The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 7, 1928, Page 3

a pracaeinaease a THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, NOV. 7, 1928 FORAIGN NEWS AND FEATURES --- BY CABLE AND MAIL FROM GERMAN PARTY ACCEPTS WORLD CONGRESS ACTS Evert Loses Fight on Party Majority (Wireless to the Daily Worker.) BERLIN, Nov. 6.—The German Communist Party yesterday held a national conference of Party work- ers in the rooms of the Prussian Diet, attended by 250 function- aries. The agenda was the deci- sions of the Sixth World Congress of the Communist International. , Thaelmann spoke on the political $nd inner Party situations, Lentz on the Communist International program, Heckert on trade union questions and Remmele on the col- onial question. Evert was a speak- er in the discussion. | | On his tour thruout the country William Z. Foster, Communist candidate for president, spoke to thousands of workers and was everywhere welcomed with the greatest enthu Workers Give Red Nominee Rousing Welcome! ® BRITISH CATER |TWOCOWMUNISTS TO PRINCES IN MAY BE ELECTED INDIA REFORMS IN BRAZIL POLL Simon Is Protected by| Workers and Peasants| Barbed Wire Bloe Strong LAHORE, India, Nov. — The} RIO DE JANEIRO, Nov. Simon Statutory Commission, ap-|The forthcoming elections to the pointed by the British government municipal council of Rio de Janeiro to form a compromise with the more | ‘of 4 we conservative groups in the India|™A@y Witness for the first time the/| legislature on the form of govern- | entrance of Communists into.a legis- ment, met with native princes of |lative body of Brazil. Rio de Janeiro | the India house of lords today. |—the capital of the country—is au- | The Hindu princes opposed any Ae reform which would’ continue com, |tonomously administered and policed | munal representation, and favored |by the municipal council, 6. eee Pheto shows | province |a strong centralized government, in| Octavio Brandao and Minervio de |which the a ae every | Oliveira, both members of the Com- e the UPP&r! munist Party (Bra ction of .q the Commitnist International) are | j hand. SP Latest Stunt to Tit Page Three ECIAL CORRESPONDENTS ilate Jaded Nerves TOLOCK QUT ALL "METAL WORKERS Labor Indignation High Against “Socialists” | (Wireless to the Daily Worker) ; Bip) |_ BERLIN, Nov. 6.—The committee 4 lof the National Union of German Bas Be : | s, the em Driving an automobile blindfolded is the latest stunt to keep the Marte aks stunt-weary interested. Jimmy Burns, professional auto-racer, hag |'0ckout of all German set out on a coast to coast trip with his eyes covered. Photo show: ers. The Soe him being blind-folded just before starting. from New York City. Hugenber ‘ANTI- BOLSHEVIK’ LAW STRICT IN COLOMBIA cel cartel to at the Ger- ing no relief from any ‘GERMAN BOSSES - | the points taken up was the Rhen- ish-Westphalian lockout. Thaelmann spoke on the results of the Sixth World Congress, and Ulbright on the inner Party situa- tion. Evert represented a minority and sought to justify his declinatory attitude toward the Political Bur- eau. A resolution was adopted ap- proving the decisions of the Comin- tern congress, Evert’s speech was practically a fighting platform against the ma- jority of the German Communist Party and against the Sixth Con- gress. The resolution approving the execution of the Congress de- cisions passed with 30 votes against nine, the latter coming from the right wing and the conciliating ele- “ments. 4 NEW FASCIST CABINETS LIKELY France, Latvia, Portu- gal Face Change LONDON, Nov. 6 (U.P).—The cab- inets of France, Latvia, and the Union of South Africa resigned to- day. The political situation in Ru- mania is still unsettled since no suc- cessor to the government of Premier Bratianu has yet been formed. Re- sports from Lisbon by way of Ma- drid stated today that the Portu- guese cabinet has split and is ex- pected to resign shortly. The most outstanding of these Political crises is the "hrench, in which the withdrawal of four min- isters resulted in the resignation of the government, for Premier Poin- care followed his previously an- nounced intention of resigning in the event one bloc of his national union cabinet resigned. Latvia’s cabinet resigned as a matter of mere routine, since each government resigns in Latvia when the Diet meets. The formal resignation of the Portuguese cabinet is expected after the new cabinet which Finance Minister Olivera Salzar is propos- ing has been approved. The resignation of the Herzog cabinet of the Union. of South Africa was accepted and Premier Hertzog immediately formed a new cabinet. Lithuanian and Polish Goy’t in Vilna Fight KOENIGSBERG, Germany, Nov. 6 (UP).