The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 28, 1930, Page 6

SUBSCRIPTION. By mail everywhere: One year $6; six months $8; two months er ae | Maobettan and Bronx. New York City and forelan. which are: ‘One yea i; Published by the Comprodatly gel eb Co., Inc., daily, except Sunday, at 26-28 Onion Sguare, New York City, N. Y. Telephone Stuyvesant 1696-7-8. Cable: "DAIWORK.” Addreee and mail all checks to tse Daily Worker 26-28 Union Sauare New York N ¥ Daily [2% Worker OES Organ of the Sunn ‘Party of ane a 8. A. Page Six ee HOW PRISONS ARE RUN IN THE DS HOW THE G. P. U. HANDELS CRIMINALS The Waick of the Church and of Capitalist inne dere > report, ir* $ Commissio By ARTHUR FRED. Te bourgeoisie in its implacable hatred and fear of the remarkably efficient instrument of the dictatorship of the proletariat to track down counter-revolutionary plots of every de- seription to the conster ion of the plotters have been carrying on a bitter campaign against the G. P. U. The bourgeoisie is deliberately spreading the idea that the G. P. U. is some kind of secret terroristic organization which swoops down upon innocent people to sp hem away and never to be heard from. They have put to use their prostituted imaginative writers to concoct dime novel stories of the supposed exploits of the G. P. U. This is being done not only to prevent the masses from under- standing and appreciating the marvelou powerful arm of the Soviet Union in ing all kinds of dastardly crimes again such as the bringing to light of the ne of economic and political espionage in the Ukraine, the now famous Si ty Trial, the deliberate sabotage of the British intriguers in the Lena Gold fields and the many other numerous instances of sabotage. The propa- ganda of the bourgeoisie against the G. P. U. is also intended to lull the masses into ac- cepting the bourgeois “legal” terroristic and fascist organizations; the Scotland Yards, the “Department of Justice” in the U. S. A., New York’s Chief of Police Whalen’s undercover provoeateurs in the left wing labor movement, ete. The writer is naturally proud of the G.P.U., and it was with great eagerness that the op- portunity presented If in a visit to the “Commune of Labor No. 1, G.P.U.” to see some of its activities. This Commune was organized five years ago under the inspiration of Comrade Dzerzhinsky, formerly head of the G.P.U., to regenerate those who have committed crimes against the Soviet Union, to fit them into Soviet life and to be useful to society and to themselves. This institution characterizes the sharp contrasts between the Soviet Union and capitalist so- ciety. The bourgeoisie shows its hatred and venom in mortal fear in defense of its prop- erty rights. It therefore treats these unfor- tunates as beasts of prey, hounding them, burning them to death by the hundreds as was the case in the recent catastrophe in a prison in the U. S., making them outcasts, prevent- ing them from again becoming part of society. In the Soviet Union things are done just the reverse. It is recognized that crime is essen- tially an economic questiog and that ages of oppression, ignorance, hate, pre-Soviet envir- onmental influences are responsible for the commission of crime, from which those who commit them have not yet succeeded to free themselves. They are therefore given full op- portunity to train themselves to become use- ful members of society. It was with this aim in view that the Commune was organized. The “Commune of Labor, G.P.U.,” is sit- uated in a village near Moscow in a typically beautiful Russian pine forest and having rich cultivable lands. There are no sombre, men- acing walls with parapets and murderous ercstur’; at machine guns. The entrance is through a gate like that to a farm house, which leads into a wide avenue through a pine forest into a very spacious opening where some of the members are at p! There is no rattling of heavy steel doors, no fearsome looking guards. We walked into the Com- mune, not being certain whether we were in the right place and only after inquiring were we directed to the office. There we found a very pleasant, intelligent young G.P.U. man, apparently the head of the institution. His office is not a fortress surrounded by innum- erable guards like the offices of prison heads in bourgeois jails. Anyone has access to this office. Composition of Commune. We were taken around the Commune by this officer, who walked unarmed greeting people he met genially and an occasional hand- shake, This was the first impression which imbedded itself deep into our consciousness. The Commune is composed of 826 boys and girls of ages from 16 to 24 years, with 10 per cent of this number being