The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 26, 1927, Page 4

Page Four THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1927 “KARL MARX~-MAN, THINKER AND REVOLUTIONIST” VITAL ADDITION TO REVOLUTIONARY LITERATURE An unusual book in which the] by Lenin, which is the longest in the founder of Scientific Communism and| series and which is written in the} the organizer of the First Labor In-|light of the experiences of the 1905 | ternational is depicted from various] revolution, analyzes in detail Marx’ angles has just been issued by Inter-| contribution to philosophy, histor national Publishers, 381 Fourth ares tactics of the class strug- ue, New York City. gle and the organization of the revo- Although the ideas which Karl | lutionary move.nent. Riazonov also Mayx has promulgated and the| includes a review by Lenin of Hynd-} literary heritage which he left be- | man’s discussion of Marx in his hind are now influencing millions of | Memoirs. An interesting article on “Darwin | people in all parts of the world, notj by the great Russian Dar- encugh is known of Marx, the man | and Marx,” s Da and the doer of things. It remained} winian scholar, Professor K. Timi for D. Riazanov, the foremost living | jasev, is included in the series. Paul — historian, whose book “Karl|Lafargue, Marx’s son-in-law and his rx and Friedrich Engels,” was re- | friend writes an intimate article re- cently brought out by the same In-|vealing things about Marx which are | ternational Publishers, to gather in|not generally known. The German} a volume various bits of writings| worker, Friedrich Lessner, who par-| which deal with Marx, but which have ticipated in the revolutionary move- | hitherto been little known and none of/ment in Germany and joined Marx in| them available in the English|exile in London in 1856 writes his language. The present collection in-| impressions of Marx as he knew him. eludes writings of some of the most} Two articles by Wilhelm Liebknecht, outstanding co-workers and disciptes | co-founder with August Bebel of the | (A Worker-Mother Speaks to American Women) OR several months I have carried on a cprrespond- ence with some intimate friends of mine in Russia on the subject of the New Women in this country and the Soviet Union. The wife, who is an able kinder- garten teacher in a children’s home in Moscow has herself became a mother recently, and in response to my questions, the following came as her reply.—E. H. The Daily Worker commends the following letter from a teacher in Soviet Union schools, who is also a mother, to the especial attention of our woman readers. It appears to us to be one of the most powerful replies to both the pure reactionaries and the feminists that we have read. - The queston: ‘‘What becomes of the home, the children and family life under a revolutionary govern- ment ?,” the question which obsesses many well-meaning persons and upon which many sections of clerical-capitalist reaction bases its whole case, dealt with clearly—from the basis of the concrete conditions which prevail in the Soviet Union.—Editor’s Note. . * * * The Modern Woman of America and USSR of Marx. The first of the articles is a bio-;With personal recollections. graphical study of Marx by one who} knew him best—his comrade in arms —Friedrich Engels. Following this is the translation of the letter which | Engels wrote to his and Marx friend, Sorge, in America, the day ‘after Marx died. After explaining Marx’s illness which caused his death, Engels makes the following observa- tion: “Be that as it may, mankind is shorter by a head, has lost the great- est head of our time. The proletarian movement will continue on its course, but we no longer have the central figure to whom the French, the Rus- sians, the Americans, and the Ger- mans spontaneously turned in de- cisive moments, and always received clear and irrefutable counsel such as nothing but genius and perfect knowl- edge could supply.” The book also contains the speech which Engels made at the graveyard in Highgate Cemetery, London, in which he analyzes Marx as revolu- tionist whose “name and works will live on through the ages.” Eleanor Marx, his youngest daugh- ter, contributes an appreciation of Marx, the man, giving her personal impressions of her father and his re- lations to other people and to his work. This was addressed partic- ularly to the British workers among whom Marx lived for about 40 years. Riasanov also includes in this collec- tion an article by Marx on the June Days (1848) which he particularly dedicated to the memory of the pro- letarian fighters during that