The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 29, 1929, Page 2

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, !RIDAY, MARCH 29, 1929 Col. Stimson ‘Takes Over Direction of Foreign Affairs Towards Imperialist Ww Takes Over Pro BOV. ROOSEVELT IS CHARGED WITH ‘MISUSE OF FUNDS Money Appropriated for State Parks fitable Port Job l | ALBANY, ¥ Governor Coo: was fl accused tod n the assembly the state leg ature of misuing nearly $100,000 The position of Port Commissioner of New York has had much th of money appropriated for scandal associated with it: it seems to have been made a kind of patronage for “deserving democra there. Here is the new head of right, County Clerk Kelly; the ne and Thomas F. Murray. e parks. in the controller's of- there have been the enses on the ‘The re ts” who can be put on the payroll the office taking it over. w commissioner, Murray; on in which n on the second floor st deeply interested’,” $900 or Less a@ Hutchinson declared. entleman on t the gover- (By LRA News Service) “These records,” With tobacco workers averaging inued, “show less than $900 earnings for a year’s injustifiable work, the American Tobacco Co. ssue money.” chairman; he has the was the governor’s terse and cnly reply to questions con- -erning the appropriations. announces profits of over $25,000,- 000 for 1928. The tobacco industry shows the lowest average wages of any industry in the United States, Francis R. Masters, of New York | aecording to the 1925 Census of ueteeded the governor 88 | ta stusee From preliminary 1 of the commission, Other | M# bein crleed tient ees Wil- |ports of the 1927 census, tobacco Madison Grant. $25,000,000 a liam N. Niles, Vanderbilt Webb, and | evidently holds the same position as lenry Morganthau, Jr. “lowest wage industry.” Gives Figures. | American Tobacco Co., paying Senator Hewitt said the appro-| dividends of over $18,000,000 in priation was made from a bond is-/ 3998, has now accumulated a sur- sae authorized in 1926, and was/ plus’ of over $45,000,000. As a spec y designated for the ac-| trust, violating the Sherman Anti- quisition of additional lands. An ad-| Trust law, it was ordered disinte- ditional appropriation of $25,000 was made for improving the lands, the senator said. He then asserted, reading from the record of the comp- troller’s office, that of this amount only $304 s spent for the purpose intended, and $65,000 was spent for { sala’ ranging from 1,200 to $8,- | * (000 a year. Headquarters of the Taconic Park Commission, which oversees the ex- penditures, are in Poughkeepsie, | where the records are kept, it was | stated, Defy Governor. Before the legislature adjourned! at 4 p. m. officially, but with) clocks stopped at 3:55, the lower| | Schulte Retail grated in 1911 when it sold to Lig- gett and Myers and to P. Lorillard | Co. part of the property it had ac- quired by mergers. But by 1923 it had again eluded all trust-busters and acquired controlling interest in Stores Corp. and Tobacco Products Corp. R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., mak- er of Camel cigarettes and of Prince Albert smoking tobacco, was orig- inally owned by America Tobacco Co., but is now supposedly an en- tirely separate company. It em- ploys 20,000 workers in a dozen plants in North Carolina, Virginia and Kentucky, This corporation has likewise accumulated an enormous house passed by a republican party | vote the “supplemental budget} measure” of $56,000,000 carrying| the same provisions for check on) the governor’s discretion in spend-/ ing which Roosevelt used as an ex- cuse for vetoing the originalbudget | bill several weeks ago. i If this also is vetoed, a special | session is expected. | The assembly yesterday voted down the Jenks prohibition enforce- ment bill, and passed the 2 cent tax) on gasoline, but without the 20 per cent reduction in state income taxes | recommended by the governor. | The Senate passed an income tax bill abolishing the tax on single men’s incomes of $2,500 or less and} married mi incomes of $4,000. The former figures had been $1,500) and $3,500. surplus fund of over $40,000,000 which if divided among the 20,000 workers would add $2,000 a year to earnings now averaging below $900. NEEDLE UNION TO HOLD BAZAAR Rally Shop Chairmen for Big Affair Hundreds of delegates, represen- tatives from the shops in the needle trades industry yesterday heard re- union at a conference in Webster Hall, 11th St. and Third Ave., and adopted plans for the coming gen- eral strike in the fur industry. Programs Worked Out. In addition to the contemplated strike action, programs were worked lout for the cloak industry and for FLOODS MENACE furthering unionism in the dress- making industry. In the latter Negro Tenant Farmers |trades a strike was recently con- Driven from Homes cluded which resulted in the organ- i ns ization of a large section of the ‘| BIRMINGHAM. Ale, March 28 trade. h © (UP).