The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 20, 1928, Page 1

FOR A LABOR PART GOVERNMENT THE DAILY WORKER FIGHTS TO ORGANIZE THE UNORGANIZED FOR THE 40-HOUR WEEK y, FOR A WORKERS’ AND FARMERS’ Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office ut New York, N. Y., under the act of MBorker | March 3, 1879. . 3 ba ae F INAL CITY | EDITION Vol. V. No. 171. Published daily except Sunday by The National Daily Worker Publishing Association, Inc., 26- 28 Union Sq., New York, N. ¥. NEW YORK. FRIDAY, JULY 20, 1928 SUBSCRIPTION RATES: 1 Outside New York, by mail, $6.00 per year. In New York, by mall, $8.00 per year. Price 3 Cents By PAUL CROUCH. ‘(Special foThe DAILY WORKER) FORT ADAMS, R, I., July 19.— John Porter, arrested a month ego and turned over to the military au- thorities, following his New Bed- ford strike activities and leadership in the Young Workers (Commu- nist) League, was sentenced by gen- eral. court-martial yesterday to two and a half years imprisonment at hard labor and “dishonorable” dis- charge from the army, on a tech- nical charge of desertion. Exposed Role of Army. The sentence followed Porter’s ex- ure of the role of the army and is declaration that he would not be used against his own class. He took the stand, in spite of the knowledge of the consequences, and made one of the most militant chal- lenges of capitalist militarism ever known in the history of court- martials. Saved from Life Sentence. The fact that Porter received a sentence of two and a half years instead of life imprisonment was due to the big protest already be- political significance of the case. ties, and their efforts to avoid the political signifeance of the case. Plans for trying Porter under the 96th Article of War for leadership in the strike and membership in the Young Workers (Communist) League had been abandoned after the beginning of mass protest ar- ganized by the International Labor Defense, the Young Workers League and other organizations. Porter was finally charged with “desertion” from the army and tl officers tried the reasons for his arrest in New t Bedford and the causes which led Porter to desert the army last year when he had almost completed his enlistment. Tried: to Weaken Position. At the “investigation,” Porter made @ written statement in which he told of his activities against the bosses in the New Bedford strike, and declared that the authorities had known that he was a deserter for a long time, but arrested him only because of his participation in the struggles of the workers. The authorities tried to weaken his stand and persuade him to accept freedom or a short sentence on condition that he make a sentimental plea and Jeave the political issues out. The trial was scheduled for July 17, but when Isaac Shoor, attorney retained by the International Labor Defense, arrived he found that most of the members of the court-martial were out of the post. Apparently, it was their intention to call the, court-martial later without Shorr’s presence and take care of the situ- ation in their own way. Shorr JOHN PORTER IS GIVEN 2: YEARS | HARD LABOR Young Strike Leader Tells Court-Martial He Would Not Be Tool of Capitalists Gets: Maximum on “Desertion” Charge After . Officers Try to Avoid Political Issues \Fascists Deserted Son The mother of Dr. Finn Malm. gren, Swedish meteorologist, above, shown reading the last message from her son who was deserted and left to die on the ice by Zappi and Mariano, two survivors -of the fascist Nobile expedition. MUSSOLINI GAGS ITALIA SURVIVORS Krassin Brings Seven Men Into Port KINGS BAY, Spitzbergen, July 19 (UP).—Seven survivors of the dirigible Italia disaster arrived here the Krassin, nearly two months after their departure in the airship May 25 for a flight over the North Pole. All were relatively well except Captain Adalberto Mariano, whose | frozen leg had been amputated on |shipboard during the night. Doctor Goes Aboard. The relief ship Braganza met the Krassin at sea yesterday and put aboard the ship doctor of the Citta di Milano, the Italia’s base ship. The doctor found Mariano in a critical condition. Gangrene had set into Continued on Page Five GITLOW TO SPEAK AT BIG CONCERT Expect 25,000 At Coney Affair Ben Gitlow, the Workers Russian ieebreaker would permit nothing of the kind, POLICE ATTACK PICKETS; 9 MILL WORKERS JAILED Pinto, Leader, Defends Woman Against Cop NEW BEDFORD, Mass., July | 19.