The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 17, 1928, Page 3

i" | HALT PROTESTS THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JANUARY 17, 1928 Page Three Coolidge Dodges Nicaragua Issue in Speech at Pan-American Conference MAINTAIN HEAVY ARMED GUARD TO I Flowery Speeches Mark Day’s Session (Continued from Page One) asserting that the western hemisphere | has not failed in the service that it | seemed destined to render to human- | ity. Progress does not go forward in a straight line. It is a succession of | waves. We cannot always ride on their crest, but among our republics the main tide of human advancement has been steadily rising. The people | have taken charge of their own af-| fiirs. In spite of some temporary discouragements, they have on the whole been successful., The fertility of a virgin soil, a wealth of mineral deposits, an abundance of watér pow- er, a multitude of navigable rivers, all at the command of a resourceful people, have produced a material prosperity greater in amount and more widely distributed than ever be- fore fell to the lot of the human race. “Sovereignty of Small Nations.” The arts and sciences have flourished, the advantages of education are wide- spread, devotion to religion is mark- | ed by its sincerity. The spirit of liberty is universal. A determination to adjust differences among our- | selves, not by a resort to force, but by the application of the principles of justice and equity, is one of our strongest characteristics. The sover- eignty of small nations is respected. It is for the purpose of giving strong- er guaranties to these -principles, of inereasing the amount and extendin~ the breadth of these blessings, that this conference has been assembled. .. . Will Stand Alone. “Tt is a heavy responsibility which rests upon the people and the gov- ernments represented at this confer- ence. Unto them has been given a new land, free from the traditional jealousies and hatreds of the Old. World, where the people might come | into the fullest state of development. It is among the republics of this hemisphere that the principle of hu- man rights has had it, broadest ap- | plication; where political freedom | and economic opportunity have made | their greatest advance. Our. most sacred trust has been, and is, the es- tablishment and expansion of the spirit of democracy. No doubt we shall make some false starts and ex- perience some disappointing reac- tions. But we have put our confi- dence in the ultimate wisdom of the peoyle. We believe we can rely on their intelligence, their honesty, and their character, We are thoroughly zommitted to the: principle that they are better fitted to govern them-| selves than anyone else ig to govern them. We do not claim immediate perfection. But we do expect con- tinual progress. Our history reveals that in such expectation we have not been disappointed. It is better for | the people to make their own mis- takes than to have some one else! make their mistakes for them. | Peace Through War. “Next to our attachment to the | principle of self-government has been our attachment to the policy of peace. When the republics of the western hemisphere gained their independence, | they were compelle} to fight for it. They have always been a brave, reso- lute, and determined pecple, willing | to make any sacrifices to defend what they betieved to be their rights. But | when once their rights Fave been se- cured, they have been almost equally | solicitous to respect the rights of | others. Their chief efforts have been | devoted to the arts of peace. They j have never come under the delusion | of military grandeur. Nowhere among these republics have great military establishments ever been maintained | for the purpose of overawing or sub- | jugating other nations. We have all novrished a commendable sentiment of moderate preparation for national defense, believing that for a nation to be unreasonably neglectful of the military art, even if it did not invite and cause such aggression as to result either in war or in abject humiliation, it must finally lead to a disastrous disintegration of the very moral fiber of the nation. . . . “Democracies Peace Loving.” “We have kept the peace so large- ly emong our republics becauye demo- cracies are peace-loving. They are. founded on the desire to promote the general welfare of the people, which | is seldom accomplished by wavsare. In addition to this we have adopted a spirit of accommodation, good will, confidence, and mutual helpfulness, We have been slow to anger and plen- teous in mercy. When this attitude | prevails it is not difficult to find prac- | tical means of adjusting differences. | The statesmanship of the southern | American republics has shown a pe- | culiar skill and aptitude in this field. | It began with mutual consultation. . “Divine Providence” Bunk | “If you are to approximate your past successes, it will be because you do not hesitate to meet facts square- ly, We must consider not only our) strength but our weaknesses. We | must give thought not only to our excellence but to our defects. The attitude of the open mind must pre- vail. Most of all, you.must-be' guid- ! }imight secure the advantages and | | ideals, enjoying the common blessings | would do much to promote mutual | knowledge and understanding. -What ; happens in this hemisphere igs of more | vital interest to all of us than what ‘entire nineteenth century intercourse | between the American republics was ‘Shipping facilities from the United Tool Greets Coolidge t } Dr. Raphael Martinez Ortiz, Cub- | an secretary of state, greeted Cool- | idge when the U. S. S. Texas | stéamed into Havana bringing | Coolidge to the Pan-American Con- ference. i U.S. OFFICIALS AlD WAR LORDS MANILA, Jan. 16.