The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 3, 1928, Page 3

= we THE DAILY WORKER, Polish Students Strrke to Protest Against Pilsudski White Terrorist COOLIES TOIL LIKE HORSES |W Scott Nearing Describes China Conditions SCORE ARRESTS — AND RAIDS BY ‘REACTIONARIES Pilsudski Fears Left Wing in Election WARSAW, March 2.—Protesting against the wholesale arrest of oppo- sition leaders, students and professors} in Warsaw universities and high schools went out on strike yesterday. Pilsudski who fears left wing suc-| cesses in the coming elections, has arrested scores of working class leaders and raided left wing party and trade union headquarters. The strike followed a police raid on a technical school in which a num- ber of arrests were made and papers confiscated. Numerous demonstra- tions against Pilsudski were held in various schools thruout thecity. Newspapers which supported the actions of the students were sup- pressed yesterday. THIRST FOR MORE VENEZUELAN OlL The Standard Oil Company of New Jersey is making plans for the inten- sive exploitation of Venezuela oil fields, it was learned yesterday, when officials ,of the. company announced that Standard Oil properties in Vene- zuela would be merged with those of the Creole Syndicate. The total hold- ings of sthe two companies are well above 6;250,000 acres. The huge output from Venezuela oil fields has alarmed some oil pro- ducers, who made an unsuccessful ef- fort to bring the principal Venezuela investors into some sort of a curtail- ment agreement. SCORE FASCISTS IN TYROL AGAIN VIENNA, March 2.—While Chan- cellor Seipel has been issuing concilia- atory statements on the Tyrol issue, the population of South Tyrol is re- ported to be indignant over. orders issued by the fascist authorities that all German hotel keepers must pledge obedience to the fascist regime. Innkeepers of the district, reports received here state, have held a pub- lie demonstration against the fascist regime, British Rush Tanks And Planes Against Rebellious Arabians LONDON, March 2.—Seyen Brit- ish tanks and. twenty-five planes have been despatched against a large force of rebellious Wahabis, who attempted to.capture the town of Akaba, a port at the northern end of the Red Sea. The Wahabi Arabs were last re- ported as besieging the village of Maan, north of Akaba. Family Near Starvation | Jobless Boy Ends Life CHICAGO, March 2.—Jimmy Capasso, 15 was the oldest of six children, his father worked only four days a week for $3.50 a day, and Jimmy couldn’t find a job. Times were hard, yes, Jimmy went upstairs to his bedroom. The sound ,of a shot brought members of the family to his room. There lay Jimmy on the floor, a revolver in his hand, a bullet in his heart. W YORK, SATURDAY, MARCH 3, 1928 Page Three Kegume By SCOTT NEARING. Chinese workers come from ai agricultural environment. On the farms they lift and carry as their forefathers have done for genera tions. but China is being industrialized. In place of the mattocxs, reaping machines and machine tools, produces. Since men are cheapei indusvrialization are being carried On human backs at the cost of immense hardship and suffering. The Coolie Cry. Just beiow the city on the leftbank, we passed close to ihe coal docks, ferred from barges to storage yara ihe containers in which the coal wa» srom 250 to 30U pounds. hold into these baskets the coal was shoveled. Then vwo Chinese coolies, with the basket between them on a bamboo pole made their way ashore and trudged off to the storage piles, which were in some cases nearly @ quarter of a mile away. The sun was intensely hot, yet all day long these lines of sweating men passed back and forth from the hold of the ship to the storage pile. As they waixed, the Shanghai coolies uttered the peculiar cry for which they are famous. Something between a warning and a protest. iv sounds like a chant, and there is about it the same pa.hetic tone that characterized the labor songs of the American slaves. Heavy Cargo. Our ship carried a heavy cargo for Shanghai. Among other things | there were 7000 tons of pig-lead. The lead was lifted from the hold of the vessel by a steamcrane which dropped a dogen pigs at a time with a loud clatter on the wharf, where waiting coolies hooked the ropes of their carrying poles under the pigs. Each pair of men carried two pigs (4U0 pounds). For hours they passed from the ship to a distant storage warehouse,—the temporary destina- tion for the lead. The wharf and the shore were on the same level. A very small expenditure would have pro- vided rails, on which hand-cars could have been pushed back and forth from the dock to the warehouse. Coolies will work in Shanghai, how- ever, for about seven or eight American dollars per month, so they do the work of horses or machines, and the company saves money. Human Tracks. The ship also carried a cargo