet Union have had a revolu- tionary effect on the American working class. The workers are fighting back. “Strikes are taking place daily against wage cyts, speed- up. In all these strikes and demonstrations, the women are joining with the men and in many instances are leading in the struggle. Ella May Wiggins, southern textile worker, was shot by the police for her militant ac- tivities in organizing the textile workers. On March 6th, May ist, and in the tremendous demonstrations against the murder of the workers, Comrades Katovis, Gonzalez, Levy, Weizenberg, the women workers proved that they are equally stalwart fighters in the cause of the working class. On August 1st, International Anti-War Day, the working women must again show their revolutionary determination by participating in demonstration in protest against imperial- ist war, in defense of the Soviet Union. White and Negro women from the shops and fac- tories, the Communist Party calls upon you to organize anti-war committees in the shops; i t ization of the proletariat, strike against wage cuts and struggle against rationalization, must be the answer to capitalist. rationalization and wage cuts. There are tendencies in the Party to wait for the effects of radicalization. These com- rades do'not see and understand the meaning of the mass turnout of workers in the Katovis, March 6 and’ May 1 demonstrations. These comrades are -waiting for the workers to strike and are unable to see that the initiative for proletarian action rests in its leadership. They are unable to see that the fascist element in the leadership of the American Federation of Labor is consciously working for the preven- tion of struggle. If the Communist Party is “waiting” for these struggles, instead’ of sup- plying the generative force, the intiative and leadership for the workers’ struggle, then the radicalization of the masses cannot develop into a revolutionary class force against the bourgeoisie. The Party must definitely abandon past prac- tices of spectacular record action. Such spec- tacular record action does not create revolu- tionary life. It merely creates noise for self- deceptive purposes. Spectacular record action is an unwholesome inheritance of the factional past of the Party. The organization and leadership of the work- ers for struggle must be carefully planned by our Party. Only-in this way will we establish our Party as the leader: of the working class and build our Party into a Communist mass Party of action. Only thus will we win the majority of the sete class to follow our banner. Our Party must soe the immediate pro- blems of the workers the starting point of all of its actions. To elevate the understanding of the working masses to the point of revolu- Elect delegates to the united front anti-war conferences beinx keld in your city! Come in a kody frora your factory and organi-ations! Organize to take part in the demonstration right after work cn Friday, August 1st! On August Ist, International Anti-War Day, working men and women, Negro and white, mobilize for struggle under the leadership of the Comnn 15st Party of ikg U. S.A. or the overthrow of the caa‘tuiis: ‘system anl the es- tablishment of the dictatorship. of the prole- tariat! Fight for equal pay for equal work! De- mand social insurance against unemployment, maternity, sickness, old age! Fight for the {-hour day, 5-day week! Fight against speed-up, wage-cuts! Fight for the release of Foster, Amter Min- or, Raymond and others, imprisoned for fight- ing for unemployment insurance! ¥ Fight for complete social, economic and poli- tical equality of the Negroes! Not a cent for armaments—all funds to the unemployed! Down with capitalist wars! Out on the streets on August Ist’ seul to the XVI. Party Congress Stalin’ gy Address on. 27th June 193¢ 1930 the organization ‘of large Soviet farms as im- possible and senseless. But the C.C. kept to its line and carried out its decisions in spite of all this. In 1927-28 65.7 million roubles (apart from the short-term credits) were expended on fin- ancing the Soviet farms. In 1928-29 185.8 million roubles. Finally, in the current year, 356.2 million roubles. During the period un- der report, 18,000 tractors with a total of 35, 000 h.p. were placed at the disposal of the Soviet farms. What have been the results of these meas- ures? In 1928-29, the area cultivated by the grain trust was 150,000 hectares; in 1929-30, 1,060,- 000 hectares; in 1930-31, 4,500,000 hectares; in 1931-32, the area will be 9,000,000 hectares, and in 1932-33, by the end of the Five-Year Plan, 14 million hectares.. In 1928-29, the sown area of the Soviet. Farms Central was 430,000 hectares; in 1929-30, 860,000 hectares; in 1930-31, it will reach 1,800,000 hectares; 1931-32, 2 million hectares, and in 1932-32, 2,500,000 hectares. In 1928-29, the area ma tivated by the Association of the Soviet Far of Ukraine amounted’ to 170,000 hectares; in 1929-30, 280,000 hectares; in 1930-31, 500,000 hectares; in 1932-33, it will be 720,000 hectares. The area cultivated (for grain) by the Asso- ciation of the Sugar Beet Soviet Farms was 780,000 hectares in 1928-29, 820,000 hectares in 1929-30, 860,000 in 1930-31, and will reach 980,000 hectares in 1931-32 and 990,000 