girls. Member- ship and methods of admission to this Com- Mune is very remarkable. Anyone who is still serving a prison sentence, or who have finished their term can apply for admission The applicant is investigated by a committee elected by the Commune, who visit the prison the applicant was an inmate and carries on other investigations. The committee then re- ports its findings to a general meeting of the Commune and only upon decision of the Com- mune is the applicant admitted or not. The @.P.U. does not decide upon the case. When once admitted they receive full privileges of any other member of the Commune. The Commune is self sustaining, growing most of its own food supply. the Commune work in several factories mak- ing sport goods, of which more will be men- tioned later, agricultural work, and other work necessary for the maintenance of the Com- mune. After their eight hours of work every member is absolutely free to’ do with his time what he pleases and go where he pleases. They can visit relatives, go to Moscow (the near- est large city) to study, ete. They must, how- ever, be in the dormitories at a given hour and of course must be at work and on time. The members receive full trade union rates for their work and pay for their upkeep out of their earnings. The Commune is organized on a_ strictly democratic basis. There are no guards, no prison cells and no_ individual punishment. The whole administration is composed of eight people, the remaining administrative force being volunteer help from amongst the mem bers of the Commune, Discipline is self im posed and thoroughly democratic. No indi vidual has the right of discipline. The gen eral meeting of the Commune elects various committees from its own ranks, who are high ly respected by the members. There are three committees which are interesting and typical: “Dormitory Commission. Factory Comm: and Conflict Commission.” The Dormitory Commission checks up on the members going to sleep on time. The “Fac tory Commission” checks un on attendance a’ the factories, on coming on tire ond enera} factory diseinline. Beth of these co- ement of rules to the “Conflict The members of | | The “Conflict Commission.” | The “Conflict Commission” hears all cases of breaking of rules. The vast majority of cases of broken rules are: drinking, come to sleep late and not reporting to work. After investigating cases of infringement of rules the “Conflict Com ion” reports its findings to the general meeting of the Commune, which alone can decide upon punishment. The pun- ishment in the greatest majority of cases con- sists in putting certain restrictions upon the eedom of the guilty, such as prohibition from going to Moscow, visit relatives, etc., for a given period of time. As an illustration of the splendid discipline and confidence placed in the members of the Commune is the in- stance when the whole Commune went to Mos- cow to participate in the huge May Day cele- bration with not a single member remaining in Moscow when the whole group returned. There is no set time which a member of the Commune must remain. When the mem- ber enters he is put to a task, taught a trade and absorbed in a network of social organ- izations designed to draw every member of the Commune into the social life of the So- viet Union, to understand and appreciate the genuine efforts being made to bring back their self respect and become members of a work- ers’ society. These social organizations con- | sist of study circles, dramatic circles, orches- tras, sport clubs and a host of other activi- ties. Quite a number of members of the Com- mune attend schools in Moscow studying jour- nalism, movies, literature, engineering, etc. There are also schools in the Commune in mechanical drawing, auto mechanics, mathe- matics, physics, chemistry, the study of the German language (other languages to be given later), etc. Illiterates are taught to read and write. The freedom of the members of the Com- mune extends to their right to marry inside or outside the Commune. The husband and | wife both live in the Commune and are given individual quarters, as otherwise, the unmar- | ried live in dormitories of about eight to ten people in one room, there being separate men’s and women’s dormitories. The dormitories are located in three large modern buildings, well ventilated, clean and with plenty of sunshine. In the dormitories are very comfortable | lounge rooms, which also serve as reading | rooms, chess playing, studying, etc. Electric | plug and earphones for radio is attached to | each chair. This is done so as not to disturb | those who care to concentrate, thus avoiding a | loud speaker. The children of the members