The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 22, 1929, Page 6

, ‘A. the U. S. ished by the Comprodaily Publishing Co., Inc.. Daily, except Par pundny, at 26-28 Union Square, New York City, N. X, Telephone Stuyvesant 1696-7-8, Cable: “DAIWORK.* SUBSCRIPTION RATES By Mail (in New York only): $4.50 six months $2.50 three months of New York): $6.00 a year mnths $2.00 three months Address and mail all checks to t fly Worker, 26-28 Union Square, New. York, N. Y. $8.00 a year The Drive for Law Enforcement. President Hoover has appointed a National Law Enforce- ment Commission consisting of 10 lawyers and one woman educator. When the supporters of the profit system plot to put through some shady deal, lawyers are brought in to do the job. The lawyers on this commission indicates that Hoover feels some especially big and dirty job must be hand- led successfully and effectively. The job is a big one. The forces that put Hoover into the White House are demanding a material strengthening, through further centralization, of the federal government. New powers will be urged to bulwark the new era of imperial- | ist development that especially calls for increasingly oppres- sive attacks against and an attempted complete subjugation of the working class as one of the major war preparations of the Wall Street government. Already in the proposed tariff legislation, as exposed in the news columns of the Daily Worker today, the Hoover government provides for an ambitious attempt to erect an airtight barrier against revolutionary literature coming into the country. It is proposed to seize “any book, pamphlet, paper, writing, advertisement, circular print, picture or draw- ing containing any matter advocating or urging treason, in- surrection or forcible resistance to any law of the United States, etc., etc.”, which might include anything that Wall Street rule finds in the least hostile to its profit interests. While it is generally declared for popular consumption that the commission will take up the question of the enforce- ment of the Eighteenth (Prohibition) Amendment to the federal constitution, this is by no means the whole program that has been mapped out for it. In fact, this is only a sort of camouflage for its real work, mentioned only in the third paragraph of its instructions. The working class is especi- ally interested in the first two instructions as follows: 1. To critically consider the entire federal machinery. of justice, redistribution of its functions, simplification of its proced- ure, revision of additional special tribunals, better selection of juries and more effective organization of agencies of investigation and procedure. 2. To cover the entire question of Jaw enforcement and or- ganization of justice. Here is an alarm bell for labor. The capitalist govern- ment is not worried about enforcement of the dry laws. Some of the highest placed politicians, great sections of the police, as well as business itself, take great profits out of the supposedly illegal liquor traffic. The Hoover regime in Washington, however, represent- | ing the greatest capitalist interests, is very nervous about the growing militancy of the working masses. There is every | indication that the commission will give its greatest atten- tion to “law enforcement” against the working class, to still further develop the illegalization of strikes, outlaw class struggle trade unions, put heavier bans on picketing and other forms of working class struggle. It will take up defi- nitely the proposals that have been before congress for years, to materialize the proposed increasing oppression over the foreign-born. Such legislation, of course, is directed against all labor, providing. for registration, finger-printing, photo- graphing, with special provisions for reportation, revocation of citizenship rights and other extreme measures that exist today in vicious anti-syndicalist laws in force in 35 different states. The commission represents sections of the country where labor faces the most bitter persecution. The chairman, George W. Wickersham, hails from Pennsylvania,-the home state of “Andy” Mellon where the steel-coal-railroad tyranny grips tightly the throat of labor; Newton D. Baker, the jingo secretary of war in President Wilson’s “war for Morgan” cabinet; Frank J. Loesch, from Chicago, that has seen the courts used on every occasion necessary to break strikes, im- prison workers and smash their organizations; Roscoe Rand, submissive to Harvard university, that put its approval on the execution of Sacco and Vanzetti; William I. Grubb, from Alabama, with its Birmingham, “the Pittsburgh of the South” ; Monte M. Lemann, from Louisiana, that lynches labor or- ganizers, as in the lumber camps and oil fields; William S. Kenyon, from Iowa that furnishes experts to the capitalist government in its war on the farmers; Kenneth R. MacKin- tosh, from the state of Washington, that framed up labor at Centralia and was guilty of the Everett Massacre; Paul J. McCormick, from California, that keeps Mooney and Billings, with many others, in prison, after the frame-up charges against them have been thoroughly exploded; Henry W. An- derson, of Virginia, who was special assistant in the infamous Daugherty regime in the department of justice under Presi- dent Harding and the “Ohio Gang”, and who served Wall Street’s interests loyally on the Mexican Claims