The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 26, 1927, Page 6

Page Six U, §, LOATHED BY WORLDLABOR FOR BOSTON MURDERS Boycott of aU, S. Goods To Be First Reprisal By HARVEY 0’CONNOR, Federated Press WASHING en fea entered a ne of radical manele marked on her features morse. Although the § erty, inanimate stood on i harbor, in \ pretense that Aug. 25. ~Amer- era ¢ = the regard of the when Bartholdi’s r sented. Kellogg’s Desk Buried By Protests. Instead uctior cabled té all Am renewed need piled high in Secretary office with the eleventh hour cables from évery nation pleading commuta- tion of sentence. The , unheed- ed, served as formal noti ion that America has sacrificed the good will of the world. Officials were sullen and silent. In the state department there was ner- yous apprehension that the next cable to be delivered might tell of violence abroad. Violence seemed to be the one fear; beyond feelings of human- ity, sympathy or remorse, the func- tionaries understood but one form of reprisal; that is the form which meets assassination in kind. U. S. Loathed By World. The world over America is regard- ed with emotions ranging from hat- red to contempt. Among workers there is hatred against the cruel in- satiable industrialism that demands absolute submission from its work- ing slaves under threat of death. Among liberals there was loathing of a government which fails to hold in equilibrium the scales of justice be- tweén Capital and labor. And among employers and tories there was con- tempt for an assassination so crude and brutal that it had inflamed the world. Washington cannot see the end of | the Sacco-Vanzetti case. Certainly | the g?im tragedy in the electric chair | did not terminate the case. Rather | it has entered a new phase; a phase | in which labor and liberals will have something to say. The stage has been held so far by the Thayers, Fullers and Lowells, but from now on the world’s opinion will be the dominant factor. World Boycott of U. S. That opinion will plague America‘ for a generation. State and com- merce department heads fear to think of what may be the cumulative re-| sult of the execution of Sacco and | Vanzetti. unrelenting warfare against Ameri-| can goods in foreign markets; they | see an unending prospect of physical protection for American represen- tatives abroad; they see for years the prospect that American citizens abroad will be subjected to insult and | ostracism unless they can prove that they tried to prevent the Charlestown state prison horror. At the last meeting of Washington workers and liberals on behalf of their tortured comrades, employers and their government were told what to expect in the way of reprisal from American workers. That threat was | that a campaign would be renewed with hundredfold force for the or- ganization into unions and labor party of the millions of toilers in the great mass industries of steel, coal, trans- portation and texti With the cre- ation of vast organizations of labor controlling the economic life of the nation and transforming it into a sys- tem for the protection and advance- ment of labor’s interests, there could | never be a repetition of the foul mur- der of Sacco and Vanzetti. Even Boss Press Appeal Unable to Halt Murders BALTIMORE, Aug. ee ap- peals were sent to Governor Fuller, | in the name of humanity, to reprieve | Sacco and Vanzetti, by the editor of the Baltimore Sun shortly before the! scheduled double electrocution. One appeal asked that a committee of na- tionally known lawyers, such as Charles Evans Hughes and Elihu Root, be permitted to go over the evidence in the case. Neither Gov- ernor Fuller nor the Lowell commis- sion in their reports, had settled the grave legal doubts concerning the | trial, the Sun insists. Only trainefl| lawyers can speak authoritatively on) the charges of prejudice raised | against Thayer. Scutari Has Fire. CONSTANTINOPLE, Aug. * 25.—)| Many persons were reported injured | yesterday when fire destroyed the} Turkish quarter of Scutari, eponite| Constantinople on the Bosphorus. Six jmercial and Financial Chronicle” | tinue ‘THE WEIG HT OF ) M (ILITARISM THAT BRING 8 DISASTER ee —Drawing by Wm. Geopper | | Il. UR fight against the “stabilization | of employment” report of the rail-} But they see a steady and| way executives was based on that| part of the report dealing with the extension of the working day to ten hours. We quoted that part of the sport, us it appeared in “Labor,” the} ly organ of the standard railway s. This was correct, since it was the kernel of the entire report. | Since ther, however, a more elaborate} sCom-} of! summary is available in the New York, dated July 9th. Added Points in the Report. ae report claims the following: 1. It is desirable to Bring about, as great stabilization of eniployment) as possible. 2. The limits for this stabilization of employment are set by railway in-+ come, traffic and climatic conditions. | 8. The more dependable character of service of railroads in the last 2 or 3 years promoted stability of traffic to avery considerable degree. Also, greater stability in earnings, and more satisfactory net returns, on account of greater economy in hand- ling a uniform flow of business. 4, For greatest practicable degree of stabilization, sufficiently liberal margin is needed between operating revenues and operating expenses. (a) To eliminate as far as possible temporary or emergency expenditures. (b) To enable carrier to spread maintenance program over the year regardless af current montly reven- ues, and to initiate broader policies as to maintenance program. 