—In spite of the protest of Chinese groups here, the United States officials will permit the Czechoslovak- ian steamer Praga to leave for Chin Wang Tao with a cargo of 90,000 rifles for Chang | Tso-lin, Manchur- ian war-lord. Chinese nation- alists here protest- ed against the clearanee of the Praga, claiming that the shipment of guns, was in violation of United States neutrality. The United States customs officials ignored the protest. Chang Tso-lin War-lord ed by patience, tolerance, and char- ity, judging your sister nations not enly by their accomplishments, but also by their aspirations. A Divine Providence has made us a neighbor- hood of republics. It is impossible to suppose that it was for the pur- pose of making us hostile to each other, but from time to time to re- yeal to us the methods by which we blessings of enduring friendship. . . .| Warning to League of Nations. “The existence of this Conference, held for the consideration of mea- sures of purely American concern, | involves no antagonism toward any other section of the world or any | other organization. It means that the | independent’ republics of the western hemisphere, animated by the same of freedom and peace, realize that | there are many matters of mutual in-'! terest and importance which can best be investigated and resolved through the medium of such friendly contact and negotiation as is necessary for cooperative action. ... Wants Servile Press. “In this great work of furthering inter-American understanding, a large responsibility rests upon the press of all countries. In our present stage of civilization, knowledge of foreign peo- ple is almost wholly supplied from that source. By misinterpreting facts, or by carelessness in presenting them in their true light, much damage can be done. While great progress has been made toward the publication of fuller information and unbiased views, a better exchange of news. service} happens across any of the oceans: Wants Military Highways. “An increase of information de- pends largely on an increase in the means of communication. During the exceedingly difficult, and this isola- tion proved a serious obstacle to closer | understanding. The twentieth cen-| ‘tury, however, and especially the last | 10 years have witnessed astonishing | changes in this respect. Transporta- | tion by water has become rapid, com-! fortable, and relatively inexpensive. | States have been largely improved. Our government is greatly interested) in increasing their efficiency. Rail- way lines have been extended so that it will soon be possible to travel with practically ‘no interruption from the northern border of the United States to the southern border of El Salva- dor, and in South America from Peru to Patagonia. During very recent years every government of this. hem- isphere has been giving special atten- tion to the building of highways, partly with a view to establishing feeders to the railway lines, but also to provide great arteries of inter- American communication for motor transport. On the wall of my office hangs a map showing proposed high- ways connecting the principal points. of our two continent NEW OIL CLASH | sion in closer cultural and commer- LOOMS IN EAST; HIT DETERDING Standard Oil Defends Purchases From USSR | After a long silence, the Standard Oil Company of New York answered the attack directed against it several s ago by the Royal Dutch Shell h oil) Company and defended its policy of purchasing oil from the Soviet Union. The Standard’s state- ment revealed that an oil war between British and American interests is be- ing waged in India. The Standard Oil Company cited figures to show that Sir Henri Det- erding’s righteous indignation at the Standard’s purchases from the Soviet Union was motivated by purely busi- ness reasons and that the Royal Dutch Shell, which Deterding headed, has actually purchased large quanti- ties of Soviet oil itself. Deterding was implicated several months ago in an incernational forg- ery plot to depreciate Soviet Union currency. He has been repeatedly | charged with subsidizing White| Guardist plots in the U. S. S. R. | Answer Forger. In answer to Deterding’s charges that U. S. S. R. oil was “stolen oil,” the Standard Oil Company said: | “That the considerations dictating! the policy of the Royal Dutch-Shell Co. were of a purely business charac- ter rather than having to do with any other phase of the subject, and that the Royal Dutch-Shell interests were quite prepared to handle and sell Rus- sian oil when, as, and if they could obtain that oil on terms satisfactory | to themselves, is indicated by the fact that the Asiatic Petroleum Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of the Royal Dutch-Shell Co., imported the following quantities of Russian kerosene oil into India and Ceylon: During 1923 over 8,460,000 imperial gallons. During 1924 over 10,690,000 imper- ial gallons. During 1925 over 4,730,000 imperial gallons, Enemy of a ‘vomiGHARGE HUNGARY Sir Henri Deterding, head of the Royal Dutch Shell, who is leading the Tory drive against the U. 8. 