The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 17, 1927, Page 3

Manifesto of the Fifth Congress Communist Party of Mexico a party really, revolu-jof the fascist“and clerical dictator- "AE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1927 Page Three ey Peasants and Workers of The Re-| try, refuses to extend aid to the Gov-| would not be public! Comrades: The recent events which have oc- curred in the Republic, the uprising ef the Gallegos in Guanajuato; the rebellious outbreaks in the region of Los Altos, Jalisco; the assault on a/ railway train in the North, the recent | conflicts in Chichuahua; the slaughter of Federal soldiers in Jalisco and finally the massacre of unarmed} workers in Yurecuaro, mark the be-| ginning of a new civil war; they are) the first signals of the conflict which threatens the country, It could be pointed 1910 the situation in Mexico is char- acterized by a series of fundamental contradictions which penetrate the entire economic and political life of the country. We need to mention: (1) the antagonism: between the gov- erning petty bourgeoisie, and the re- mains of the feudalistic State; (2) the antagonism between the national- istic petty bourgeoisie and the eco- nomic hegemony of foreign capital; (3) the antagonism between national and foreign on one side, and the workers and peasants on the other; (4) and the antagonism between the Federal Government and a number of the State Governments. All attempts to solve these contra- dictions, only lead to their aeccentua- tion, and give origin tov inflammable situations which stir the country int a state of constant agitation and rest- lessness. The 1927 Constitution, The political power of the small bourgeoisie against the dictatorship of the feudal state and the unlimited power of foreign capital, found its expression in the constitution of 1917. The Constitution of 1917yexpresses the effort of the young Mexican bourgeoisie, and other advanced ele- ments of this epoch, to harmonize the interests of the landlords with those of the masses of peasants, and the interests of national and foreign capitdl with those of the industrial proletariat. The very development of the Revo- lution, the struggle of the peasart masses for the land, the struggle of the working class for betterment in working and living conditions, and the very necessity of the petty bour- geoisie to defend its position against the continuous attacks of reaction and foreign capital, have obligated the promulgation of the rather radical laws, such as Article 27, 128, and 130 of the Constitution, which favor the creation of a national economy, and The Petty Bourgeoisie in Power Since 1917 reaction has on many occasions attempted to reconquer its lost ground. Sustaiged by foreign capital it organized counter revolu- tionary insurrections, incited bandit groups that pillaged the peasantry, and set on foot a campaign against the Government under the cloak of the catholic church. But the revolu- tionary governments instead of erushing with a steel arm the reac- tionary forces, have followed out a policy of compromises,. delaying the repartition of the land, and restrain- ing the struggle of the industrial pro- letariat against the foreign ex- ploiters, Lacking a solid economic base, and being politically disjointed by region- alism, the power of the petty bour- @eoisie does not rest on. its own strength, but rather on the weakness ofthe reactionary forees on the one part, and on the lack of development and the dispersion of the working and peasant class. The crises confronting the petty bourgeoisie manifests itself clearly i the economic situation. To realize its program of national reconstruction the petty bourgeoisie not only desires to harmonize the interests of essen- tially opposed classes, but has sought also to conciliate irreconcilable eco- nomic forms. It has tried to oppose and, put into competition to large scale rural ownership, a system of small ownership, and to the power of large capitalist enterprise small in- \. dustry of town and country. A net- “work of producers and consumers’ co- operatives, and the creation of agri- cultui] credit banks and labor banks, was to be destined to constitute the financlal and organic base of this na- tional economy, a medly of capitalist and socialist production, To seek to realize such a program in a country whose exploited wealth Is two thirds in. the hands of foreign xo gapital, where reaction makes al- jances with the imperialst interest ithout first breaking the economic forms of capitalist’ society, is to de- ceive ones self and to deceive the masses of workers