5. The most influential single fac- tor is question of net earnings. 6. The railway managers as a whole have shown a real desire to bring about the greatest possible stabilization of employment, but how- ever their sympathies may run, their! action will necessarily be governed | to a very considerable degree by tHe) financial condition of their company. 7. It is not now suggested that) the present rate of return as fixed by the Commission gis inadequate or would be insufficient if earned to per- | mit such well-considered practices as might be necessary im order to con- the policies of stabilization thus far inaugurated. But it is simply |pointed out that this depends on a sufficient basis of net income. Report Admits Large Profits. 'HE above extracts from the report | (practically word for word) show | that the railway companies could pro- hundred houses were razed by the | vide more weeks of work in the year, flames. lif they were.willing to sacrifice some | profits. Point 3 admits “more satis- Keep Up the Sustaini "t Fund! factory net returns,” due to “greater | Wy More on the Railway Executives Report for the Ten-Hour Day By -V. Q. > | economy.” Surely, this is due mainly; Point 6 | expresses the companies’ lto imereased exploitation of the! desire to do something about stabili- workers. |zation of employment. But results Point 4 pretends the need for large|show that practically nothing has) net income, in order to stabilize em-| been accomplished. On the contrary, | | ployment, and spread maintenance | increased productivity of the workers work throughout the year. In the|due to increased exploitation ag- }face of the banner dividend year of|gravates the problem of unemploy- 1926, surpassing all previous records, | ment, makes employment less stable. this claim is pure buncombe. The Point 7 hints that it may become | companies can stand the expense. necessary to demand higher rates. AMERICA HAS HOMELESS CHILDREN AN UNCOMFORTABLE CRADLE. All unconscious of the cruel fate in store for him, this three-day-old infant slept peacefully while he was placed in a dishpan in a Brooklyn alley and left to die or be found by some one who wort care me pin British Labor Swears Never to Forgive This | Crime Against Toilers| “Hundreds of Hartiord. Workers Denouncing Fuller Class Justice By A. H. WOLFSJDNs thousand workers gathered in Hyde | (Worker Correspondent.) Park yesterday to protest ‘against | HARTFORD, Aug. 25.—-Five hun- the murder of Sacco and Vanzetti. | dred’ Hartford workers a din the A. J. Cook, the leader of the miners | mass meeting here to protest against curing their long strike, and many /the murder of Sacco and Vanzetti. other prominent speakers addressed! Altho Mayor Stevens had refused the throngs. When a speaker called | permits for two other meetings the on the workers “Never to forgive or| workers thronged te the gathering to | forget” thousands of arms shot above| hear Jack Rosen and G. Crisofi dis- |the crowds in a mighty affirmation. | cuss the frame-up.of the two workers Police were present in hundreds|. Rosen made a striking appeal for drawn up aes the crowds and sallang up the International Labor Defense as the workers’ one safe- the streets leading to the park. guard against repetitions of the Mounted reserves were also in readi-| Massachusetts outrage. Crisofi spoke ness but had no opportunity id attack. ‘in Italian. | LONDON, Aug. 25.—More than ten| | This may be a bid to labor leaders to assist the companies in a demand for higher rates, on the promise that the ten hour day will be postponed. But if it is, it would be merely to get the unions’ help in raising rates; the ten hour drive would continue. O far, this angle has not been raised by the unions. Nor is it uppermost in the minds of the rail- way executives, for “Railway Age,” the mouthpiece of the railway execu- tives, centers on the ten hour day. However, should the union leaders | join in a demand for raised rates, and should this fail, the executives would then insist on the alternative, the ten jhour day. The unions, should of | course refuse to be roped into this |scheme, but should fight against the ten hour day and fight for increased wages. However, the report seems not to tmake. overtures to the labor leaders. It tries to discount all other possi- bilities, in order to prove the main burden of the song, that labor must give up we 8 hour day, and work 10 hours, | Who Started This Thing, Anyhow? ie railway executives to shift re- sponsibility for this report, by | claiming that the study was made at the suggestion of a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission. | Since the Interstate Commerce Com- umission is a part of the government {machinery which serves as the exec- \utive committee of the capitalist in- | terests, it is clear that the Interstate | Commerce Commission does the bid- \ding of the railway executives, and it | does not matter whether the sug- | gestion comes from the Commission or from the Railway Executives Asso- ciation. But for those who do not |see the connection, and who are im- pressed by the disinterestedness of | | the Interstate Commerce Commission, | \the Railway Executives following the ‘suggestion of the Interstate Com-| merce Commission prove themselves as faithful public servants. |“PABOR” of