of | the Commune are cared for in the Commune, | with kindergartens, schools, etc. | Food and Sports. | There is a communal dining room serving | very excellent food, communal stores, large | athletic track and football field. The Com- | mune hockey team is the best in the whole of | the Soviet Union. The Commune has its own theatre seating more than 1,000, with their own band of 75 people, dramatic groups. Every once in a while the Meyerhold and other first rate theatres come to the Commune te per- form for them. The Commune issues its own newspaper, edited, written and nrinted by the members. Anyone can write what they chose. Should there be disagreements they are print- ed in the paper. They have speciai meetings | of self criticism, ete. A member, after having been in the Com- mune for some time, can either apply in per- son to be released, or the Commune itself, after considering that the member has been sufficiently absorbed into Soviet life and can be of service to society, decides at a general meeting of the Commune to grant such rights. The granting of this right restores a member to full citizenship, is made a member of the union and becomes a full fledged Soviet citi- zen. After receiving this right the member can decide whether to remain in the Commune or not. Quite a number of those who have been released remain in the Commune, since around this Commune quite a large industrial center is springing up and he can work in the factories belonging to the Commune, enjoy its privileges, ete, Just three of many instances to illustrate the remarkable effectiveness of this human means of restoring to society people who otherwise would have been a menace and who in capitalist countries would die in the dun- geons or be habitual criminals. The following story was told us by a member of the Com- mune. He served five years in prison for complicity in a murder. Upon being released he considered his career to be a criminal one. He had no social outlook and was ready to accept the life of a criminal. He had heard of the Commune, but at first considered it use- less and utopian and was very cynical towards it. However, he made an attempt to enter and was admitted. He became a member of the “Conflict Commission,” after being in the Commune three years, is highly respected by the members of the Commune and in telling his story he showed a splendid consciousness of his new role in society and spoke of his past in a highly intelligent and_ political manner. | A Member Returns. There is another case of a former member | 1 othods used by the first workers’ and peas- of the Commune, who came to the Commune before his prison term was up, was a member of the Commune for four years, released from the Commune, joined the Red Army for two years and is now chief guard in the prison he originally served. The heai of the schools in the Commune served a prison sentence for a political crime against the Soviet Union, This man is also the chief psychologist of the Commune, being an authority on penology. The certainty of the methods of the work- ers’ state reform methods can be seen by the “set that after a member has been released from the Commune, he is eligible for mem- bership in the Communist Party. Such candi- ‘ates, however, have to serve a two year can- idacy, while workers have to serve only six months candidacy. This fact testified to the effectiveness of the methods used to regen- erate criminals in the Soviet Union when it is considered that only the most trustworthy, intelligent, self-sacrificing,. politically eon- scious workers are eligible for membership in the Communist Party, which is the main- stay of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the guide and leader of the Russian masses in | their march towards the building of socialism. The me’hods and means by which this Com une is self sus‘ainine are very absorbine. We weve teven throucth six excellently con | structed modern factories, well ventilated and By SONIN. The Rank and File Want the “Labor Unity” By JOSEPH NORTH. IN Danville, Pa., one copy of Labor Unity passed the rounds of fifteen textile work- ers, eleven of whom were United Textile Work- ers who had never before known that such a paper was in existence. Each took the paper home for one day and then passed it on to his fellow-worker. This incident, reported to Bill Murdoch, or- ganizational secretary of the National Textile Workers’ Union, indicates the response nation- ally to the weekly organ of the Trade Union Unity League. The workers are ready— anxious—for such a paper. But the machinery for its distribution is faulty. The efficiency and indifference of T. U. U. L. organizers concerning the role