—Serious flood threats con-/ Union officers and delegates re- \ports of the achievements of their | © fronted towns and cities along two Potted on the spirit for struggle “rivers in Alabama today as the Ten- which permeates the fur workers, and which is illustrated by the huge response to mass open forums and Families at the edge of the Ten- to single shop strikes already under nessee river were forced to abandon WY. their homes at Guntersville. Rose Wortis, secretary of the New Along the Tombigbee, thousands | York Joint Board, read the general of acres are under water and sev- Teport of the work accomplished in " nessee and Tombridge rivers con- : tinued to rise. eral hundred families from Demo- all departments of the union. Co-| polis, south to Mobile Bay, have Teports on finances and organiza- beeh kept from their homes for the tion were made by Julius Portnoy, last ten days as the stream crept treasurer, and Irvirg Potash. Sum- slowly to its crest. i * * * cussion was made by Joint Board Demopolis is in the heart of the Manager Joseph Boruchovich. cotton section, most of the farmers i vst out by flood are Negro ten. U.S. AMBASSADOR LEAVES mation of the entire reports and dis- | Year for Men; Year tor Boss HOOVER EVADES CHILD SLAVER Children Work Long Hours WASHINGTON, March 28.—Pres- ident Hoover last night proclaimed May 1 to be Child Health Day, stat- ing that “the future of our nation rests with the children of today” and “the march forward of our country must be upon the feet of children” but without saying a word about the child slavery conditions prevail- | ing in those parts of the South where he got his republican votes last year, or about the New Bedford textile mills owned by the republican na- tional committeeman Butler, or about the health wracking slavery of little girls in the chain stores of M. Pen- ny, Hoover’s millionaire host in Florida. Child Slaves Injured. He merely invites church and “li- beral organizations to make every) reasonable effort to bring about a) nation-wide understanding of the fundamental significance of healthy | childhood and of the importance of the conservation of the health and physical vigor of our boys and girls”, without giving any details about the | general violation of what minimum, age limits exist, especially in the! textile industry, without stating the government figures which show about one fourth more accidents in ‘factories employing’ ehild slaves. Hoover's Friends Slavers. | As a matter of fact, under Hoover | and without protest from him, child slavery is used in enormous quanti- ties on American farms, where the| hours of labor are anything from! ten to eighteen and the weeding and other most tiresome work is given to little children, who are permitted to work from 51 to 60 hours a week between the ages of 14 and 16 in ten states. In Connecticut children can} be worked 58 hours a week in stores. In Montana there are no limits at all to the number of hours children can be worked aside from several industries. In the South, to which Hoover gives his special attention and to which section he has promised especial consideration, “to build its industries,” the most child labor is used, and here the chambers of com- merce boast, “We use American labor, docile and uncontaminated by unionism, without regulations by the | States and with low age limits.” Bail for McManus itt ithe Rothstein Murder Case; Trial Is Doubtful George McManus, the only man actually arrested und held in the Rothstein murder case. was today admitted to $50,000 hail. It is very doubtful if he will ever come to trial. The police showed extreme care not to arrest him at the time of the erime, and only took him in when he came in and in- sisted on being arrested, | The Rothstein case developed into a scandal, in which it became evi- dent that Tammany police were } QUEENS OFFICIAL KINLOCH MINER FACING CHARGE, GLAD TO HEAR RESIGNS POST. OF JUNE MEET Tries to Put All Blame “Cleveland Convention | on Harvey What Is Needed” | (Continued from Page One) Fritz Brieger, superintendent of | street cleaning in Queens Borough resigned because he was afraid to} stay im office after charging that $400,000 worth of city property had been stolen by borough officials, it is said here. The resignation, presented two “ Pi days ago and acted on yesterday Unorganized Represented. followed a statement by Brieger be-| The