The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 18, 1929, Page 3

DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, MARCH 18, 1929 LR. T. White LATVIA POLICE JAIL MANY IN RED SPY’ RAIDS Cloaks Terror Against | Communists (Red Aid Press Service) BFRLIN (By Mail).—At the pres- | ent cime the Latvian police are do- voting the greater part of their time to a widespread campaign against the Communists under the | cloak of an anti-spy action. The spirit which is being propa- gated is similar to the occurrences in the beltigerent countries at the beginning of the war. In this case | remy is the Soviet Union arJ | ” are Communi: and | onary workers in geneval. ! The Latvian newspapers report | new arrests and searches. The organization is supposed to! e its central committee in Riga end branch organizations in Libau and other towns in Latvia. The} leader of this organization is said to be P. Chrutzki, who has been ar- vested and is alleged to be the rep- ntative of the Communist Inter- onal. Chrutzki is said to have maintained connections with British | vegiments and with the naval har- | bor in Libav. Two young men, the 19-year-old Anion Kriiovitch and} Ivan Trofimovitch,, have been ar-) vested on the Lettish frontier. They | | are said to have maintained rela- tions with Soviet Russian authori- | | tie usual “Jorged passes” andj | “large sums of money,” together with “instructions,,” ete., have all} been “found” by the police, as is in such casi New arrests e besn made in Riga, Neuhoff | nd other towns. It quite clear that the whole | affair is nothing but a mass attack upon the Communists, similar to | ether attacks in other countries, and | ihat the “spy” scare has been raised \ in order to make the work of the olice easier and to incite public) n against the Communists. Lenin Readi The photograph of Lenin read: Committee and Moscow Committe: Soviet Union, is one of the most Soviet Union. It has been put int ng “Prayda” ing “Pravda,” organ of the Central e of the Communist Party of the popular pictures of Lenin in the ‘0 a desk frame and is to be found upon desks and tables of offices and homes throughout the Union. V. L. Lenin on Materialistic Conception of History (The following is a section from the article by Lenin on “Marxism,” | reprinted from pages 122 to 129 of “Karl Marx, Man, Thinker and Rev- olutionist,” a@ symposium edited by D. Ryazanoff and published by In- ternational Publishers.) * Becoming aware of the inconsis- tency, the incompleteness, and the one-sidedness of the older material- ism, Marx realized that it was neces sary “to harmonize the science of society with the material founda- tion, and to reconstruct it in accord- ance ‘with this foundation.” speaking generally, materialism ex- plains consciousness as the outcome of existence, and not conversely; in the particular application of this doctrine to the social life of man- kind, materialism must explain social consciousness as the outcome of so- cial existence. “Technology,” writes Marx in the first volume of Capital, “discloses the active relationship between man * * and nature, the immediate process of | | production of his life; but in addi-' If,; tion it discloses his social conditions of life, and the mental products that issue from these.” In the preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Marx gives an integral formulation of the fundamental contentions of materialism, as applied to human so- ciety and its history. Here are his words: “In the social production which human beings carry on, they enter into definite relationships which are determined, that is to say, indepen- dent of their will — productive re- lationships which correspond to a definite evolutionary phase of the material forces of production. The totality of these productive relation- ships forms the economic structure of society, the real basis upon which a legal and political superstructure develops and to which definite forms of social consciousness corfespond. “The mode of production of ma- terial life determines the general character of the social, political, and intellectual processes of life. It is not the consciousness of human be- COSSACK BILL PASSES OHIO STATE SENATE ‘Special Police to Be Used in Strikes A bill to establish a state con- stabulary in Ohio has passed the Senate of the Ohio legislature with only six dissenting