July 2nd, by stating; that the committee was ap- pointed, “at the suggestion of the In- terstate Commerce Commission” helps to give this impression. As a matter of fact, the report itself says the study was made at the suggestion of only one member of the Interatate Commerce Commission, The conelusion to be drawn is ink the railway executives have inaug- on the railroads, and that labor must make all preparations for a counter- offensive for increase wages and bet- ter conditions. , atmosphere of war pre) we | Domestic reaction marches with foreign aggression. In order be able to conduct war, capitalism | (mind you, the entire commission), |~ urated a drive>for the ten hour day | are Qn War and Danger of War (Continued From Last Issue) This is the fourth installment of the Theses on the war danger adopted at the Plenum of the Executive Com- mitte of the Communist International on May 29, 1927. It gives the official | Communist viewpoint on this impor- fant question. * * * In Central Asia, in Afghanistan, Persia, in the Near East, in Turkey and in the Far East the evil arm of British imperialism is weaving a net- work of complicated intrigues against | British diplomacy | the Soviet Union. is striving to utilize the Internaticnal Economie Conference for the purpose of establishing an economic bleckade fy of the Soviet Union. Simultanesusly feverish prepartions for war are being made in the countries contiguous to the U. S.'S. R., particularly in Poland and Roumania. Strengthening the Rear for War. 10. Since the last Enlarged Plenum of the E. C. C. I, events have oc cured in a number of countr’ which4 give an extreme illustration of the ; in which all the big capital now exi i now witness increased reaction, the internationalizing to a greater or less degree, of terrorist fascist met ods of suppressing the working clas in. step The! must have “peace” in the rear. | nature of modern warfare demands | in addition to masses of -men at the front an.enormous industrial army to | feed the gigantic war machine. These men must become mere cogs in machine, they must be deprived of all will to fight, their trade uftions must be ‘converted into the principal levers for setting the whole mechanism of ‘the war into motion. This gives rise to the attempts to “nationalize” and militarize the trade unions and to de- prive them of the elementary rights | they have won by decades of stubborn fighting. 11, Here attention aa first of all be drawn to Great Britain, which, at | the present time, stands at the head of world reaction. By its suppression of the miners’ strike, British capital- ‘ism has given the signal for the of- |fensive to the whole international | bourgeoisie, The war in China, the; ‘attack against the Soviet: Union, the | |attack upon Nicaragua and the de- | feat of the British miners are all links ‘in the one chain. In Great Britain | the right to strike is practically being | destroyed. The anti-trade union bill deprives the proletariat in the event of war, not only of the weapon of the General Strike against war, but of the weapon of the strike as a whole. The government may declare illegal any strike, even in peace time. In Italy, in an atmosphere of sav- age terror against the working class, | “nationalization” of the trade unions, | which in reality is tantamount to com- plete. liquidation of the independent class organizations of the toiling masses, is being carried out with the support, ef the reformist leaders (D’Aragona and Co.). Before our very eyes, Italian fascism is doing what the bourgeoisie did not dare to do during the world war. The prac- tice of “social peace” is being earried to its logical conclusiom Finally, in France, the “Armed Na- tion” law has been passed, the es- sence of which is a monstrous militar- ization penetrating every pore of po- litical and economic life. Accoring to this law, in the event of war the en- tire population regardless of age or sex will be mobilized at home as well as in the colonies. The workers in the factories will be converted into sol- diers; the trade unions and all other associations will be militarized; the right to strike will be abolished. Any- one who takes part in a strike is liable to be court-martialled. i In Japan schools are militarized and penalties against strikes introduced in the’event of war. ‘ Germany abolishes one of the achievements of the German revolu- tion—the eight-hour day; new legis- lation is being contemplated against strikes, The fascists are gradually penetrating the state and administra- tive apparatus. In Poland the methods of the reac- tionaries used against the working class surpass any ‘of the methods of the former tsarist regime. The na- tional organizations of the White Rus- |sians and of other national minorities are being destroyed. By means of bribery and corruption Pilsudski’s agencies are established whose busi- ness it is to secure a rear among the “national minorities” for the war! against the U. S. S. R. Similar methods are employed by Roumania to strengthen its rear in Bessarabia. All these measures are but links in the chain of the war papbiltantion plan. | 12. In this plan, no halt place is provided for the armed. detachments class counter-revolutionary army was not so wide-spread. « Capitalism in its fight against the mass movement utilized the organs of the “state,” the standing army, the police and the gendarmerie. The growing acuteness of the class strug- gle after the war divested the bour- geoisie of the \last remnants of “de- mocrgcy.” Everywhere the capitalists rganizing their fighting organi- zations, which in several countries ox- ceed numerically that of the standing army. The function of these organi-| shallow grave ‘in her hones last Mor zations is to support reaction at aaa to} of the bourgeoisie. Prior to the world | jwar of 1914, this form of a purely} jin eas time” and in’ war-time: (a).