8. R. and who was implicated in an international forgery plot to depre- ciate the value of U. S. S. R. cur- rency. BUILD FACTORIES IN SOVIET UNION MOSCOW, (By Mail).—The pro- | gramme of industrial development in the U. 8S. S. R. for 1927-28 is now being ratified by the Supreme Eco- nomic Council. The construction of 84 new enterprises in ten of the main industries will begin this year. The value of the factories, works, mines, lumber mills, wharfs, etc., the con- struction of which began this year, is estimated at 552 million roubles. Work will continue this year on the 40 factories, the construction of which began in former years. The new factories will give employment to 200,000 unemployed. The largest number of new fac- tories this year will be built in the metallurgical industry. Of the 20 big plants to be built, ten will begin to operate at the end or in the middle of this year. ee “I am asking the United States Congress to authorize sending engi- neering advisers, the same as we send military and naval advisers, when re- quested by other countries, to assist in road building. These gratifying changes are about to be supplemented by the establishment of aviation routes, primarily for the transporta- tion of mails, which will afford to our republics a channel of interchange which will find its ultimate expres- cial ties and in better mutual com- prehension. Our éongress also has under consideration proposals for supporting such air routes. Citizens of the United States are considering installing them... . “In the domain of commercial re- lations, the last few years have wit- nessed an extraordinary strengthen- ing of the economic ties binding to- gether our republics. In both agri- cultural and industrial production the countries of America are now com- plementing one another to an unusual degree, resulting in an increasing ex- change of commodites. .. . Praises Imperialist Tool. “In this work of inter-American co- operation, an important part has been played by the Pan American Union. It stands as the permanent organ of these conferences. This international organization has labored unceasingly to give effect to the treaties and reso- lutions adopted by the successive con- ferences. Its scope of ugefulness is constantly being enlarged and its abil- ity to serve the American republics is strengthened with each year that passes. | “In the area of political relations the results have been no less gratify- ing and even more significant. It is New Imperialist Aid Stanley K. Hornbeck, a lectur- er on the history of Far East at Harvard University, has been ap- pointed chief of the division of Far Eastern Affairs of the State Department. United States cap- italism has been growing more and more interested in Far East- ern booty, | almost impossible fully to appreciate the remarkable record achieved by the republics of America in the settlement of the differences that have arisen among them. Because of ill-defined boundaries of the sparsely settled po- litical subdivisions of the old Spanish colonial empire, the independent states of America carved out of it, fell heir to a large number of terri-+ torial disputes which, in many cases, were of an exceedingly delicate and difficult nature... . Calls Tyranny “Reign of Law.” “It is a high example that we have set for the world in resolving inter- national differences without resort to force. If these conferences mean anything, they mean the bringing of all our people more definitely and more completely under the reign of law. After all, it is in that direction that we must look with the greatest assurance for human progress. We can make no advance in the realm of economics, we can do nothing for education, we can accomplish but little even in the sphere of religion, until human affairs are brought within the orderly rule of law. The surest refuge of the weak and the oppressed is in the law. It is preeminently the shield of small nations. . . . The Rule of Gola. “While the law is necessary for the proper guidance of human action, and will always remain the source of free- dom and liberty and the ultimate guar- anty of all our rights, there is another element in our experience which must always be taken into consideration. We read that “The letter killeth but the spirit giveth life.” Oftentimes in our international relationship we shal] have to realize that the highest law is consideration, cooperation, friend- ship, and charity. Without the ap- plication of these there can be no peace and no progress, no liberty, and no republic. These are the attributes that raise human relationships out of the realm of the mechanical, above the realm of animal existence, into the loftier sphere that borders on the Divine. If we are to experience a new era in our affairs, it will be because the world recognizes and lives in ac- cordance with this spirit, Its most complete expression is the Golden Rule. “Justice and Truth.” “The light which Columbus followed has not failed. The courage that carried him on still lives. They are the heritage of the people of Bolivar and of Washington. We must lay our voyage of exploration toward com- plete understanding and friendship Having taken that course, we must ) not be turned aside by the fears of the timid, the counsels of the ignor- ant, or the designs of the malevolent. With law and charity as our guides, with that ancient faith which is only strengthened when it requires sacri- fices, we shall anchor at last in the harbor of justice and truth. The same Pilot which stood by the side of the Great Discoverer, and the same Wis- dom which instructed the founding fathers of our republics, will continue to abide with us.” “ WITH PILING UP STORES OF ARMS Spy Reveals Smuggling! Over Border VIENNA, Jan. 16.