The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 17, 1927, Page 3

~ A BLD DAILY WORKER, NEW voles MONDAY, OCTOBER 17, uve 2age Three News from U.S.S.R. ECONOMIC CONSTRUCTIO: It was on an average a 13-14 hour] Mining Industry In 19271928. day. The “famous” law of 1897 fixed | Control figures for 1927-28 indicate}an 11% hour day. But employers a considerable development of the} could make free with this law, or to mining industry: coal production ze it differently, the law provided | to increase 17%, coke production 2: for legal excuses for its infringement production of raw oil 14% and produc- jin the shape of “urgent” work, over- | tion of kerosene, benzine and vege-| time in the case of “urgent orders,” | table oil 25 to 41%; in the iron orejetc. The working day of piece-work-| industry a 27% increase of production | ers was not limited as they were not is expected. This increased production | considered regular wage earners, but will enable the mining industry to| people working on a definite job. supply next year all the fuel, miner-| After the February revolution, 1917, als and other mining products which | the working class began to introduce the country needs. At the same time, | the 8-hour day by downing tools after | @ost of production will be reduced on! eights hours, which was resented and| an average 5.6%. ! opposed by ‘the capitalists and their | Considerable amounts have been as- | lackeys--social democratic Menshe- | signed for capital work in the mining} viks and social revolutionaries who industry: for the coal industry--136 | had a seat in the provisional govern-| million roubles (it was 125 million | jment. As a result of this the w orkers | roubles in 1926-27). for the oil indus- | did not succeed in having a law passed | try—185 million roubles. of a general 8-hour day during the | Ten Years Progress. whole eight months of the existence | The “Comintern” leather works in|of the so-called provisional govern- Leningrad was a very small concern | ment. It was only after the October prior to the revolution. It was) revolution that the 8-hour day became | thoroughly re-equipped under the Sov-| part and parcel of the conquests of | iet government and increased its pro-|the proletariat as one of the immov-| ductivity 14 times. Its output in 1926 | able foundations of the new life. Im- was 1,200,000 hides instead of the| mediately after October 25, a decree former 84,000. At present, the pro-| was issued on October 29, 1917 intro- | ductive capacity of the works is 1,-|ducing the 8-hour day in all enter-| 500,000 hides per year. prises and households and a 42-hour Canal for the Irrigation of 34,000 | Weekly rest for al! wage earners with- | Hectares Land. out exception. By the same decree a| In the coming financial year, a| number of regulations re protection | pelerrg) sainipeinalls ing pall be lac of women and child labor were estab- | @n the right bank of the Syr-Durya in lished. The first labor code issued in | | Central Asia for the irrigation of part patho? Any vee based an Padleded| Gi the Stenoa. Sits canal; wil ivei- compulsory labor service. It was dic- te 84000 “Hecbaies tated by the exigencies of civil war. ean ister) et Cetten Males Beecena, However, in regard to working hours. | pea st Storage Canon fa rest and protection of women and | Fergun (Uzbekistan) is in full swing. | adelestent ie the new law did not | All the cotton cleansing works, two | Ch@nge anything in the provisions of | of them only recently constructed, | ‘te decree of October 29. In fact it % Sanicakt nine. | made even more complete this achieve- g63 sath ee pues ee ee jment of the October revolution by ae tere Se of the Saslba ie ie | limiting overtime to a few exceptional | of the U. S. S. R. amounted to 113% | C4£e5 clearly defined in the law. The | million roubles in August, against 109 | “our day became an inalienable con- | million roubles in July of the currant | (vest f the working class. None of | 5 the subsequent deerees prior to and | Bee Spe RNS Seton. weables AUST*S | tier NUP ths code of e922 trongtt| any alterations into the working hours er -over of foreign | A ae ; laid down by law. Observance of the trade during the last eleven months | ahted to.1,80° witilion roubles: @x- labor code and consequently the ob- ae aes Peak |servance of the 8-hour day and the port 691 million roubles and imports | | G34 whtitén. roubles 2-hour weekly rest, et peri The active balance of the foreign| for all institutions, enterprises, house. | re 1 thee toe trade of the U. S. S. R. during this | holds and individuals who employ | hired labor. period reached 60.8 million roubles | against the passive balance of 101.6 | This is a short sketch of the es-| million rovbles for the same period | | tublishment of the 8-hour day by th last year. | Russian working class. Let us nov jconsider the real working hours i ONE OF THE MAIN ACHIEVE-| the U. 5, §. R. in separate branches | MENTS OF THE NOVEMBER 7, | of industry. According to 1925-26 sta 1917 REVOLUTIO | tistics, the average length of the work The Working Day In the U.S. S. R.