The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 15, 1927, Page 6

} 1 F) \ THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, FRIDAY, JULY 15, 1927 Above is a picture of the Mount of Olives, one of the “holy places” famous in Bible story. Its sacredness was no help to those who inhabit it, for an earthquake killed a considerable number of poor people there who were relying on the protection of god. ———__ ~ ON THE REMOVAL OF SACCO AND VANZETTI TO CHARLESTOWN PRISON, JULY 1, 1927. What new and deeper infamy is this? And still what hideous and loathsome power above defenseless heads could stoop and hiss Such vile command upon a dismal hour. To Charleston death-house, dark and comfortless, They go to wait the striking of their doom— our berths and into every other spot under suspicion, in- cluding a thoro survey of the washroom. I don’t know exactly what he was looking for, but cigars, cigarettes and tobacco are everywhere contraband, subject to a high tariff,. These soldiers certainly were taking pains to see that we did not cheat the Von Hindenburg government out of a few marks. But again they found nothing. * * * The Farmer Swings His Scythe Amidst the Old Order Found in Germany The Scythe in Germany. | It was not long after dawn when we passed thru far- | reaching hay meadows. There -was.a lone farm worker, already busy thus early in the morning, swinging his 7 scythe in perfect rhythm. It is the sickle with the ham- By PORTS Eger ae mer that forms the emblem of the Union of Soviet Re- NOTE.—This is another article by J. Louis Engdahl,| publics. There are those who scoff at the sickle and editor of The DAILY WORKER, on his return journey | scythe as castaway instruments of agriculture. But I A place whose horrors we can hardly guess, A dungeon hole of heavy air and gloom. Vanzetti, knowing all the blackest hell Within such hearts, has said that this would be A thing our wildest dreads did not-foretell With all the world demanding they be free. O Massachusetts! In our righteous scorn Our eyes are turned upon you! Spare the worst! Set free these guiltless men, lest those unborn Forever hold your name a thing accursed! —HENRY REICH, JR. MY FIRST JOB IN A BIG FACTORY By LEA GITTLEMAN. | I asked her, (Worker Correspondent. | An advertisement in a Philadelphia | that we really benefitted by the newspaper read as follows: | union,” she replied. ‘ ‘Wanted Experienced finisher ~ | From that time on we became close | ends. and current events. The first thing that attracted my |I took out my “Young Worker” and attention in the shop was a card-| began reading it while Rosie was oc- board sign posted on the walls. It | cupied reading a “True Story” maga- read: THIS IS AN OPEN SHOP | gine. , “Gee, but that paper you are OPERATING ON THE AMERICAN | reading looks highbrow. It must be PLAN. | some Bolsheviki paper, because it is The foreman arrived, asked me aj full of stuff about strikes,” was number of questions and I was given| Rosie’s comment. a job. ‘ Later on when I learned that I Before long I became acazainted| could trust her, I talked to her about on silk dresses steady work and good pay.’ with Rosie. She toid me that she|the Young Workers League. I asked had been working there for a long|her if she would like to read the time and I asked her what “Open| Young Worker. Shop” mean | “L am glad to see that you trust She replied, “this shop was once aj me,” she said. “I will read it thru union shop, but during the last gen- eral strike in the ladies garment in- dustry the boss broke his agreement with the union and since then he put| In the shop one meets different up that sign.” ‘types of workers and learns how to ¥Would you join the union again? | approach them. and I will try to understand it.” And | now Rosie is a close sympathizer of | the League. } 3 BRE ORS WO OLN OE ESA ER BSS i 90 9 wn OO GENO | BQ BOOS BO Hos RAR RANTS SRR 3 eT aS SREB | OC CLP IS AO ESBS SOLS. CEPR EES eer NAGS SAMOA ALS BATS’ eee er ts Seg a: “I would, if we were organized So } We discussed shop problems |. One lunch hour } | many and Poland. | | | | any seen in the possession of similar officials under the from Moscow to New York. He has already written of | couldn’t help feel that there surely is some bond of in- the journey from Moscow to the western border of the | terest between this German farmer, who so lustily swings Soviet Union, then thru Poland over the Warsaw route. | his scythe in the lowlands, where it is no doubt too moist In this article he continues from the Polish-German bor-/| to use a mower, and the Russian peasant, who has joined | der to Berlin. | with the urban worker in putting the likeness of sickle | * e i |upon the