Cleveland convention will fore official investigators that he | have not only the three new unions, would not submit the proof he had,|the National Miners Union, the Na- and this in turn followed his ad-| tional Textile Workers Union and mission to friends that members of |the Necdle Trades Industrial Union the cabinet of Borough President| (which have just endorsed the con- George U. Harvey had told him he | vention call); it will go further. It “would be picked up dead in a ditch” | will have representation from the if he kept on making revelations, unorganized. Shop committees in Says Harvey Corrupt. non-union factories and plants are Brieget, however, in hin legac oh |*2, 0° Puke MB t0.Send: delegates to resignation, charged Harvey with | {he on be ore ceeinaeaca perpetuating conditions in the|‘"°® Wi" De ba a pgrepengemtsage ta Queens government that lead $y | eer Oe Organized left wings, $80,000,000 sewer grafts, convicted |{@hting inside the old unions, one borough president of taking | S&ainst mubleaoers of labor who are bribes, and eaused the death by as-|Gurit,ften™ wil te Tepresentee HA * ‘ganizati paigns in all in- eerie two witnesses. Frank |dustries, particularly basic indus- Hillert, who was promoted to super-|Neetoes, this, is the prospect the intendent of public works, submitted haa Aaa coris (odie their resignations to Harvey yester- | Suits the Militants. It is a prospect that suits the day. | place was taken by three new unions already formed. militant trade union center and | they heartily approve of the Trade Union Unity Convention, called by the Trades Union Educational Educational League to meet in} Cleveland June 1 and 2. | Briéger’s Frederick Sasse, who was borough| They have a history already that \secretary before Suraci. Several Fired. Brieger’s exposure caused ousting cf Deputy Cofimissioner of Public Works Frank J. McMaster and Edgar James, personal investigator for the Borough President. Master and James have caused papers in a $100,000 joint defamation of char- |acter suit to be served on Brieger, who had charged the two with act- ing improperly in office. On Jan. 22, William T. Stevenson, | assistant superintendent of the Bu- |reau of Street Cleaning and an em- ploye of the department since 1904 was suspended by Borough Pres- ident Harvey at the request of Brie- ger, after Stevenson had refused to resign. At the same time Brieger announced that he had uncovered graft in the Bureau which was ex- | | fits well into such a fighting pro- | gram. | The National Miners Union is an | outgrowth of the left wing and pro- | gressive movement in the United |Mine Workers of America, which as \early as 1924 organized as the op- | position to Lewis misleadership and began to call attention to the fact |that he was betraying the union to \the coal operators and wrecking it. | Under the Save-the-Union slogan, | \this movement continued and broad- |ened, held a conference in Pitts- | bureh in April, 1928, to extend the strike, and, when Lewis lost the |strike, held a convention to which |the unorganized miners sent dele- j@ates, and in spite of attacks by |every sort of police and thugs, or- ‘ganized the new union. Years of Struggle. capitalist ldtw, he is lecturing to im of American institutions. sworn in by Judge Francis Martin Supreme Court. Cohn is a son-in-l States Bank. He owes his political Promotion for Faithful Tammany Judge Tammany Hall in the Bronx Supreme Court, is not interpreting Judge Cohn (right), ia shown here, being | father-in-law plus his faithful services to the Tammany machine, | | migrants on the alleged democracy , at the Appellate Division of the | law of the president of the United advancement to the backing of his | SANTONLEADER SHOT BY CHIANG. Chang’s Army Holds) Chefoo (Continued from Page One) Tsung-jen of plotting the overthrow of Nanking. Feng Sticks. Pei and Li Tsung-jen are both members of the Kwangsi group. Pei has been reported in a pact with Yen Hsi-shan: and Chang Tsung- chang against the Nanking regime. The declaration expresses the be- lief that northern China will remain loyal to Nanking. Shortly after its gtams from Feng Yushieng and Chang Hsueh-liang pledging their support to Chiang Kai-shek. * * * issuance, Nanking published tele-| GOVERNOR LONG BUILDS DEFENSE Tries to Save Himself; Wouldn’t Save Negroes | BATON, ROUGE, La., March 28, | j—Friends of Governor Long of} Louisiana have been circulating a! |story that he would resign in| jorder not to appear before the sen- jate on the 19 charges ranging from |being drunk at a party to hiring ia man to kill one of the ropre- |Sentatives, with plenty of graft ac: | |cusations thrown