votes and is now | pending before the House Commit- |tee on Highways. The American Civil Liberties Union has called upoa its Ohio friends to fight the meas- ure. Particular exception is taken to the provision which makes it pos- sible upon order of the governor to use state troopers in industrial con- flicts |. “This is intended to meet the op- | pgsition to the state police as strike- breakers,” the Union points out. |“But in fact it does not. Our ex- perience has shown that such a restriction, which appears in use ¢? the police in strikes with the in- evitable invasion of the civil rights of the strikers. Anarchism was often a kind of punishment for the opportunist sins of: the working class movement. Anarchism and opportunism are two deformities, one complementary to the other—V. I, Lenin (“Left” Com- ism). ings that determines their existence, but, conversely, it is their social ex- istence that determines their con- sciousness, At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing productive rela- tionships, or (to express the matter in legal terminology) with the prop- erty relationships within which they have hitherto moved. “These 1elationships, which have ‘ previously been developmental forms | of the productive forces, now be- come metamorphosed into letters upon production. A period of social revolutions then begins. Concomit- antly with the change in the econo- mic foundation, the whole gigantic superstructure is more or less rapid- ly transformed, “AZURE CITIES: FROM “AZURE C | «NOTE:—-Alexey — Nicolaievich Tolstoy (born 1882) is a member ei a collateral branch of the re- | uowned Tolstoy family. His mother | | was a TPurgeney. During the Civil Yar, Tolstoy was with the whites, | together with them enligrated to | Europe and settled in France. | Torn from his native soil, Tolstoy | jelt artistically impotent. With | the beginning of the Smenovek- hovtsi (the Changing Landmarks literary group), he declared him- on-political, accepted the new and returned to Soviet Russia. As a as prose, Alexey Tolstoy had wen recognition as far back as 1909. writer of poetry, as well The s that he has written since his return to the Soviet Union deal sympathetically with | various aspects of the new life. | They are excellently told—vivid | language, graceful humor, strik- ing deseription, moving plots. “Azure Cities” is one of his best.), * A Word or Two of Introduction. QNE of the witnesses, a student of the engineering school, Semyo- nov, was giving unexpected testi- mony in the more obscure, but as it later turned out, the real point of | the whole investigation. What | seemed to the Investigator when he first became acquainted with the events of the tragic night (between the third and fourth of July) to be a strange and crazy act or perhaps a clever simulation of insanity, now became the key to the solution of | the entire case. It’ became necessary to rebuild the order of the investigation, and to conduct it from the end of the | tragedy—from that piece of canvas (three yards by one and one-half) , which had been nailed to the tele- graph post on the square of the country seat at dawn at the fourth of July. The crime was not committed by an insane man—this had been estab- lished by the examination and by ex- pert testimony. Most probably the criminal was in a state of extreme delirium. Nailing the canvas to the * post, he had jumped down awk- wardly, sprained his leg and lost ‘consciousness. This saved his life— the crowd would have torn him to pieces, When questioned at the pre- ‘ jiminary investigation he had been tremendously excited, but now the Court Investigator found him quieter and able to give an account of what had happened. Still, it was impossible to re-con- struct a clear picture of the crime from his answers—the picture still ) fell to pieces. And it was only Sem- ' yonov’, story that united all these | pieces into one whole. Before the Investigator there unfolded a pas- sionate story of a tormenting, im- patient and feverish imagination. 