—The conference between the Poles and the Lithuanians, who met here in an effort to solve the difficulties between the two coun- tries, has failed because of # con- tinued difference of viewpoint over the disposition. of the City of Vilna. PRESSERS GET INCREASE EAST ST. LOUIS, Ill, Nov. 6.— The cleaners, dyers and pressers of East St. Louis, Belleville and Gran- ite City have won a ten per cent wage increase. U. S. GUNS HOVERED OVER HONDURAS POLL The conservatives of Honduras, |at the same time. ‘ who came to power in 1924 through @ revolution with considerable blood- shed, were defeated at the elections which took place Oct. 28. The “liberal-republican” candi- date, Dr. Vicent Mejia Colindres; of the moderate faction of the liberal y, a former minister of public instruction in the government ever- thrown by the conservative revolu- tion, was elected president of the Yepublic! with a majority of more than 14,000 votes. About 100,000 votes were cast. Rafael Diaz Cha- vez, also liberal, was elected vice- president. The term is four years and begins Feb. 1, 1929. The elec- tion must first be confirmed by the congress, « General Tiburcio Carias, the presi- dent of the chamber of deputies, was the candidate of the conservative “national party.”, As the congress 46 members, half of this num- ber being alternately elected every 28 deputies were elected By “OUTPOST,” (Weekly Correspondent of the Brit- | ish Sunday Worker.) HE next war will be a chemists’ war: a war of poison gas. And even now I doubt if one person in ten thousand has even a hazy idea of what that means. It was the fear of a shortage of | nitrates, and so of an explosive fam- | ine, that drove the Germans in 1915 | to the first effective use of poison gas. Earlier experiments, from the | “stink pots” of the ancients and of | the Chinese down to the “turpinite” used by the French in hand grenades at the beginning of the war, had not keen very successful. Inspiring Thought! But to some ingenious German mind came the inspiring thought of eblorine gas. In April, 1915, the Germans launched their first gas attack on the western front; it was very suc- cessful; the French line broke. In} a gas attack on the eastern front | 4,000 cossacks and their horses were killed; on May 31, 1915, in another | attack on the Russians, 12,000 cylin- | ders of poison gas were used, 6,000 | men were killed and 2,100 more were severely gassed. Despite their loud denunciations ef this new method of warfare the allies copied it as rapidly as they could, and by 1918 the war, which had started as an engineers’ war, had been transformed largely into a chemists’ war. New methods of using poisons were introduced which enabled liquid and solid poisons to be used, although the term “poison gas” was retained. Life Impossible. The poison gas war assumed im- mense proportions, and in some of the battles of 1918 more poison gas than explosive shells were used. Towns were bombarded with persistent gases which rendered life in them impossible for days or, in fine weather, even for weeks, The use of gas was loudly and righteously denounced by the allies at Versailles. At the Washington Disarmament Conference in 1921 the “High Contracting Parties” signed a treaty prohibiting the use of chemical warfare. . Article 5 of the Treaty beads: The use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases, and all analogous liquids, materials, or devices, having been justly con- demned by the general opinion of the civilized world, and a prohibi- tion of such having been declared in treaties to which a majority of the civilized powers are parties, the signatory powers, to the end that this prohibition shall be uni- versally accepted as a part of in- ternational law, binding alike the conscience and practice of na- tions, declare their assent to such prohibition. Renounced, But Grows. Washington But that pious declaration has never been ratified, and all the sig- | natories have gone cheerfully on) It had been almost generally pre- dicted that the conservatives