in. However, the Ku Klux Klan gov-| ernor, who never turned a hait or made a motion for their defense |When a lynch mob slaughtered the| |two Blackman brothers, Negroes, at| |Boyce last year, now says he is | jShocked at the idea of resigning, | |the United | day. Rumor Liu’s Treachery. jand that he will comb the state for SHANGHAT, China, March 28—) support, touring the country with, The body of the army of Chang /4 brass band and building a defense Tsung-chang entered Chefoo at 8 | organization for himself of a mil- a, m. this morning while the troops |jjon men, of Liu Chen-nien were reported to| 4 committee of 12 members of have taken up a defensive position pected to reach $1,000,000. There} The Needle Trades Workers In- was evidence, he charged, of payroll |dustrial Union has waged a mili- padding; that more than 250,000 |iant left wing fieht, a continuous gallons of gasoline bought by the | battle within the Furriers, Garment borough had disappeared. Workers Unions in the larger cities aD lof the United States and especially Darrow Exposes Plan ie New York, for a long time, and ‘ ee |cclebrated its organization by win- To Give Illinois Judges ning a strike a few months later, to * |re-establish the 40-hour week and Still Greater Power nion wages and conditions in be- |tween 200 and 300 dress shops in SPRINGFIELD, Iil., March 28.— | New York. When Clarence Darrow, prominent | ‘The National lawyer, appeared before the senate | trnion was organized almost en- and house judiciary committees of | titely from unorganized workers, baled phates fed, Laat te Pro- | after the New Bedford strike of posed change in criminal court pro-/inct year, which the United Textile cedures which would limit the power | Workers tried to control and be- of the jury and place more power | juny. into the hands of the judge, he found | ""* ; himself the center of attack from! All of these new umons have a reactionary politicians and judzes, | history, therefore, brief as it is, Darrow declared that the pro-| filled with successful struggles for Textile Workers posed change ji. the offspring of powerful financial interests who j beehet conditions for their mem- | bers, and have made real gains, in sharp distinction to the surrender i would like to have their own judges | Sha ¥ ‘ \try eases without the incumberance | VOlicy of the reactionary bureau- of a jury. eracies of the old unions. — Wood, a former assistant states | The National Trade Union Unity attorney, jumped to his feet and de-| Convention in Cleveland is much clared, “Do you think I’m going to | Strengthened already by their for- sit here silently :nd have all the mal support, officials of the Trade courts attacked in this manner by, Union Educational. League declared a man who has been a defender of Yesterday. criminals all his life? Darrow may | be the leader of criminals who are “] imitations” Statute causing Chicago’s crime wave.” 'Lives of New York Workers Endangered by Pollution of Water That 10,000,000 persons in greater New York have their lives and health menaced by pollution of the rivers and waterways by sewerage was the statement of the Regional Plan of New York and Its Environs yesterday, The report says that the chief offenses are in the Harlem and low- er East Rivers, adjoining working 'Used to Save Prominent Philadelphia Leaders PHILADELPHIA, March 28.— | |The Special Grand Jury which has spent months on the Philadelphia | underworld admitted today in its | final presentment that it was not re- porting any of the leaders. The resentment. read before Judge Edwin 0. Lewis who last August ordered the investigation, said the jurors were “unable to name the higher-ups.” The grand jury stated that it had | evidence that would have been use- at about six miles outside the city. Chang has accepted $100,009 in gold from the local chamber of com- merce to restrain his troops from! looting but it is believed that the loot of Chefoo is inevitable. | Treachery is still rumored on the | part of Liu Chen-nien, tho the ac- tual blame is placed as usual upon a subordinate who left a gap in the line thru which Chang’s forces were able to wedge their way. As this} gap in the lines had been reported | from Chefoo for several days past) it is not considered here that Liu} permitted Chang to enter the city. Chang’s troops are said to be well armed. “Revolt on Volga” for Miners’ Aid Saturday “The Nevolt on the Volga” will have its first showing under the auspices of Local New York, Work- ers’ International Relief, at the Film Guild Cinema W. Eighth St. near Sixth Ave., this Saturday at midnight, to open the campaign for miners’ relief. The picture is a new