of Labor Unity today is criminal. A tour by the manager of Labor Unity in the principal industrial centers of the Eastern and Middle Western states indicated the same facts—workers ready, anxious, to read Labor Unity. T. U. U. L. apparatus sluggish, some- times not even operating, in supplying the paper to the workers. For instance, so important a city as Detroit, teeming with its auto industry, slid along for two months without a Labor Unity agent. This amounts to actual sabotage of the paper. But absolutely criminal are those T. U. U. L. organizers who themselves do not read Labor Unity. As a result they are unable to describe the paper to the workers. Most T. U. U. L. organizers fail to mention the paper in their shop gate meetings, mass meetings, etc., appa- rently asleep to the fact that the weekly organ of the T. U. U. L. is driving ahead for 50,000 new readers, As to Party units discussing Labor Unity? Or selling the paper with the other literature at the Party unit meetings? Just consider your own unit’s activities in this respect. It will be typical. What is the trouble? Why cannot Labor Unity surge forth into mass circulation when all the objective factors are ripe? It is be- cause the organizers and leading members of the T. U. U. L. themselves fail to realize the importance of the paper as a collective or- ganizer. The steady distribution and sale of Labor Unity before the shop gates is a fundamental duty of all T. U. U. L. organizers. The paper, forged out of the trials and struggles of the workers in the mines, shops, in strikes, in the T. U. U. L. campaigns, has a tremendous ap- peal to all workers. But_are the T. U. U. L. members getting it before the unorganized masses sufficiently? By no means, There are also large cultivated fields, rais- ing grain, potatoes, vegetables, and other nec- essities for the Commune, operated by the members in the same manner as the Soviet farms, with tractors and other farm ma- chinery. Every single person leaving the Commune does not hesitate to choose the life of a work- er under the dictatorship of the proletariat. This Commune presents a vivid contrast to the systematic methods of suppression, hound- ing and murder of those who have been un- fortunate to be caught for violating the sacred property rights of the bourgeoisie, with the ants’ republic, This contrast is sharp and in- . Spiring and makes one take a deep breath in wonderment of the aims and achievements of the Soviet Union. The “Commune of Labor 1, G. P. U.” stands as a living monument to that excellent instru- ment of the dictatorship of the proletariat— the G. P. U. clean, where the members of the Commune work without guards, without being watched. There are modern machine shops, electric plat- ing rooms, forge shops, woodworking shops, excellent sanitary textile mills weaving socks, sweaters, etc., for sport apparel, These factories are operated as all others in the Soviet Union. The eight-hour day is in force, as well as the uninterrupted working week (4 days work and one day off). There are factory committees, control committees, labor protection committees, price commiitees, etc, These factories have their Five Year Plan and are far surpassing the plan. They also have socialist competition, shock brigades, factory meetings, ete. Every factory has a Lenin Corner and wall newspaper. Most of the foremen are members of the Commune with the exception of a few highly trained teote'oinna, In general these are real Soviet, whove the member is sh wn through actual life experience what his lot will be waen he leaves Se Commune, Are the T. U. U. L. members themselves reading the paper regularly? No. Are the T. U. U. L. organizers themselves reading the paper regularly? No, Have all unions, leagues and shop commit- tees of the T.U.U.L. functioning Labor Unity agents? Does every T.U.U.L. member make himself responsible for the distribution of a certain number of Labor Unities weekly to his fellow-workers? These questions can be ans- wered collectively with a No. Growing Despite Organizers’ Indifference. And yet the circulation and the influence of Labor Unity is growing despite these negative factors. Why? Because the workers want it. Because here and there in increasing numbers throughout the country, rank and filers, espe- cially in the heavy industry districts, are tak- ing it upon themselves to push Labor Unity, to increase the circulation, to send funds in regularly. For instance the following letter from Com- rade Dizdar, of Farrell, Pa., is typical: “Enclosed please find money order for last week’s issue. Kindly mail me 20 more copies of last week’s issue, as we can easily sell Labor Unity, when an article