would be elected, because a large number of influential liberals are in exile and because three-fourths of all provincial governors were conserva- tives and supporters of General Carias. ‘ The election was conducted under the guns of two United States war- ships which shortly beforehand ar- rived in the Gulf of Honduras. Tools of Business. The conservatives were accused of being tools of the Cuyamel Fruit Company, which is pushing Hon- duras to war against Guatemala for a territory which the Cuyamel needs for easier and cheaper trans- portation of bananas, to enable them to compete against the United Fruit Company. As the liberals of Hon- dures ara exposed to the Cuyamrel, OF POISONOUS GAS |with experimental work directed to the production of even more deadly forms of mass poison. The British government has actually used chemical warfare since the world war, for although it never declared war on Russia, it used poison gas against the Soviet Republic during the inter- yention, in which a new poison gas known as “M” was tried. The chemical warfare experimen- tal stations at Porton and Sutton Oak, of the chemical warfare school, remained in being, and a large chemical warfare committee was set up. Year by year large sums were spent on preparations for chemical warfare, The universities were asked to “undertake research into the de- velopment to its utmost extent of chemical warfare for offensive and defensive purposes, under an cath of secrecy.” The ‘British government signed the Versailles treaty prohibiting chem‘cal warfare, and then fixed the estimates for Porton (the larg- est of their chemical warfare ex- perimental stations) for 1920-21 at £54,000. MacDonald, Too. After the signing of the Wash ington treaty the estimates forPor- ton for 1922-23 were increased to £87,000. After yet a third interna- tional treaty prohibiting chemical warfare had been signed at Geneva, the estimates for Porton were stil! further increased to not less than £132,000 for 1925-26. The labor government in 1924 increased the estimate for Porton to £115,000 for 1924-25, Out of the competition between the capitalists controlling the chem- ical industries have been forged vari- ous groups struggling at present for the world market, and destined in future to serve as vast arsenals, cre- ating munitions for the next world war. The chief groups are the Eu- ropean Chemical Trust, in which the German Trust is the leading mem- and the American Trust (recently reported to have combined with the German). In addition government depart- ments for scientific research are maintained. The British example is the department of scientific and in- dustrial research, During the war, at the sugges- tion of Arthur Henderson (Brit- ish laborite), the D. S. I. R. soon became closely linked to the fight- ing services, and the links were not broken after the war. The D. S. I. R. is playing a very important role in the preparations for the next war. One result of this research is that although only about thirty poison gases were used success- fully in the world war, a League of Nations’ committee assures us that there are now over 1,000 gases known. Just as the industries which pro- duce the basic materials of high ex- plosives (acetone, sulphate of am- nionia, glycerine, ete.) are being de- veloped on an enormous scale, far exceeding normal peace-time re- quirements, so the industries which will provide the war supplies of ras ere receiving very special attention from the governments. Dyestuff factories in particular can produce both explosives and poison gases, and these most im- portant potential arsenals have een expanded to such an extent that the world’s dyestuff plant is enly working to one-third of its canacity. Despite this, new fac- tories are being built. Tons of Deadly Poison. Armies, fleets‘ and aircrafts will all be equipped for big-seale gas warfare. Gas shells from guns, gas bombs from airplanes, and the even deadlier device of laying great clouds of poison gas somewhat as smoke screens wer laid in the last war. All these weapons will be used, and used relentlessly, not only against combatant forces, but against the civilian population of every city which is within gun range er airplone radius of the enemy. Nor will it only be a question of it is prebable that they were sup- ported by the United Fruit Com- pany. ois, Urief