revolu- tionary period. George Plechanov, the founder of Russian Marxism, contributed an an- alytical article evaluating Marx and his influence on Russia. This article was published in the “Iskra” om the occasion of the 20th anniversary of Marx’s death. The Marxian biographer Franz Mehring, and Rosa Luxemburg con- tribute two theoretical articles on Marx as a revolutionist, theoretician and strategist. Similarly the article dren” | German socialist movement, also deals One ar-| ticle is entitled “Marx and the Chi and the other “Sunday Outings on the Heath.” Riasanov concludes the series with | jhis own contribution on the Marx’s| so-called “Confessions.” He tells the story how he discovered a piece of paper upon which Marx had written his “Confessions” which were made at the request of his two daughters. Altogether this volume contains so much of biographical material about ; Marx Which is entirely new and the us contributions by Engels, Len- in, Plechand&, Luxemburg and others are indeed very appropriate at the present time. Communist Education in the Soviet Union Seer | By O. TANIN. | HEN the civil war was over, Com- munist education was given a prominent place ingghe system of the general education of the country. Hundreds and thousands of Com-- munists began to work energetically for their own intellectual develop- quire special knowledge and to get the necessary theoretical training. Some of the Communist institutions include the Sverdlov University, the Communist University of the Work- ers of the East, the Leningrad Com: munist University, the Red Profes- sors’ Institute, the State Institute of Journalism, Marxist courses attached to the Communist Academy and courses of Uyezd Party workers. The first five Communist univer- | sities are educational institutions con- stituting the so-called “preparation” group, from which students can graduate only after no less than three years study. The two latter Com-| munist universities belong to the “re- education” group which has a 12 and 12 months’ course. These seven Communist Univer- | sities do not constitute the entire net- | work of Comm t education in Més- jcow and Leningrad. They provide, The Sky's the Limit! You have no idea of the fun you will have read- ing these delightful sketches of ungediv dia- logues with God. Kead Heavenly Discourses By Chas. E. S. Wvod. Cloth, $.50 For serious reading on religion (and the best | kind of a gift to your re- ligious fellow worker) get: COMMUNISM vs. CHRISTIAN (New Bdition) Bishop Wm. M. Brown .28 PROFITS OF RELIGION Upton Sinclair Cloth, 50 | ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF | THE IDEA OF THE SOUL Paul Lafargue Cloth, .60 SOCIAL AND PHILOSOPHIC AL STUDIES Paul Lafargue Cloth, .60 GOD AND MY NEIGHBOR Robert Blatchford Cloth, $1.2 FOUNDATIONS OF CHRIS- TIANITY-—By Karl Kautsky Cloth, $4.00 Workers LIBRARY Pus- LISHERS, 39 E. 125th St. NEW YORK | comin; ja however ighty ma- al and Party coraposition of ee now what social groups were admitted to Communist univer- ; sities in the levies of the last three years. In regard to this we have the fol-|the articles on the modern woman, | | lowing figures: the total number of |motherhood and caree’ which you students admitted to these universi- sent me. t I confess, to us their ties in the period of three years is jpros and seemed somewhat 3,593 including 1,828 manuar work-jamusing. Brilliant as some of them ers, 1,115 peasants, 650 office work-|are, they don’t seem to touch the un- ers and others. The workers and /derlying causes of the invisible war peasants constitute 82 per cent of jof antagonism existing between the the 3,593 persons admitted in the |sexes. which those suc- | jlast three levies. these educational it institutions where ; s most difficult to regulate the so- cial composition is improving from year to year. other Communist universities. All this goes to show that the composi- | tion of Communist universities is be- Z gradually laborjzed, 1926 and 1927 1,897 students graduated from these universities and in their person the tion who are specialists in many j; branches of scientific knowledge. | | Among the graduates of these two | | years there were 950 manual work- jers, 673 peasants and 264 office | workers and others. | These graduates were sent to var- jioas parts of the Soviet Union to do practical work their various specialities. workers proved most useful in the na- tional au agricultural districts of the U.S R. where qualified scientific forces. “ot this kind were very much needed, Some six years ago the Sverdlov University was the only institution which provided