The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 14, 1928, Page 3

Page Thre# \ CAPITALIST CRISIS MARKED BY DIVISION OF WORLD INTO TWO ECONOMIES, PROGRAM DECLARES Proletarian Dictatorehip in the Soviet Union is Base of World Revolution World Workers Must Rise to Defense of USSR in the Event of War THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JULY 14, 1928 NEW DRAFT PROGRAM OF THE COM V. The Dictatorship of the Proletariat in the USSR and the International Social Revolution nomical backwardness of the coun-| union and PARTY apparatus by try and the damage caused during | infusing into them workers from| |the imperialist and civil wars large | the factories, the practice of train- capital outlays have to be made for| ing workers generally and young renewals of equipment and develop-| workers in particular in the higher | ing new enterprises and this places| educational establishments and spec- | serious obstacles in the path of soc-| ial courses, etc., as socialist experts lialist development. Nevertheless,|in all branches of construction— the standard of living of the work-| serve as a guarantee against the ing class and of the broad masses/ bureaucratic ossification and social of the toilers is steadily rising and| degeneration of the proletariat di- |simultaneously with the socialist| rectly engaged in administration. rationalization and scientific organ- Jization of industry the 7-hour day is being gradually introduced. Having defeated Russian imperi alism and liberated all the former colonies and oppressed nations in |the Russian Empire the dictatorship |of the proletariat in the USSR guarantees not only formal but ac- tual equality for the various na-| tionalities in the Union. Thanks to the economic growth of the USSR and to the growing importance of the socialist section |of industry and relying upon the __ draft. various groups of powers. publics. The Programme Commission of the Executive Committee of the Communist International is publishing a DRAFT PROGRAM. The Commission thinks it its duty to declare that while the text of this draft is of course based on the same fundamental principles as those upon which the draft programme provisionally passed by the Fifth Congress of the Communist International was based, never- theless, it differs very considerably from that draft. Commission felt that in view of the great changes that have taken place in many important,spheres of international life and particularly in the revolutionary movement since the Fifth Congress, it could not confine itself to making merely editorial changes in the original A change has taken place in the form of the general crisis of capitalism; a change has taken place in the relationships between Great events have taken place, like the great revolution in China, which once again emphasized the signifi- cance of the agrarian-peasant question. made in building up socialism in the Union of Socialist Soviet Re- The struggle between the aggressive capitalist world and the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics is becoming acute. is growing and becoming transformed into the terrorist dictatorship of big capital. Social democracy has degenerated into Chauvinist imperialism. The lessons that have been learned by the Communist International in the fight against opposition tendencies and finally Thé Program Great progress has been Fascism poorer sections of the rural popu- lation—while maintaining a durable alliance with the bulk of the peas- ant population, viz., the middle peasants, the working class, united It is sys-| tematically laying a firm foundation for their cultural and political de-| velopment by industrializing these| territories. It clearly establishes | the growth of Communism, the fact that the movement has really become internationalized, the new tasks that confront the Communist International as a single organization—all this has inevitably made it necessary considerably to alter and enlarge the former draft. The general tendency of the changes that have been made is towards more concreteness and greater emphasis upon THE INTER- NATIONAL aspects both in the theoretical section as well as’ in the sections dealing immediately with the struggles of the Communist Parties. Acting on the decision of the Executive Committee of the Com- munist International, the Programme Commission, in publishing this draft program, calls upon all comrades to express their opinion and criticism of it in articles, remarks and concrete suggestions. The work done on the program has revealed how difficult it is to embrace | in a single document all the problems of the present-day world Com- q munist movement: The question of the program will be one of the central questions at the Sixth Congress. It is essential that sufficient material be collected by ‘the time the discussion of the question takes place at the Congress. The Commission therefore invites all comrades to join in the fruitful