Sovkino film directed by Juriz Taritsch, who imade the production “Czar Ivan the | Terrible.” It deals with the Pugat- scheff uprising, which comititutes a dramatie and highly colorful chap- ter in the history of Czarist Russia. Tickets are on sale at the Work- ers Bookshop, 26 Union Square, and 799 Broadway, Room 221. Whalen Puts Fake Hero Back on Police Force Commissioner Whalen has rein- stated on the police force Vito C. Ferraro, who was discharged a year ago for framing a rescue of a man) “from the icy waters of Erie) Basin” as his story went. | A swimming test later showed the | cop couldn’t even tread in water | over his head, and that he was a! \themselves in a theatre in which the House was enpointed today to draw up rules for carrying on the impeachment proceedings and should the vote Monday result in decision | to put the governor on trial, he would face the Senate as a jury| with the state sunteme -eotirt chief | justice or an associate justice, pre-| siding. NEGROES FIGHT SEGREGATION CHAMPAIGN, lll. (By Mail) — Mass meetings of Negroes here are | being held in reply to the segrega- tion measures adopted against Ne- groes by white bourgeois elements. Recently a policeman attacked and beat Edley Mileam, a young Negro, when he and some friends seated they had reserved seats, The beat- ing occurred in prison. i KELLOGG GIVES — WAY TO MORE BLATANT JINGO : emt ‘Negotiated Nicaragua Deal WASHINGTON, March 28.— Direction of the foreign affairs of States passed tonight from the hands of Frank B. Kellogg |into those of the former secretary of war, Henry L. Stimson. The new secretary of state was sworn in by Chief Justice William Howard Taft, in whose administration he was sec- retary of war, Faithful Tool. Kellogg has been a faithful tool of Wall Street from the time he stepped into office until he made |way for his militant successor to- Yet even Wall Street is glad to replace its puppet with a more aggressive mind, more eagerly and boldly visioning the plans of U, 8S. imperialism in its struggle with the British. ‘Towards War. The transfer of administration is expected to bring a more military tone to handling of foreign affairs, with President Hoover, himself, playing a far move important role in directing foreign relations toward war than did even President Cool- idge. Yet Kellogg served his masters well, Under his direction the so- called peace pact which bears his name was launched to cover the war preparations of the imperialist pow- ers With pacifist phrases of limita- tion of armament and good-will. Marines in Nicaragua. His administration saw the in- vasion of Nicaragua by the United States marines, the passive con- quest of Mexico through the changed volicy incarnate in the sending of a Morgan partner as ambassador, and later the passive intervention of the United States in the present upris- ing by the sending of atms and am- taunition and war planes to the fed- etals while they ate withheld from the clericals. Stimson’s Role. The incoming secretary, Stimson, is notorious for his part in the peace pact of Tiptitapa in 1927, in which he bought over the Nicaraguan lib- eral general, Moncada, with the promise of the presidency if he would betray the liberal cause. j But. as Stimson takes office, Gen- 5 eral Sandino is still valiantly lead- ing the arniy of independence against which the United States ma- vines have been unable to make headway in two years. The Mexican federal is threatened by a clerical and large landholder outbreak of formidable proportions. As Kellogg steps out and Stimson takes the reins the future looks more like war, JOBLESS, TURNS ON GAS. Norman Evans, 30, was found dead in his room at 105 W. 68th St. yesterday. The gas was turned on. _ Suicide, following a long period of », unemployment, was said to have | been the cause. t Last Day! FIRST SHOWING IN AMERICA! AND ON THE SAME PROGRAM POTEMKIN The Sereen Classic film guil Special weekdays: 12 to 2, 850; 2 “AELITA” THE REVOLT OF THE ROBOTS The Russian “R. U. R.” 52 West 8th St., bet. 5th & 6th Aves., Continuous Popular Prices, Daily inel. Sat. & Sun, Noon to Midnight.