The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 3, 1927, Page 3

\ TENTH ANNIVERSARY { B. TRE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSD. OVEMBER 3, 1927 2age Three Soviet Russia After Ten Years Report of the American Trade Union Delegation to USSR The following is the twelfth instalment of the re- port of the first American Trade Union Delega- tion to Soviet Russia, in the words of the delega- tion. The report will be published in The DAILY from the general opinion and the best eco-) not members of such pacifistic sects are not, nomic interests of the wage-earning class. The | even given the opportunity of alternative ser- control of the Communist Party rests funda-|vice, but are imprisoned if they refuse to dom which has been given them by the revolu-|!° |mentally on the support of the workers andj serve. This is a similar principle to that fol- Hon, . The que stion of opposition : and/ democracy” raised i nt of ™ sii Sad \the trade union dele pp To put down all opposition which may the trade union del is dis- |peasants, and the party does not wish to sup- |press members of these two groups, since in WORKER in successive issues until completed. lowed during the war by the British and threaten, the government largely relies both American governments, which offered alter-; upon prosecutions in the criminal courts and CIVIL LIBERTIES No opposition party is permitted in Russia, nor any paper which attacks the fundamental principles of Communism. Active opponents of the existing régime are not allowed to ad- dress public meetings. All books, pamphlets, moving pictures and programs have to be passed on by the department of censorship in the Commissariat of Education, and any material which attacks the fundamental prin- ciples of Communism is not allowed to be pre- sented. We tell the Communists that we ob- ject to this suppression as an offense against democracy, and they reply that the capitalist class in so-called democratic countries does not permit the rights of free press, free speech and free assembly to. the workers whenever the latter become strong and class-conscious ; that havin, suffered great hardships to intro- duce socialism, they do not intend to have the success of the revolution imperiled by permit- ting the remnants of the old régime to agitate} for its restoration --- that, indeed, no class| which is power willingly permits itself peacefully to be displaced by another. in 1 opposition to the sys- tem is not pe a great deal of criticism by individuals is nevertheless allowed. Peas- ants and workers are free in the main to criti- cize the government for its policies. A num- ber of papers are printed primarily for the peasants, and a wide network of correspond- ents not only send in news but offer sharp criticisms of action taken by the government. The peasants are subject to virtually no sup- pression ; the urban workers are almost equally free. Every industrial or commercial estab- lishment of any size has its wall newspaper, and this generally contains criticisms of the} administration of that enterprise. There are also workers’ life columns in practically all of the newspapers, to which approximately 250,- 000 correspondents contribute critcisms. Rep- resentatives of the government and of the in- dustrial enterprises frequently report to work- ers’ factory meetings, where they are subject te criticism by the workers. The Communists say that such criticism is very useful to them, since it reveals whether or not a particular policy is in harmony with} the workers’ desires, and thus enables them to prevent their policy from diverging too far | ‘so doing it would arouse formidable opposi- |tion. The same considerations do not apply ‘to members of the former bourgeois class and |to independent professionals. These groups jare viewed with suspicion by the government and are not given the opportunity of collective criticism, while individual criticism is danger- ‘ous for them. The reason for such suppres- sion is the fear on the part of the government | that these groups would either stir up a re- |bellion or create an anti-Communist party. | Attendance at a- religious service is per- | fectly free for all, although the general in- ‘fiuence of the Communist Party is thrown | against religion. Christian churches cannot, |however, give organized religious instruction to minors under the age of 18 years, although the Mohammedans are allowed to instruct their children beginning with the fourteenth year. The reason for this discrimination is the favorable attitude of the Mohammedan faith towards the revolution. It should be realized that the Greek Catholic Church, which in- native service to Quakers and other members of pacifistie groups, but did not recognize the right of people conscientiously to refuse all war service. A number of the followers of Tolstoy have been imprisoned or exiled for long periods either because of refusing to bear arms or because of their participation. in the non-resistance movement. The great masses of the people, however, have infinitely more political freedom than! they had under