discussion of the program. THE PROGRAMME COMMISSION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST INTERNATIONAL and led by the COMMUNIST PAR-| the legal position of the autono- TY—which has been seaconed iq| mous territories, autonomous re-| ass Pt oss i publics and allied republics in the| draw. increasing, numbers ‘of, the constitution of the Soviet Union toilers into the work of building up{@P4 carries out to the full the prin- Socialism. The most important) iPle of the right of nations to means employed for this purpose | S¢lf-determination. are: the development of broad ‘ mass organizations (the PARTY,| The USSR is the land of the dic- the trade unions, the YOUNG COM-|tatorship of the proletariat and of MUNIST LEAGUE, co-operative | socialist construction. It is a land societies of all forms, women’s or-|in which the working class has won ganizations,—for working women|enormous gains and established a and peasant women, various kinds| Close alliance with the peasants. It of so-called “voluntary societies,”| is the land of a new culture which worker and rural correspondents’| follows the banner of Marxism societies, sports clubs, scientific so-| Hence, the USSR is inevitably be- cieties, cultural and educational or-| coming the base of the world move- ganizations); encouragement of the|™ent of all oppressed classes, the initiative of the masses and the| centre of the {nternational revo- promotion of fresh strata of work-|ltition, the greatest factor in world ers to high posts in all spheres of| history. | economy and administration. The | continuous attraction of the masses} In the USSR the world prole-| into the process of Socialist con-|tariat for the first time acquires | struction, the continuous renewal of|/a real fatherland of its own and the whole state, economic, trade|the USSR becomes the greatest 4 COMMUMST EDITORS JAILED Thousands Hear Noted Mexican Artist Tell) About Soviet Union MEXICO CITY, July 13—Three ‘ thousand persons attended a lec- : eye. ture upon the cultural and economic Fascists Hold Militants | progress of the Soviet Union, given Incommunicado in the auditortum of the National | Preparatory School by Diego Ri- vera, the distinguished Mexican ar- tist. Rivera recently returned from the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, where he went as a delegate to the GENEVA, July 13. — The former leading officials of the free trades union confederation (Confederazione Generale del Lavoro) and members The principal manifestation of the profound crisis. of the capitalist system is the division of world economy into capitalist countries on the one hand and countries building up Socialism on: the other. Conse- quently, the internal consolidation of jjthe proletarian dictatorship in the JUSSR, the successes achieved in the work of Socialist construction, the growth of the influence and author- ity of the USSR among the masses of the proletariat and the oppressed peoples of the colonies, signify the continuation, intensification and ex- pansion of the international social revolution. The proletarian dicta- torship in the USSR is an important component part of the international social revolution; it is its vanguard and the base for its development. Possessing in the country the nec- essary, and sufficient material pre- requisites for the overthrow of the landlords and the bourgeoisie as well as for the establishment of complete Socialism, the workers in the Soviet Republics, aided by the in‘e->etional proletariat, heroically repelled the attacks of the armed ts of the internal and foreign counter - revolution, consolidated their alliance with the bulk of the peasantry and have achieved con- siderable successes in the sphere of Socialist construction. The proletariat was enabled to make a rapid advance along the road of socialist construction be- cause of the proper contacts it es- tablished between proletarian So- clalist industry and small peasant economy, which secured the growth of the productive forces of agricul- ture and guarantee the leading role to Socialist industry; because of the links it established between Social- ist industry and aggiculture, thus preventing the latter from serving the unproductive consumption of parasitic classes; because it pro- duces, not for capitalist profit but in order to satisfy the constantly growing needs of the mass of con- sumers,—which in the last analysis greatly stimulates the whole pré- cess of production, and finally be- cause the economic key positions were concentrated in the hands of the proletarian State, planned man- agement acquired increasing sig- ‘icance and as a consequence the eans of production are being dis- buted more economically and ex- jiently. Having raised the productive forces of the whole economy of the country to a hihger level and de- veloping large-scale industry at a rate exceeding that of capitalist powers to establish a financial and economic boycott, the proletariat of