appears in same for this town. From date please in- crease the number of Labor Unity from 25, the former number, to 50, as we are in a position to sell 50 copies each week.” Within the past three months the returns on Labor Unity have increased three-fold. Where formerly there was practically a ne- gligible income on the paper, today, almost 60 per cent of the cost of operating the paper is sent in from the field. The number of Labor Unity agents has exceeded 200 and they are steadily becoming aware of the necessity of regular payments, The greatest danger to the paper’s regular appearance is the fact that the big cities, the larger unions do not pay regularly for the paper. This can no longer be permitted. What Is To Be Done? What is to be de :? The procedure is sim- ple. It requires only consistent attention and work. It consists of the following: Labor Unity agents must be chosen in each shop committee, in each union and league, in each minority group, in each workers organ- ization. Regulat weekly payments must be sent in! Each worker in the T.U.U.L. is to be respon- sible for distribution, not only the Labor Unity agent alone. The T.U.U.L. organizers themselves must be- come Labor Unity-conscious. They must read the paper at least to know what to talk about in mentioning it. Wherever T.U.U.L. organ- izers hold up Labor Unity at mass meetings and shop gate meetings, explain its role, there is an immediate increase in the sales, accord- ing to reports to the writer. Labor Unity agents and committees now functioning must receive the cooperation of the T.U.U.L. They should not be so overburdened with other work that they give only their spare time to the circulation. Worker correspondents must be chosen in each shop committee to spur the work of workers’ correspondence. With the turn toward mass work, the real- ization of Labor Unity as a powerful organ- izational and agitational force will grow. But it must grow fast. The workers want Labor Unity today, We must get to them today. The Daily Werker is the Party’s hest instrument to mate contacts among the masses of workers, to build a mass Communist Party. Workers! Join the Party of Your Class! Communist Party U.S. A. 48 ast 125th Street, New York City 1, the undersigned want to inin the ¢ nist Party Send me move information. Name BAGIOR EK bias oes eseeniees staple) doccanen (ecupation ...+sesceecaccossse.s, Age Mail this to the Central Office. Communist | Party, 43 Hast 125th St.. New York, N. Y. This is being smuggled out. (OT so long ago, I read about the Ohio Pen in your columns and wondered if you would like to know the conditions in a so-called “open” Pen under a so-called humanitarian warden. There are many like myself here: former toil- ers and craftsmen who felt the economic pinch and tried to izke back part of what we had created. We would like to have our brother toilers know that we are not the beasts that the “godly” and the 100 per cent Americans have depicted. There are degenerates, stool-pigeons and in- sensate brutes here, of course, but, there are also family men who would have achieved a happier dest under a more equitable social system, There is no minimizing or exaggerating in the following account, and, though I cannot hold the warden here wholly responsible for conditions, stili, it is only just that I should sum up his personal traits, briefly, before go- ing on. He is a soft-spoken man of magnetic personality and a master of duplicity. A pub- licity hound who craves adulation. Our warden does not have much personal courage—he leaves the dirty work to his state- cop deputy: a brutalized thug like all of his kind, who would give all of us inmates a taste of hell if it were not for restraining factors beyond his control. This demented animal boasts of a fourth grade schooling and a man- iacal hatred of enlightened, aggressive work- ers. The inmates call him “Horse Face.” Our parole agent is a Sunday-school teacher whose father stole funds left under his guard- ianship for a crippled orphan. This fellow ab- solutely will not recommend a parole for a family man in for a first offense. He is more liberal to the “repeaters” because he knows that they will be back, and, keeping prisoners is one of the juiciest grafts in the U. S. The assistant parole agent is an ex-State copper who shot an innocent worker to death from behind and in the ensuirg stink was sent to a more lucrative position here at the Pen. He goes to the death house at Rockview on Monday mornings to strap the “sacrifices” in the electric chair. Our mail censor is an ex-marine who makes a triple salary by smuggling in narcotics and other contraband. He goes to the wives of some of the convicts