| ing day in the mining and metal in Right up to the end ofthe last cen-| dustry is 7.5 hours, in the engincer- | tury, the length of the working day | ine industry 7.4 hours, in the cotton in Russia was not fixed by (el sale | industry 7.4 hours, in the paper in- a cal dustry 7.7. hours. ete., the average | throughout the industry being 75 | hours. The average length of the) working day in the U.S. S. R. is de-} penis every vears. In 1922 it was 7.9 hours, in 1928 7.8 hours, in 1925 16 hours, whereas at present it is only 7.5 hours. There is also a de- | crease in the number of working hours ‘per head per year. In 1924-25 the \number of working hours constituted 177.5% of the pre-war working hours, lin 1925-26 75%. These figures are | elonuent testimony that in the U. S. | ORDER NOW |S. R. one of the main achievements of the October revolution-—8-hour day and 42-hour weekly rest is observed to the full. For people engaged in brain and Pamphlets i | work and workers employed in indus- |tries considered to be injurious to for ALL MEETINGS, SALE | health and also for adolescents, the and DISTRIBUTION on the | working hour is limited by Soviet leg- \islation to 6 and some cases to 5 hours, and even to 4 hours a day. There is no doubt whatever that | the Bolshevik revolution has secured OF THRE | for the proletariat of the U. S. S. R. RUS SIAR the s-hour day, the 42-hour weekly REVOLUTION | rest, social insurance of workers at the expense of employers and other rights won in the struggle with the bourgeoisie and laid down in the Sov- iet labor code, EDUCATIONAL WORK. A social insurance faculty will be opened soon in the MGSPS Profes- \f| sional University. The aim of this \ DAILY WORKER faculty will be training social insur- Watch The DAILY WORK- ER for lists of books on | SOVIET RUSSIA i Send for catalogues and lists | to the ance workers and raising their quali- m BOOK DEPARTMENT fication, It will have a two years’ 33\FIRST ST., NEW YORK scaled add | | The new faculty will open its peers. on October 15, 1027, Revive the Daily Worker Sustaining Fund Many comrades have allowed their contributions to lag during the summer months. Now is the time of renewed activity. Now is the time to start again with the Sustaining Fund and build it up on a stronger and firmer basis. With a strong Sus- taining Fund, our financial troubles will be things of the past. Do your share in your Workers Party unit, in your union and fraternal organization or club. Send Your Contributions To the Sustaining Fund DAILY WORKER Local Office: 108 E. 14th St. 33 First Street New York, N.Y. COUNTER REVOLUTIONARY AGENT OF WALL STREET: They chase and they chase, and they don’t let me take over the government!” Our Australian Letter PRAVDA HITS AT. APIA, noa (South ~ Pacific Ocean) -—S s trouble threatens i ex-German because of the a: tion of the New Zealand government in interfering with the hereditary tra- | ditions, customs and usages of the na- tive races; arreating native chiefs, de- | priving them of their titles and deport- ing them from their villages and ‘amily circles. When New Zealand was given a mandate to control the territory, it | was set down that the natives’ heredi- tary traditions and rights were to be afeguarded. But the N. Z. government | placed Samea under the control of of- ficials who knew nothing of the tra- ditions and practices among the Sam- oans. As a result these have not only been ignored, but treated with utter disregard and contempt. Old Social System. The natives of Samoa have an elab- orate social system of self-govern- ment, handed down from generation to generation, to which every Samoan submits as a matter of course. This social system was recognized by the Germans who brought their control of the territory into harmony with the Samoan traditions. Thus it was *-\that under German rule there was a native parliament, consisting of an Upper House of 15 Sacred Chiefs, and a Lower House of ‘Faipules’ (local representatives) elected by the Sam- oans in the various villages and dis- triests. | fair-play for the natives were ig The New Zealand government has | now abolished all native authority, and in its place has set up a legi tive council, consisting of six official members appointed by the govern- ment, 3 unofficial members elected by the Europeans in the territory, and a “Native Advisory Council,” selected by the administ-ator. But these native “adviser.” do not represent the Sam- can people, and the best proof of this is that they have been repudiated by 30 out of the 38 native districts in Samoa. Further than this, the Sam- oans generally regard the “advisers” as mere nominees of the government. Samoans Protest. When the Samoans protested against the attempt to break down their ancient traditions the New Zea- land government instituted an ordin- ance “to control Samoan. customs.” Under this ordinance, Samoan chiefs were arrested, arraigned, condemned HELP THE PARTY