the USSR is systematically increas- ing the share of the socialized (So- cialist) section of national economy jn the total output of means of pro- duction, in the total output of in- dustry and the total trade of the country. Thus, by manipulating the lever of State trade, of rapidly growing oe | still greater progress in its develop- ment. cooperation and the nationalization of the land, State Socialist industry. transport and banking are leading small and minute petty peasant farming in their train, to an ever-| increasing extent. | In the sphere of agriculture par- ticularly, the raising of the level of the forces of production proceeds amidst conditions which restrict. the process of differentiation among th: peasantry (nationalization of th land—and consequently the prohib tion of the sale and purchase land; sharply graded progress taxes; the financing of poor middle peasants’ cooperative so ties and productive organizatio the laws governing’ the hiring labor; depriving the kulaks of ce tain political and public rights etc.). However, in so far as the productive forces of Socialist indus- try have not yet grown sufficiently to enable a broad new technical basc to be laid for agriculture and con- sequently to enable an immediate of the Communist Party have been arrested-and tried by the Fascist police in Rome. Those arrested are: Giuseppe Amoretti, former editor of the | “Unita,” the legal and official organ | of the Communist Party, of Italy: | | Anna Amoretti, his wife: Dr. Giro- | Jamo Li Causi, the former respons- ible editor of the “Unita”; Signora | Li Cau Eduardo D’Onoftia, the | former editor of the “Avanguardia”, | he legal and official organ of the | Young Communist League of Italy, nd Grandi, a former employee of he “Unita.” Although the arrests took place ur weeks ago, the friends and rel- ves of the arrested men and wom- | have not yet been able to secure y information whatever from the uthorities concerning the fate of those arrested. No information can be obtained concerning the charges that will be made against the pris- oners, : The maltreatment and torture of| prisoners which has been made into stem since the explosion in Mi- and rapid productive combination of peasant farms into large publi: enterprises—collective | farms—the kulak class tends to grow and es tablishes economic, and later, politi cal contact with elements of the so. called “new bourgeoisie.” The proletariat of the USSR hold: the principal economic key-positions in the country. It s)stematicall: Squeezes out the remnants of urban private capital, which has consider- ably diminished during the last few years of the “New Eoconmic Pol- icy.” It imposes all manner of re- strictions upon the exploiting strats in the rural distriets, which spring out of the development of commod ity-money relationships. It draws the bulk of the peasant, simple com modity producers into the general system of Soviet economic organiza- tion and consequently into the wor! of Socialist construction through the medium of rapidly-growing coopera- tion—which in the conditions of pro- letarian dictatorship and the eco- nomic leadership of Socialist indus. try is identical with the develop- ment of Socialism, and is passing from the process of restoration tc the expanded reconstruction of thr whole productive and technical basis of the country. Thus, the proletariat of the USSR has undertaken anc is adready fulfilling the task of large-scale construction (the produc- tion of means of production gener- ally and the development of the heavy industry and electrification in particular) and simultaneously with developing, selling, buying and credit cooperation, has undertaken the task of organizing the peasan- try in productive, cooperative socie ties on the basis of collectivism. Socialism is already a decisive economic force in the USSR which in the main, determines the whole economic development of the coun- try: and by that very fact stimulates Owing to the technical and eco- | lan, for which the Fascists were themselves responsible, justifies the worst fears for the fate of the pris- oners. PORTER PROTEST MEETING SUNDAY Communist Gathering on Boston Common BOSTON, Mass., July 13. — The Young Workers (Communist) League of Boston will hold a pro- test meeting on the Boston Com- mons on July 15, at 4 p. m, for the defense of John Porter, Yow Workers (Communist) League mili- tant who is at present imprisoned for his active participation in the New Bedford textile strike, and be- cause of his refusal to serve in the United States Army as a tool of American imperialism. Two Soap Companies Effect Big Merger (UP).—Directors of the Palmo- live Peet Company and Colgate & Company have agreed ta a plan of consolidation of the two firms, sub- ject to action of stockholders. The merger would be effective as of July 1, 1928, if approved, it was announced today. PLAN ARCTIC STUDY BOSTON, July 18 (UP).