and peasants. To solve in part the economic prob- lem, and to satisfy the requirements of the exterial debt, which burdens #1e Mexican peopie, the Government has had to reduce to the minimum its expenditure budget, readjusting to this reduction the personnel in the Public Administration and of their salaries. The greater number of the State Governments owe wages many months to their employees, in- cluding pay to their armed forces, creat with this general discontent, which is favorable to the success of subversive propaganda, Today, foreign eapital, the only or- ganized, economic force in the coun- out that since | ernment. Capitalism cannot tolerate | restriction in its field of activities, | and the steadfast ever increasing tendency of industrial enterprise, to: ward centralization, is essentially op- posed to every effort to production, the existence of isolated cooperatives and The capitalist system demands for its development an absolute freedom, freedom for unlimited exploitation, freedom for extermination in its rol- ler like advance, of the middle | classes, converting it into a slave pro- |by the capitalist society. Reaction |and Imperialism has declared war on the Government of the Petty Bour- geoisie, whose politics are opposed to capitalist power. | Two Roads. | Today the power of the petty bour- geoisie finds itself threatened. Re- | action organizes its forces to a point | la powerful blow to the Government {of General Calles. The aim of the | Reaction is to implant a military dic- | tatorship, tear up the constitution of 1917, and put an end to the revolu- tionary movement of the workers and thespeasants. : One must, not for a moment doubt that behind the guns of the rebellion, ehind the assassin’s dagger of the catholic church, rises the gloomy shadow of Yankee Imperialism, the claws of the American Oil kings, eager to extirpate the soil of Mexico of its “black gold,” the motivating force of present day imperialist dom- ination. The cancellation of “the treaty of Juarez, opening lane to the free introduction of $ins into Mexican territory, can be considered as noth- ing else but the open aid of the Uni- ted States to the enemies of the Calles government. Before the petty bourgeoisie and before itg administration two roads are left open. The road toward the left, toward the unification of all workers and peasant forces toward an implacable struggle against reac- tion and the road toward the right, toward compromise, toward political among the masses Sine iinohishi 1a Aesinnnn tural enterprises as well of communication and transportation; only by the union of the petty hour- geoisie with the proletariat, an:l the formation of a real workers and pea- sants’ government, and the alliance of Mexico with the masses of ihe other Latin-American countries, ex- ploited by American and British im- perialism, will be realized a national reconstruction benefiting not . only the small bourgeois minority, but as well the large majority of toilers in the land and in the town. We and the Government of ; General Calles, The aims of the Communist Party are unknown to none. The Com- munist Party of Mexico (Mexican Section of the Communist Inter- national) struggles for the complete destruction of capitalist exploitation, for the economic and social liberation of the masses of workers and pea. sants, for the independence of a‘ solani and semi-colonial peoples and Union of Soviet Republics. But the Communist Party would not be the party of the vanguard, the frank and open dictatorship of | of centralization so that it may land} ‘or, the formation of the World }growth of the workers’ and peasants’ | tionary, ‘if it were not to defend at all times the immediate interests of the workers and peasants. Today this immediate interest con- ‘sists in the broadest alliance with the sustain small! petty bourgeosie for the defence of|of sowing grain, only the existing Calles Government, craft conditions. | against the reactionaries and against | live |the menace of American intervention. | Owing to the vacillating politics of {this same government, to the stupid the autonomous unions, and pwing- to the economic situation which is ge® letariat, or into an outcast which has| ting more difficult each day, there; Russia, enemy of the Chinese people, to exist on the crumbs thrown to it|exists the danger that sections of! enemy of the world proletariat—is | workers and peasants will incline to- ward those elements which are pre- paring for the destruction of the/ present government. The Communist Party calls upon all and every one of its. members, | | upon all organizations