—Nine textile pickets, arrested | at the Kilburn Mill after a police attack, received jail sentences of from one to five months when arraigned in district court here to- | day. Most of those arraigned were “disturbing the peace” and. “ob- structing the police.” Sentences were imposed after all had waived | examination. Augustus Pinto, picket leader, was arraigned on five charges and was sentenced to five months in | jail. Mrs. Louisa Moura was given a three-month sentence. | All appealed and were ordered held under bail of $300 for each charge for the October session of superior court. The International Labor Defense is handling the cases, * * * NEW BEDFORD, Mass., The reign of terror heralded by the de- | mand of the manufacturers’ associa- |tion and the Chamber of Commerce that picket lines be dispersed, was instituted when squads of police yesterday afternoon charged a mass picketing demonstration at the Kil-| burn Mill, and arrested 9 strikers| when they defended themselves | from the clubs of the police. | . Seven hundred were patrolling the standing as spectators, when the po- |lice detail, headed by Sargeant Me- |Carthy, rushed in with swinging j¢lubs to disperse the pickets and spectators for jeering when a group | Continued on Page Two POLICE, MCERADY IN NEW RACKET Join to Force Furriers to Pay Dues The Tammany police industrial squad, socialists and American Fed- eration of Labor agents in the fur trade have all joined hands in a | racketeering scheme surpassing the | methods of the “bent” gunmen of | Chicago, as indicated by events in | the: past few weeks, the latest of | which eccurred yesterday morning. | Willie Yacker, notorious thug in the pay of the right wing Jo‘nt | Council, together with several mem- bers of the industrial squad, went | to the shop of S. and A. Miller early |vesterday morning to force the | workers to go a fake shop meeting jat the offices of the Joint Council, |despite the previous refusal of the | workers to go. The workers under- stood that the only’ purpose in get- ting them to the office was to ex- | tract large amounts of money os- |tensibly for dues. Threaten Workers With the “squad” members out- side the building of 305 Second Ave., Yacker entered and told the work- acting —secreiaty of | (Communis' arty, Four Negro Victims Of Ruling Class # The lynching of four Negro workers by a reactionary white mob in one of the southern states. Note the grins on the faces of the cowardly mrderers as they observe the culmination of their work of instilling the elementary principles of capitalist democracy irto the Negro. ‘(Photo by courtesy of “Labor Defender.”) U. S. COMMUNIST PARTY DENOUNCES LYNCHINGS The Workers (Communist) Party yesterday issued from its national headquarters in New York vigorous denunciation of lynch- ing—-colling attention to several recent cases of terrorist crimes against Negroes, encouraged and left unpunished by the ruling class and authorities, as well as the attitude of the capitalist political arties giving tacit approval of lynching. The Communist statement, which sets forth the measures which it declares the workers must fight for in the struggle against lynch- ing, is as follows: Horrible. Crime. & Three Negroes have recently been | system which nof only crushes the Negro masses"but divides them alse lynched in the most horrible ie brutal manner in the state of Mis-|from the white workers and securer |sissippi. A mob of over 5,000 bat-|the degradation and exploitation of! tered down the jail at Brookhaven |All the workers of America. and dragged out two Negroes who ,, Lynching is a special part of the had been arrested because they had|\!@w and order” of capitalist so- resisted two white men who had at-|Ciety- It is the extra-legal counter- tacked them with a gun following a/Part of the legal machinery an dispute. The mob tied these men to State power by which the workers MINOR, WOLFE TO SPEAK TONIGHT AT BIG. MEETING \Brutal Jail Treatment Will Be Exposed | A complete expose of the unsan- \itary and stifling conditions which | workers are forced to undergo in the prisons and jails will be made tonight at the Community Church, 84th St. and Park ~Ave., where a | mass meeting under the auspices of the New York section of the All- America Anti-Imperialist League will be held, according to an an- nouncement made today by Harriet Silverman, secretary of the organ- ization. Minor To Speak, The meeting will feature those | who were arrested on Wall Street at the