CAMPAIGN FUND | What have you done to help the Workers (Communist) Party| campaign? What has your organization done to supply the funds with which to carry on our campaign? What have you done to raise money amongst your shop- | banner of B mates? | that they will not tolerate the intro-| ont trial of any sort, deprived of their hereditary titles, taken from! their family homes and banished to other districts, and ord 1 to assume names other than those to which they had a full legal claim. Efforts by} European residents in Samoa to secure pred, it was recently arranged and when | that 6 native chiefs should go to New Zealand to interview the prime min- ister regarding the various grievances, | the New Zealand government prompt- | ly notified the Samoan authorities not to issue passports to the chi Since then the situation has | fone new party is the charge made | sion lost in the Chen-O’Malley agree- | from bad to worse. More chiefs have | *8#/st it in an editorial in Pravda. been arrested and deported from their villages, and according to a recent statement by impartial observers of the situation, the treatment now b: accorded to the natives “is s to make the natives’ old-time pion of their cause, Robert Stevenson, to turn in his graye.” * * * | No Piece-work. SYDNEY, Australia——-Mass meet- ings of unionists engaged in the metal trade industries have made it clear} | duction of the piece-work system in| the workshop. Neither will they tol- erate the introduction of the daily hir- ing system instead of the present weekly hiring system. They likewise say that they wil! not accept the pay- ment of straight-time rates for over-| time work over 44 hours per week. instead of the present payment of time-and-a-half for overtime. On these three matters, the metal trade unionists are solid from one end of Australia to the other. Employers have been granted the right to introduce piece-work, daily hiring, and straight-time payment for | | overtime by an award of the federal | ( arbitration court, despite the strong opposition voiced by the unions, who} assert that an attempt is being made, to introduce American shop systems into Australia. The various mass meetings held; throughout Australia during the first} week of July to protest against the new award instructed the union exe- cutives to call a strike it the employ-j} ers attempt to put the new award into operation. BOOST THE DAILY WORKER! GET A NEW READER! The Workers (Communist) Party needs your help at once. | There are just a few weeks more. Much work must be done’ to print literature, arrange indoor rallies, get out special editions | of The DAILY WORKER and Freiheit, etc. Don’t wait—do it at once. Fill out the blank below with your contribution and forward | to the Workers Party District Office, 108 E. 14th St., City. William W. Weinstone, 108 East 14th Street, City. Enclosed please find my contribution of............ for the election) campaign, My name is.. “Make all checks payable to Wm. W. Weinstone. union affiliation ,, {methods of the "struggle against the Party and use| | all weapoi ~_ {it, the } *|evidently intends to place before the | | against the Leninist Party and a pro- ‘BRITISH MONEY _ BACKS FASCIST GROUP IN CHINA \Dissension in Nanking Govt. Continues (Special to Daily Worker). The people took | The associ ntern sian white guardist | British press jof the speech of {filled with bi | nese masses HAI 16. Oct The | Kuomintang on Wa Chin-w | and other Wuha a strongly rds Nankir members are a hostile attitude hen-chi and Wang Chin-wei |consented as the result of neg: | tions to recogr the raordinary | committee of the Kuomintang. On the \cther side the Nanking member jagreed to convoke immediately the |fourth plenum of the Kuom ng for| | the purpose of electing a central com- mittee. By M. Pass. “Damn the Mexicans! ee, Dissension among members of the Wuhan and Nanking governments who | united to form a counter-revolutio! ary government at Nanking has brok- en out on a number of occasions. The nd lek ties the two groups | Yelp 8 oe | HANKOW, Oct. ae eat the foe ‘Opposition’ s Methods (cr of the revolutionary movement tem- ly checked by the betrayal of Move for New Party | (Specia al Cable to , DAIL Y WORKER) MOSCOW, Oct. 16.—That the Opposition are lead-| ing to an attempt .at the creation of and opportun ernment. B: held a meeting ter appealed to the Br the “restoration” in the Hankow gov- hh government for of the conces- ment signed March 15th, the new tactics of the Opposition are | * % being employed with an eye on the} coming Party Congress. ‘fhe Opposition wants to carry a} * British troops were sent home from Shanghai yesterday, reducing the | force to about 6,000 men. Defective eae | Party the accomplished fact of a new | | party. | Injures Engine Crew Showing that by its feverish ac-| SOMERVILLE, J., Oct. 16.