hec- tares in 1932-33. This means in the first place that by the end of the Five-Year Plan all Soviet farms, taken together, will be growing grain on an area one million hectares greater than that now cultivated in Canada. (Applause.) With respect to the gross production and the production of market grain, by the Soviet farms, the last few years have brought the following developments: In 1927-28, the gross production of all Soviet farms amounted to 9.5 million hudred-weights, of which 6.4 mil- lion cwt. were market grain; in 1928-29, 12.8 | million ewt., of which 7.9 million cwt. were market grain; in 1929-30, according to all data, 28.2 million ewt. will be reached, of which 18 million ewt. (108 million poods) will be market grain; in 1930-31, we shall have 71.1 million ewt., of which 62 million cwt. (370 million poods) will be market grain, ete., ete. These are the results already obtained and to be expected from the Soviet farming policy of our Party. According to the decision of the Polbureau of the ©.C, of April, , on the organiz tion of new Soviet farms, we should have r ceived at least 100 million poods of market grain in 1931-32. In reality we shall receive from the new Soviet farms alone more than 200 million poods in 1931-: This doublés the actual program. Those who ridiculed the decision of the Pol- bureau made nobody but themselves ridiculous. According to the Five-Year Plan confirmed by the Soviet Congress, we were to attain a eul- tivated area of 5 million hectares in the whole of the Soviet farms of all systems by the end of the five years, In reality we have already in this year reached a cultivated area of 3.8 million hectares, controlled by the Soviets, and next year, the third of the Plan, the area will be 8 million hectares. This means that in three years we carry out and outdistance the Five-Year program of Soviet farming development. According to the Five-Year Plan, we should have a gross production of grain in the Soviet farms of 54.3 million ewt. In reality the Soviet farms have already reached a gross production of grain of 28.2 million ewt. and next year we shall have 71.1 million ewt. This means that in thre years we carry out and outdistance the gross production of grain as laid down in the Five-Year Plan. The Five Year Plan in three years. Now let the bourgeois journaille and their opportunist spokesmen cavil that it is impos- sible to realize and outstrip the Five-Year Plan of Soviet farming development in three years. Food Workers’ Struggle and Aug. 1 By S. WISEMAN. (Sec’y. Food Workers’ Industrial Union.) ee present economic crisis which is becom- ing sharper daily, is bringing more misery to the working class. The capitalist class, tempted to find a way out of the crisis are forcing wage cuts on the workers, new speed- up, lengthening the hours. The present crisis is a crisis of over-pro- duction. Over seven millions of workers’ are already thrown out of industry in this present crisis of over-production. The capitalist class throughout the world see no way out of the present crisis but through still farther worsen- ing the conditions of the workers and through a redivision of the colonies of the imperialist countries. The redivision of the colonies of the imperialist countries inevitably means an- other world war. In the Soviet Union, the working class is building up industry at a tremendous speed. The standard of living of the working class and poor peasantry is at a much better stand- ard and the security for the masses and the Soviet Union is becoming more definite and secure with the building of Socialism, which is already successful, The food workers, part of the American working class, in a very important industry, must be mobilized with quicker speed and more determination in the struggle against unem- ployment, wage cuts, and war. Tens of thousands of food workers are un- employed . Unheard of misery among the basic section of the proletariat in the food industry. Packing house workers are being driven to the last. The factory workers are undergoing wage cut after wage cut, lay-off after lay-off. Big combinations of capital in the industry are laid on the backs of the workers because we have not been able to organize an effective struggle through the building of a national or- ganization up till the present time. The struggle of the food workers throughout the country is part of the struggle of the whole working class and in the struggle against war, the food workers must be mobilized through real preparation for the August lirst demon- strations against war in the tens of hundreds of thousands. In the shops of the organized as well as th. unorganized, workers’ anti-war committees must set up defense groups which are to be linked up in the struggle against the oncoming wage cuts, more speed-up and the war preparations of American capitalism. It is a part of the same struggle—lIt is the same struggle, and without a real struggle for the overthrow of capitalism which brings untold misery to the working class. THe food workers must march forward to the organization of a national union under the leadership of the Trade Union Unity League. In the-next fow weeks we must make inroads into the factories, hold shop gate meetings