The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 27, 1928, Page 1

TO HOLD 3 DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST KELLOGG PACT TODAY Daily Worke Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at New York. N. ¥., under the act of March 3, 1878, NEW YORK, MONDAY, THE DAILY WORKER FIGHTS TO ORGANIZE THE UNORGANIZED FOR THE 40-HOUR WEFK FINAL CITY EDITION FOR A LABOR PARTY | FOR A WORKERS’ AND FARMERS’ " GOVERNMENT AUGUST 27, 1928 SUBSCRIPTION as RATES: Im New York, by New Yerk, Published daly except sun Publishing Association, |, $8.00 per ye manil, $6.00 per year. — — a ‘Vol. V., No. 203. Price 3 Cente OVIET INDUSTRY 81% SOCIALIZED, REPORT REVEALS HEDLEY DODGES; Taxi Drivers’ a “Bringing Up the Dead From New York’s Latest Interborough Crash BLAME. WorxER Union Formed: 18N Kellogg Imperialist War Pact Against USSR at Paris Today Accident to Get plied with by the bosses, has been Can C announced by the Union Organiza-| ANTI-USSR BLOC. es World Congress of Commungst International : Assail Abuses SFE TREATY AS | IN I, R T WRECK The organization of a Taxi Chauf- | REAL WAGES FAR ABOVE | ody | the tea tare te soeases © NEW MOVE FOR Interborough to Use| th tom cresnietion naman | - ; | 2 tion Committee of the new union. | Company Whitewashed union Charles Kroll, secretary of the organization, declared that the dri- A The sixteenth Times vers were determined that the time| Will Attend ; Square subway wreck victim | had come to put an end to the abuses | Confab | died in Bellevue Hospital to- | | | by fleet owners and corporations. /| With the the local Federation of Trades. day and five of the other 110 | injured were in a critical con- dition as three official in- | vestigations into Manhat- tan’s worst underground traffic accident continued to make reports to the district attorney’s office. * * * total of deaths as a re-| sult of the I. R. T. disaster on Fri- day mounting to 15, elaborate man- | euvers have been begun by the Tam- many! city officials seeking to white- | wash the Interborough of criminal! A similar statement has been is- sued by the Organization Com- mittee. Abuses on the part of bosses and foremen in the taxicab garages, be- ing compelled to drive cars in bad condition, often with faulty brakes, | and police control of the Hack Li- zense Bureau are among the abuses ment. In reference to the latter abuse, the announcement points to the dis- crimination to which it leads in the streets and courts. Hackmen are frequently compelled | | PARIS, Aug. 26.—Last minute arrangements for the pageant |which the French government will attempt to make of the signing of the multilateral “peace” treaty here | cited by the committee in its state-|tomorrow were being hurried thru | tonight. | The American secretary of state, | Kellogg, spent the day in a round |of ceremonial visits and has ex- pressed himiself as gratified. It is understood that he at first suffered responsibility for the accident and|‘® Stand two trials once in court | from grave fears that the French to shift the blame on the under-|8"d again before the Hack Bureau, | workers would harry him with de- manned, miserably underpaid and. tho this is contrary to the American | monstrations. overworked staff of the company. | The victim selected is William S.| Baldwin, I. R. T. maintenance fore-| The chief tactician of Tam-| the Interborough and its officials is| District Attorney Banton, who has) placed the blame on Baldwin. Ac- tively co-operating with the District Attorney is the Tammany-controlled ing an “investigation” into the accident. . Saturday afternoon it is-| sued its first report in which, with out directly blaming Baldwin, it at- tributes the accident to “man fail- ure.” No word is said of the Inter- borough’s responsibility. The Transit Commission’s “inves- tigation,” as well as the district attorney’s quick action in white- washing the company and blaming the worker are also seen as maneuv- ers intended to permit the Interbor- ough to evade financial liability for the accident, thus defrauding vic-| tims and their eelatives of any dam-| ages they might succeed in wringing from the I. R. T. i MAT WOLL IN FUR UNION $0 § CALL Howls in Horror Over, New Fur Union In a final despairing gesture, | Matthew Woll, chairman of the} American Federation of Labor com- | mittee in charge of the fight against the left wing and Communists in the needle trades unions, issued an appeal to all unions of the A. F. of L. to assist him in his fight against | the left wing, which is fast regain- ing control of that industry. | Frantic at the spectacle presented | by the almost completely annihilated | A. F. of L. International Fur Work- Continued on Page Two | YOUNG WORKER — JAILED 9 TIMES: (Special to the Daily Worker) -| KENOSHA, Wis., Aug. 26.