—Phone, SPRing 5005-5000 A Mejrapomfilm THE LAST LAUGH The Perfect Motion Picture d cinema to 6, 60c; Sat. & Sun., 12 to 2, 50c Starting Tomorrow: “FLAMES ON THE VOLGA”—a remark- able Soviet drama of a peasant revolt during the reign of Catherine the Great PARIS on tae BARRICADES » _ ants, who will receive no relief, as,| LONDON, March 28—Alanson B. | protecting Rothstein's million dol-|¢lass districts, and that it is getting ful in the prosecution of various) fanciful liar. | by GEORGE SPIRO this is reserved for white planta- Houghton left his post as American lar drug smuggling turnover. and | Worse continually. prominent persons, but, unfortun-/ But Whalen, who is conducting an | ‘ " tion owners and town dwellers. In ambassador to Britain and set sail that evidence had been destroyed| A billion gallons of sewerage is ately, “the statutes of limitations) enormous _ballyhoo campaign to | Demopolis itself Negro parents’ as-|for Baden-Baden in a diplomatic | which implicated many “higher-ups” | thrown into these rivers annually | prevents action.” make everybody forget his strike- Is Now vf n Ii ts Second Edition! sociations have built up schools for few weeks’ rest before returning to |in New York. Negro children, the state not fur-, the United States. His last remarks | Recently a private guard of Roth- nishing any adequate funds for edu- were that there would be no war | stein was killed by machine gun tion. mtence imposed on him by Judge) loke yosterday at White Plains,| Malcolm G. Swift, age 25, who had onfessed several trifling larcenies, emounced the Baumes law in such ing manner that the judge to hang his head in si-| The prisoner looked straight | and said sentencing me to a life) quite a few jobs, but’ Driven to desperation by a life} between the two powers. (SCORES LIFE TERM LAW a” this is the same sentence you would give a murderer, “IT have never harmed anybody physically, I have never stooped 80 low as to commit a murder, and still you give me a sentence that only a murderer should get. “T’ve paid, and paid dearly, for my past crimes and now you are making me pay again. It’s uncon- stitutional to place a man in jeopardy twice on the same charge committed in the pasi.” |fire in a Florida hotel, with no pros- pect of the murderer being arrested. _ Police Commissioner Whalen was linstalled, apparently to make a great ncise and distract. pubjic at- tention from the Rothstein case, though ostensibly and formally to solve the case. Czech Officials Fight U.S, Auto Competition PRAGUE, Czechoslovakia, March 28.—Europe was just beginning to struggle against American produc- | tion declared Foreign Minister No- ‘vak at the opening of the Czecho- slovak Automobile Club here, He argued for increasing the tariff on American automobiles, duction. said the report. |U. S. to Deport 200,000 Canada Workers After July 1, Report Says WASHINGTON, March 28. — A report that the United States im- migration authorities were planning to deport after July 1 200,000 Can- adians, most of them workers en- gaged in seasonal and migratory trades, was denied by the depart- ment of labor, which said that the reports were “fantastic.” Carl White, assistant secretary of labor, however, said that this figure was “guess work,” and hinted that a large number would be deported, but that no one could estimate the number, ithe bosses. selling out the workers, Preliminary court activity in- dicated that nearly a hundred mem- jbers of the police force, including four police captains, had been mak- ‘ing big money in graft from tie |booze, drug and vice concessions granted certain criminals. Few. prosecutions resulted, but a certain | number of exnulsions from the de- partment and ignations followed. Misleaders Lose in Boiler Union Poll LONDON. (By Mail).—So dis- gusted are the rank and filers with misleaders of the Boilermakers So- ciety, that in a poll regarding an ogreement of the misleaders with only 4,000 out of 50.000 members voted. Of these, only 31 backed the breaking stuff and his promise to “solve the Rothstein case” which was one of dope rings protected by Tammany police, needs men with imagination on his force. WINTER PARK, Fla., March 28. publican organization grow in the south depends upon what stand he will take on patronage outrages and corruption there, declared George Fort Milton, editor of the Chat- tanooga News. He also inferred that Smith and his Tammany machine are just as corrupt and unacceptable to the “honest voters” of the south. and ordered another poll, ‘ of democrncy—Karl win’ the battle r] iat Manifesto) % Says Hoover Will Have to Do Away with Fraud | Whether Hoover can make his re- | This has. enabled us to reduce the price to 22244 25 cents 224444 and offers a-splendid opportunity to widen the sale of this most timely and brilliant example of revolutionary fiction WORKERS LIBRARY PUBLISHERS just becat rf ‘i ‘ fesid Fi agreement. aries. aed 1 ir antigo ty pit baagee malrparaar te which now made up more than one- CMnebenAiat The officials of the union di 35 Ease 125tH Srreer. oats Naw Yorx Grr. ‘ ce me again for crimes third the total of the Czech pro- for- | clared the result “unsatisfactory,” | to the portion of ruling clnas, to