Communists with the necessary theoretical Marxist-Lenin- ist training. At present the net-work of Communist universities has con- siderably grown. Tuition in Communist universities is now on such a high level that it - R will serve for a long time to come as an inexhaustible source of experience for the working class of West Europe. ° “|myriad of Riazanov elaborates on these “Con- fessions,” explaining each of the preferences which Marx had ex-|® pressed. jance, | economic |of very little assistance to me, and | ment—they did their utmost to ac- jyou know what a proud individual N. lis. (TRANSLATED By E. H.) AM bac competent or otherwise, performing on my job after a four|the manifold duties of homemaker months’ leave at last, and both |and mother, often to the disaster of baby and I are doing well, Now in|the children (she presents the greater resuming our long interrupted dis- |Problem); then there is the woman |cussion on motherhood and/careers, I) Working outside her home not by shall at first attempt to answer the |Choice, but by sheer force of poverty personal questions. You were sur-|¢ither through widowhood, desertion, prised and wanted to know if our/|0¥ illness of the male member of the little arrival was only one of the family. That woman’s home and accidents that befall our |children remain sadly neglected, and blind humanity in the daily exist-|lthough nominally self supporting, ance, or if he was invited, what pro- | she is often forced to resort to charit- visions we have made for his well /#ble institutions fer the care of her Well, decidedly, he was in- |Young, which at best are a humilia- hed long been eontem-|tion to her, and thus her work. and absence from home, a being. vited ot plated—for to use your own phrase— | enforced the tree can never be so beautiful | tragedy. and complete unless its fruit grows | Individual Revolt. forth to adorn and perpetuate it. And now comes the new, and by The Question Me Moral Right. |no means new (the exceptional and You quest moral right to|the highly individual woman has al- a another little ele into these | ways existed), the so-cailed modern hard, unsettled and impoverished |woman in revolt but seemingly not days of our present Russian exist-j|in revolt based on a general principle particularly .our own narrow |against the ornamental, the sex bar- aits, since N. could be | ter, the house drudgery and industri- ally exploited positions of woman,— in that you are partially right. The |rather it is a revolt against her own peculiar position in which he found | particular environment. And what himself because of his political dif-|does she do about it? Fighting her ferences, and his failure to adjust battles single handed and emancipat- himself to new conditions have rend-|ing herself through sheer force of ered him economically almost help-|circumstances? That cannot carry less. He has never been able to sup- ‘her far, port me, least of all with child, and; Content with her political fran- chise? Freedom to vote as yet spells Yet, even though our love and no freedom any more for menen as jcompanionship meant a great deal to |it does for man; denying herself the us, I did not wish to be denied my |love life and functions of mother- right to motherhood because of his | hood? Man dees not have to sacri inability to provide for us. Mother-| that part of his life. Imiteting man kood has always been my highest |and competing with him in the vari- aimbition, a function with which na- | ous fiekls of endeaver, thet only in- tare has endowed me and not to be |¢creases his antagonism and drives rejected if I were to find complete back the hope for a joyful unity and ice | A new research laboratory has been started at the Woman's Medical College, Philadelphia, to discover the real causes of tooth decay. Dr. Coletta A. Bennett, Dr. Dorothy E. Bateman, and Dr. Cecilia Riegel, shown above, constitute the staff. They no longer believe that sweets, lime, or insufficient exercise in chewing are the fundamental causesh changing. “The child is transferred to pendence and domestic obscurity once | the Doshkolni (Pre-school Center) {danger was over,—lest we slump where in a similar manner it is being eared for; from there it is taken to kindergarten, and from kindergarten to school. Thus, with the exception of the four months interruption, the mother need not sacrifice her career, | nor need she fear that her children will be neglected by her absence from home, but on the contrary, is assured that under scientific and sympathetic | guidance her child is better off than under the loving but prevalent