Commission; and Ada L. Comstock, who eagerly upheld in the University of Minnesota the interests of the lumber and mining barons. No more ruthless anti-labor aggregation could be gathered together. It.will carry on its work in behalf of the most extreme demands of the imperialist power that has been the world war transfer the center of economic strength to its domains, but which, at the same time, realizes the precarious position in which it is placed, with growing discontent among workers in its homeland, increasing resentment in the colonial and semi-colonial nations it seeks to keep in subjugation: growing jealousies among other imperialist powers, and the fact that one-sixth of the world is already under the rule of the Soviet power of workers and peasants, building a social- ist economy directly hostile to its own. The answer of labor to Hoover’s “law enforcement” commission and its expected proposals, is the strengthening of its own ranks through the organization of the unorganized and creation of a national class struggle irede union center; increasing its efforts against the war danger, and the build- ing of the Communist Party, the leader of labor's class Strug- 1 hae 2 bat OLD CRONIES! How Soviet Economy Functions | | i | Different Phases of Economic Or- i ganization. In order to understand well the |structures of the economy of the U. S. S. R. it is necessary to re- |view the different phases of Rus- jsian economy. From 1917 to the Nep, The first period, from the Oc- tober Revolution to the of 1918, jwas that of violent d ction of jall of the capitalist apparatus. In |reality, that was the time when jafter the transitory periods of ‘workers’ control” and the co-ex- tence in the factories of the bo nd the factory committees, the iworkers began to get rid of the |former effectively. The workers in power nationalized |the banks, the merchant marine, and | on June, 1918, was decreed the na- |tionalization of all heavy industry, lthe liquidation of the societies of action and all other capitalist or- | ganizaticns, The proletariat took into its own hands the development of the econ- omic life of the country. The first organizations formed to salvage this immense heritage, almost destroyed by the war and in the midst of the most difficult interior and exterior conditions, created factory councils end economic committees attached te the Soviets which were spontane- | Pioneer Tells of Children’s Society By HARRY EISMAN, Pioneer. For me to relate my experience jand opinion of The New York So- ciety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children is very easy especially since I have been there more than once, The S. P. C. C. is a jail for chil- dren who are delinquent and. have either been misled or were turned out of their homes due the fact that their parents are unemployed or can- not afford to support them. The S. P. C. C. where the 9 Pioneers were placed, is located in the Negro dis- | trict and as a result of this over | two-thirds of the children there ‘are Negroes. The children are divided according to groups which is A, B, and C, The A group consists of children who have no homes, who have bee: evicted and have no place to stay The children in the B group are children who stay out, of school, run- | |aways from home and those who jare lost. The C group is the worst group in the house which consists 0: children who steal. All the bo | Pioneers that were locked up were | put in the B group because there was no room for them in the C group. |The gir! Pioneer, Jessie Taft. was put in the C group which consists of girls who are prostitutes and thicfs. Pioneers Searched at Station. | Before we were put into the S. P. C. C, all the comrades were taken over to the 8th Precinct Station at | 22nd St. On our way to the station the Pioneers sang and cheered our older comrades who were with us. DAILY WORKER, A Siidecpiy i daieainigilbai NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, MAY 2 2, 1929 (This is the first of a series of articles describing the economic apparatus of the Soviet Union in all its various phases and branches. The next article will describe how industry is directed by the prole- tarian state and following instalments will explain the organization of industry, commerce and distribution.) eee ly formed over the whole coun- try At the same time the tendency was manifest to establish connec- tions high and low and_of central- ing the direction of each industry through corresponding central com- taittees, However, the characteristic trait of this period was not the creative work of the new forms of economic |development, but the destruction of the capitalist apparatus. Here the union organizations from below and the factory committees played a tre- mendous role, for in fact it was they who took over the direction of the mines, factories, ete. Second Period—1918 to End of 1919. | Third Period—End 1919 to August, | This pericd of bloody civil war (Kolchak, Denikine, etc.) and of in- terior difficulties just as great (sabotage by technicians and func- tionaries) was that of the concen- tration of the direction of industry. In December, 1918, the Second Con- gress of the Economic Councils met. This Congress had already put the question of the development ‘of the {productive forces of the country and jthe reinforcement of the Economic Councils in all their branches. At this time the