—Charges that} | Hungary is piling up huge stores of | | arms and ammunition, most of which | ; are smuggled across the border from} | Italy, are made by Laudislaus Vattay, | | professional who is now being{ }held in jail in the Czecho-slovakian | town of Bratislava. Vattay summoned the editor of | Reggel,” a Hungarian newspaper in | Bratislava, to his cell when he heard ‘of the recent shipment of arms into| | Hungary from fascist Italy, and re- | vealed that arms shipments-ostensibly | | addressed to other countries were held} up and unloaded by Hunga: Artificial caves in various sections | of Hungary hide large stores of muni- | tions and even armored cars, Vattay| said. Large stores of arms are being | | distributed among reliable farmers of | | Kesckemet and Czegled, he said. | The arms are usually smuggled in| freight trains, labelled vegetables and } consigned to a point in Rumania, Vat- | tay charged, | Number of Jobless in Germany on Increase BERLIN, Jan. 16.—There are more than 1,400,000 unemployed workers in Germany, statistics issued yesterday reveal. The number of jobless work- | ers has been increased a million since | October, while the increase for the | A | | as indicating a slackening in in- dustry, that cannot be aseribed to seasonal influence. | Czar of Philippines - , is Henry Stimson, new governor- general of the Philippines, an- nounced Saturday that he would | continue General Woed’s policies in the islands. Opposition Leaders Expelled in France PARIS, Jan. 16.—Marcel Treinte ers, were expelled from the French Communist Party yesterday by the Central Executive Committee. They | were charged with actions hostile to | the French Communist Party and the Communist International. LONDON, Jan. 16.—With the same sh novelist, were laid to rest this afternoon beside the grave of Charles Dickens in the Westminster Abbey. MEXICO STARTS — DRIVE AGAINST REACTIONARIES Mobilizes 10,000 Troops for New Campaign MEXICO CITY, 1 The war office announces the mobilization of an army of 10,000 for the suppres- sion of the counter lution in the states of Jalisco, Michoacan, Duran- go and Guanajua which are the strongholds of the Catholic Chur¢h in Me ico s army will be used for an inten- sive drive against the reactionaries d will be split into smaller groups. The plan is for the federals to occupy the reactionaries have reactionaries in the state of » are estimated at 10,000 and re reported to have established governments of their own in many <ing over municipal ad- ministration and collecting local rev- enue. General Amaro, Secretary of War has left for Colima, where he will take charge of the campaign against |the reactionaries. He was accompan- lied by General Jose Alvarez, chief of | the presidential staff. | | and Suzanne Gerault, opposition lead- | French Communists to " Hold Election Rallies | PARIS, Jan. 16.—A series of huge lelection rallies has been announced by L’Humanite, official organ of the {French Communist Party. L’Human- lite urges that the election demonstra- same period last year totalled 440,000. | simplicity that marked his life, the |tions be as large as those protesting Economists point to these figures | ashes of Thomas Hardy, famous Eng- jthe execution of Sacco and Vanzetti. | The Communist Party will be handi- | capped in the elections this spring by the new electoral system power MANHATTAN Jimmie Higgins Bookshop, 106 University Place. Co-operative Restaurant, 30 Union Square. Selig’s Restaurant, ond Avenue. unity 1800 Seventh Ave. Sollins Dining Room, 216 B. 14th St. 81. Past 110th St. 250 BE, 81 St. 101 W. 27 St. 76 See- Co-operative House, Lenin Memo LENIN SAID: of Capitalism. Doors Open 6 P. M. Symphony Orchestra. BRONX Co-operative House; Bronx Park Bast. Women's Council Cloakmak- ers, 1420 Boston Road. 2075 Clinton Avenue. BROOKLYN 764 — 40th Street. Max Snow Drugstore, 43 — 18th Ave. 2700 CONBY ISLAND 2901 Brighton Beach Ave, rial Meeting We cannot wriggle out of an im- perialistic war, we cannot have a democratic peace, but only a peace by violence, until we overthrow the Madison Sq. Garden Saturday Jan. 21 Mass Revolutionary Pageant—1,000 in Cast—Proletarian Ballet—Freiheit Singing Society—200 Voices—New York Speakers: JAY LOVESTONE—P. T. LAU—WM. Z. FOSTER ROBERT MINOR—M. J. OLGIN—JOHN WILLIAM W. WEINSTONE, ,Chairman. WILLIAMSON. TICKETS MAY BE OBTAINED AT: 1 Pulton Ave,, Middle Village STATEN ISLAND Mass Drygoods Store, Castleton Ave. 1060 PATERSON, N. J. S. Lieb, 104 Fair St., Paterson 2 Montgomery St, PASSAIC, N. J. Workers Club, 27 Dayton Ay,