or localized “gas attacks.” “Continul’y snd estens! ve ‘the mottoes of the pew school of gas w b rule, since, as the past has proven, Pects of being elg¢ted. that was the best means of pro-| The Brazilian Communist Party tecting the provincial governments lis illegal, in the sense that it is not against the peasantry. jallowed to carry on propaganda of- The lower house of the legislature |ficially under the name ’ © i was not represented, since it had|Party,” nor to nominaie decided ‘to boycott the Simon com-|Communist candidates or to publish mission, and not to cooperate with |newspafers openly declared as Com- it in agy form, munist. This is the result of the ies eet tice Wek strongly | anti-Communist laws, promulgated protected by police and barbed wire |# Year ago. Nevertheless a few entanglements to ward off a pos-|Weekly newspapers are published sible mass demonstration of protest. |U"¢er Communist: editorship, as or- The tour of Sir Simon was marked 24"8 of various trade unions. For by such demonstrations, despite po- this reason this Workers’ and Peas- lice attacks on the demonstrators | *8ts” Bloc was created by the Com- and the order of the British govern- ™unist Party in order to have a |ment that no mass protest parades |!¢gal expression and the possibility oe mnectings bs “allowed! |to nominate candidates. At the last | congressional < i 4 mM. The Moslem deputation insisted | bs Gees? ge — iH Central Committee Plenum. him with a group of workers in one of the cities in which he spoke. |on the continuation of the clectorate |candidates of thé “Bloque” Operario| ‘The “law of social defense” sub- . A few days previous, on Novem- - a jas a means of insuring its own in-'e Campone” (Workers and Peasants | mitted to the Colombian “parliament COOLIDGE LIKES «! ber 2, the Central Committee of the terests as opposed to the Hindu up-|Bloc) to the Municipal Council of |several months ago for the purpose German, Communist Party held a THOUSAND KINDS per class. Both delegations did not! pi, ge Janeiro and hav 1 pros-|0f Perpetuating the conservative plenary ‘session at Berlin. One of oppose the continuation of British | 6 eanelro and pave good pros: | jarty in power against th jing influence of the lib and the labor movement, cepted on October 30 by the sénate, approved by the pr nt, and en- ters in force immediately. Th law, generally referred to as | the “anti-bolshevik law” was the cause of sharp debates and even violence in- the Colombian. parlia- ment where the liberal deputies |tried to prevent its passage. | There were many protest strikes |thruout the whole country in’ which thé Communists, socialists and janarchists were supported by the \liberal press. A few slight modifi- ‘cations were finally. obtained by the | liberals. | The law, as finally enacted, for- | bids the establishment of any socie- |ties “which like bolshevism and| |Communism, spread ideas against the state, encourage attempts | against the constitutional organiza- |tion or outrages against the catho- |lie religion and tend to relax dis- \cipline within the army or police or |to the destroy the home.” “Socie- ties attempting to organize strikes outside the law” are included in this law. | Newspapers which receive “sub-| sidies from abroad” will be prohi-, bited and the editor jailed, All news- | papers will have to deposit a large | bond which is forfeited in case of infraction of the law. On the day of the promulgation of the-law the port workers of Gira- dot, one of the principal ports on the Magdalena river, won all their demands for a considerable increase NICARAGUA VOTE Farce Is “Agreeable” and “Successful” WASHINGTO. Nov. 6.—Presi- dent Coolidge looks upon the recent Nicaraguan “election,” supervised | by American marines, as_particu-! larly successful and agreeable to the United States, according to an interview given out by him today. IA Coolidge’s opinion, the election cledrly demonstrated that the Wall St. government followed the proper course of action in pacifying the country with the aid of 7,000 mar- ines and 20 bombing planes. government, which no unémployed benefit, encour- the employers’ to intensify their attack. The employers demand and are ing amateur technical aid from the strikebreaking “OMS,” or Order for Maintenance of Supplies. The mines are working part time. The trade union bureaucrats have or- dered the workers to “keep quiet” but many demonstrations called by the Communist Party and the revo- lutienary trade union opposition ap- prove the militant policies advocated by the left wing. socialist MAYAGUA, Nicaragua, Nov. 6.