—For the ninth time in the last two months, Samuel) A. Herman, a, member of the Young Workers (Communist) League, has been ar- rested by the boss-controlled police force of Kenosha. Herman was speaking at an open-air meeting arranged by the Young Workers (Communist) League in front of the Nash Motor Company here during the noon hour. A crowd of over 400 workers were listening attentively as the league speaker exposed the repub- Jican, democratic and socialist par- ties as organizations opposed to the interests of the working class: The speaker was in the midst of an appeal to the workers present, urging them to support the candi- dates of the Workers (Communist) Continued on Page Three ATLANTA, Ga., Aug. 26.—Teach- ers in Fulton county schools secured a pay raise through the activity of ¢ and the co. Constitution. Members of the Committee of the union declare that enthusiasm for the new union is in direct proportion to the resentment of the chauffeurs for the abuses which they have been forced to suf- fer in the past. Widespread sympathy is reported believes that the INDIA TACTICS ARE DISCUSSED Kussinen Speaks at Red Congress (Wireless to the Daily Worker.) MOSCOW, U. S. S. R., Aug. 24.— At the fortieth session of the Sixth World Congress of the Communist International, which was devoted to the closing of the debate on the colonial question, Kussinen took up the criticism of the theses presented by Bukharin, point by point, con- centrating his remarks especially on the criticisms made by the Brit- ish delegation. “I will deal first with the criticism of the theses,” he declared. “I my- self pointed to the insufficient treat- ment in the theses of the role of |the colonial peasantry, but Heller’s statement that this question is not treated at all is incorrect. The main idea of the theses is the independent role of the proletariat in the colonial reyolution, The theses gave us the chief task of the Communist Parties in the colonies, independent political trade union organization of the pro- letariat. “Losovsky’s reproach that’the dic- tatorship of the proletariat and pea- santry is not sufficiently treated is unjustified,” Kussinen continued. To the theory .of decolonization and industrialization, the speaker devoted most of his remaining re- marks. The theses assumes a cer- tain fostering of industrial develop- ment by imperialism in the colonies, for the capitalist exploitation of the colonies is not only robbery, but also a capitalist exploitation which is impossible without a certain de- velopment of production. capital is partly a by-product of imperialism, partly a by-product of the development of production. However, imperialism’ prevents greater development of colonial pro- ductive forces. “Bennet says,” continued Kus- Continued on Page Five Organization Native | | No’ further progress is reported jon the question of a discussion of | the “peace” treaty by a represen- | | tative of the Soviet Union. | Receipt of a communication from the Spanish government has also| been announced. The Spanish com- | munication states that the govern- ment regrets its omission from the | | morrow. ee ee | | | PARIS, Aug. 26.—On the eve of | (the signing” of the Kellogg multi- | lateral peace treaty here, rumors | Continued on Page Five MEETS TOHT ~— KELLOGEPAGT ‘3 Demonstrations New York Today | The signing of the Kellogg peace jpact in Paris today against the |background of extensive military |maneuvers and “sham” warfare now, (carried on by the imperialist powers |of Europe will be the occasion for |three demonstrations to be staged |today by the New York branch of All-American Anti-I[mperialist| |League, according to a statement issued by this organization at its | headquarters, Room 536, 799 Broad- way. These demonstrations will take place at Wall St. and Nassau St. at) |noon; at Union Square, 5 p.m., and Columbus Circle at 8 p.m. | “As an instrument for outlawing war the Kellogg pact is both in in- tent and content but an empty ges- ture,” the statement continued. It) is, however, an act of the most far-| reaching significance since it is a maneuver on the part of the powers of the United States for preferred) position in the realignment of the imperialist powers of the world in, preparation for the next war.” | The tremendous increase in ap-) |propriations for military operations | }as well as the exclusion of the Soviet Union from the ranks of sig- inatories of this treaty, belied the |intention of its offer from making it an instrument for a warless world. The Anti-Imperialist League, un-) |der whose auspices the Wall street) Independence Day demonstration in) | front of the offices of J. P. Morgan & Co. was staged, is planning any intensive campaign to expose the, efforts of the imperialist powers to} create a smoke screen for the prep- arations of the next war. in CANCER KILLS W ORKERS Highest Death Rate Among Workers Continued investigation of the role which smoke and gas fumes play in connection with cancer, has brought to light the fact that workers living in the slums and workers employed in factories where light and heating facilities are deficient, make up, by far, the greatest number of deaths as a re- sult of the fatal disease. Workers employed in. mines, in smelting fac- \tories, at dockyards, railroad yards, and in open-air work in the midst of great industrial centers like Pittsburgh, are affected by the dis- ease much more rapidly and seri- ously than those employed in other and lighter activities. 