independent | and opposed to the CROM, to all those | affiliated to the national peasants | {league and to the Agrarian Party,| | upon all workers and peasants or-| ganized within the CROM and in the Labor Party and to all workers at large, for the formation of a united \front, for a workers and peasants’ | bloc—building around the Calles gov- lernment a wall of defefice against | the reaction. | The Presidential Elections. | The agitation for a renewal of the | executive power is one of the most |important factors utilized by the re- action to org: ils forces against |the Calles administration. The Com- |munist Party declares that the re- | bellion headed by the most conserv- ative elements in the country, pre- pares for the forceful imposition of a) | reactionary candidate who will serve | the interests of landlordism and foreign capitalism. The Communist Party declares that the realization of | extermination of the organized work- the destruction of the Constitution of 1917, and with it the destruction of all democratic rights and liquidation of all gains of the proletariat. Therefore, the Communist warns the entire working class and and brutal tactics of Morones against|force, will rise to vanquish itg op- of the SLAVE LABOR IS | ETHIOPIAN BAIT ships in many of the countries. of Europe and in Latin America, have taught the leaders of the bourgeo that the day is not very far distant when the oppressed proletariat, tired to die of} hunger, of building palaces only to in pig stalls, of filling the trenches with its corpses to overstock the coffers of the banking houses, united in a gigantic and invincible American capitalism now has its eyes turned towards Ethiopia, for- merly known as Abyssinia. An un- limited amount of rubber, coffee, potash and other resources with plen- ty of slave labor makes Ethiopia un-| t work of from niné to ten hours a | day, absence | Scopes was convicted of the charge of * a % " ; school. ‘Rich Resources Entice or? ire very {salvation of the souls of jts women folk but is quite satisfied to let them | a experience a hell upon earth at the vate of $11 for a week’s .work. [CURRENT EVENTS By 7.5. OFLAHERTY will not make John’s oil or East- man’s Kodaks a bit m@re unpopular jin London than they are now. so * * * Hiss process of smoking out Calvin Coolidge on a third term is pro- apace. Coolidge is saying ,nothing. Whether he is thinking or not is problematical. Why should he think? Thinking is dangerous busi- ne} He might think himself out of job, If the president of a gigantic plunderbund like this had any im- agination he would sneak out of the (Continued from Pafe One) Unions are conspicuous by their in Tennessee But not It was in Tennes vangelists. e€ gressing in a public we employ- the | teaching evolution Yes, the Tenne: much exci ed over . . * White House at dead of night and “RATHER cures paralyzed boy” v to the nearest slave »Yeads a headline. Reading the Many persons would rather ext we learn that a dry goods me y tracks than hold down pressors. usually attractive to this country. lchant sacrificed’ a money-m ce sr ahs "The lent of the Chicago, business eapeer to study physio- eos Imperialism—enemy of Soviet}. The correspond : ; un) : 5 » y Daily News has described the situa-' therapology so that he could gain for by Samuel 3 & also the enemy of Mexico! The’ Re- action is no more than thersister to imperialism, united to it ih order to strangle and crush freedom and hu- man progress. ‘ | Comrades, forward! Unite to make} powerful the forces of our country Fight for the defence of your lives and your honor! 5th Congress of the COMMUNIST |- PARTY OF MEXICO—Translated |// from Et Machete No. 63—by J.N.S. | | { Anti-Union Bill Like Blacklegs’ tion in detail. “freeing” the slaves of that country,| were pare foreign capital has been invited to fantile parals purchase the slaves from their own- months old. The boy now walks with ers, Under the pretense of All Faeiliti cor The American spondent re- |ports that “Seriously intentioned and re- | sponsible parties will be granted all the facilities and favors neces- sary to insure the financial suc- of their enterprise. The sinian government is ready | Aby and eager to favor foreign capi- tal which can develop the coun- try and aid in the actual libera- tion of slavery by employing the slaves as workmen in their de- {| velopment projects.” The manner in which the slaves are | to be “liberated” is described in the official announcement as follows: 1 his son the use of his limbs: which is when he was a few ed by an attack of In-| » baesy novel Hopkins Harding under th ams is a story of the