apparatus of di- jrection had already taken form— jeconomic councils of the rayons, of the states and of national economy jas well as the “Centrals” for the |direction of each particular branch. All this took place during the period when there was no coal, no oil, no bread, when there was fight- ling on all fronts, when all the forces |were needed to maintain traffic on |the railroads and assure the pro- | visioning of the armies. In all this the factory committees played an enormous role. | 1920. |. This was a period of considerable improvement, as far as rehabilitation, the extraction of coal and transport were concerned. The foreign block- jade was broken and the intellectuals |and technicians stopped their sabot- lage and began to co-operate with |the Soviets. The questions of organization Oft-Arrested Eisman Relates Tammany Police $i Ps : Brutality at Hearing Bias gat | On Jessie Taft, a book of 1c stamps for the children’s delegation to the Soviet Union was found and con- fiseated. And on°Harry Eisman a small box of nails was found and confiscated as a dangerous weapon? After all the searching for danger- ous Weapons was over the nine Pioneers were packed into a patrol | wagon and taken to the S. P. GC. CG, _ While we were riding to the S, P. C. |C. we had to cut into Fifth Avenue | where the jail is located and where the police parade was going on, and ‘at 7th Street we cut right into the arade where we disrupted the line of march, When the patrol wagon was riding along with the parade the people thought that we were all | a part of the parade and as a result, uch of the attention was focused pon the patrol wagon ‘where the ioneers were singing the Interna- ' tional and Solidarity Forever. When |we finally reached our destination | we were again checked up and were treated like real convicts and were given 4 culture test in which they stick a thermometer into your mouth. | After this, one of the head men of the place came over and gave us a lecture on how to behave, | Feed Children Slop. After the lecture we went to eat. nd this is just what they give the a the inscription on it: “Lenin Said table there is strict discipline. When At the station Where they made a children to live on—a cup of so-called check up, many interesting things | milk, 2 slices of thin white bread, a ‘happened, such as, one Pioneer was sliced peach, hot dog with spaghetti wearing a Lenin button which had | (this is a Saturday meal). At the Organize the Children.” After aj |little bit of confusion the sergeant | replied: “G’wan, he never said it.” When one of our girl comrades was cing checked, Sergeant Hicky asked, | ing room where we were all given “male or female?” After all our /baths and changed into prison clothes comrades were checked up we were | which consists of a blue shirt, blue searched, and this is what they found overalls, and a pair of stockings with on some of us—a big safety pin was | underwear in the bargain. To make found on David Malikin and was | sure that we could not escape, all of onfiscated as @ dangerous weal our,clothing had the mark o you pass the girls dining room you are not allowed to look at any one of them, When we finished our supper, we were taken to the bath- Y.S. P..C.C. When all of the steps were gone through, we were taken into a room with the B boys and | about five minutes later we were taken up to the dormitory (which is very overcrowded); ready to wash ) Up and go to sleep. It was exactly | 20 minutes to eight, and all children were in bed except one who was disciplined by the matron and had to stay in the hall for two hours. Just as we were about to go to sleep a notice came up that Sol Welman and Jessie Taft was going home, and about 15 minutes later a notice came to the effect that Irving Shavelson and Comrade Levy were going home, and still later two more were sent home. At 2 a. m. in the morning another Pioneer, Frank Builinson was released. After Frank left us only Kaplan and Eis- man was left out of the nine who ‘were pulled in: - At about 10 a, m. the next day Bernard Kaplan was released and now only Eisman was left. At 11:30 a. m, Eisman’s brother tried to bail him out, but was denied the right to do so until he filled out an appli- cation in the police station. When it was about 3:30 p.m. a notice came ‘up and Harry Eisman was let out in custody of his brother. Now that all Pioneers were let out in custody for Monday at 10 a, m, The results of the trial were in our favor due to the fact of the good work of our attorney Jacques Buitenkant and of our Pioneers on the witness stand. The trial started at 10:30 a. m. Monday at Children’s Court, 187 East 22nd Street, with Sergeant Hickey on the stand. Hicky sure was hicky. He charged our Pioneers with parading withoat a permit, with no American flag, but with red flags. He also charged that Harry Eisman garried a placard with he with Wall St. of their parents a trial was arranged By Fred Ellis | were solved as follows and the fac. tories. were divided into three groups: (a) The largest having a na- tional importance, were placed di- rectly under the Supreme Council of National Economy, (b) The factories of moderate importance. were attached to the | State Councils of National Economy |but were under the control of the |Supreme Council. (c) The factories of local im- | portance were attached to the corre- sponding councils of national