ignor- ant care of the average mother. Social, Not Individual. Of course, I do not mean-to paint you a picture of paradise, we are keenly aware of our limitations. We are aware, in fact, that you have been experimenting, and perhaps have institutions far superior to ours, bret the significance lies in the fact that instead of your isolated experiments | back when the day of our prosperity | has come, we spare no effort in erush- ing the bars, bringiug the woman to | the fore. A Colossal Task. Our task 'is colossal, In our ex-| neriments we are faced with the meagerness of our present resources, | and particularly with the backward- | ness of our own people, who after all, only a generation ago were three hundred years behind their time. But | with surprising agility even the peas- ant woman forces her way to the, light of the new day, looking about | seeling, asking, learning, con- | suming with a greedy passion the full meaning of her position, and takes | an active patt in the political and! economic regeneration of her country. The change thus has come. We AT THE AWAKEN In sleep a giant inflated his chest, And the insects that romped about on his breast Heard his deep rumblings and at one behest. Departed. H 5 But they soon returned, for the mon- ster had stirred— Had not arisen at all with the breath they had heard. They drugged him so he back to sleep was interred, And started G To gambol with glee on this hulk of a man, Whose muscles, while sleeping, eapi- tal could mann. Then Labor arose! tered and ran, Downhearted! —TRAAL THAISIS. How they seat- NOT MONEY OUGH FOR EARTHQUAKE. WASHINGTON, Nov. — It American cities are to be safeguarded against the earthquake danger more money must be appropriated by con- gress for exhaustive surveys of this phenomenon, Col. E. Lester Jones, head of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, declared in his annual report today. While earthquakes cannot be pre~ vented, coast survey experts believe that they may be forecasted as to time and place with reasonable accuracy: It is not possible, however, with thé present knowledge of these tremorsy to predict their- intensity, disregard the ago-d — serenpde— “Thou shall be the Empress of thé Kitchen, the Comrade of the Pots and Pans, and drudgery shall be thy re- stitution.” The New View. Instead, we hearken to the new call —to walk side by side with man, to |build together and share equally in the responsibility of creating a new foundation, a foundation that will ex- pand far beyond the narrow, the petty, the individual, the selfish little home; but that will be solid. enough upon which to erect lasting temples of mutual sympathy of understanding and cooperation not merely between the sexes, but nations, races as well, embracing all mankind in this great universe for centuries led astray, sponsored here and there by private | enterprise, we here are a part of the whole, a part of the gigantic program in our national scheme for the ad- vancement and improvement of living conditions. | National Organization. We have today a powerful and wide- \ spread organization of the “Protec- ‘tion of Maternity and Infancy,” an ‘organization originally created by the | government Department of Health, rial to give am ‘dea of the quantita- | | But it should be pointed out that | | the composition of students even in} We have the same picture in the } in accordance with | * These | reali on in life as a use of this human family. And so I have | undertaken with joy the responsibility | for his child and mine. Women, Motherhood and Liaw. that were it not for the Soviet laws governing women in Russia today, | neither I, nor sneer fF my et us of + erenier {would have been able to attain the jcherished dream of motherhood. But lin our country today a woman need jnot sacrifice a or her economic lindependence for motherhood, and in jthis we here have the advantage over our sisters in the world outside where the belief of “woman’s {place in the home” is still the battle- cons ‘ussion. tt But ‘Superficial, d deeply interested in esses they be) fought, | due to ge of cireum-, those women farted? mothe and of fewer still became Very f ew as | gomplete. The outstanding few, ho were able to combine motherhood with their careers, by virtue of their | |remunerative work, were able to en- | |gage competent persons for the care jof their young, or serid them to the |well appointed but exclusive kinder- | gartens, and therefore, offer no solu- state hasj|tion to the problems for the average | | workers of higher Communist educa- |working mother in her struggle to} maintain herself