tration with Hardi name of Willis Markham as plain as a nose wart. the aid of crutches, It may be a The president killed time by playing news story and then again it may be poker with his gang and keeping con- an ad for a new health fad. Anyhow; stantly pick He had nothing we are glad the boy is able to k against the s: and ‘seemed to even with crutches tho we we enjoy would char- have more regard for the veracity cf! acte legitin graft.” Some- the story if he walked without them, | times it was not even that, but it * * * helped to break the monotony of life The wages of ENITO MUSSOLINI is trying hard| in the white he : a to make his photographs look like|#™ is death so Markham died and those of Evidently the | his gang got scattered. Calvin Cool- “great man” passed the word idge, we believe, could survive a third around that he will be pleased to be| term in the White House. regarded as the political heir of the mae ee Wen “little Corsican.” Caesar is another . 7 Rese historical figure that Mussolini apes.|_ © ACRAME 1% » May 16.— But the important difference between His mind at e George M. Butler, -confessed gery, was held by Napoleon and Mussolin former helped to stabilize the rising is that the ° here today for authorities of ngs, N. Y, Butler said a troubled this plan not only would signify the | ers and peasants’ movement, but also | Party | “Foreign capital will be invited | to lease tracts of land for the cul- | tivation of coffee, rubber, fruit | and other products and for the | raising of cattle, sheep and | horses. Such enterprises will be furnished slave labor and will be Charter of 1800 London, May 16.—A striking par-| allel to the present British Anti-Unior Bill is found in the “Blacklegs* Char- t | ter” of 1799 and 1800 which carried| obligated to remit one-half of the the official name of the Combination| Jaborer’s wage to his owner, the Laws. | other half to be held by the gov- ti s ‘ | ernment until such time as his t Boe Rivsi stag li Seah | accumulated earnings will suffice hss =? ee waeede tae purchase his freedom, which, | the second Act, passed in consequence | according to estimates 20 far‘ ob- | polit igre rs y madhpeyhog em tainable, will be approximately | features, though it left the trade} unions at the mercy of the employers. | Boss Algo Judge. | Under the first act any workmar Ready Response. | This proposal has found a ready re- | sponse among American capitalists niwho are always looking for new} peasants that it spurns at the pre- sent moment all propaganda for indecision, which will sooner er later | elections, under the existing condi-| increase of wages could be brought |pia, in a report published by the fatally lead to a union with the land-| tions, organize instead in every fac-| before a single magistrate, and on) partment lords and with the foreign, capitalists. | tory, in every union, in each city and | viction, he could be sent to jail. The|“pthiopia, a Land of Vast Latent} Only by means of the complete ex-| town, in agrarian communities and | magistrate might be his own em-| Wealth, writes: propriation of the land and of the|in general in all workers’ organiza-| ployer. , | means for its cultivation, from the/tions, conimittees for workers and} great land owners, and its repartition | peasants defence against the reac- of poor landlord|tion and for a united front for a a NIP HIERN | as the means wany “acroae Ur “tne” existing counter revolutionary movement, only the immediate purging of the Army and the Public Administration by sifting out reactionary elements and the arming of the workers and pea- sants can there be a guarantee of real democratic elections. No elections until the repulsion of reaction. No elections -until the workers and peasants are guaranteed that they will be able to vote aceord- ing to the dictates of their conscience guided by their class interests! THE INTERESTS OF OUR CLASS, the working and peasant class, represent the real interests of our country drenched as it is with workers’ blood. Our interests are the interests of the majority of the Mexican people, our heroic people, vanguard of the revolutionary move- ment in Latin America. People of Mexico! A new world war is approaching. The Russian Revolution, the uprising of the Chinese people, the constant mene movement in all countries, and the | stubborn struggle of the revolutionary elements against the bloody ferocity ‘SOVIET UNION AND CHINA The Union of Socialist Soviet Re- publics and China are revealed as the only countries in which trade union- ism is actively on the upgrade, in the annual review of trade unfon mem- bership throughout