anti-imperialist demonstra- tion that was held on July 3, Among these will be: Robert Minor, editor of The DAILY WORKER and Workers (Communist) Party candi- | date for United States senator, who | with others recently served a five day sentence in the Tombs; Robert Wolf, noted novelist and critic, | also jailed; Michael Gold, editor of | the New Masses; Rebecca Grecht, | another one of those arrested in the Wall Street demonstration; and | Robert W. Dunn, author of “Amer- ican Foreign Investments.” Har- |riet Silverman will preside at the | meeting. Biased Judges. The bias ofthe judges under whose jurisdiction the cases were tried, and the subsequent brutal treatment meted out to the defend- ants will be taken up and discussed in detail in their various aspects by each of the speakers. All people who are interested in hearing of the corrupt administration of Tam- many “justice” in New York City have been invited to attend. ROSARIO GENERAL STRIKE LOOMS Ports Close ROSARIO, Argentina, July 18.— The strike of dock workers in Ar- gentina has won the support of the workers, and, with the strike lead- ers ready to call a general strike, |Police Slug Workers as | 50 feet of the automobile trucks, dragged them around the town, and strung them up to an electric light pole within Hall. While they: were yet conscious, these ill-fated blacks were lowered to the ground mutilated, and their remains again strung up. Among the mob were business men, prominent city offi- cials, physicians, lawyers, schoo! heads, and church leaders, At Sum- mit, another Negro was given over by officers to a lynching mob which hanced its victim to a tree along the road. Cnlv a few days before, at Hous- ton, Texas, a young Negro” was Ivnched as the democrats assemblec for their national convention. H- had exchanged shots with a detec: | tive who had been hounding him. He black and white, are enslaved, re- pressed. and exploited by the finan- cial masters of America. It is part of the whole capitalist system of / exploitation, which utilizes the divi- down the strike of the dock work- sions between black and white work. ¢8 by foree resulted today in the ers to pay the Negro workers the wounding of several strikers and most miserable starvation wages slugging of many others when the |and to force him to work under thc | Police tried to break up a demon- most degrading conditions at the| stration of the strikers at Villa Continued on Page Two Constitucion. PRISON GETAWAY. the general strike, which firds its | | troops and resrves have been called into the field by the government. The efforts of the police to put most militant center there. In the meantime all port traffic is paralyzed, and especially at Ro- saria, the second largest port in Argentina. | | Using tear gas and riot guns, po-| NERS NK AND FILE ASSAIL LEWIS SELLOUT ‘Coal Diggers In All Districts Denounce New Strikebreaking Order Ohio Operators Confirm New Betrayal; Aim MEXICO TO FACE FUTURE STRIFE Calles May Remain In MOSCOW, July 19 (UP).—-Izves- tia, central organ of the Commu- nist Party of the Soviet Union, to- day foresaw for Mexico as the re- sult of General Obregon’s assassina- tion possibility of “new strife for power and civil wars in which American imperialism probably wil! say the last word.” Obregon, the newspaper said, played a Napoleonic role in recent Mexican history, and his murder “was the dramatic conclusion of an acute political 2onflict.” * * * MEXICO CITY, July 19 (UP).— Several additional arrests in con- nection with the assassination of General Alvaro Obregon have been made, Chief of Police Rios Zertuche announced today. Examination of the assassin, Jose de Leon, who has confessed, continued throughout the day in an effort to Jearn if he had accomplices. According to present plans, de Leon will be shot on the same spot in the yard at police headquarters where three priests and an engineer Continued on Page Five ‘STANDS STILL, GETS ARRESTED Furrier Meets a Real Tammany Cop Flagrantly contemptuous of any rights which a citizen may theoret- ically possess, Officer Church Flack, avowed Tammany-owned tool, yes- terday arrested Otto Lenhardt, a furrier, because the worker refused to move along from before the Co- operative Cafeteria, 28 Union Square, from which Lenhardt had just stepped. Lenhardt was arrested on the charge of congregating and refusing to move, and last night received a suspended sentence from Magistrate John Flood, another Tammany tool who occupies the bench at the Night | Court, 54th St. and Eighth Ave.! Magistrate Flocd did not deny that | Lenhardt had a right to stand on} Complete Open Shop (Special to The DAILY WORKER) PITTSBURGH, July 19.