—The U. S. coast guard patrol boat Marion, under command of Lieutenant Com- mander Edward H. Smith, ocean- ographer for ten years connected with the North Atlantic ice patrol. left Charlestown Navy Yard today ona cruise to the far north to study jeeberrs and ocean-enrrents between Labrador and Greenland, % | tors are from New York, California \ celebration of the Tenth Anniver- sary. After completing his series of murals in the ministry of educa- tion, depicting the history of the Mexican workers’ and peasants’ struggles, Rivera will return to Moscow, where he will decorate the walls of several buildings. WORKER SCHOOL IN WASHINGTON Offer Large Variety) of Courses | WINLOCK, Wash., July 3 (By mail).—Fifty-two students at the) young workers training school here are engaged in the study of class study problems so that they may be of greater service to the labor movement. The school began June 23 with a program given by the students and teachers. Soon the classes were or- ganized and the students began work. 5s Subjects taught at the training school this year are _ sociology. economics, history of the United States (from the workers’ view- point), theory, practice and organ- izational forms of the world’s labor movement, public speaking, study circles and discussion periods. The study is by no means confined to the class work and visits are made} to factories in this section for actual | study of conditions. | Many nationalities are represented at the school, including two Letts | and one Chinese student. Instruc- | and Washington. | After the training school for| young workers last year consider- able progress was made in organ- izing the Young Workers Commun- ist League in this district, and the school this year is certain to be of considerable value to the revolu- tionary youth movement on the Pacific Coast. Catholic Reactionaries Hang Three Mexicans. MEXICO CITY, July 13.—Cath- olic counter-revolutionists hanged Carasco Sandoval and his brother, Carlos, yesterday. The former was a federal deputy and the latter the mayor of the town Tacambaro. The Catholic group was lead by Ladislao Medina, Medina and his accomplices attacked a passenger train and captured the brothers, A catholic priest, Aristeo Ped- roza, and his band were defeated in a skirmish with federal troops at La Coneepcion ranch near Leon. | rmM ‘ centre of gravity for colonial move- ments. Thus, the USSR is a great factor in the general crisis of capitalism not only becouse it has dropped out of purely capitalist economic inter- course, and has created the basis for the socialist system of produc- tion but also because it plays an exceptionally great revolutionary role generally: it is the internation- al driving force of the proletarian revolution, stimulating the prole- tariat of all countries to strive to capture power. It is a living ex- ample of the ability of the working class not only to destroy capital- ism, but to build up socialism. It is the prototype of the fraternal relations between all nationalities | that will exist in the World Union of Socialist Republics and of the economic unity of all toilers in the single world economy of socialism that the conquest of power bjt the proletariat in all countries will es- tablish. The simultaneous existence of two MUNIST INTER of laying a basis for its own heavy industry and electrification and fin- ally for the development of its own socialist engineering industry. Only to the extent that the economic in- dependence of the USSR in the midst of a capitalist environment is secured can guarantees be obtained against the danger of the work of socialist construction in the USSR being disturbed and of her becoming an adjunct of the capitalist system On the other hand, the capitalist ; states continuously oscillate be- tween their commercial interest in the markets of the USSR and their fear of the growth of the USSR which signifies the growth of inter- national revolution. For that rea- son the principal and fundamental tendency in the politics of the Im- perialist Powers is to encircle the USSR and to conduct counter-revo- lutionary war against her for the purpose of strangling her and of interna-|against her the hatred of capitalist facilitate| states and their social democratic agents, but they also inspire to- tional emancipation, the tional proletariat must the success of the work of socialist construction in the USSR and by all| wards her the greatest sympathy | means in their power defend itjof the broad masses of the toilers against the attacks of the capitalist | all over the world, and stimulate the powers. readiness of the oppressed classes of all countries to fight in defence of the land of the proletarian dictator- ship in the event of an imperialistic | attack upon her. “The world political situation has now brought to the front the dictatorship of the prole- tariat as an immediate issue and all the events in world poli- tics are inevitably concentrat- ing around one central point, viz: the struggle of the world bourgeoisie against the Soviet Russian Republic, which must group itself around the Soviet movements of the advanced workers of all countries, on the one hand, and all the national liberation movements of the col- onial and oppressed _nationali- ties on the other.” (Lenin). 