4 Although the statistics for many eats back had shown that the) \death rate from cancer was high- fest among the workers and poor people living in the slums, no ac- ‘ontinued om Page Three War Maneuver Is Seen |f of the multilaseuel pact to. The number of dead in the tragic subway disaster at Times Square, New York City, last Friday night has not yet been exactly ascertained. The number of victims mangled beyond recognition is huge and much time must be spent putting into some semblance of once living persons the parts of bodies which were found dozens of feet from the pillar w hick the crowded train leaped the rails. Above, one of the earliest removals at 41st St. and 7th Avenue. THE U.S. S.R. AND THE KELLOGG PACT Declaration of Foreign Commissar Tchicherin to the Press George Chicherin, People’s Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the Union of Socialist Soviet Re- publics, recently made the following statement to the press: * The so-called Kellogg Pact, or more correctly said the reciprocal agreement on the outlawing of war a’ a weapon of national policy has pre the centre of general attention since December last. During this period there has taken place a lively exchange of opinion between the Powers regarding the drawing up of this pact; nevertheless they did not think of inviting the Soviet Union, to take part in these discussions. Obviously the govern- ments conducting and taking part in these nego- tiations must have in mind the question of invit- ing the Soviet Union to participate, and from their standpoint they have adequate reasons for re- fraining from doing so. This circumstance can only serve to emphasize the real object of the conclusion of the so-called Kellogg Pact. Weapon Against U. S. S. R. The exclusion of the Soviet government from these negotiations leads us in the first place to the assumption that, among the real objects of {he injtiators of this pact there obviously was and is the endeavor to make of this pact a weapon for isloating and fighting against the Soviet Union. The negotiations regarding the conclusion of the Kellogg pact are obviously an integral part of the policy of encircling the Soviet Union which at this moment occupies the central point of the interna- tional relations of the whole world. I would remind you that our delegate Comrade Litvinov, on his return from the December meeting of the Pre- paratory Commission on Disarmament, gave in his report a short analysis of the Kellogg pro- posals regarding the conclusions of a pact and ably showed that the “outlawing of war as a weapon of national policy” is synonymous with preparing war as a weapon of international coun- ter-revolution. The real purpose of the Kellogg Pact is shown yet more plainly by the French reservations sub- mitted to the American government in the Note of June 23, when sending the second editing of the Pact to the initiatory Powers. The American gov- ernment had pointed out that the second editing ° had the object of giving expression to the French demands. In its reply to this Note the French government emphasized in a still more undisguised manner that the Kellogg Pact aimed at protecting the international relations whieh are laid down in treaties, which idea was also expressed, although in a less outspoken form, by the American yov- ernment when sending the second editing of the Pact. The French government sets up war aimed at the carrying out of national policy, against war which is to perpetuate the existing relations, laid down in treaties, of the interested nations. Accord- ing to the view of the French government, in the first case the government in question acts of itself, independently of the existing relations to other states. The second case would mean that states would conduct a war to secure the existing rela- tions laid down in treaties. For this very reason the treaties France has with Poland and Rumania belong to the totality of the general system of present day treaty relations, so that a war arising out of these treaties would not be a war as a weapon of national policy, but a war to perpetuate the existing peaceful and friendly relations be- tween the signatories of the Pact. War Against Soviet Union. When the American government, when sending the second editing of the Kellogg pact to the initiatory powers on June 23, pointed out that this sepond editing realized the French demands, it was not attempting to deceive. The Pact