—Bitter denunciations from militant mine leaders as well as from the rank and file coal diggers from prac- tically every mine district continued today to pour into the headquarters of the National Arrangements Com- mittee for a new miners’ union, of which John Watt is chairman, fol- lowing the last strikebreaking act of John L. Lewis, who yesterday or- dered the miners back to scabbery on whatever terms they could se cure. Deeply Aroused Nothing has so aroused the min- ers of the country since the infa- mous betrayal of Lewis of the 100,- 600 west Pennsylvania miners in 1922, whom Lewis deliberately left out «wf the agreement which he signed up for the other strikers. The final act of strikebreaking, as it is termed, in practically all the communications to the local head- auarters of the progressives, is de- clared to be the outcome of Lewis’ treacherous policy of signing up separate agreements for Illinois, for Kansas and for other districts while leaving the Pennsylvania and Ohio miners to battle with divided forces. Telegrams and letters from pro- gressive mine leaders from the an- thracite are equally bitter in de- nouncing the policy of the strike- _breaking Lewis machine in. keepinge.,. the hard coal miners at work under an agreement which expired at a cifferent time from that of the bituminous. Still The tenor cf the communications pouring into the local progressive headquarters indicate a sentiment of surprising determination on the part of the miners already out for fifteen months not to be routed by Lewis, who is now seen more clearly than before to be in league with the open-shop operators, Determined The last move of Lewis, accord- ing to all indications, has brought into sharp relief the necessity of building a new union of the coal diggers under rank and file con- trol directed by progressive poli- cies of uncompromising struggle against the coal barons. Consider- able impetus has been given to the call for a national miners’ conven- tion by the progressives, which will be held here September 9-16. The order of Lewis advising the aa was taken from the hospital, where| lice last night prevented an attempt | and demanded an immediate trial with a definite date. At last, Por- ter was brought before the court- martial yesterday at 2 P. M. At the opening of the trial, everything seemed to be going well for ‘the authorities. They read ex- tracts from court-martial regula- tions and “evidence” in military terms meaning nothing to a civilian. Efforts to Avoid Issues. Then the “investigating officer” was called to the stand. He said that Porter had “admitted the es- sentials of desertion” without quot- ing his words, and he would not read Porter’s written statement that his arrest was on account of his strike activities, etc. Finally, the “investigating offi- cer” tried to make a sentimental ap- peal for Porter to avoid completely the real political issues. Fantastic stories were given of “an aged mother,” etc. Obviously, it was the of the officers to give Por- ter a very short sentence in order to get out of the predicament in which they found themselves. No Retreat By Porter. Porter refused to fall into the trap, regardless of the consequences to himself. He demanded to take Continued on Page Three 7 Killed in Border Raid in Jugoslavia BELGRADE, Jugoslavia, July 19. —Four gendarmes and three peas- ants were killed and one gendarme was injured seriously today when an Albanian band, under Feriz Salko- vitch is alleged to have crossed the frontier and raided the village of Melaj in the Novispazar district. Many of the Albanian bands and the Albanian army are known to be equipped and. financed by the Italian fascists. will bring a message of revolution- ary greetings to the 25,000 work- ers who will pack Coney Island Sta- dium Saturday at the great concert nee by The DAILY WORK- In addition to being a remark- able proletarian musical festival the affair will be a political dem- onstration of the militant workers of New York. This great concert will offer the workers their first public opportunity to pay tribute to the achievements of the Soviet Union in reseuing 16 stranded Arc- tie explorers. A special cable of congratulations will be sent from the Stadium to the Soviet ice-break- er