of American automobiles, each one of which was crated in a separate box. The weight of automobile and box was about 8600 pounds. Down in the hold eight coolies with carrying poles and ropes shifted these boxes under the hatchway. They were then lifted by a crane and dropped on a four- wheeled cart. This cart was pulled up an incline by a gang of men, hitched to ropes. When they reached the street level, they dumped the box containing the au.omobile and re- turned for another load. A little later a motor truck came along to take the boxed auiomobiles from the wharf to the show-rooms. Men lifted one end of the automobile case, the truck was backed under it, he back end was then lifted by man- power and pushed forward on to the truck. With the exception’ of the ship’s crane which hoisted the auto- mobile out of the hold and the truck which carried it across the wharf, the whole operation with this bulky piece of machinery was performed by hand, Some years ago an American suf- fering from paralysis invented the ricksha. Its use has spread through he commercial centers of China. Two light wheels; a body strong enough to carry the weight of a man; two poles stretched out in front far enough to permit a man to run, with- out striking the vehicle behind him; pneumatic tires, so that the pas- senger will not feel the bumps in An Article by Lenin An hitherto unpublished arti Presidential elections of 1912. . cast for Debs at the time. In the February Order WORKERS LIBRA Elections in the U. S. economic and political factors that resulted in 800,000 votes being Articles by Wicks, Lovestone, Foster, Dunne, Wolfe “COMMUNIST” 89 East 125th Street, New York City, on the Presidential cle by Lenin dealing with the A crystal-clear analysis of the from: RY PUBLISHERS hooks and bundles of grain, the Chi-, |nes. city workers must handle the | the heavy raw products and the buis| commodities which industrializativi. | than horses, the physical burdens o. | Last summer our ship sailed uj | the Yangtse River toward Shanghai. | where Japanese coal was being trans- |: carried were big baskets which hei. | From tne | ovuuil NibAninG. the Chinese roads, a top which can be lifted in bad weather,—that is the ricksha. It is not hard to pull—for a few hundred yards. But the Chi- nese ricksha coolie leaves his home at daybreak and for twelve or four- een or sixteen hours, in all kinds of weather, and along roads and streets many of which are so rough as to make automobile traffic impossible, he goes at a jog trot, sweating in the heat, drenched to the skin in the storms, sometimes barefoot, some- times with sandals. In other coun- tries passengers are pulled by mules, horses, donkeys. In China, they are pulled by men. A ricksha has two wheels. There- fore it requires the semblance of a road. But in the back country, away from the commercial centers where there are no roads, passengers must ride either in a sedan chair or on a wheel-barrow which can accommodate itself to a foot-path. I went into Tientsin on a Sunday morning. The streets along the river banks were filled with traffic. Cot- ton, wheat, corn and other com- modities were being loaded and un- loaded. : Mules and Men. The river was low. The cotton- barges lay perhaps twenty or twenty- five feet beneath the level of the surrounding country. From the barge to the shore there was a plank. A coolie would cross this plank, stoop down while two companions lifted a bale of cotton to his shoulders and then straightening up he would re- cross the plank, mount the hill, thread his way through the traftic to the cotton exchange and there de- posit his load. When the cotton was bought, it was loaded on a cart, to which a man and a horse or mule were hitched, side by side. Sometimes two horses were hitched, side by side. Some times two horses were hitched tahdem fashion wich one man pulling beside them and another pushing behind the cart. The morning that I reached Tient- sin, a big box of machinery was be- ing transferred from the dock where it had arrived along the river street .o its destination in the city. The street was of asphalt, but rough with deep ruts. The machine was mounted on a heavy truck with wheels that were not more than 15 inches in diameter. The wheels were so low that when they slipped into a rut the bed of the truck scraped along the pavement. It was then necessary to ack it up, slip pieces of sheet iron under; the wheels and get it started again. Chalking Men. The foreman in charge of this moving operation had mustered a vane of laborers. As each man came JEWISH SOVIET COLONY TO BE STARTED SOON Rich Region in Siberia Will Be Site MOSCOW, March 2.