actually states that the states participating in ghe agree- ment renounce war as a national polig’ An order to perpetuate the existing peaceful and friendly relations between their peoples. In its accpmpany- ing Note of June 23, the American go\yrnment de- clares in detail that the Statute of the League of Nations, as also the Locarno agreer»ent and the x * ei . agreements between France and a number of ywers are included in. the relations mentioned in the Kellogg Pact. ‘This cléarly shows that the Kellogg pact is an integral part of the war pre- parations against the Soviet Union. The same also applies to the English reserva- tions, according to which the defense of a number of areas in various parts of the earth is necessary in order to secure the British empire, and for which reason Great Britain joins in the Kellogg Pact only on condition that this fact is expressly stated and that it retains freedom of action regarding the defense of these areas. In its Note of June 23, the American govern- ment refers to the answers of the English and the French governments, and points out that none of the reservations made by the one or the other government contradicts the second editing of the Pact. The American government, moreover, asserts that the Pact fully secures the lawful interests of all parties participating in it. The American gov- ernment goes still farther and declares that any nation, at any moment, regardless of the provisions of the treaties, has the right to decide whether circumstances call for it to resort to war as a means of lawful defense, and that the whole world will applaud when the nation in question fights for a good cause. None of the initiatory powers of the Pact has raised any objection to this clear formulation of the sense of this Pact. None of these Powers has opposed it. In my opinion it must be clear to everybody that the point of this whole diplomatic action of the leading world Powers is directed against the Soviet Union. Soviet Union Excluded. Recently some new facts in international fela- tions have come to be added to the Kellogg Pact. : A considerable portion of the German press is con- ducting a campaign for the inclusion of the Soviet Union in the Pact. Some English Liberal news- papers, as the “Daily News” and some French Left papers, as well as a part of the American press, have begun to speak in the same tone, That part of public opinion finding expression in these news- papers has raised the question whether it is not possible for the Soviet Union to participate in the Kellogg Pact and whether the Soviet Union has been invited to participate. I must reply to this question by declaring that it is not yet too late for this. The Pact has not yet been signed. Negotiations regarding its content can still take place with the. Soviet Union. Al- though the so-called original signatories of the Pact have already come to an agreement among themselves, they would have full poss , if they wished to make the Pact something else than a weapon in the preparation of war against the Sov- iet Union, to enter into negotiations with the Soviet government. Their inelination or disinclination to conduct negotiations with the Soviet government on this question will serve to prove what their actual aim is—peace or the preparation for war. I can declare that our government is prepared to take part in these negojations. The issue will depend upon the content of these negotiations. But the Soviet government is of the opinion that the possibility of it, too, signing the Kellogg Pact is not excluded. Up to the present our government has not re- ceived an invitation to take part in these ‘negotia- tions nor the text of the agreementvitself, nor even the proposals and reservations to the’ project made by the other Powers. Only if we are served with the official Notes can we take part»in these nego- tiations and in the event of favorable conditions, also sign the Pact. q Soviet Union’s Anti-War Policy. It is one of the fundamental aims of the Soviet Union to put an end to war. Our government di- rects its whole policy towards abolishing the possi- bility of any war. Whatever the re ive results na Continued on Page & Also Poi |the economic condition in the publics has clearly proved the COLLECTIONS TO BE CONTINUED ANOTHER WEEK Police Threats Fail to Halt the Plans of Communist. Drive Because she demanded the return of the Workers Party campaign fund collection box full of eoins which the police had confiscated, Jennie Kliedman had her suspended sentence recalled and was or- dered held for trial today by Magistrate Flood in West Side Court. * * . Continuing the threats of the De- partment of Public Welfare against workers collecting for the Red Election Campaign Fund, James W. Kelly, deputy commissioner of the department, has issued a statement “explaining” the action of Commis- sioner Bird S. Coler, who previously had denounced