8 * First News of Vassili Alexeievich Buzheninov. LITTLE {tc the side of chuk station, ig.what is now U.c'egsinst (he Whites and the Crceas; jareh ‘eft ITIES” Pugachov district, a Red ‘Army | transport crawled through miles of mud. Around it the brown steppe overhung by wet clouds; in the dis- tance as dim as the three-hundred- year-old sadness of Russia, a slit of light over the edge of the steppe— and propped telegraph posts on the side of the road. It was the autumn of 1919, The mounted vanguard accom- |vanying the transport ran into the signs of fresh battle in this windy | desert: several dead horses, an over- arned wagon, a half-score of human corpses without coats or boots. The vanguard, casting side-glances, would ‘ave passed by, but the commander ddenly turned in his saddle, and sointed his wei mitten at a tele- graph post. The vanguard stopped. Propped against the post sat a man with a scarlet face, immobile, staring at the arrivals, From his shaven skull hung a bloody rag. His baked lips moved as if he whispered to himself. Apparently he was but he remained sitting as if he sewn to his sleeve. When two horsemen leaped heav- ily from their mounts and walked toward him, slipping in the mud, he began to move his lips rapidly, his moustachless face wrinkled, his eyes widened, white with horror and anger. “I don’t want to, I don’t want to,” this man murmured hurriedly. “Go away, don’t hide it. . . . You don’t let me see it... , To the devil with you. . . . We have destroyed you long ago... . Don’t stamp before my eyes, don’t bother me. . , . There, again. ... From that mound over the river... . Look, you white-guard. dogs, turn around... , You see—the bridge in the centre of the city—the arch—the distance Between—three kilometers. . . . Made of air? No, no, that is aluminum. And the lan- terns in an arc on the thinnest of posts, like needles... .” \ The man was in delirium from spotted typhus and seemed to mis- take his own for enemies. They could not find out from him to what detachment the ten men who lay by the roadside belonged, He him- self had remained alive only because during the engagement he had lain wounded in the wagon which they now saw turned upside down. * ee placed him in a wagon filled with oats. In the evening they bandaged his wounds at the Bezenchuk station, and sent him on to Moscow with the nearest sanitary train. His documents were in the name of Vassili Alexeievich Buzhe- ninoy, born in the province of Smo- lensk, twenty-one years of age. This man remained alive. To- wards spring he recovered, and in the summer he was sent to the front again. With hundreds of others like him, Buzheninov entered and the ruined cities of the Hes’ hi in rut. groves az hosry orchards in sucoting forays 8 ‘ tw Copyright, International: Publishers. 1929 sat on starry nights near campfires jabove the Don; pushed through, the jmud in the steppes under the au- {tumn wind that howled dismally be- jtweeen the ears of his horse and jalong the telegraph wires; struggled in fever in the white-hot sands of Turkestan; marched under Perekop and into Poland. ; He remembered all this after- jwards as if it had been a dream: |the hand-to-hand fights, the songs jot the hungry belly tightened with the Red Army belt, the half-ruined freight cars rushing across the |plains, the roofs of villages aflame jon the horizon, his comrades, now a tigue and hunger. , His comrades, like the posts and trees that run by jinto the earth. There were no in- \dividuals in those days, there were jonly brothers. There is that little |brother who has wrapped his feet shoes, dragging porridge from the roll in your jaw, and in the eve- ning, see, he lies with his face dovm, his cold fingers stuck into the earth. That is why those years came to jthe memory like a dream. | * * * NY information about the life of Vassili Alexeievich dissolves in the mist of those years. not ill, he was not wounded, he re- ceived no leaves of absence. Once Semyonov met him in a_ frontier town, in a tavern, and spent sev- eral hours in hot discussion over a botle of moonshine. Later Semyo- nov said the following about that meeting: “TI graduated from the same school with Vassili Buzheninov. He was one year ahead of me. He entered the school of architecture in sixteen, and I the engineering school in sev- enteen. “In the tavern we began to re- call the past. Suddenly Buzheninov sprang up and grimaced. ‘Why should we turn over the past? Let’s years have passed since then. I re- member how my grandmother back home nomy,—made four boxes out of one. Look at that economy now. Two and a half thousand locomotives lie useless on the scrap-heap. I ask— the war Ss ended,—does that mean that we have to split