the ezarist régime. They elect} the members of the soviets, which are respon- sible to them. They can thus influence the) decisions of the government to a degree which! was formerly impossible. | Western liberals and those opposed to the Soviet government frequently confuse political freedom with real freedom. The former is a part of the latter, but without economic free- dom it does not greatly benefit a man. The/ Russian, workers possess this economic free-! upon the State Political Department (G.P.U.), the secret ce of the government which gathers evidence against persons sus} politica! offer When conditions this evidence is presented to tl courts, where a regular public tri cut. But when the political con greatly disturbed and the governm a possible attack by foreign powers or organized by spies in the pay of for ernments, then, by special order of the Central Executive Committee, the G. P. U. is given the right not only to arrest, but also to try all those whom th suspect of seeking to overthrow the soviet form of government. They must, however, notify the Procurator of the Supreme Court as soon as ¢ been made. The defendant at these G. P. U. trials cannot be represented by a lawyer of own choice, but only by a government of- 1ormal criminal ns are plots gov- ficial, namely, the Procurator of the Supreme} Court of the Republic or his deputy. The de- fendant does not have the free right to call scted of | arried | fears | .| end we took pai in the today’s it of appeal once imittee, but s of the op- ver, that a to the Cent did not He few of those execu 1 been ar- ted, tried, convicted within the ace of twelve hour gh he claimed that in such a ca Id have al- read on und onths, per- tions mentioned accused speed and f re to the a proper chance to defend themselves. In view of these facts, and rex of the provoca- tion, we believe ure is wrong, ypposition and condemnat t to the leaders of Communist Party. | It is frequently charged that the G.P.U. has te in recent months secretly executed many oth- ers whose cz 1ave Paice: oe . dom to a degree enjoyed by the workers of cludes the vast majority of Christian believers). other country. ‘Thus they cannot be dis-| in Russia, has never greatly developed the re- charged from employment without the con- ligious instruction of the young. This restric- ane Gr theins cue reurenentatives. aud are) HOR, ROS ea see Aer es Se R therefore free from the fear of unjustified | we ving? pei re be sae & bay dismissal which constantly haunts the work- aS hte fe ate oa Q Ls st f He See a ers elsewhere. Their representatives are also| ee Wg goog The yet Catholic members of the ae: ang —_ of the na- : ‘ ion’s i nd t ti ine its - Church did carry on religious instruction prior ney plogei re He aA a a = pea to the revolution among its limited constitu- shops must be satisfactory to them. They atel erat “ ee ee a a also free to criticize the factory administra-| Mi . 3 Pras at time or at any point. They fix) the Protestant dissenting sects have been Stile bargaining ie Ree aed rhe ane Ladin 2 ereston a digs ins bg tin dition of their work. The managers are com- formerly possess. The members of the dis-|ycied to explain the major problems of the senting sects, moreover, give a considerable business to them. Their help is actively so- amount of religious instruction in the home. licited in improving production. The wits, It is true that quite a large number of priests] ines and natural resources of Russia are were imprisoned by the government, especial- theirs to make of them what they can. As - shih hana ie a i pol gic ag production increases they a the Lam pe re-| : i ive the full product, without any deduction their political activities, and a few doubtless fe eng Be ete irhee ia eae altical rg af Se popularity and influence upon leisure class to waste without earning and to their parishioners. sti oe Members of religious sects which have been ee r : historically opposed to war are not compelled] Because of such freedom as this, the work- to bear arms, but are required to give alterna-|ers naturally do not particularly resent the re- tive service. If they refuse this and take the|fusal of the government to allow them the absolutist position, they are imprisoned for | privilege of voting for a capitalist party which rather long periods of time. Those who are] would take away most of this economic free- not been brought to pub- se, however, who are active of political prisoners in Russia deny that such executions have taken place, d assert that they a to obtain infor- |mation as to. the whereabouts of any person Although no i admitted exile in Sibe- witnesses in his behalf, and the same body is} }je¢ attention. at once accuser and judge. The procedure of'| in the inte the G. P. U. for political offenses which come | under its control is indeed almost identical! ith that practiced by our Department of La- bor in deporting aliens, where the same ministrative body is at once prosecutor judge, although, of course, the punishments ids are hardly comparable. neral supervision | ,.j; an or in the six prison colonies over