Krassin, which made the rescues | | sky. Theremin, Scientific Genius. Little more need be said about the concert itself. The Soviet Union will be represented by .one of its greatest scientific geniuses. Prof. Leon Theremin, who will display the most remarkable invention of the Continued on Page Five and to the heroic aviator Chuknov- | ers gathered in the building hall- way that he would “break the head of anyone refusing to go.” A. Master, a worker in the shop, | immediately signified his refusal to be mulcted out of money for the gangsters and the squad and |clared he would not go. Yacket struck viciously at Master, but wes anfortunate enough to have himself thoroughly stepped on by the irate | workers. After escaping from the hallway. Yacker ran out and ‘soon returned with the members of the industrial \squad. The police agents then com- |pelled the workers to go to the |“meeting” in the Joint Council. | After being thorouchly fleeced of Continued on Page Two | FINE, HENRY. FORD. DETROIT, Jul; 19 (UP).—Henry Ford’s Detroit. Toledo and Trontor | | Railroad was fined $20,000 today by Federal Judge Charles C. Simons | for violating the Elkins law, regard ling failure to collect demurrage | charges. | Workers have already begun to respond to the appeal of The DAILY WORKER for workingclass photo- graphs. Some of the pictures that have been received are of unusual interest and will be published within the next few days. All worker-photographers should remember to include with each pic- ture the necessary data concerning it. A picture of a picket-line is of little use unless we Know what pic- ket-line it is. Give complete infor- mation with each picture, written PICTURE DATA ESSEN TIAL Workers Urged to Send Photos to Daily | preferably on the back of the photo All sorts of pictures that have a connection with the struggles of the | workingclass are wanted by The DAILY WORKER, but the most de-| sirable photos are close-ups of people, in action. The glossy finish type of Picture is best for reproduction pur- poses. Every picture that is published will bear the name of the worker- | photographer that-took it. Put your cameras to work for The DAILY WORKER. |plank in their platform or even to |rible practice ef lynching, ke Jay wounded, by five men, one|0" the part of prisoners in the n policeman in uniform, and hange?|Bronx County Jail, 1918 Arthur from a brides, While the body of|/ Aves to escape with the result that this young Negro swung limo and|three persons, one a prisoner and Jess, the democrats, assembled at | the other two guards, are now dead Sam Houston Hall eight miles away | John F. McCabe, a prisoner, sen- |showed their complete accord with|tenced for robbery, freed himself the system of lynching and exploita-|from his cell, shot and killed two tion by their failure to write any Prison guards. Failing in his at- tempt to escape, McCabe turned the weapon on himself. utter a single word against this hor- The two guards who were killed RATES BY MERGER A merger of the Consolidated Gas Company of New York and the Brooklyn Edison Company, on the basis of the present market value of the stocks of the two companies, would put the Consolidated in a PLAN HIGHER GAS: “private property,” but refused to|miners to go back to work on any |discharge him. Lenhardt said that|terms followed a meeting in India- when the magistrate heard that he) napolis yesterday of the so-called. was a furrier, the judge immedi-| International Policy Committee, ately became biased against him. | osmnosed of Lewis’ handpicked ex. Officer Flack threatened Lenhardt | ecutive board and representativ@s on his way out that he would come| cf his machine in the various dis- around again and make “wholesale | ¢ picts, arrests if he found anyone near the | 7 ia Bolshevik center,” presumably warn-| After deliberating over the bei Continued on Page Two ing Lenhardt against the Bolshe-| viks. \ Lynching, a Part of Capitalist Clase Oppression. These lymchings expose once wore the system of savage repression ond brutal terrorism which the Negro masses of America are round un- the iron heel cf treir ruthles These lynchings reveal ue nature of the ‘democracy.” ‘Sustice,” “law and order,” which the imperialist masters of Americs impose upon their slaves, the mi!l ions of black and white workers wh- have no right that their capitalist exploiters are bound' to respect. Lynching, mob violence, burning at the stake, are common and