matches in four again? There is no return. Throw all that is old on the scrap-heap. Either we will go to the devil or we will build on those places where our brothers are rotting, build wonder- ful cities and powerful factories, plant blooming orchards . , . It’s for ourselves we are building now... And if for ourselves, then it must be in a real way, in a big way. .” . ° . | AETER the demo on Vassili “© Aloxeievich enicved Gia cchool of ggaia and was in Mos- s A STORY OF LIFE IN THE USS By ALEXEY TOLSTOY He was} speak of something else. A hundred| in the province split each) match into four for the sake of eco-| ‘ cow until the spring of 1924, Semyo- nov tells that Buzheninov worked all this time with a heat that resembled delirium. He actually starved., He said that once he slept in a tomb in the Don Cemetery. Women, of course, he avoided. And on his bony, rounded shoulders he still wore the same Red Army coat, bullet-riddled and covered with brown stains, in which he had once been found in the steppes of the Pugachov district. In the beginning of April Buzhe- ninov had a nervous breakdown. Semyonov made room for him on a couch, At that time Buzheninov jteceived a letter from home, and|in the economic development of 80-/ cige determining conditions in the |singing and carefree, now insanely |read it very often, as if it were writ-| ciety. gry in battle, now quiet with fa-|ten in a language which he could) production are the last of the antag- understanc but little. excited him very much. The letter Several a train, disappeared from his mem-| times he said that he must go home| jory, from his sight, went “home” |for a while, otherwise he would| tory, or (to put the matter more |never forgive himself. |parent that his | overwrought. | Semyonov collected money among It was ap- imagination was |making terrific exertions to rise,/in pieces of carpeting in place of | their friends and bought Buzheninov a railroad ticket. Two days or so jwere made of lead. A red star was | pot in such a way that the muscles | before his leaving a party was ar- ranged to celebrate the spring, at that party Buzheninov somewhat drunk and in extreme excitement, told his friends a remarkable story. His story is told here exactly as it was heard by his friends who had completely filled Semyonov’s room, on that evening when beyond the | open window, over the roofs of Mos- |cow, over the narrow streets striped with advertisements, over the anci- ent towers, over the transparent | branches of the bouleva_d lindens, flowed bluish twilight, and the spring moon, disdained by the poets of the entire Union, stood, a narrow and icy sickle in the evening desert. (To Be Continued.) . “It is a work of devotion to cause of the work- ing class.” M. J. Olgin 4 Barricades by GEORGE SPIRO A stirring narration of the heroism It is a work of singular the WORKERS LIBRARY PUBLISHERS 43 EAST 125TH STREET washed in Tailor’s Death But Witness Sticks to Story Told to Page Three ‘Daily’ GOV'T HIRELING WINS BY FRAUD IN FREE STATE Arrests, Intimidation | Elect O’Higgins | DUBLIN, March 17.—Thomas O’Higgins brother of the assassin- ated Kevin O’Higgins, «won the North Dublin bye-election today and thereby removed probability that the Government might fall imme- diately. | Phe vote was very close, 24,445 to | 28,294, and charges of government fraud and intimidation of voters are |freely made. Only 57 per cent of the jelectorate dared to vote, | In O'Higgins’ election the govern- | ment sought support in its campaign against the alleged gunman menace | of juriés which try to convict Re- publican rebels. The government has revived the} “cat and mouse” tactics reminiscent | of the British suffragette days, ar-| resting scores of suspects without { charges, holding them a while, and |then releasing them. The government had launched sev- eral attacks against De Valera Re- publicans. The latter group denied; iknowledge of any gunman conspir- | | acy. | “When we contemplate such trans- formations we must always distin- guish: on the one hand, between the material changes in the economic conditions of production, changes which can be watched and. recorded with all the precision proper to nat- ural science; and, on the other, the ‘legal, political, religious, artistic, or | philosophical forms (in a word, the ideological forms) in which human beings become aware of this