the G. P. U. ig exercised by the Central] , he G.P.U. By far the larger Executive Committee of the U. 8. S. R. | » are members of the old bour= The soc , anarchists, and a much smaller and exiles; the still fewer than ialists or an- Those, ad-| arrested on a political charge. and | official figures are given out of persc f the The punishment for counter-revolutionary offenses is severe. Appeal from decisions of | *‘ x : the G. P. U. can be taken to the Central Exe-| Proportion of i : cutive Committee, but this is almost useless in numbe : of anarchists being cases where the Central Executive Committee | that of the socialists. No ee ‘ has already approved the sentence. It is mani- archists have been shot by official order since fest that such a system lends itself to many the conclusion of the civil er with the ex- grave abuses. Thus, in the case of the 20|¢¢Ption of a group of Georgian socialists who monarchists executed in June, 1927, the Cen-! were tried and convicted of revolutionary ac- tral Executive Committee approved the execu- tivities by an ordinarily constituted court. tions in advance, after an examination of the} (To Be lwritten evidence submitted by the G. P. U.)_ |Most of those to be executed were already in son, but others were not, and these were ar- vested by the G. P. U., which then again re- viewed the evidence, but did not allow them to produce witnesses in their defense. Menjin- sk s-revolutionists form he prisoners Continued.) bat cee : eee (The full report of the American Trade Union Delegation to Soviet Russia, as pubs >> lished here by courtesy of International Publishers, can also be obtained in book : form at all bookstores.) the bead of the G. & U.,. claimed that) = Marines to Supervise Municipal Elections DRIVE ON LABOR IN LISBON. LONDON, Nov. 2.--The Portuguese jcabinet closed up labor headquarters In Nicaragua Sunday | in Lisbon today, said a Central News France May Grant U.S. Lower Tariff Pending | Permanent Agreement To Russia Predicts Cinoe Deka MAWAIIAN STRIKE Dea Peay for wite “/FASCIST TROOPS: | Guard Ukrainian Bandits American marines will “supervise” the polls at the municipal elections here on Sunday. The marines will be com- manded by Captain Gilbert Hatfield, who played a prominent part in the - {Dispatch from Lisbon this afternoon. MANAGUA, Nicaragua, Nov. 2. —} German Farmers Send Delegates to Moscow. For Tenth Anniversary jadjustment of, the tariff dispute be- PARIS, Nov. 2. — A move towards | ween the United States and France| | s taken today when the cabinet ap-| | proved the text of a note replying to America’s latest communication on the | LEADER FORMING Triumph of Masses MOSCOW, Nov. 2.—The Chinese | revolution is not defeated and its’ | Who Murdered MOSCOW, Nov. ¢ briakov, who fought | | old imperial army, | White Guards wa FILIPINO UNION “USED TOENFORCE -~BIG WAGE SLASH Forty-five | sentenced to battle of Ocotal in which several hun- | dred Nicaraguans were killed. | The presidential clections next year BERLIN, Oct. 18. (By Mail).—-The pered the will of the Chinese masses for ultimate victory, de- clared the chairman of the Chinese | subject. The draft was submitted by: temporary reverse has only tem: | | | Minister of Gommerce Bokanowski, | A.F.L. Bureaucrats Had | | death today for ordering Commu- j ists shot while he was serving in New Wave of Terror as will also be “supervised” by marines. DEATH P. N GERMANY BERLIN, y. 2.-The proposal to abolish the death penalty in Germany failed today. The Reichstag Judicial Committee decided to favor retention of the death penalty for extreme crimes. German Farmers League is organiz- ing a farmers delegation for the cele- brations of the tenth anniversary of the Russion Revolution to be held in Moscow. Enough money has already been collected to send fourteen delegates to the celebrations. Two of the four- | teen who will go, it is understood, are Communists. who is directing the negotiations on behalf of France. President Doumer- gue presided at the cabinet meeting. It is understood that the note speci- fies France’s terms for a provisional agreement pending the conclusion. of a new commercial treaty America, it is said, will he accorded } the same tariff treatment she received before the Franco-German agreement. labor delegation to the celebra-| | tions of the Tenth Anniversary of | | the Bolshevik revolution, on the ar- | rival of thirteen members of the delegation here today. The delegation. was met at the station by representatives of trade union and Communist Party organ- izations and also many: members Failed to Admit Them SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Nov. 2.— || Underpaid Filipino laborers on the ’ || Pacific coast are rallying in great | | KIEV, Russ numbers to the newly organized Fili- | | pino Labor Union of America, which | | lis spreading its appeal broadcast thru- | |out the western states. | | Serebriakov joined th Korniloff. members of a bandit gang we | death today after had been convicted © | the anti-Bolshevist forces. Unrest Grows i | saat ZENEVA, Switzerland, Oct. 23. (By Mail).