banner of their revolution. The German Com- | JT isn’t often that one is awakened at six o'clock in the | munist Party has won considerable influence among the morning by a husky looking individual in a military | German farmers, having deyeloped a considerable liter- {uniform with the demand, “How much money have you | ature for the workers on the land. I found an extensive | got? | volume in Germany, that had aroused great interest, on \"" But that happened not only to me, but to all the other|the development of agriculture in China and the con- passengers on our Paris-bound express as we reached} tribution of the Chinese farmers to the present revolu- Stentsch, the western border! town of Poland, before we | tionary movement in that country. cross over into Germany. | * . i As for myself, I made a hasty and conservative esti- | The Old Order Still Lives. mate of my liquid capital, translated into American cur-| So we came to Frankfurt am Oder, at eight o’clock in rency, but this only aroused this specimen of Polish sol-|the morning fer a stop of two minutes, which is not to | di to the additional question, “Let me see?” He was) be confused with Frankfurt on the Main. I did not get | talking German, which seems to be the most international | an opportunity to investigate which Frankfurt gave its of all the languages in Europe. \name to what is better known in the United States as a When I revealed some Soviet roubles and American| Coney Island Red Hot, or a “Hot Dog,” to be even more \dollars, Pilsudski’s gendarme merely grunted, took an-/ brief. ether look thru our baggage, slammed the door to our] But here he was, the frankfurter man, on the train ; sleeping compartment and disappeared. platform of the railroad station of Frankfurt am Oder. * * * |He wheeled his frankfurt wagon alongside the train The Dance of the Zloty. adres § out as eee re er, ee dean ed of those who Ae i . 4 _| would like to have a “hot dog” for breakfast. _ One eould sige fee neveyst the Polish zloty oe | But it was the dress of this frankfurter man, at eight jing: on. the point of a:bayonet. Wery, HERVCRU GH * the | o’clock in the morning, that interested me. He might j rene ates RS oeae ee hare z | have been serving a state dinner to the dethroned kaiser, | sole Je pled whe Hine Tate ee wats over in Doorn, Folland, he was so immaculately outfit- } es ted in evening clothes of jet black, white shirt with a | This is being written in Pittsburgh, from notes taken| —/. “ fen route. The Pittsburgh Post reports that yesterday stiff front fully revealed by a low cut vest, across which { Blagk, carefully polished i | glistened a gold watch chain. Wenn tee atic worth eae eae wal | shoes, black tie, an early-morning shave and hair care- Suita Cee i 5 Petals |fully combed. The kaiser was gone, but the old order Street is seeking to give the Polish zloty an injection of | still lived. I reflected a little on the care-free Russian |} about 60,000,000 American dollars to bring it up to that | vaiters, in tho resteuracin intibadaw, exiwall ss on the , > |point. The question is whether Pilsudski will not be di re . 7 (2 poh Ph os iner that was a part of our train that carried us to the jforced on syend au of this THOnEY. and’ more on military | horder, these workers in the Soviet Union comfortable in |expenditures, leaving the zloty. just as weak as: ever. their Russian blouses, not bothered with coats, and cer- I had no horde of zlotys, however, and I was permit- |, . < - rs ted, therefore, to leave Poland without interference. taal por pane atte serchet ee and cOHars, | +4 ‘ e : Dr. DeVrient put in an appearance. Strange name, The Germans Look Us Over. | you say, for one coming out of Russia. To be sure, De- | Dr. W. DeVrient, who was sharing the sleeping com- ! Vrient dates his ancestry back thru the centuries to the | partment with me, turned out the light, it was still dark, | French Huguenots. His ancestors escaped the Massacre \and insisted on going back to sleep again. But that is a | of St. Bartholomew’s Eve on August 24, 1572, when tens |laxury not to be enjoyed for long. Soon there was an-|of thousands of these Protestants were ordered slain | other thumping at our door. German soldiers this time. | during the reign of the Catholic king, Charles IX. De- | We had crossed the border set by the Versailles Peace! Vrient’s ancestors fled to Germany where, however, their | Conference between the two capitalist republics—Ger- | part in the German Revolution of 1848 forced them to quit the country. Instead of coming to America, as many of the “48ers” did, they went to Russia, Now DeVrient is back in Germany as a representative of the new socia] order within the