econ- omy. Fourth Period—Constructive Work. The years which had just passed, in spite of the tremendous difficul- ties and because of them, had al- ready furnished an experience with- out precedent in the history of the world. Organs of direction for all of the economic life took form more and |more to replace the anarchy in pro- duction of a capitalist society and \began the work of the construction of a socialist society. After the violent destruction of private property and of the whole capitalist system, the proletarian state, “proprietor” of one-sixth of the globe, began to organize and de- | velop the productive forces of ‘the | country. ‘ And all this according to a plen| established in the interest of the toilers alone. |Cossacks,” which was false. The| |trial lasted from 10:30 a. m. to 12] |noon and then postponed until 2 p.| m. on the same day, Pioneer Exposes Police Brutality. The first of the Pioneers who took the stand was Harry Eisman. He spoke about the police brutality and pointed out how false Hicky’s charges were against him and he also exhibited a bruise which he re- ceived on Saturday from Patrolman 11081. After be finished his testi- mony the trial was laid off until 2 p.m At 2 p. m. the trial was resumed with Eisman on the witness stand. After being questioned by Judge O’Kieve, Eisman went off the stand. After Eisman came Kaplan, Shavel- son, Bailinson, Gorschoff, Malikan and Taft, and all testified against the police and defending the stand of the Pioneers. Eisman was called on the stand several times by Hicky, who hoped to convict him. Hicky charged that Eisman used the tacks which he had, in helping to erect the sign on 26-28 Union Square and making placards. This was denied by Eisman., At one time Hicky ac- cused the nine of helping erect the sign by the fact that they knew what was written on it, At this point:the Judge saw that Hicky was going hicky, so he stepped in by saying, “You caynot accuse them of erecting the sign just because they knew the inscription on it. You know the In- scription on it so does that mean that I should place you as a crim- inal?” a Judge “Lectures” Pioneers. After all the convictions were through, the Judge went out and re+ turned in about 8 minutes with a long speech urging us not to parti- cipate in labor struggles, but instead, go to the park and play, He also) said that he wouldn’t like to fine us but instead carried out the moticn| of Jacques Buitenkant which was to) discharge’ the-case. So this was tic end of police terrorization for the présent of the nine Pioneers with no telling what is going to happen in school and in the future battle: GLADKOV | Translated by A. S. Arthur and C. Ashleigh | All Rights Reserved—International Publishers, N. Y. | “fOMRADES: A terrible economic debacle . . . a formidable crisis ~ » ~« @ most difficult test for the working class. The liquida- tion of the military front, . .-. All our strength must go to the in- dustrial front, The Tenth Congress of the Party have drawn up a new economic policy. The proletariat is the only force . . . revival of the industry of the republic . . . concessions and the world market. . . . (Phew, these stupid intellectuals!) We must stand for the country of the proletariat . . . increase our strength tenfold, and with iron ranks. « « » We have broken the blockade. . . .. The working class and the Communist Party. . . . (Finish now, Comrade Ivagin!) Re- covery of fuel supply. . . . Use of the factory power. . . . On this matter, Comrade Chumaloy can speak better than I.” “Comrades, the report is before you. Silence, Gromada i* “It’s about the Comrade Speaker. . . . But his father doesn’t be- long to the working class elements. . . . Lukhava is a stronger speaker. . . . Though the Comrade is sympathetic his argument is good for nothing. We've been filled with enough words. What is the C.P.R. doing about it?” ~ x “Comrade Gromada, you seem to have no idea of order, Comrade Chumaloy has the floor.” please, Comrade * 'HE audience became silent. Well, let’s see what Gleb Chumalov is going to say. The main strength is in him. Tomorrow depends on his words. "| “Comrades, don’t let us play around with words. We've played around enough already with pigs and pipe-lighters. Enough. The factory isn’t a factory any more, but a cattle barn. We're a lot of fools, Is this business, Comrades?’ There’s two sides to every man: You can either let the devil grab you, or you can swing him by the tail. It all depends on just how much of a fool you are. Our hands aren’t meant for goats and pigs, but for something else. We know this: As our hands are so are our souls and our minds. To hell with all foolishness! As Comrade Ivagin said, there is now a new econcmic line. What is this new economic policy? It means hit the devil in the jaw with a great effort at reconstruction. Cement is a mighty binding material. With cement we’re going to have a great building-up of the Republic, We are cement, Comrades: the working class. Let us keep that in mind. We’ve played the fool long enough; now we’ve got to start real work.” In the hullabaloo it was impossible to understand what the Group were trying to say. In flushed faces, white eyes grew bloodshot. Gromada jumped up, arms wildly waving; Savchuk sprang out from his corner howling. Gt raised his arm asking for attention. His jaw-muscles quivered. Dasha rang the bell furiously for