—Armed fascist troops are being used in industrial centers thrus out Italy to enforce the twenty per cuts recently decreed by ees here state. e ‘been sent to local In 1920! | e staff of Gen. sentenced of the outlaws | f 70 robberies | SEND YOUR GREETINGS NOW To Be Published in the Special November 7th Number of the Daily Worker ON THE & ING S oe ; | RUSSIAN REVOLUTION Send not less than 25 cents with every name to The Daily Worker, 33 First St., New York, N. Y. FULL NAME AMT. FULL NAME AMT. | | of other foreign delegations. The | | spokesman for the Chinese work- ers, in responding to the weleome | | Oetober is not far off and the Chi- | | nese proletariat will follow in the | footsteps of the proletariat of the | Union of Socialist Soviet Repub- 1 ‘French Miners Demand Better Hours andWages PARIS, (FP), (By mail). — Re- ports made to a recent meeting of the general council of the French Miners’ | Union showed that the mine owner | who made big profits during the w | period and later, are now trying to | maintain profitable production by ter- rorizing their employes into high- speed work. Safety measures are neglected, all modernization is refused, and serious accidents are occurring in cons quence. The council voted a vigo demand for immediate reforms, with | rationalization that would give the! miners a fair chance to earn a fair wage. In general, the conditions disclosed were even worse than those in the backward mines in Great Britain. | said: “The victory of the Chinese jereases in |months the wi ‘eral force for r |tering the conditions of the Filipino jfactor in the life of the Filipinos on} The organization, begun a few) | and 45 murders. on will become a gen-| ing wages and bet- workers here. | Lead Ho an Strike. | Despite the fact that he has been) only a few months in this country, Manlapit has become an important} the Pacific coast, He is well knowr | for his leadership of the great sugar } e . strike of 1924 among the Filipino and G eee T Japanese workers in the Hawaiian) Mire ya Islands. Manlapit plunged into im. |ownced thelr i mediate activity upon his arrival in ita ian oe the United States, he established con-] tact with the Filipinces in California | i), and Washington, many of whom were | stoning old friends of his, and used these a8 a} yyas hay to build a Filipino labor or-| Semitic riots. i | The Horthy universities, Framed Up Manlapit’s pr States i of the su nitic +demonst ut of his leader in the Hawaii Islands. ned up and im- prisoned ther rame-up was of such flagrant character that the Man- lapit case became notorious in the at | weeks ago under the direction of | The other 28 were given prison Pablo Manlapit, reports steady in-| terms of from five to ten years. membership. Manlapit Sin BERRA SE tee REE ETO GS Aa declares that within the next few Horthy Government — Silently Sanctions Anti-Semitic Riots ° Many Jewish students ha ceeded in remaining in a nu tho No effective police >» been taken to curb the anti- government played little interest in the anti- them to keep » being dise > village i dic outbrez | played, Silent. over the silence of y Fe who have been deported t ous barren 1 the Med an. Rela- s who have ical pr against the reign of terror > number of ope fascist dictatorship found mysteriously reached alarming page é -The White ally Treated. in Milan, are al prisoners who ated and virtually Three, four and often five are crowded into tiny cells subjected has dis- whicl have i ts d after ten at jailed with- inquiry. Captured Yaqui Indians tions of a page on this basis) and $1.50 per inch. greetings. ORDER A BUNDLE OF THE DAILY WORKER For the November 7th Meetings and for Distribution. RATES—$1.50 per hundred copies Foreign Loans in Last ‘Month Over $265,000,000 WASHINGTON, Nov, 2, — Foreign loans floated in the American invest- ment market during ‘October totalled $265,000,000, the Department of Com- merce announced teday. The total was greater than that of any other October in history except in 1916, and thi ters pr TOTAL GREETINGS—a<Accepted from working class organizations at $200 per full page (frac- Be sure your organization sends its served parole United Hawaiian Islands, in the Philippines Royalty Kills Old Man Hawaii demanding his release. however, and even then was granted | the the Hawaiian Islands and come to the | bile had run down a 78 year old man. BUY THE DAILY WORKER ‘To Colonize Govt. Land ruout the United States. Let- oured in to the governor of! BERLIN, Nov. 2. — Prince ote MEXICO CITY, Nov. 2, — Nine He | Windisch-Graetz, great grandson of | hundred Yaqui Indians, who have been his full minimum sentence, the late Emperor Francis Joseph, of | mustered into service, will arrive in old Austro-Hungarian Empire, | Mexico City from Sonora on Sunday, only on condition that he leave was arrested today after his automo- |it was announced today. These Yaquis, taken prisoners, will probably be sent Prince Windisch-Graetz was in-|to Yucatan to colonize government volved early last year in the Hungar-/|lands. Others have been given duties ian plot to counterfeit French money.}as servants about garrisons. States. |