Soviet Union, to take part in a scientific congress. He left the train at the Friedrich- strasse Bahnhof in Berlin. I continued on to Paris. Against the War Danger “THE FUTURE WAR AND THE WORKING CLASS {ing taken against the exportation of Polish money. One German official, who rattled a bigger sword than late ‘kaiser bill,” demanded our passpérts. Another got very busy. He not only examined our baggage, but he also searched under the mattresses of ‘to 1918 showed that this was not only By D. MARETZKY (Moscow) (Continued From Last Issue) Experience during the war of 1914 a war of machines in the sense that even the possibility of carrying en the war will be determined by the in- creasing production of mechanical means of destruction, as also by the incréasing output of means of pro- duction (building ‘of machines and benches, etc.), destined for the manu- facture of means of destruction. The industrial centres are the chief forges of the imperialist war; they are the industrial slaughter benches. The magnitude and the capacity of the a fight between the armies on the battlefieds, in the trenches, on the sea and under the sea and in the air, but also a grandiose competitive war of the belligerent industries. The economy of the belligerent states was transformed into war economy suit- ably organized by the imperialistic dictatorship. The economic manage- from, 1914-1918 compelled the army staffs of the belligerent countries to draw soldiers back home again from the front, many hundred thousand qualified workers being thus return- ed to the factories and works. The toughness of the workers, the possibility of increasing the produc- tivity of labor even under poorer liv- ing conditions among the workers, even under the regime of “war-fam- ine”—all these are necessary prem- ises of war. |ment of the war (the organizing of | provisioning, of transport, the mili- |tarization of the whole of economy) | was a matter of supreme importance. |The conducting of the war was se- \eured by the iron contact of the front ‘and the base, whereby the previous ‘conception of the relationship be- | btween the “front” and “the interior” | was greatly modified by the experi- lence of the world war. | Industrial Type of War. | It is clear that the big imperialist ;war of the future must be a war of ;still more pronouncedly industrial |type. The future war is a war of | machines in the double sense of the | word. It is possible that in the fu- ture, warfare will be still more mechanical than it was in the last war. The motor will play a promin- ent role in this war. It will also be Th Ina plane larger than the “Spirit of St. Louis” or the “Colum bia” Miss Mildred Doran, of Flint, Mich., hopes to be the first woman to make a non-stop flight from San Francisco-to Hawaii, A fellow townsman, Augey Pedlar, is accompanying her, 1 ‘ industrial centres are the best guar- Must Discipline Labor. antee for military success. In this connection we can appreci- ate the strategic tendencies created by the theorists of the war of the future: to oecupy the indwitifal cen- tres of the enemy, if thi are not too far distant from the drm), but if they are well inside the country, to cripple them by gas attacks from the air and to destroy the centres of the | war industry, the big metallurgical works, machine factories, etc. Workers and Soldiers. The decisive “productive” power of the future war of high “industrial tension” is the working class. The workers in factory and workshops are of just as much importance from the standpoint of high strategy as fighters in the battles of the future as the soldiers, or, in any case, of no less importance. The experiences While they are feverishly arming energetically developing war technics and transform!ng war industry into the leading branch of the whole of industry, the imperialists are at the same time eagerly piling up the “vari- able” capital of the future imperialis- tic war. The imperialists are fully conscious that a war without the par- ticipation of the millions, without will to war on the part of the immense masses of the worker and peasant population, without the “strictest dis- cipline of the masses” at the “front” and “at home” is impossible. This is the reason for the strene- ous endeavor towards an appropriate mental mobilization, which is at pre- sent being carried on by the imperial- ists; hence the general militarization ZBOOKS®& THE HISTORY OF ORGANIZED SLAUGHTER. EVOLUTION OF WAR, by Emanuel Kanter. Published by Chas. H. Kerr & Co. Price $1.00. A new book by the author of “The Amazons,” that brilliant little mono- graph so full of stimulating and plausible theorizing about an interesting episode in the progress of