estab- lished practices of American capi talist democracy. Thousands o workers, also, have been put to death by this savage terror, Lynching is openly defended in congress, it is condoned in the courts, it is preached from the pul- pits. It is purposely maintained by the wealthy rulers of America as a necessary part of the vicious sys- tem of oppression and exploitation which keeps the Negro masses as a slave class at the bottom of capi- talist society, degraded and driven in the most merciless fashion, to produce, wealth for their inhuman exploiters. It is the naked engine of terror which upholds the whole vile system of racial segregation and op-| merce commission today for author-| the prison censor: pression, of Jim-Crowism, disfran- chisement, peonage and slavery—the | California Railroad Company. are Daniel Horgan and Morris Brod. ern. Both of them had been assigned to the jail last year. Police late last ni¢ht were planning an “‘inves- tigation” of the attempted break- away. Prisoners incarcerated at the Bronx County Jail, it was discov ered, have forthe past few. years heen protesting against the vile food and the miserable living conditions imposed upon them. The tear gas bombs and riot guns are said to be | held in readiness for labor troubles | Volunteers Needed For, . Stadium Concert Work. Negroes, and thousands of white) | Five hundred volunteer workers |are wanted by the DAILY one |ER to heln organize the Coney \Island Stadium concert at which| |Leon Theremin and Volpe’s or-| |chestra will perform, on Saturday should report at The DAILY | | WORKER business offire, 26-28 Union Square, (second floor) im- | mediately. It is very important. WOULD BUY RAILROAD. WASHINGTON, July 19 (UP).—| The Western Pacific Railroad Com- | | pany applied to the interstate com- | ity to acquire the Western Pazific position to demand of the Tam- many-controlled Public Service Com- mission for an increase in rates on the strength of overcapitalization of approximately $300,000,000, it was charged yesterday by several civic organizations, as they prepared to renew their attack on the billion dollar consolidation neiit Wednesday, when it again comes before the com- miss‘on for a hearing. William F. Kenny, one of Smith's | Teapot Hoover For “Honest” Government) SUPERIOR, Wis.,, July 19.— Herbert Hoover has informed Presi- dent Coolidge he intends to stress the issues of “continued prosperity” {and “integrity” in governmental | management in his campaign for the White House. He indicated he biggest financial supporters in his| would name these two as the dom- election slush-fund drive, is a big inant issues in the speech of ac- stockholder in both of the companies | ceptance of the nomination at Palo involved in the proposed merger. Alto, Calif., August 11. PRISON CENSOR FAILS Birthday Greetings to Clara Zetkin BERLIN, July 19.—The Director! “Battle greetings to our great All those who volunteer to help| of the central prison here confis- leader on her birthday. In the name be enough and nearer $4, of all proletarian political prison- | ers in the prison of Sonnenburg. | OTTO BRAUNE.” | The censor did not succeed in) stopping this one. Clara Zetkin | got her birthday greetings. cates all in-coming and out-going mail, magazines and newspapers, which do not bear the name of Fridericus, Stahlhelm or the like. When it is a question of mailto and from the Soviet Union then even birthday greetings fall into the hands of the censor. WASHINGTON, July 19 (UP).—| Here is one of the big failures of The treas net balance July 16) was $170,841,300.89; customs re- ceipts this month to July 16 were! | $21,494,619,82, “To Clara Zetkin. Moscow, The Kremlin, | ficially it was said that the G.0.P, SLUSH FUND TO BE LIMITLESS Over $4,000,000 Is “Une official” Figure WASHINGTON, July 19—There will be no limit to the republican slush fund to elect Hoover, J. R. Nutt, treasurer of the Republican — Campaign Committee, declared here today. Nutt and National Chairman Work discussed the republican cam- paign budget all day, but failed to decide upon the exact amount needed or where it would be spent. Unof+ 000 originally suggested might no might be raised. In the 1924 « paign, when Coolidge had weak | position, $3,063,952 was 5] a additional $355,264 was left plus. Nutt is a banker connected the Nickel Plate Railroad, : Morgan controlled. A similar ment was recently issued Morgan banker, Herbert H, man, treasurer of the Smith pain, tp