4 Thus, the development of the con- {tradictions within modern world economy, the development of the general capitalist crises and the mil- itary attacks of the Imperialists | upon the Soviet Union must inevi- | tably' lead to a mighty revolution- | ary outbreak which must overwhelm the capitalist system in a number | of so-called civilized countries, un- | leash the victorious revolution in the colonies, widen the basis of the proletarian dictatorship to an enor- | mous degree and by that carry us In the event of the Imperialist states declaring war upon and at- tacking the USSR, the international However, the systematic attempts proletariat must retaliate by the establishing a world, bourgeois, ter rorist regime. economic systems: the socialist sys-| of Imperialism politically to encircle boldest and most determined mass 2 tem in the USSR and the capitalist |the USSR and the growing danger| action and struggle for the over-|T ahor Fakers Admit system in the other countries, im- of military aggression against her| throw of the imperialist govern- poses on the proletarian State the|to prevent the Communist Party of ments with the slogan of dictator- task of repelling the blows show- ered upon it by the capitalist world (boycott, blockade, etc.,) and at the|leader of the proletarian dictator- the Soviet Union,— a Section of ship of the proletariat and alliance the Communist International and|with the USSR. : In the colonies, and particularly a tremendous way nearer to the final world victory of socialism. (To Be Continued.) | Mussolini’s Union GEN: IVA, July 13. — In spite same time compels it to resort to|ship in the USSR,—from fulfilling |in the colonies belonging to the im-| of the protests of workers the Inter- economic manoeuvres and make use| its I sa sta of economic contacts with capital-| from rendering assistance to all the|ing the USSR, it is neces: ist countries (by means of the mon-| oppressed, to the labour movement | take advantage of the divers opoly of foreign trade, credits, loans, concessions, so-called “tech- nical aid,” etc.). The principal and fundamental line to be adopted in this respect is the establishment of the widest possible contacts with foreign countries within limits de- termined by the advantages they will bring for the USSR, i. e., pri- marily for strengthening industry in the USSR. itself, for the purpose | WALL ST. LOANS GRIP THE WORLD Foreign Loans Exceed Record WASHINGTON, July 13.—For- eign Icans during the period from January 1 and July 1 of this year accumulated to over $1,053,164,000, according to the figures of the de- partment of commerce. This is the first time in American history that capital was shipped at such a rate into other countries, ex- ceeding any previous period and even exceeding the war loans of- fered for sale in this country dur- ing any half year. The principal borrower is Europe, with Germany as the highest, Can- ada obtaining largest sums and watin America running a close third. Latin America, which had borrowed so profusely during 1927, is still borrowing heavily from United | States capitalists. GOP. BUYS UP ELECTION VOTE Vare Elected By Bribe is Accusation PHILADELPHIA, July 13 (UP). —tLess than 24 hours after he tes- tified before the senate committee investigating the election of Wil- liam S. Vare to the senate in 1926. Frederick Schadt, former deputy tax collector, was arrested and taken before the magistrate he named as the payer of tax receipts for some voters. In his testimony Schadt said the former republican ward committee- man and present Magistrate Edward J. Connor had paid the tax receipts for some of the voters who reg- istered. Yesterday Schadt appeared before Connor for violation of the peace, Federal Reserve Bank | Raises Rediscount 5% | | The advance in the Chicago Fed- | eral Reserve Bank rediscount rate Tuesday was met by the New Yor! Bank yesterday after a long meet. ing. The rate was raised to 5 per cent from 4% per cent. The latter rate has been in effect since May 18 It is the first time that a rate of; 5 per cent has .been in effect since | Nov. 8, 1921, when the rate was cut from 5 per cent. \ Chicago and New York Federal | Reserve Banks are the only institu- tions with a 5 per cent rate. Woman Badly Burned When Fumes Explode | | Mabel Farmer, 22 years old, of 115-68 155th St., Jamaica, is con-! fined to her bed at home with burns | she received following an explosion, which occurred while she was clean-| ing a dress in the kitchen of her home yesterdav. She was using and|Pperialist countries which are attack- international obligations no in capitalist countries, to the move-|the imperialist military