and tells them that if they want to “put over” to him, he will see that hubby gets a “break” on his mailing privilege. One wife complained to the govern- ment postal inspector in Pittsburgh, here, and also to the warden, but, the censor has so much on the other officials that he has to be retained at all costs. Our psychologist imported from Sicily tried the same tactics but one woman threatened to crown him with an intimate bedroom utensil! and our worthy professor has gone back to pederasty and sodomy. We have a husky, red-faced chaplain here who went South for his health last year while the flu epidemic was raging in this prison and he did not return until Jehovah’s play- fulness had spent itself. He is our library censor, too, and he would have a fit if he knew that the Daily Worker was getting past his big, red, Presbyterian nose. The officers are ex-coppers or bar flies who are not long on “sand;” when there are any fireworks here, they push buttons and hide out until the sheriffs, county and city dicks, coppers, American Legionnaires, national guards, state cops, boy scouts and the other 100 per centers get here. (Two “screws” were killed here a few years ago.) Our steward weighs close to four hundred pounds (this sounds like an exaggeration but you can investigate) and is the personifica- tion of all hogs rolled into one. He gets here at ten in the morning and eats three break- fasts, one in his office, one in the officers cafe- teria and one in the hospital kitchen. Even this swine is ashamed to eat all he can at one place. An dall this before the eyes of con- 0 will never get one clean, wholesome, sfying mea! as long as they are here. The state issues one pair of foot-deformers and one pair of coolie pants each six months— our worthy steward breaks down and cries if you come back one day before the six months is up. (He issues the clothing). The prison board numbers some of our best millionaires; one of them is the head of a chain of drug stores that defraud the sick poor through the medium of well-advertised for state wards? and worthless nostrums. Why do millionaires so charitably give up their spare time to so-called welfare work The answer is simple: Be- cause this voluntary duty exempts them from the paying of all state taxes, which, in the case of a millionaire, would be considerable. A man does from three years up in this place and finds that his health is shattered from bad, greasy food, lacking in vitamins, bad sanitation and filthy drinking water. Is it remarkable that he will come back to do more time? Our sanctimonious parole officer will see that the “dicks” “wise up” any prospective employer of an ex-convict. As a rule, the ex- convict is broken in health and can not hold up his end—he commits another crime and comes back. If your mother comes from across the con- tinent she will get 15 minutes to visit with you with a wide table thrust between you and a porcine copper watching her like a cat watch- es a bird. The officials say they have to be strict about visitors on accounts of the pos- sible smuggling of narcotics—very little of that stuff ever came in that way; the bulk comes in through our mail censor and some of the “screws.” The visitor is treated like a convict, too, but most visitors are poor and the poor should not expect too much in this world; they are going to have fine palaces in heaven some day according to the romish and protestant pulpiteers. The flu epidemic hit here Dec. 28, 1928. By Feb. 1, 1929, twenty-six iaen had died. Every pneumonia case was lost because they were thrown into stifling, cramped rooms and not a window ever went up. Delirious patients wan- dered all over the hospital and the correspond- ence-school medico we had at that time got more notches on his gun than Billy the Kid. All the officials of this place are high Ma- sons and most of the screws are Masons and Knights of Columbus. The officials here had the coroner (another 100 per center) come down and whitewash them in the matter of wholesale deaths—this was necessary, too, be- cause some of the tightest “stirs” in this country did not individually lose five inmates during the epidemic. Anyone that can cover up twenty-six need- less deaths can just about get away with any- thing. Of course, the coroner got favorable reports on conditions in the hospital from in- mate nurses. but, you should know that these worthies are recruited from rape cases, sodomy cases, arson cases and professional stool-pig- eons. They'll swear to anything at any time for anybody, for a price; if every man has his price, they’ve got two, the second lower than the first. Every Wednesday evening “Holy Joe” leads his bible class into the