| Fascist Cabinet in Nicaragua, today praised the “or- In an interview withthe United] MADRID, Nov. 6 {U.P).—The Por- 25,000 majority. The unprecedent-|4ay, according to reliable advices honor upon the American people for|and three other members of the jeral McCoy as a supervisor.” military leaders to intervene and erable damage was done by a vio- the: Droppsed” members, HAUS Taam Pimenta and one a_ sympathizer, PARAGUAY FAILS aa |Block while Pimenta received a con- the same district in which Lima The arrest of Eduardo Schaerer, cist dictatorship in Paraguay, head- “liberal opposition” against the “left” wing of the liberals at pres- elections in Febru- Azevedo Lima. Lima was elected jsiderable number of votes without, was elected. a former “liberal” president of} ed by Schaerer, owner and editor present liberal government. Schaerer ent in power, whose leader was ary 1927 the same “Workers and on the program and the ticket of Attempt to Seize Gov’t however, being elected. At present Paraguay, appears to have “= FASCIST CABINET of the “independent liberal” daily, represents the most reactionary wing |Gondra, one-time president of the} - |Peasants Bloc” nominated two can- FASCIST COUP IN (Posse one party member J. C. the Communist Workers and\Peasant by Force two Communists are candidates in trated an attempt to establish a fas- | “La Tribuna” and. leader of the LOOMS IN FRANCE of the “liberals,” opposed to the | republic, According to the police during a/ night when 150 ‘generals and other officers, loyal to the present govern- ment, were entertained at a ban- quet given to the retiring president, | several army fliers assisted by | }part of the troops were to attack) the banquet and take possession of | “Radicals” Clear Way for Poincare PARIS, Nov. 6.—France is now | faced with the probable alternative of a still stronger and more openly | reactionary cabinet due to the resig- nation of the present union cabinet under premier Poincare. The government crisis w brought about by the resignation to- | day of the four “radical socialist” ministers, Albert Sarraut, minister | ak Re, Traitor Bows. —General Jose Moncado, who has| = been put into office as president of| Portugal Splits as derliness” of yesterday's “election,” Military Intervenes in which he was returned a Stor Press Moncado said: ‘tuguese cabinet has split and prob- “We have won the election by a| bly will resign today or Wednes- ed fairness, orderliness and effi-| ftom Lisbon. ciency of the elections reflect Breat | Finance Minister, Olivera Salzar, jtheir strict gompliance with the | cabinet are understood to have been Stimson pact and for sending Gen-| involved in a dispute which caused os force their resignations. Salzar is ATHENS, Nov. 6 (UP).—Consid-| Preparing a new cabinet and when | of wages, after a strike which lent tempest which swept Piraeus | lasted for several weeks. during last night, approved, the resignation of the present government will be an- ‘nounced officially, it is said. the government. The plot was dis-|of interior; Edouard of agriculture, | Franco-Italian Fight in Mediterranean Is Sharpened by Albania AMERICA PREPARES THE NEXT WAR long article from its Tirana, Al- that the present Italian influence on Albanian foreign policy was being BELGRADE, Jugoslavia, Nov. 6.| | —The “Bagreb Novosti” published a bania, correspondent today stating | ber; Imperial Chemical Industries, | |covered and the aviators arrested. Schaerer was arrested under the accusation that he was the instiga- tor of the plot. Schaerer has no| support among the middle classes | or the workers, Only a part of the army, the higher bourgeoisie and! a part of the landowners would have supported him in a coalition with |the conservatives, who have less| than one-fourth of the seats in parli-! ament, which is dominated by the Gondra faction. In addition to the political accu- sation against Schaerer the govern- ment has also brought forward ac- cusations of corruption and embez- zlement in office, in order to dis-| credit him politically for the future. Worker Is Pinned Under Huge Rock in Subway Cave-in Augustus