on a self-respecting jbasis of economic independence. More Categories. To us, then, your Moderns only }seem to add one more to the existing |different categories of womanhood in | relation to home and continuation of |the race as we see it. You have the woman in the rich! station of life, intelligent or other- | wise, whose home and children are leared for by hired help, whose own time is given largely to social and | philanthropic interests, to the fine arts, etc., whose position is often just ornamental and for most part useless. lem. The woman, intelligent or other- | wise, who voluntarily or not, legally or otherwise, justifies her existence in the world merely by gratifying | man’s sex desires; the woman in mod- | erate or modest circumstances. soci- ally and intellectually still backward, taking for granted her inferior status in the marriage partnership, and , member | But right here you must realize | which now brings | | jaway from ch their function in life was rather | Motherhood there presents no prob- | harmony of existence that can only come through cooperation and under- | standing. Not. Imitation Put Equality. | We here, in asserting our right to equality, make no attempt to compete with or imitate man, we only demand our right to thoroughly and com- pletely be ourselves as we can and wish to be and not as we were through the ages patterned to be. That is what the revolution gave us. We are called upon to stand shoulder houlder with man in the recon- struction of our country and take our place where we can fit in best. But since the nature of our sex in its normal function frequently involves the complications of maternity if we are interested, we rightiv should be, in the continuation of the race, conditions then must be so created as to meet those problems accordingly. The Care of Children. I find in one of the articles you jsent me, in which the writer, while | strongly defending the necessity for [the 1 the home. suggests, | however, that if the mother is really | ambitious, she may return to her job |when the child is two or three years old and can be placed in the kinder- igarten. Well, if we admit that a jchild can be safe in kindergarten its mother during her | working hours, why not assume that it can be equally well cared for in its earlier periods in well appointed tenes And this is just what we are doing. In all industrial, commercial and pro- jfessional centers where women are | employed, Yaslis (nurseries) are established under a trained medical |staff to care for infants from two jmonths to three years. From the irst stages of pregnancy the woman is in frequent touch with the consult- ling stations, receiving prenatal care. After the seventh month she is re- |leased from work for four months on full maintenance. Two months after childbirth if mother and infant are doing well, the former is required to jreturn to her work, If not, further jeare is extended to either or both until the mother is able to resume her duties. She then returns to work en- trusting her baby to the yasli, time being allowed her for the periodic nursing hours, After work the mother takes her child home with her, but if for some ;reason, the mother is unable to take the child home, she can leave it in |the yasli, where provision is made for \its continued care until the age of |three. During that period the mother is in daily contact with the trained | staff of the yasli, receiving from them instructions as to the proper diet for herself and child, general care and health habits and an understanding of the child’s behavior problems. At the age of three its needs are 0 but which has gone much farther since, including the social and cul- tural development of the woman. \They not only promote the growth of |the yaslis and kindergarten but they Electric Records ELECTRIC ODEON Special Records—Made in Europe: i ishi 8127 ( AIDA (Verdi) acurher jn ceteblienns: nother ¢ Symphony Orchestra with Vocal Chorus and eNaToe : 3 homies Je widowed and 5128 ( CAVATLERIA RUSTICANA Gfascagn') ed, orphans’ homes, convales- 40808 ( RUSSIA . —Tenor, Noel Taylor senate said bs { ( RUSSIAN LULLABY—Waltz, Perry and Orchestra cent homes, summer vacation homes, S115 ( LOHENGRIN Bridal Chamber Scene—Duet. “the tender strain i i ure | ¢ is o’er"—Emmy Bettendorf, Soprano—Lauritz Melchior, Tenor legal aid pupealee iecsvenls ae 5115 (“LOHENGRIN—Bridal Chamber Scene—Duet: “Of wondrous ants and clubs, baa if rae | ( growth is our affection tender”—Bettendorf, Soprano—Melchior, where cooked food cou! e en | C Tenor 5116 ( LOHENGRIN—Duet: “Dost thou not breathe, as I, the scent of home for the family. Great impott- | Bettendorf, Soprano—Meichior, Tenor ance is attached to the latter, as they SIG ‘ : ‘Trost I have shown thee’—Bettendorf, relieve the woman of her house sue . nai? ae a f ( Dost thou not hear? no sound thine ‘ears drudgery, thus affording her rest ¢ are pO Ae REC poprang Meaney, Tenor i 206 ( LIGHT CAV. uppé)—Overture, Part after work; the clubs an opportunity 3 (LIGHT CAVALRY (Su. * u ppé—Overture, Part If for recreation, self development and ¢ wot played by Grand Symphony Orchestra i OT aS Bae i 40872 ( ARE YOU HAPPY?