chapel to be regaled with stories of incest, jehovian cantankerous- ness, brutal and wanton murder, depravity and Munchausian legends. Every raper and every sodomite here is in the bible class. Two years ago there were seven men here for raping their own offspring; every one of them belonged to “Holy Joe’s” noble band of christ- ian soldiers. The drinking water is dirty, rusty and foul because these grafters use well water from seven wells that are really cesspools. If you go to the bathroom to take a warm shower oil comes through the hot water line from the pumps it the pump house, and you come out from the shower with hair and skin spotted with tenacions black spots. They are always building something here to show to visitors but they never fix the things that visitors cannot see. Four plus syphilis cases work in the kitchen; for five dollars they used to be able to bribe the convict nurse who gave the “shots” to take them off the active list. They keep all the tuberculars here in this damp, unhealthy place instead of sending them to the Honor Farm in the mountains. The reason is that they can make more graft on these cases here for there is a special state appropriation set aside to give these tuberculars a special diet; needless to say, the TB’s do not get what the taxpayers are paying for them to get. This is about all for this time, and I'll leave it to your imagination what conditions must be like in other institutions that are not as “progressive” as this one. —EDGAR A. HAINSEY, No. 18,698, Women Workers Hail the I. L. D. By GRACE HUTCHINS. ON’T worry. If we get pinched the LL.D, will look out for us.” “What’s the I.L.D.? Thus a girl picket in a strike led by the Needle Trades Workers Industrial Union in New York introduced a new union member to the International Labor Defense. It was a bit- terly cold winter morning and the two girls were marching together in the mass picket line before one of the great buildings in the garment center. Half an hourr later they were in the patrol wagon riding to the police sta- tion. Sure enough, the I.L.D. was on the job to send a lawyer and conduct the defense. Now two girls, Anna Burlack and Mary Dalton, are among the six organizers held on charges of inciting to insurrenction in Alanta, Georgia. The prosecutor is demanding the death penalty and under a Georgia law passed in 1861 to kill leaders of Negro slave rebel- lions, they can be electrocuted if convicted. Their only crime was organizing. Nerro and white workers in the National Textile Workers Union. Anna Burlak was representative of the LL.D. in Georgia. Three women were among the defendants in the famous Gastonia case, but were released hy the “chivalrous” southern capitalists in or- der the better to railroad the men workers to prison for 17 to 20 years. It was due to the mighty protest of workers, at first nation- wide and then international, under the leader- ship of the I.L.D., that the Gastonia defen- dants were not sent to the electric chair, as were Sacco and Vanzetti. More than 100 working women were among the many workers arreste] and jailed during the unemployed demonstrations as part of the boss class attack upon the working class thronshout the United Sto‘e;. The spirited part played by these women in the class strug- ‘ gle. gle has already stirred countless other women to take a more active part in the class strug- Young women led a detachment of the un- employed up the City Hall steps in Cleveland, during the demonstrations, with the battle cry “Work or Wages.” Tearing the banners and signs from their hands, police struck out with clubs, night sticks and blackjacks, but. the wo- men workers stood their ground. One woman tore a piece from the uniform coat of a police- man and waved it as a banner to rally the workers once more. “This is the symbol of how we fought,” she cried. “We went to the City Hall for bread and they clubbed us. Always remember tha’ fellow workers. The blood of our brothers lies upon the City Hall steps. We stand here and starve in the midst of plenty. In the of all this capitalist organization we are unorganized.” Thanks to such’ work on the part of the Unemployed Council, the unem-, ployed workers need no longer remain unor- ganized. With this spirit women workers are step-, ping forward in the vanguard of the working J class. In strikes and demonstrations they are clubhed, arrested and jailed. It is the LL.D. which defends them, Women workers! Hail the LL.D. on its anniversary. Rally to the sup- port of the I.L.D., the organization that is on the job to defend the working class. Demand the release of Fos. ter, Minor, Amter and mond. in prison for fighting for unemployment insurance,