silence and shouted: “Comrades! Communists! You're still a rabble! Keep discipline. I had not given you the floor, Savchuk!” “Well, Comrades, let’s consider it closely. Ask yourselves. What’s lacking in the factory, Brothers? There’s no fuel! And the workers have no fuel! We've come to the point where there’s nothing left. Winter’s coming and will give us hell. Let’s set up a new ropeway on the mountain sides, And we'll bring wood to the town. Let’s get at the Economic Council and tel] them: Give us petrol and benzine, you hounds! What have you done with the oil reserves? We've got the orders for the stores. And if they try to trump us, we'll play our trump card, through the Cheka to the Revolutionary Tribunal. The ropeway—that’s our first.step. Through the Trade Unions we'll or- ganize voluntary Sunday labor, We'll set our engineers at drawing up plans and to oversee the construction work. Let the damn goats go to the devil!” Savchuk made his way to the table, and banged his fist upon the papers with which it was littered. " “Ah, the bloody idlers, swineherds!” “Come to order, Comrade Savchuk!”-» “Why are you shutting me up, woman? How can I keep quiet when there are swineherds here and makers of pipe-lighters?” “Comrade Savchuk—for the last time!” { “Oh, you bitch! Comrade Gleb, give your wife a kick in the ribs. Ah, she’s not my wife. . . . And you good-for-nothings. . . . Goat- herds! Where are your hands and your throats? Say, what’s the Cheka doing about Engineer Kleist? Gleb, what kind of friend is Engineer Kleist, who delivered you up to be killed? I can’t stand for that! Let them bring Engineer Kleist here!” “Right! The specialist. . . . Engineer Kleist. . . . Have him arrested and sent to the Cheka! He’s shut himself up like a rat in a hole. He sneaks around like a thief. . . . Didn’t he try to have your blood?” * * * INGINEER KLEIST. This man had Gleb’s life in his hands and he threw it to the executioners as though it were a dirty bit of waste, Engineer Kleist. .. . . Isn’t Gleb’s life worth that of Engineer Kleist? But this was bygone, and now their two lives had met again. The hunchback Loshak met Dasha’s eye at that moment and silently raised his hand. : “Comrade Loshak has the floor.” All heads were turned to the corner where the humped mechanic His words always hit like stones and did not spare his hearers. “Yes, we want to do the work, but we’ve been yellmg a lot of nonsense. It’s my turn to speak now, We’ve been like a whole lot of bladders: we’ve swollen and burst. Put the right man on the job and things will move. That’s where the point is, you idiots. And as for Engineer Kleist, he may be a louse but— I want to say this: it’s true that he turned Gleb over to them, but how did he treat Dasha? How did Engineer Kleist treat Dasha, when he rescued her from death—?” Dasha suddenly leaned forward over the table and shoved Loshak by the hump. “Comrade Loshak, I’m not a subject of this discussion. Shut up, or keep to the subject of the report. If you’ve nothing to say get hack to your place!” ‘ > Loshak glanced at her, made a gesture of discouragemen: ond went back to his seat. r Dasha again! Again this mystery...» “ ™ . . sat. ag contained himself with a strong effort. He pondered, wxestling with his own thoughts. “Well, Comrades, if that is so, let me fight my own battle with the engineer face‘to face; and now let’s leave that question.” The tired workmen were wiping the sweat from their foreheads with their shirt-sleeves. Dasha lifted a piece of paper to her eyes and glanced over it around the com. “Comrades, we must seriously consider the question of the Party Committee. We are crdered to dispatch a certain number of members of the Group for work on the communal farm. It’s a Party order.” Again it was as though a bomb had exploded amidst the Group. “No, we won’t Ict ourselves be ordered. Ordering us here and ordering us there! It’s just throwing us as food to the bandits, This is no ‘Order to dispatch,’ it’s sheer murder. We're not beasts to be sent to the slaughter-house.” “But, Comrades, you’re a’ Group of the Party and not a bunch of speculators. I’m only a woman but I tell you: I have never even for an hour trembled for my fate. You all know that well.” “If you like, dispatch yourself by order and take all your damned hens with you.” { “What a woman! She’s trying to bridle the whole Group! Drive the women out of the Group!” a . _* * if HEN the voice of Savchuk. But even he could not dominate the tumult, 3 ‘ “Dispatch Gromada!. He’s buried himself in his Factory Com- mittee!” .. , “And Loshak, Brothers! had an easy time all right.” Gleb walked calmly and with heavy steps from behind the table * to the middle of the room. His face was drawn and the clenched muscles stood out, “Choose me, Comrades—Communists; and choose my wife. She has called you speculators and she was right. I’ve been in far worse hornets’ nests than the one you’re speaking of. For three years I’ve looked cu in the face. Those god-damn goats keep you glued to tne spot!” “Vell, and what about it?. Yowre not dead yet, Chumalov! Who ‘2’t seen blood these last yeats?” _ That's it! And why haven't they killed me? I’m as tough as tka immorial Kashchai, I’ve fraternised with death as an equal, And if you've seen anything of blood you must know that death has sharp teeth. mincer! Th ave a ee at and itl” The Factory Committee members have