con- flict and fight it to an issve. | “Just as little as we form an| opinion of an individual in ROTO ance with what he thinks of him- self, just so little can we appraise | |a revolutionary epoch in accordance with its own consciousness of itself ;| for we have to exp’:in this con- sciousness as the outcome of the _ contradictions of material life, of the | extant conflict between social pro-) + ductive forces and productive rela-| | tionships. No type of social struc- ‘ture ever perishes, until there have, | been developed all the productive | forces for which it has room; and) new and higher forces of production} never appear upon the scene, until | the material conditions of existence requisite for their development have| | matured within the womb of the old | | society. | | “That is why mankind never sets | itself any tasks which it is not able| to perform; for when we look closely | |into the matter, we shall always) | find that the demand for the new| | enterprise only arises when the ma-| | terial conditions of existence are | ripe for its successful performance | |— or at any rate have «begun to/ | ripen. : | “In broad outline we can describe | | the Asiatic, the classical, the feudal, | | and the modern (capitalist) forms | of production, as progressive epochs | Bourgeois relationships of! onistic forms of the social process | of production.” : : The materialist conception of his- | precisely) the extension of material- | | ism to the domain of social phenom- ena, filled the two chief gaps in earl- | ier historical theories. | | For, in the first place, even the) | best of such theories attended only| to the ideological motives of the his- torical activity of human beings; they madé no attempt to discover the origin of these ideological mo- tives, or to grasp the objective con- formity to law in the development of the system of social relationships, or to discern the roots of these so- | cial relationships in the degree of | Advertiser wants connection with up-state workers who sell low-priced land for developing new colony. Must be in farming district or thereabout. Describe surroundings in first letter. T. FABER, 280 Bowery, N. Y. C. —A Gem of Revolu- tionary Fiction .. of the proletarian women and children during the “72 days that shook France.” 50. love, NEW YORK CITY don, 50c; Berenstein, 25c; S. Moslen, 50c; Mrs. Green, | c; M. Filtzman, $1; Hofowitz, $1; M. Shapiro, $1; A, Adler, $2; Davidson & Raskin, $2; S, Smelians' man, Worker, Locked in Vault, Nearly Loses While working in: cole, a cement worker, was locked ii shut. He remained in the vault ve hours before he was Life ide « vault in a Wall Street bank, Deqni Er- side when the ten-ton door swung finally rescued by John Bianchi, safe expert, who succeeded in opening the vault. Ercole is shown in the background shaking hands with hi rescuer. WULF INSISTS ~ HE SAW DICKS | HIT SCHINDLER Hint at Trial “Suicide” | Might Be Murder A concerted effort was made at the grand jury hearing, which ab- solved the I. R. T. from responsi- bility in the death of Herman Schindler, Bronx tailor, to make Frank Wulf, principal witness against the I, R. T. and the city police, deny that the company de- tectives had beaten Schindler, as a result of which he was found hang- ing in his cell in Morrisana jail. The grand jury proceedings, which smacked much of maneuver- ing by the I. R. T., resulted in the complete whitewashing of the ‘om- pany and its system of thuggery EMERGENCY FUND (Continued from Page Onc) Friend, $2; M. Wrtso, 50c; * H. Borenstein, 50c; J. G 50c; M. Storkin, $1; I. Levin, J. U $1; I. Rosenthal, $1; S. So- | dis, 50c; ‘ wa, 25c; L. Bookman, $1; Fungarian Workingmen Clara Horowitz, 50c; R. Hin- Home, Cleveland, Ohio..... german, 50¢; Mrs. Summerd International Branch, B: 50c; A. Eleom, 25c; M. Lev ne 50c; Mrs. Furst, 25¢; H. aS Gold, $1; S, Komer, $1; E. ; Bronx— Samuels, hwarizman, $1; M. man, Nasatir, $1; S. Loober, 50c; Naidetch, 50c; M. Shultz, J. H. Clayman, 25¢e; Co- Spector, gan, 2 A Friend, Miller. Becker, 25¢; J. Relin, ae Turtchinsky, 50c; Adel, $3. 