—Yox Tro participation in the affairs of her t Marri shcbenead. dae Orenentra: | country. ( ROAM ON MY LITTLE GYPSY SWEETHEART—Fox Trot y h 40874 ( ‘ox ‘Tro! For The Masses. C | AMDOURINE- Fox roe ; e . outlet " | ¢ 1 played by Sam Lanin and His Famous Players ip Short, We, Woritg women APS 10 asote ( THE VARSITY DRAG—Fox Trot doing for ourselves what is being | ( LUCKY IN LOVE—Fox Trot ‘ a ivi i ir ¢ both played by The Okeh Melodians done by the privileged few in you sued CR country. You have demonstrated to ( UNDER THE MOON ibilities. and | ¢ Both sung by The Palm Beach Boys, Piano Accomp. DE Te Goren Vat ae |} 40870 ( THERE'S A CRADLE IN CAROLINE—Fox Trot seale cooperative apartment houses ( Both played by Frankie Trumbauer and His Orchestra, and hotels with their nurseries, play-| ¢ Refrains by Seger Ellis 40880 G THE ES AWAY—Fox Trot grounds, club rooms, 1 vants and| i cpian ocaernlee Bae 5 oleaaacsths commissaries, all but failed to benefit ‘ ‘i Bout Bites a agate pera and His Hotel Manger Or- i chestra, Refrains by Seger Ellis those who are in need of them most, 4ossi ( WORRYIN'— Waltz : Destruction of the Honic. | ¢ 1 LOVE NO ONE BUT YOU—Walta . andi oth played by The Royal Mu: rs And yet, to those prejudiced |} sggge ( GIVE MEA NIGHT 1N JUNE—Piano and Clarinet “Accomp. against our present form of govern- ( ARE YOU peer Merah and Guitar Accompaniment ae ‘ Both sung by Noble Sissle ment, who see in it nothing but red Oxon ene wi acl seas 5 pea 40884 ( GIVE ME A NIGHT IN JUNE—Fox Trot terror, the rule of the riff-raff, can- (IT WAS ONLY A SUN SHOWER —-Fox Trot not but fail to comprehend whatit ogee { cLEMUNTINES (tom New Onicaasy ron rot may go on behind the scenes of that ( 1 LEFT MY SUGAR STANDING IN THE, RAIN—Fox Trot. « terror. They cannot see that hehind! ¢ esha | by The Gootus Five, Vocal Refrains 40887 ( DAWN the apparent chaos something sys- ( BABY YOUR MOTHER (Like She Babied You) tematic and tangible is being born: ¢ Pee inkin sung by Noel Taylor, Piano Accompaniment and they point to the foregoing meas- | S55. ¢ THE tee our 7 re: 2 alarming indication of the | ¢ Played by Boyd Senter, Guitar by Ed Lang and Piano Lesibalrs Cob gt ati _ : 40889 ( SOMEDAY YOU'LL SAY “0. destruction of the Home Foundaticn. ( GO? BVERY THING But any honest and intelligent ob- i Bats ssa8 by Alma Rotter, Piano by Rube Bloom, Guitar by ng server, before passing judgement, will | first pause and look about himself, | find owt, what harpening to the home in his own land. The violent ! homequakes and frequent divorces in| the countries of rigid law as com- pared with ours where marriage and | VY ZERTVOJU PALI (Revolutionary Song) HYMN Of FREE RUSSIA SOLNCE VSCHODIT I ZACHODIT RUSSIAN RECORDS divorce have been so simplified as to UKRAINIAN RECORDS / become the sole affair of the two con- * * tracting parties cannot but conclude | bea TED ENGR Got that nowhere today is the foundation | 15540 HONEYMOON A a“ . r volutionar. the home,contingks on tte ateady. de- 15547 HEY NU KHLOPCI DOZBROJCEE sorte cline and that if it is to survive a lreadjustment of it is necessary and|{ We also carry a large “stock in RUSSIAN, UKRAINIL lete chi in the stat f N a complete change in the status o: hema ye POLISH and SLAVISH Records. The Basis of Equality. Fi We believe that only on the basis! . ie om |of equality can the home be sustained, S B k & M, Ci L; but that the woman can never be- urma 00 usic 0., nc, come man’s equal unless she frees 103 AVENUE “A” (Bet. 6-7th) NEW YORK CITY 5 _ herself from the social, moral, spirit- ual and intellectual limitations to ALWAYS AT YOUR SERVICE which the narrow home environment has subjected her. The confining | walls of home, then, must go lest we, | like the pioneer women of yore who with men only to slump back into de- | were called upon to stand side by side ¥ We sell for Cash or for Credit. Radios, Phonographs, Gramophones, Pianos, Player Pianos, Player Rolls. All OKEH, Odeon, Columbia, Victor Records, PIANO TUNING AND REPAIRING ACCEPTED, Greatly Reduced Prices, ra)