—Plans are be- ing made here for an autonomous Jewish Soviet Republic in Far Eastern Sioeria. More than a million coloni- zers are expected to participate in | the scheme within a short time. A thousand Jewish families are ex- |pected to leave for the Birsk-Beyd- ink district, on the Amur River, |oarly in May, it is stated. The land |'n the district is extremely rich. Three | ‘epresentatives of ‘“Gezard,” the sh colonization committee here, ill leave immediately to make ar- ‘angements for the colonizers. The site for the colony was chosen '5y a committee appointed by the Jovernment of the Soviet Union after a long study of available sites. In addition to possessing rich farming lands, the region is also believed to be rich in copper, gold, lead and other minerals. The new colony will not interfere in any way with any of the other Jewish colonies which have already been started. USSR HAS SMALL MILITARY BUDGET MOSCOW, March 2.—The Soviet government will spend only 12 per cent of this year’s budget for mili- tary purposes—less than any other government of a large country in the world, it was stated today by Soviet Union officials. They declared that analysis of the budget. sheet con- firms this statement. As approved by the Council of Peo- ples’ Commissars and submitted, to the Central Executive Committee for final action, the budget estimates a surplus of 500,000,000 roubles, part of which is to go into the famine fund for relief in times of bad harvests. 2 * MOSCOW, March 2.—Approximate- ly 2,000 women are enrolled in the Soviet Union standing army. In ad- dition to these women soldiers many others are receiving military training. Women, bearing rifles upon their shoulders, marched with the men in the great military parade celebrating the tenth anniversary of the founding of the Red Army. up the foreman made a chalk mari. on his back and assigned him to his place in one of the lines. Ropes had been fastened to the truck. They ex- tended in front of it for perhaps r hundred feet. Along these ropes th men ranged themselves,—167 in all. When the truck was ready to move the foreman began shouting to his men, waving the club that he carried, and urging them on to greater ef- forts. Sometimes they would succeed in making a hundred yards at a ‘single pull. At other times their | united efforts failed to move the truck. |an inch, For nearly two hours I watchec this performance. During that tim: the machine was moved less thar half a mile. To me the whole per- formance symbolized the struggle which is now taking place in China. —the West importing its industria devices, and the Chinese unequipped |for industrialization, working like horses to get the mechanical device into their places. WORKERS Apply for service at one DOWNTOWN Progressive Workers’ Club, 60 St. Marks Pl. Jewish Workers’ Club, 35 — 2nd St. Relief Headquarters, 799 Broadway, Room 236, Progressive Labor Center, 103 East 14th St. 108 E. 14th St. , Plumbers’ Helper’, 136 E. 24th St. Workers’ Club, 10i W, 27th St. HARLEM Hungarian Workers’ Club, 350 B, 8ist St. 143 EB. 103rd St. Unity Cooperative House, 1800 — 7th Ave. Binnish Workers’ Club, 15 W. 126 St. American Negro Labor Congress, 200 W. 135th St. Room 211, BRONX Jewish Workers’ Club, 1472 Boston oad. Women’s Council, 1420 Boston Road. Bakers’ Union, 1570 Webster Ave, 2075 Clinton Ave, VOLUNTEER Special Collection Drive Miners’ Friday, Saturday, Sunday, March 2-3-4th Help keep half a million men, women and children from starvation. PennOhio-Colo. Miners’ Relief Committee 799 BROADWAY, Rooms 236, 237. r Relief of the following stations: West Bronx Jewish Workers’ Club, 1622 Bathgate Ave. Cooperative House, 2700 Bronx Park East. 715 EB. 138th St. 1668 Vyse Ave, BROOKLYN East New York Workers’ Club, 604 utter Ave. 557 Hopkinson Ave. Workers’ Center, 1689 Pitkin Ave, 844 Pitkin Ave. 164 — 40th St. 940 Benson Ave. 22 Osborne St. 29 Graham Ave. 6 Ten kiyck St. Workers’ School, 1373 — 43rd St. 1111 Rutland Road. 063 Stone Ave. LONG ISLAND 1 Fulton Ave., Middle Village. CONEY ISLAND 2901 Mermaid Ave. BRIGHTON 227 Brighton Beach Ave. Stuyvesant 8881. MANAGUA, Nicaragua, March 2.—Gen. Augustino Sandino’s national- ist forces which ambushed a detachment of United States marines on the Yalicondega trail on Monday, killing five and wounding nine, has escaped into the jungle and the pursuing ma-® rines have so far been unable to es. tablish a contact with them, accord- ing to word received today from Jino | tega. | It is believed that the Nationalists | got away before the marines could inflict any casualties upon them. ne “While we regret the loss of the young American boys sacrificed bj Wall Street and Washington in the war against Nicaragua, we canno‘ nelp but rejoice at this fresh evidence of the striking power and determina tion of the National Liberation arm: under General Augustino Sandino,” said Manuel Gomez, secretary of the United States section of the All America Anti-Imperialist League in a statement today on yesterday’s bat tle in Nicaragua, As Gomez pointed out, this is thy second largest battle since