47.60 z ? Sent in by .G. O’Hanrahan, lnuw ie ar. x gar Seattle, Wash. ...... «+ 22.15 Home, Newark, N. Dist. 15, San Jose, Calif. - 20.00 Workingwomen’s Educational Collected by Lyrus Chorus secure Banquet. Kenpaig Wass Club, East Chicago, Ind... M, venieanea A. Bue Workingwomen’s Club, Nash- bel, 50c; A. Dicios, $1; F. _wauk, Minn. ...... Branch 6, Sec. 5, Bronx | Section 1, 17, City ... . Sent ir by a group of progres- sive and revolutionary wom- Dementis, $1; W. Matazin- development of material production. In the second place, the earlier historical theories ignored the work-| en to celebrate International ing masses of the population, and) Women’s Day, Canton, O historical materialism first made it|J. Kicula, Youngstown, Ohio. possible to study with scientific ac-| Muline, Unit 7, S. S. 2A, City curacy the social cénditions of the | Max W. Todd, San Francisco. . life of the masses and to trace the | Coilected by John Gera, Rose- changes in these conditions. In the| dale, Md—Mr. and Mrs. J. best event, pre-Marxist: “sociology”| Gera, $1.40; O’Heimke, 25c; and historiography gave an accumu-| G. Dorf, 30c; H. Boeckmann, lation of dry facts, collected.in frag-| 25¢; C. Wihig, 25c; R. ments; and supplied a description of| bille, 25e; G. Godwyn, 25c; isolated aspects of the historical pro-| P. Leidtar, 25c; E. Walker, cess. . 25ce; F. Eichhof, 25c ... Marx pointed out the way tea 8F, 2B, City—-S. Levitt, 50c; comprehensive, an alert raCine | F. Poiasky, 50c; I. Cohen, study of the process of the genesis,! 25c; S. Newick, 25c; J. Med- the development, and the decay of} © nik, 25c; E. Resenkranz, social ind economic structures;|Unit 6F, Section 2A, City showing how all opposing tendencies | Collected by J. Hurenchik, could be combined,‘and could be} Bronx*—Jacob Hurenchik, $1; brought into relationship with pre-| P. Mordar, 50c; A. Hab- ransoff, 25c; E. Martinink, mode of life and the method of pro- (Continued on Page Five) $1; B. Kltvich, 50c; N. Hel- rick, 25¢ . 16.60 10.00 - 10.00 )The pr 10.0 - 10.0 10.0: 9.45 77 5.0 and the city police force which was implicated. Wul* told the same story to the Daily Worker reporter after the hearing as he first told immediately after the incident which resulted in the death of Schindler and which he repeated again before the grand 17" He related the facts of the jLeating, told how one of the com- pany thugs hit Schindler over the head with his fists and how later they beat him in the change booth |with the telephone. The grand jury completely absolved the thugs of the beating and officially buried the case. Startling evidence was given by the prison keeper, Wulf declared. ‘on keeper said he cut the jbelt on which Schindler was hang- ng in the cell. When he cut the belt, the body fell on the bench di- rectly under it and the question arises whether the bench was far enough removed from the bars from which he was said to have hung 0 himself to have actually led to his death. 0, Wulf was drilied for one hour and 25 minutes by the grand jury 9 |and an effort was made to have him say that he believed Schindler had committed suicide. Wulf, however, 5|stuck to his theory that Schindler 0 |had cither died as a result of the 0.|injuries from the beating, or had hung himself, having lost his mind jas a result of the mishandling and | threats. 5.00 5.00 | Section 1, 9F, City ... 3.00 5.00 | K. Matus, City . 3.00 Section 5, C 3.00 Section 5, Bronx.. 3.00 | Collected by S. P. Hamburges, | S. Dartmouth, Mass. + F. Torres, 50c;.¥'. Perry, 50c; A. Sorres, 15¢; M. Medeiras, 50c; A. Contino, 25c; J. Sil- J. F, Radoza, 25e3 4.00 50c; S. P. Ham- burges, 25¢e. ..... teantee! Bae Workmen’s Sick B. & Educa- tional Federation, Local 67, 4.00} Cincinnati, Ohio—J, Stock- 4.00! er, $1; M. Merrich, 25e; S, Klemann, 25c; G. Nicholyi, 25c; A. Kovach, 25c........ 2.00 |FP. N. Heck, Grand Rapids.. 2.00 | Sent in by Paul C. Reiss, Los ' Angeles, Calif.—W. E. Car- 3.50 penter, $1; A. Newman, $1 2.00 NEW SERIAL VvvVvrVvVvYV “BILL HAYWOOD’S BOOK” (EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS TO REPUB- LISH BY SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT WITH THE INTERN, PUBLISHERS) vvvvvvvvwvwwN HAT absorbing story of the class struggle by one who has a distinct place in the vvvvvvvTvVvw we + START READING THESE MEMOIRS TODAY! IN THE Daihr Ba: Worker 26: UNION SQUARE, New York City ON “SALE AT ALL NEWSSTANDS IN NEW YORK AND VICINITY . American Labor Movement. His life was devoted to a relent- less fight against capitalism and for the emancipation of the workers. vvvvvrvrvv ewe BUY AN EXTRA COPY FOR YOUR SHOPMATE!—IF YOU LIVE OUT- SIDE NEW YORK — SUBSCRIBE!