for the building of shop committees and the draw- ing out of the thousands of workers from the factories into our demonstrations against war. ne eerste nec cnet En EEN DE OC Se A ES EO tionary action does not and cannot mean to disregard the immediate problems of the work- ers. It does not and cannot mean to advise the workers on all occasions with the stereo- typed phrase: “You cannot solve your problem except through revolution.” Our duty is, first, to get the workers to learn that nobody will solve their problems for them, that they themselves are the only force able to solve these problems through struggle. Second: To organize them for and to lead them in the struggles for the solution of their everyday problems. Third: To prove to them in these daily strug- gles that the organized class force of the work- ers can successfully solve problems of the workers, Fourth: That capitalism reproduces and multiplies day by day its problems and that, therefore, the problems of the workers can be definitely solved only through revolution, through a political struggle against and through the overthrow of capitalism. Fifth: To develop in*the working masses in these daily struggles self-confidence and con- fidence in the program and in the leadership of the Communist Party. It is therefore by the activities of the Com- munist Party in these daily struggles and in the solution of the daily problems of the work- ers that we serve our revolutionary aim. The daily struggles are not our final objective. They are a method by which alone our rev- olutionary objective can be realized. Capitalism produces all the obpective factors of its own defeat. It produces the working class; and it produces its own crisis which demand revolu- tionary solution. But without the conscious revolutionary action of the working class, a revolutionary solution is impossible. The cons- cious revolutionary action of the working class is the indispensable subjective factor of rev- olution, Without this subjective factor, there will be, there can be no revolution. The Communist Party is the only force to develop this subjective factor. Whether there will be a proletarian revolution in America, therefore, does not only depend on capitalism producing its crisis but also on the Communist Party organizing and developing into a fight- ing revolutionary force the majority of the proletariat which will prevent the capitalist class from solving its crisis at the expense of the workers and which instead will solve this crisis by a revolutionary liquidation of capital- ie of capitalist rule and of the capitalist class. The capitalist class is fully conscious of this. That is why it directs the blows against the SS OR ee ee aS ee ee ee eae working class; first of all, against the Com- munists. It is to this end that we are blessed with the various criminal syndicalist and cri- minal anarchist laws, sedition laws and laws like the anti-insurrection law of the state of Georgia. It is to this end that we’are blessed with the congressional investigation of poor Mr. Hamilton Fish. In this so-called investigation every anti-labor stool pigeon will be able to earn patriotic laurels by lying like hell. Every anti-Soviet forger will earn congressional cita- tion for his services in saving the countny for ‘Wall Street. Every betrayer of labor will earn, aside from his salary as an officer of the A. F. of L. a special bonus from the employers of the Umited States for his treachery to the working class. The line of activities of the Party must sup- ply the means of mobilizing the workers against all measures of the bourgeoisie. Whatever measures the capitalists may take against our Party, against the revolutionary labor unions, against active organizers and agitators, they cannot and will not dissolve the Basie organized gathering place of workers, the shops and fac- tories. There the working class gathers in its entirety; there it gathers irrespective of whether it is organized or unorganized; there it gathers irrespective of race, sex or color. Communist agitation in the shops reaches the working class. Communist organization in the shop binds.the working class to the Communist Party. Industrial organization work in the shops reaches all of the workers. ‘The shop and factory is therefore the primary field of action for our Party. The struggle against the fascist leadership of the A, F. of L. can only be met with united fronts of the revolutionary workers with those still following the leadership of the A. F. of L. for the solution of immediate problems. Such united fronts can have their base only in the shops, The war danger can be met only ‘by mobilizing the working class in the shops for struggle against war, against armaments. The problem of building the Communist Par- ty into a revolutionary mass party of action and of winning the majority of the working class is the problem of transfering the major part of our activities into the shops. The turn towards the shops and factories is the decisive turn imperatively demanded from our Party. The turn towkrds the shops and factories is the. turn in the policies of our Party which this convention must achieve and for which this convention must mobilize every bite tied of the Party. a ]