the world issued by the Canadian department of labor. The department shows the workers of these two great countries almost sole- ly responsible for the increase of 1,- 904,067 in the strength of the world trade union army in 1926. The aggregate of organized work- ers at the close of 1926 in 46 coun- tries covered by the report was 38,- 388,966, At the close of 1925 there were 36,448,067 organized workers. The U, S. S. R. leads the world both in number of trade unionists and in gains compared with 1925. Unions at the end of 1926 are shown with 7,846,789 members compared with 6,604,684 at the close of 1925. Here is a gain of 1,242,105 members or nearly 20% in a single year, The rapid growth of Chinese trade unionism, the most important force in the nationalist movement, renders figures out of date almost as soon as they are published. The report shows 1,240,000 organizd Chinese workers compared with 300,000 at the close of 1925, a gain of 940,000 or more than 300%. Trade union figures for the 16 coun- tries as shown in the report are: Australia 729,155 Austria — + TWO MILLION MEMBERS; OTHER COUNTRIES LOSE ADD TO UNION POWER Belgium jers joining the Party that he built, China Thus the active balance in the first| Fill out the application below and Czecho-Slovakia | half of the year 1926-27 amounted to mail it, Become a member of the France | 121.4 million roubles, as compared Workers (Communist) Party and Germany 6,900,000 ‘with an adverse balance of 66 mill- | C@™TY forward the work of Comrade Great Britain 5,531,000 ion roubles in the first half ot | Buthenberg. Holland 517,914 1925-26, ___I want to become a member of the Italy 2,234,520 As compared with March, 1926, the Workers (Communist) Party. Mexico 838,000 exports in March, current year, were | yy, Poland 539,089 atthe same level (the exports in| NAME vceretecsereeseeereseseeees Russia 7,846,789 March, 1926, also being 57.4 million) Address .........cessseesees Spain 459,578 roubles), while imports decreased by | ae Sweden 451,650 28.9 per cent (67 million roubles in| Occupation ........scesecssesveces United States 9,959,222 March, 1926). The total turnover in In addition to the big gains in the Soviet Union and China there were small gains in Canada, Greece, Japan, Palestine and the United States. De- creases in trade union membership compared with 1925 were reported, Other figures, Latest figures from the Central Council of Trade Unions in the U. 8. S: R. place the total trade union mem- bership in that country at 9,539,200, Similarly the All-China Labor Fed- eration, in its appeal to the trade unions of the world, now claims 2,- 200,000 workers while the secretary of the Chinese seaman’s union speak- ing in Berlin estimated that 3,000,000 Chinese workers would be represented at this year’s trade union convention. These later figures swell the mem- bership of the world trade union army 4 ou Ay ee Coa Sa with the U, S. . R, an ina accounting for ahout, 12,000,000 of the total. ss who combined with any other work man for the purpose of! obtaining an} ields to conquer, The American consul at Aden, Ara- De-| headed, | of Commerce, “Ethiopia, or Abyssinia as the} To attempt te raise wages was in| country was formerly known, is one ‘itself a crime, and a man who tried|of the few productive regions of to persnade somebedy else_to leave Afriea in which no modern. derster + to ‘collect’ money fot the purpose of | Bie ideehd Wend nce Wchiopitt ages’ raising wages or resisting recuctions, | doubtedly enormous. Its soil is suit-| aid himself open to prosecution. able for grain cultivation on a large In fact so “boundless” were the | scale and it has rich resources of rub-| “erimes” created by the law that it|ber, coal, copper, silver, iron, gold,| was dangerous for workmen ‘v con-| potash and mica. Wild coffee grows | verse with one another vr with their|in abundance and only awaits scien-| own families. | tific cultivation to make it an im-! pia Dioe Cunt Seer {portant factor in the world’s coffee| | markets. | FOREIGN TRADE OF U SS. R.! “American cotton textiles used to) —* dominate the Ethopiag market, but of| late years they have given way to the cheaper Japanese goods. About a i .°* |quarter of the Ethopian textile im- U.S. S. R., the total volume of Soviet | si come from pion | foreign trade over the European) jang, . . It is probable that there| frontier reached 619 million roubles | aye fifty million silver dollars in the} in the first half of the economic year! country at present, most of which is| 1926-27 (October-March), as against | hidden in the ground.” 