mankind. Tho the argument in “The Evolution of War” is not quite as original as that of “The Amazons” it is better sub- stantiated by reference and quotation. In fact, the multiplicity of foot note references are of value entirely in addition to the _rest of the work, and make it a good introduction to late English language literature on anthro- pology; all one has to do is follow back the references. Kanter’s summary of all the most credible material thus covered is not new, but is a compact restatement of the Marxian theory of the evolution of war, correlated: to steps in the evolution of tools of production, property and the class state; it must be especially useful in workers’ classes, study groups, etc. Kanter masses the testimony of many authorities to show that savages do not go to war in the sense in which we mean war today. The popular impression that savages are constantly looking'for heads or scalps, Kanter shows is not correct. Such battles as savages undertake are usually cere- |monial and relatively bloodless, allowing for occasions when they turn and { | | | | fight like cornered rats against civilized aggression. In the period of barbarism, booty raids, and cattle raids, then in early civilization, piracy, slave raids and tribute raids, mark an approach, an evolution of organized slaughter, more nearly like that of present days. Then comes civilization as the period of the slave, feudal and capitalist states, and the final culmination in world wars fought for markets and raw materials, the greatest and most wasteful wars ever known. The weakest part of the book is some too sweeping generalization (perhaps inevitable in so short a writing—123 small pages), as in the ap- parently crowded and hurried analysis near the end of the motives and results of war in the state founded on slavery, and the transition to those of the wars of a state based on feudal tenure, together with the assumption that everywhere slave economy gave way to feudal economy and feudal economy to capitalistic, in that order. This was the evolution of southern Europe, which so long led European development, and therefore has at- tracted most attention from Marxians, but the time has come to be a little more explicit about African and Asiatic and north European feudalisms of which the first two preceded the slavery of Greece and Rome and about the evolution of China, northern and eastern Europe, all countries where great land masses caused a different type of exploitation from that of the Greek, Italian and Semitic city states. Another fault is one for which Kanter can not be blamed, and is really inherent in the capitalist system. The Marxian author is for economic reasons confined practically to research, and not allowed original investiga- tion. And research has its real limitations. You get a lot of fun out of going over Goldenweiser, say, or some other anti-evolutionist in anthropo- logy, and extracting from your opponent’s own writings the facts that will demolish his theory. But you know all along that these hostile investigators will, when possible, probably conceal or overlook a number of interesting facts which would build you an even stronger case. Even a man like Rivers, very likely honest, admits that he has many times simply over- looked evidence in favor of anthropological theories which he did not con- sider valid at the. time—(Psychology and. Ethnology, Ch. Ethnological Analysis of Culture) and this general human trait is \probably responsible for the loss of much valuable material. Still more, an observer not trained in anthropology, such as a mis- sionary or a trader, will probably overlook altogether or disregard as merely evidences of the eccentric sins of the unbaptised, most valuable examples of passing phases of primitive culture. I do not know what is to be done about this now. Here we probably can not finance anthropological expeditions that will not be corrupted by what Kanter calls the “sterile” school of Boaz and Goldenweiser, expenditures that will recognize evidence in favor of the materialistic conception of history. But if anybody can persuade Kanter, with his valuable background, to become a sailor or a placer miner, he will do a service to science. Even if he turned missionary for a time to get in contact with the original ' —VERN SMITH. » THE NEW MASSES. The “New Masses” for July starts with a cover drawing of two rather sea-sick looking dames emerging Aphrodite-like out of what we take to be the big, bounding ocean, and winds up on the last cover with an advertise- ment of the “New Masses” Book Service. In between are some rattling good cartoons. Bill Gropper’s “The Cock-eyed World” is the whole twenty-five