—To form a permanent reliable service to be used for the suppression of the revolutionary movement that may arise during the war or at its conclusion. (b).—In the event of mobilization to drive the masses to war at the point of the bayonet. foe). —To form ready prepared ca- dres in the existing armies in thé vent of imperialist wars. A serious factor in strengthening the capitalist rear guard in case of war is also the work carried on amon, wonten by the nationalist arti and fascist organizations, which take into'account the women’s ; vole in the economic machine in case of war (i.e., in the munition factories, agriculture, transport, administra- tion, ete.). 13. Every imperialist war is prim- avily war against the working class nd the toiling masses. It abolishes \all liber strengthens immensely he apparatus for exploitation and the for the suppression of the working class struggle. But the war ainst the Soviet Union will bea r. It will be a war directed ainst the working class and Com- munism all over the world and prim- y in Europe. The emergency laws ainst the Communist Parties which he bourgeoisie is already enacting re calculated to-clear the way for r, and to give the bourgeoisie a free hand. The bourgeoisie will en- deavor to exterminate the most active sections of the proletariat. This is clearly proved by the fight {which is already in progress against ‘Communism. By the hand of Chang Tso-lin and Chiang Kai-shek, it is strangling and shooting Communists in the most barbarous manner in |China. It is assassinating them in {italy in.Latin-America. It is shoot- ing them’ down in the Balkans, in Roumania, in Bulgaria and if Poland jand Lithuania. It brings charges against Communists for espionage 4n | Czecho-Slovakia, In France it brings | charges against them of being agents jof a foreign government and is pre- | paring a new campaign of persecu- tions against them. Scores are being sent to penal servitude in Germany jand Hungary. ‘ If in imperialist wars ‘the bour- |geoisie tramples under foot all “in- ternational agreements” which set a limit to barbarous methods of war, | then in a super imperialist war, the class war against the Soviet Union and the insurrectionary colonial peo- ples, it is sure to make use of the most terrible means for the exter- mination of the toiling masses. The masses of the workers must now by this time clearly realize the counter- revolutionary, character of the ~war preparations of the bourgeoisie. The Growth of Militarism. 14. Simultaneously with the meag- ures being taken to strengthen the rear, the mobilization has taken place of all resources for the war front, Militarism is growing from day to day. War budgets are increasing (ex- penditure on armaments has almost doubled). The war industry has grown to monstrous dimensions. Having ex- haugted its resources of man power, medern capitalist armies are concen- trating all attention upon the tech- nical perfection of the war machine. The number of machine guns per unit, the rarige of artillery fire, the car- vying capacity of aeroplanes, the ef-~ fective radius of exploding bombs have all increased; one-man tanks have been introduced, new poison gases are being invented. Special in- flammable material is being invented, which when projected is capable of destroying whole regiments and di- visions; preparations are being made for the so-called germ war for spread- ing contagious diseases eae the enemy troops, etc. 15. Future war will be a mechan- ized war. Every country will be con- verted into an enormous factory for the manufacture of the méans of ex- termination. The motor will occupy | the decisive place in this murder ma- chine. But precisely because military |iechnique has reached such a high stage of development the capitalist states will be obliged to throw enor- mous numbers of men in the theatre of military operations. For these aims the capitalist states are reorganizing their: armies through the militariza- tion of the entire population, in addi- tion to the extensively developed per- manent cadres. Owing to the exten- sive employment of aviation, the de- hes nsive range of artillery, the Mne | lemarcation between the front and i rear will be obliterated. The fu- ture war with all its consequences | will exceed in horror all that which the | toiling masses were obliged to suffer in the war of 1914-18, } But as a consequence of this very | character of the war, the role of the | working class and its organizations, | primarily the trade unions, without whose participation the conduct of war is impossible, will increase. Its resistance to war together with tl revolutionary struggle in the army will be fatal for the imperialists.” (To Be Continued.) Young Hill Flees. CHICAGO, Aug. 25.—Harry D. Hilly21, wayward: son of a prominent | Streator physician, kept a jump ahead of poli¢e today as they combed Chi- cago for him in connection with the murder of his mother, Mrs. Eliza Hill, 55, whose, body was found in a dav night. struetive power in modern bombs, the, A crn —