Sigouh, a subway la- replaced by Franco-British of | ence. and Leon minister colonies. The general opinion today was ening of the Franco-Italian conflict that premier Poincare would form | on the Mediterranean is to be looked his own cabinet without them and | for, it is generally believed. would be able to retain a sufficient} Standje Mihailovitc Jugoslav majority in the chamber of deputies Perrier, nationalistic program into effect. |lishing normal relations between party on Sunday at Angers had de- | firming the growth of the Franco- cided to form the old opposition bloc| British influence in the Mediterran- again in the chamber with the sup- | ean. port of the socialists, and this pre-| |cipitated the resignation of the} Crane, Philosopher of ministers. The immediate causes for the crisis were the dispute over the religious laws, proposed by Poincare, allowing more freedom to jesuitical orders, and the conflict between the premier and the finance committee of the chamber over the budget. After the resignation of the ca- inet, parliament convened after its summer recess. The chamber of deputies immediately declined the Pap, Dies in France | MADEN, MASS., Nov. 6.—Dr. Frank Crane, syndicate writer and | columnist, is dead at Nice, France, laccording to word received here to- day by Mrs. Henry H. Crane, his niece by marriage. “ Irritable borer, was pinned under a huge boulder early yesterday morning in| a cave-in 30 feet below Broad St.,| where the Nassau St. I. R. T. sub- way loop is being built. Sigouh’s right leg was caught under the boulder, which weighed | several tons and slid from the dirt wall under Stone and Broad Sts. Screaming for help, the worker finally fainted. ~Fellow-workers tried to move the rock, but in vain More than 50 men of the police and fire rescue squads also grappled with the stone monster, using hydraulic jacks, but could get no grip on its uneven surface. The boulder was finally moved by means of a portable derrick and the pinned worker was released. He Communist motion that it await the formation of a new cabinet before ccnsidering the question of whether the Alsatian autonomist deputies, | Ricklin and Resse, are eligible to sit | in the chamber. Well, informed opinion expects | ‘that Poincare will soon form an-} other cabinet, which, it is believed, will be strongly fascist in character. Bladder Catarrh Soon cleared lup by genuine Santal Midy Effective-Harmless Sold by All Drussists I ata oie alia aie aie el EET Fe iain aie siete was rushed ‘to the hospital, where he was reported suffering from fracr tures of the right foot and leg. warfare. And as gas masks only protect for a few hours, fail to pro- tect if the concentration of gas is too high, “the higher concentrations ever more extended areas” men- tioned by the British war office, the “continuity of use” referred to by en American poison chief will make masks of little use. * It has been calculated that 200 tons of phosgene would kill the whe Ne population of Lon?er. | “Gases ore now known forly iime jas powerful as phosgena, a JANUARY 5, 1929 WILL BE FIVE YEARS OF THE COMING OUT OF THE DAILY WORKER CITIES ARE URGED TO BEGIN MAKING ARRANGE- MENTS FOR CELEBRATIONS NOW. influ- Should this be the case, a sharp-| ambassador to Albania, will depart | to put his extensive armament and/soon for Tirana, thus fully estab- | The conference of the radical|the two governments, again con- | by JAY LOVESTONE THE UNITED STATES IS PREPARING FOR ANOTHER WAR. WHY? —The role of American Imperialism —United States vs. Great Britain —The Significance of Peace Pacts —The Rolexof Reformism | —The Role of the Communist Party This pamphlet should be in the hands of every worker interested in a clear analysis of America today and the attitude of the Workers (Com- munist) Party toward the coming war. 10 cents WORKERS LIBRARY PUBLISHERS East 125th Street ,, New York City 43 The TROTSKY OPPOSITION Its Significance for American Workers BY * BERTRAM D, WOLFE T ‘HIS BOOKLET discusses every phase of ‘Trotskyism: its historical roots, its theoretical basis, its international manifestations, etc. A LARGE SECTION of this pamphlet is devoted te an analysis of Trotskyism in America from “the Gossip of Eastman” to “Trotskyism as a Jewish Issue.” 35 CENTS PER COPY a en es WORKERS LIBRARY PUBLISHERS 35 East 1251H S1REEr. New Yore Crry, } \ 4