cents worth in itself. Gropper’s touch is unmistakable, and you never have to look for the signature to know whether a drawing is his or not. “Penny Arcade” is another gem. Anyone who couldn’t laugh at a “Nordic Reverse” must belong to the Ku Klux Klan—or be Henry Ford himself. In fact all the cartoons are good this month, ” x . Michael Gold in “Buffalo Bill And The Messiah” leads off with another chapter of his East Side memoirs, Gold is a realistic writer. The Jewish quarter of the East Side, with its queer, pitiful characters, its terribly ex- ploited and poverty-stricken inhabitants, are made to live and breathe on the printed page. One must get the magazine and read Gold’s article for himself. “Karl Marx Anticipated Freud” is well written; it is interesting, as nearly all of Max Eastman’s articles are; but one is tempted to query, “What of it?” If it be true, as Eastman himself states, that Engel’s de- scribed the whole Marxian theory of history as a discovery of “the simple fact, heretofore concealed under ideological overgrowths, that men have first of all to eat and drink and live and clothe themselves,” then it fol- lows that two-thirds—to be cautiously conservative—of the complexes which worry Freudians have been caused by a maladjustment of this first neces- sity, and can be cured by the ushering in of Communism. Viewed in this fashion, Marx not only anticipated Freud, he seems to have made Freudians unnecessary. What the times demand seems to be more and better revolu- tionary Communists. I am open to correction, of course. “Vignettes of the Flood,” by Walter White, tells some terrible things about the government’s treatment of the Negroes down south and should be widely read. “British Fascism Strikes Home,” by W. N. Ewer; “England Runs Amuck,” by Scott Nearing; “Below The Battle,” by Michael Webb, are all splendid reading. Then there is, of course, “The Class War Is Still On,” one of the most interesting features of the magazine. One feels like con- gratulating the editors for having printed so many worthwhile things in one issue. * * * * The reviews, in the main, are good. There is a feeling that Genevieve Taggard is striving for verbal effects at times and that lucidity suffers in consequence. Nonetheless, she s2ys a great many striking truths in an original manner, which is doubtless a godsend, a gift, an acquirement envied * by humbler scribes. The poetry—well, “Migratory Workers,” by Charles Oluf Olsen, is a crackerjack. It sounds like the real thing; and it flows. Adler’s “Seats of The Mighty” and “Exterior” are clever; only we are tempted to imitate Kipling’s devil and! whisper. Kreymborg gets away with some glorified doggerel that packs all the punch of “Penny Arcade” into hec- tie words. Sara Bard Field—we used to like reading her very much, Pos- sibly her poem deserves more praise than this reviewer can crank up at this time. To wind up, they are all worth reading. The writer of this confesses to being a |poor |eritic of anything, thereby saving divers other critics from pointing out the fact. His only aim is to get the “New Masses” read—as it deserves to be—by all readers of The DAILY WORKER. _—HENRY GEORGE WEISS. perialists. Hence the draconic war laws of the “newest” French type (Paul Boncour’s law); hence simul- taneously with the maintaining of a standing army the systematic prepa- ration and training of many-million- strong reserves of men for the future war. Hence the nicely camouflaged organizing of a preliminary ideal dis- armament of the masses, the mili- tary drill, the hamniering in of the idea of “defense of home and coun- try,” etc. The specific treatment of sport in the various imperialist states, the creation of sports organ- izations of a semi-military character under fascist leadership, etc. ‘ The working class will be the de- of the population, including women! cisive mass-power of the future war. and the youth introduced by the im- Without the “will” of the working class the imperialists will not.be in a position to carry on a big war. The question, whether the second cycle of the imperialist wars will be brought about pr not, whether or not the magnates of finance-capital will succeed in dragging humanity once more to the shambles and proceeding with the mass production of corpses, \ that depends most decidedly upon the attitude of the working class, which alone is in a position to avert war or, | in case it should break out, to convert | , it into a civil war, The supreme ¢\ historic responsibility, therefore,. lies ! with the proletarianl vanguards of | the individual countries as also with | the “vanguard of the vanguards,” with the whole Leninist Communist | 4 International. dd ) i