the drive and incited the police to take a hand. Simultaneously the Workers (Communist) Party has announced that despite police persecution the drive would be continued through- out the week of August 27. It was originally scheduled to be held only from Aug. 20 to 25. In a statement issued last night explaining this move, John J. Ballam, acting dis- | trict organizer, declares: |. “The returns thus far from col- \lectors who have gone out among the workers in behalf of the Red Election Campaign Fund indicates that there is a tremendously favor- able sentiment for our party at this time. This favorable sentiment must be tapped and utilized to the fullest extent. Difficulties. “Certain objective difficulties have arisen, which have prevented us |from capitalizing sufficiently in the Red Week arranged for August 20 to 25. The postponement of the Sacco-Vanzetti demonstration has Continued on Page Two FIGHTS TO FREE JAILED HUSBAND (eS 9" LE, Wash., Aug. 26.—Dur- ( ho visit here of Mrs. Eugene ; + wife of Eugene Barnett, the leading Centralia I. W. ‘yw: prwoners now confined in Walla |Walla, Washington, penitentiary, who came at the invitation of the International Labor Defense and the Centralia Liberation Committee, |many meetings of labor organiza- tions were arranged at whieh Mrs. |Barnett and her young son, Clif- |ford, spoke, urging support to the campaign now being conducted for the release of the eight men. Ce HEN Mrs. Barnett visited the hall of the I. W. W. to speak there, and thank the members for their past support to the campaign, _ i Continued cn Page Phree Hears Varga’s Report Rapidly: Improving Conditions of Peasantry Is nted Out MOSCOW, Aug. 26.—“With reql wages in the Soviet Union 134 per cent of the pre-war level, with all industries ex- |cept the iron and steel long past the pre-war level, and agri- | culture developing more quickly than in all capital st countries, Union of Socialist Soviet Re- socialist system far superior to *that of capitalism.” This, and the fact that in- dustry in the Soviet Union is |81 per cent socialized, was re- vealed in a statement by E. | Varga in a report to the forty- | first session of the World Con- gress of the Communist Inter- national, now in progress in Moscow. Other highlights of the report show the Soviet state and cooperatives now control 81 per cent of industry in, the U., S. S.R.; that the kulaks, or rich peasantry, control only 12 per | cent of the harvest and represent no real danger to the poor peasants, and that the five-year plan provides for a 14 per cent increase in pro- duction; an increase in agriculture of from 30 to 40 per cent, and an increase of fifty per cent in real wages. The text of Varga’s report | follows: The economic situation in the So- | Viet Union and the existence of the | U. S. S. R, has proven the existence of capitalism unnecessary. Indus- try, with the exception of iron and steel is long past the pre-war level. Since 1921 agriculture has been de- veloping faster than elsewhere, as also industry. Better Standards. The capitalist states took great loans in order to carry out recon- struction, but the Soviet Union managed practically from its own forces. The U. S. S.’R. accumulated, not including the peasantry, thirteen milliards of gold roubles. The stan- {dard of the life of the toilers has considerably increased. The yearly population increase totals three millions. Mortality is |rapidly decreasing, Cholera has been wiped out, typhus and tuber- |culosis greatly diminished. There is a tremendous cultural develop- ment on the part of the former op- pressed nationalities. Soviet Union industry is divided into socialist and private. The for- |mer is growing much quicker than the latter. The socialist share of the industry |is eighty-one per cent. The co- operatives are growing rapidly. Pro- duction and the means of prodnetion are growing more rapidly than is normal in industry. Real wages are 134 per cent of the pre-war | level. The situation of the peasantry is considerably improved. The capi- talist contention that the workers are living at the expense of the peasants is a lie. The Kulaks con- trol only twelve per cent of the har- vest and represent no serious danger. The poor peasant is the ally of the proletariat, the middle peasant hesitant. The Kulak is hostile, but without the middle pea- sant not a powerful factor. Despite the plan of economy difficulties | exist. There is an essential differ- |ence between the U. S. S. R. crises }and capitalist crises. The richer jeapitalism is, the more crises, the richer the U. S. S. R., the fewer crises. Capitalist unemployment is caused |by a superfluity of means of pro- Continued on Page Three DENGUE EPIDEMIC | ATHENS, Greece, Aug. 26 (UP), —The. epidemic of dengue which has - taken a large toll of lives in Greece recently, continued unabated last week and the heat wave today gave |Mo indication of relief. }