forces to ment of colonial peoples against im-| develop the anti-imperialist strug- perialism, and to the struggle|gle to the utmost and to organize against national oppression in all| revolutionary action for the pur- its forms. | pose of throwing off the yoke of national Labor Conference has rec- admitted it to the Conference. The fascist “Union” delegation was headed by Rossini, who at one The catholics fled, leaving behind ensoline, the pilot light in the gac twenty-one ¢! their dead. Thirteen | ress was burning, and the fume more were killed when they were | -~~Ioded, starting a fire in the kit- 4 j ambushed at Atotoniquillo, chen, As the USSR is the only father-| land of the international proletar-| iat, the principal bulwark of their achievements and the most import- ant factor in the cause of interna- Michigan’s Children’s; Camp Will Open Soon) at Cooperative Lake GRAND RAPIDS, Mich., July: 13. —The second annual workers’ chil- dren camp in Western Michigan will have its grand opening July 22 at the Co-operative Lake. The camp} will run for a period of four weeks and will be on a much larger scale than before. The camp will teach the children cooperative living and will bring them closer to understanding the class struggle. Swimming, field sports, educational work, nature stu- dies, and the conducting of a model Pioneer Group is but a minor part of the program. In order to make the camp avail- able to all workers’ children the fee has been set as $3.50 per week for each child. Registration can be made any evening at Room 208, 211 Monroe, or 1057 Hamilton N. W. The camp} will be in charge of an experienced camp director. Make Huge Profit | WASHINGTON, D. C., July 13.— While the Sante Fe Railroad bought up the Kansas City, Mexico | and Orient Railroad about four years ago and made a profit of $6,000,000, the men working on these systems will have their wages eut so drastically that they will be the lowest paid railroad workers in | the country. | imperialism and of winning com- plete independence. ATTENTION. The development of socialism in the USSR and the growth of its in- ternational influence not only rouse USSR. DENIES | 8 t 8 d ur a ir- he ree ne or te m ir ¢| ognized Mussolini’s fascist union and inc 10 )- | time headed an anarchist paper in fle Boston. fon in; : Party Units, Sub-sections, Sections, Workmen’s Circle tL) GERM AN SPYING Branches, Women’s Councils, 4, Trade Union Educational a) ie Leagues, Workers’ Clubs, ete, Soviet Berlin Embassy | Surprised at Charge You Can Get 500 Tickets for $20 BERLIN, July 13.—The Soviet embassy here yesterday denied with the Name of Your Or- knowledge of the existence of ganization on Your Tickets, espionage in the German aeronautic works by spies working for the Make $100.00 Profit. Soviet government, as. charged by' Berlin police. The statement of the Soviet ambassador said that not only had the Soviet government had nothing to do with the alleged espionage, but that it had not heard anything about it until the an- nouncement was made by the Berlin police. The cause of the charges is the arrest yesterday of Wilhelm Ludwig and two other Germans for their alleged participation in the betrayal | of German flying secrets to Moscow. | By Participating in the VESSELS COLLIDE AT SEA FREIHEIT Royal Mail liner Demerara, bound for South America, collided with an | SATURDAY, JULY 28 unnamed vessel off the port of Lis- | bon and returned to that city today, | ULMER PARK Brooklyn the line announced. The accident oc- curred during a fog. It was not made known what damage was done. Send your Check, Money Ore der, or bring your cash to the ‘FREIH EL When the workers appealed to the Railroad Board of Labor and | Mediation, the board meditated. When Coolidge was appealed to, h appointed a board of investigatio: which reported that the workers | were “unjustified” in asking for more money. | 30 Union Square, N. Y. C, Effective-Harmless Sold by All Druggisss Take the MOSCOW—LENINGRAD Free Visés (Extensions Arranged for to Visit Any Parts.of UC 8, Ryey Ss 8. S. “ROTTERDAM” — Aug. 4 S. S. “PARIS” — Via: LONDON Return: WARSAW World Tourists, Inc. 69 FIFTH AVENUE Telephone: ALGONQUIN 6900. COPENHAGEN DAILY WORKER With You on Your Vacation Keep in touch with the strug- gles of the workers while you are away on your vaca- tion. This summer the Elec- tion Campaign will be in full swing. The DAILY WORK- ER will carry up-to-the-min- ute news concerning the campaign of the Workers (Communist) Party in the various states, Daily cable news service from COMPLETE TOUR 450. AND UP the World Congress of the Communist International which opens soon in Moscow. Vacation Rates $ AILINGS: 2 weeks 65¢ 2 months $1.50 1 month $1 3 months $2 Enclosed find $.. months subscription weeks to The DAILY WORKER, Name — — — Aug. 10 HELSINGFORS PARIS Street .... BERLIN City ... Stare DAILY WORKER 26-28 UNION SQUARE NEW YORK, N. 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