666 million roubles in the first half | of 1925-26. Ames \SACCO and VANZETTI SHALL NOT DIE! According to the returns of the People’s Commissariat of Trade of 1st quarter of 1926-27 (October, November, Decem Favorable Bal- Exports Imports Total ance (in. million roubles) Let’s Fight On! Join The Workers Party! ber) ....208.5 131.9 340.4 76.6 Jan. 1927.. 55.2 83.5 93.7 16.7] In the joss of Comrade Ruthen- Feb, “ 49.1 87.0 11.2| berg the Workers (Communist) Par- March “ 87.4 97.9 16.9|ty has lost its foremost leader and Total six the American working class its months staunchest fighter. This loss can only 1926-27 ,..370.2 248.8 619.0 121.4| be overcome by many militant work. five years.” i= | March, 1927, decreased 14.4 per cent against March of last year (114.4 million roubles in March, 1926), how- ever, the trade in March, current year, yielded an active balance of 16.9 mill- ion roubles, against an active balance of 0.4 million roubles in March, 1926, Rig Oi] Man In Jail. LONG BEACH, Cal., May 16,—-/ Fred W. Braddock, oil well drilling contractor, was under police guard at a hospital here today, suspected as the slayer of Mrs. Allie Brake, apartment house owner, who died under mysterious conditions. Au- thorities said they would seek a mur- cer complaint against Braddock fol- lowing the disclosures of a® drinking orgy in the oil man’s home. SACCO and VANZETTI SHALL NOT DIE! Union Affiliation........ ers Party, 108 East 14th Street, New York City; or if in other city to Workers Party, 1113 W. Washington Blv., Chicago, Ill. phiet, “The Workers’ Party, What it Stands For and Wh: | Workers Should Join,” : | berg pamphlet will be the basic pam- |phlet thruout the Ruthenberg Drive, 50 cents from every member and will receive 20 pamphlets for every mem- ber to sell or distribute, will get their pamphlets from the Dis- trict office--108 East 14th St. District write to The DAILY WORK- ER publishing Co,, 83 Kast First Street, New York City, or to the National Office, Workers Party, 1113 W. Washington Blyd,, Chicago, Ill. Mail this application to the Work- Distribute the Ruthenberg pam- (Communist) This Ruthen- Every Party Nucleus must collect Nuclei in the New York District Nuclei outside of the New York bourgeoisie system while Mussolini is vainly trying to stabilize a d. order,» nee impelled him to surrender to local police after two years of dodging arrest. * * * ORGE EASTMAN of Rochester, the Kodak man, has given $1,500,- 000 to establish a dental clinic in} London. John D. Rockefeller has donated a similar amount to the Uni- versity of London to get a new site. a i Both philanthropists will be highly | WORKERS! STOP THE MURDER praised by the beneficiaries, which) , OF SACCO AND VANZETTI Auto Painters Initiate 17. CHICAGO—(FP)—May 16.—Auto Painters Local 396, Chicago, initiated 17 new members at the last meeting. Fighting The Swivel-Chair Patriots The attack upon The DAILY WORKER by the Military Order of the World War and other patriotic organizations, reveals with startling clearness whom these organizations propose to fight. These gentlemen, as a rule, are not seen on the front line trenches, when our boys are called upon to make the world safe for Morgan’s millions. But when it comes to an attack upon labor, they are first on the job. They reveal themselves as noth- ing more or less than a Military Order for a War Upon Labor. It is because The DAILY WORKER is carrying on a militant struggle against the recent attempts to drag the United States into a new World War, that the present at- tack is made. It is because The DAILY WORKER exposes the machinations of such powerful combinations as the Insurance Trust, that it has incurred their enmity and fear. It is because The DAILY WORKER stands firmly behind the workers in the pres- ent offezsive of the bosses that they seek te suppress it. The workers will show these refined and bespatted bourgeoisie what it means to make war upon a labor organ. From thousands of mines, mills, factories and farms will come a torrent of whole-hearted support for The DAILY WORKER in this fight. The swivel- chair patriots have de- clared war. Let them | DAILY WORKER {| 33 First Street, ; New York, N. Y. Inclosed is my contribution of have it—straight from | sane dollars .... cents to the ‘ Ee Ruthenberg Sustaini the shoulder. Every dol- | (thenbere Sustaining Fund DAILY WORKER and for the defense of our paper. I will pay amount lar contributed and col- lected for the Defense Fund is a telling blow against the American Fascisti and the intol- the same regularly ; owery | Name .. } dies erable system for which fe j they stand. Do your bit | sai : now! | Attach check or money orders’