the worl? war, engaged in by American forces “It completely shatters the fiction of the ‘peace’ established by Colone’| Henry L. Stimson, Coolidge’s personal | tcpresentative in Nicaragua. “The story in today’s papers shows how American boys are being slaught- ered but does not take into consid- eration the hundreds of Nicaraguans who have been slain. The All-Amer- ica Anti-Imperialist League is glad that the lie has been given to the re- ports that Sandino has given up the struggle and has fled from the field. This battle proves that Sandino is still able to deal hard blows. “American workers shot down in Colorado and Pennsylvania by United States militia should rejoice with San- dino also. “We can fight with Sandino and not against him by contributing to the Sandino medical supply campaign which is being carried on by the league.” SAMOANS JAILED FOR BOYCOTTING APIA, British Samoa, March 2. — For leading the boycott against for- eign goods, four hundred members of the native nationalist society, Mau were sentenced to terms of six months imprisonment. The arrests followed the arrival of two battle eruisers from New Zealand. The Mau has been steadily pro- testing against the foreign adminis- tration and has been agitating for the independence of British Samoa. It patrolled stores owned by British subjects in order to enforce the boy- cott. Health Foods Are “Supervises” Elections Wall has engadier General Street agent McUoy, in Nicaragua, opened an office in Managua, Nica- ragua, for the purpose of outlining plans for the “supervision” of the elections in October. Wall Street will back General Moncada, who sold out the Liberal forces to Col. Stim- son last year. Driver Is Hurt JERSEY CITY, N. J., March 2.—| George Lorence, 55, a wagon driver for the Hills Bros. Bread Co., suf- fered the fracture of several ribs and injury to his back and side yesterday when the wagon he was driving was struck by an auto. SANDINO ELUDES MARINES pQWERS CONTINUE Nationalists Disappear After New Attack TQ SFLL ARMS T0 CHINA WAR LORDS Refuse to Tighten 1919 Embargo Pact PEKING, March 2.—Despite belfef in diplomatic circles that an interna- tional effort may be made to renew and tighten the 1919 arms embargo convention, it was admitted today that Several of the most powerful of the signatories have little sympathy with the agree- ment and may refuse to join a new convention. Japan is willing to join a new pact, ‘Sf all nations sign it” and pledge themselves “to make it effective,” but such a development seems highly un- likely. One Chinese army is equipped with French airplanes. When the question is raised, as it has been, the French authorities say that there is nothing to prevent French citizens from sel ing French commercial planes to the Chinese. However, these machines can be converted into use as bombers manned by military pilots. At one time 30 Northern Chinese officers were sent to French aviation schools “serious obstacles” exist. |to learn military flying and the use of commercial planes. China stands alone today as the one big market for surplus war ma- terials which remained after the great conflict. Not only the armies. but the secret societies and the bandit gangs are armed with foreign rifles and pistols. Concert and Mass Meeting Working Women! Come to the International Women’s Day Celebration at CENTRAL OPERA HOUSE 67th Street and 8rd Avenue Sunday, March 4, at 2 p.m. AINO SAARI, Soprano Always in Season But this time is the ideal one to begin to eat our NATURAL, UN- ED and MOST NOUR- E food products, We de- liver to your door, postage free, at most moderate prices, all our products. Send $1 for Box of Assorted Samples. Catalog sent free on request. Health Foods Distributors WEST NORWOOD, N. J. Tel. Closter 211, NEW YORK OFFICE: 247 Washington Street Phone Barclay 0799. | (indorsed by Milo Hastings.) i are being paid REGINA MEDIM Guaranteed dividends Build the Cooperative Movement Keep Your Savings in a Cooperative Institution THE MERS NSeponal al | Subsidiary of the United Workers Cooperative Association G% Deposit your savings on gold bonds secured by the second mortgage of the second block. of houses of the Cooperative Workers Colony or on preferred stock shares for the purpose of financing the cooperative stores of the Colony. Office: 69 — 5th AVENUE, Corner 14th St. TELEPHONE ALGONQUIN 6900. VALENTINE RIGHTHAND, Pianist CONCERT—FANNY LEVINE, Violinist GENEVIEVE TAGGART, poetess, will recite ELLEN KENNAN will read DANCES by DORSHA’ Speakers: ROSE WORTIS, Cloak and Dressmakers Union ELLEN DAWSON, Passaic Textile Workers Union MARION EMERSON, International Workers’ Aid RAY RAGOZIN, Women’s Conference for Miners’ Relief ROBERT MINOR, Editor, Daily Worker MIRIAM SILVERFARB, Young Workers League JULIET STUART POYNTZ, Chairman Admission 25c. Working Women! from the first day of deposit. NEW YORK, N. Y.