—A tivity the Opposition created its own | “Camel Back” type of locomotive with illegal apparatus, Pravda points out| its driving rod pinions worn out badly that the methods of the Opposition | injured its entire engine crew early have nothing in common with the| yesterday morning on the Central traditions of Leninism and the Bolsh-| Railroad near here. The shaft came evist Party. | loose and punctured the boiler, letting The illegal anti-party activity | vater into the fire-box. carried on in a country in which a dictatorship of the proletariat exists, constitutes not only a breach of dis- | cipline, but also the gravest crime that can possibly harm da s. The Opposition Illegal Apparatus. vocation bourgeois continues. Hits Printing Office. It is therefore impossible to keep against Bolshevism by the| democracy, the Pravda x 7 within the bounds of educational methods in the struggle against the Opposition. Therefore, the Central Jontrol Commission was absolutely rignt in having excluded from the Party Preobrajensky, Serebriakov, and Charoy who took, upon them- selves the responsibility for the or- ganization of a secret printing office. Aligned with Enemies. The more the Opposition estranges self from the Leninist line, the more it adopts the arguments of the enemies of the working class, the Pravda Points out. The Opposition | desires “subjectively” the victory of Socialism, but it does not believe in| the po: ility of this victory. The) elements who decidedly do not desive | |the victory of Socialism are ranging themselves along side of the Opposi- tion, namely the bourgeois non-party intellectuals not those who ate work- there. ing in the interests of the toilers, but touched those who cannot live under the pro- ve ; ; : ine ; study: letarian dictatorship. The Opposi- C : Ngee algae tion joins willingly with such ele- ommunist Party, ments. Unions, The Opposition in its anti-Party dealings is decidedly blamed by all Bolshevists. The Party will never junder any circumstances bend the | shevism before the ban- | ner of the bourgeois democracy. | | There is no place for the heroes of the | illegal printing office in the Bolsh-| evist ranks. | Factional disrupters will never sug- | jceed in ruining the work carried on hey the Communist Party. The Party | | will put an end to the illegal activities of the eats tion ers. press about October 25. ders mailed from the the printer. READ ALSO: ce RUSSIAN WORKERS AND Brookwood Coliege Opens. Wm. Z. Foster 25 KATONAH, N. Y., Oct. 16.—Brock- wood Labor College opened for its seventh year here today. Forty-two , | Students, representing 14 trade unions, ere enrolled from 13 states and Can- ada, f | | WORKSHOPS IN 1926 | | 33 FIRST STREET | emancipation and hatred of the iet Union. ' | * * * | More Trouble In Nanking | Cable to Daily Worke pora the struggle by middle class elements | sh business men here | y and formally | ANGHAI, Oct. 16.—About 1,600) ee Meee tone Paper, 50 cents. Communist International | ee: The pape of the First American Labor Delegation to Soviet Russia Agriculture, “and many other angles of Russian life are dis- cussed by this labor group who have gone to Rus see for themselves—and to report to American work- It is a remarkable, interesting document. Send your order now. very RUSSIA TODAY: Report of the British Trade Union Delegation to Soviet Russia. Treasury to the Polish g Urges Protest Against Lithuanian T Terrorism (Special Cable MOSCOW, The Ce y Wo mn STREET TO RUN POLISH AFFAIRS Dept. Man “Financial Advisor” {INGTON, tant be overn directors 1 f Oct. 16.—Charles of the advisor nd a mem- f the bank, “stabilization ber of the provid r the agreement a $70,000,000 floated on Wall § nd, Holland weden and d will cooperate in the loan rench government has au- homed) a public ue in France. Eng! is a trusted agent of the outlaw secretary of the Andrew W. Mellon, and his | appointmer nt to the job of financial advisor to Poland places him in @ position more impor than am- bassador, and is indica of the fact that Wall Street will dominate {Polish policy Scientists Found Society te Build Economy in USSR (Special Cable to Daily Worker). MOSCOW, U.S. S Oct. 16.— |Many eminent scient nd special- S$, among them a number of prom- inent *engineers and the Promotion of ise Construe- tion in the Soviet Union The new organi declaration that it supports the prin the Soviet regime and expres: the warmest sympathy for the promotion of cul- tural and economic development of the country. It invites all scientists to join the organization and points out the im- portance of the assoc n in a mo= ment when world-wide reaction is us- ing every method to impede the growth of the economy of the Soviet Union. ae NYY US Russia After Ten Years Report of the American Trade Union Delegation to the Soviet Union ERE is frank, complete picture of life in Soviet Russia, made by a labor del- egation which has just returned from Every phase of Russian life is upon. It is a thorough The Soviet Government, the Education, Trade Civil Ltberty— sia to Off the All ore first copies received from Cloth, $1.00 $1.25 GLIMPSES OF SOVIET RUSSIA Scott Nearing -10 THE DAILY WORKER—Book Dept. NEW YORK, Nex,