The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 12, 1926, Page 4

Page Four THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1218 W. Washington Rlvd., Chicago, Ml, Phone Monroe 4713 ——$—$—$— SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (In Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months /0 three months $2.00 three months ————. Address all mail and make out chee THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington $s to Blvd., Chicago, It, —— J LOUIS | VC WILLIAM F, DUNNE BERT MILLER ..... z ra some ditors Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1 cago, Ill, under the act of March rates on application, <> 200 ‘Adve: = = Britain Backs Down in China The onward march of the people’s armies of China and the rapid consolidation of the country behind them has forced upon the Brit- ish foreign office a belated sense of reality. The new British minister to China, Miles Lampson, replacing Sir Ronald Macleay, < rding to dispatches has full authority from the foreign ¢ to make the best a bad situation and save what he can out of the wreckage of British prestige and power in China. The general tenor of the news indicates that British diplomacy 1s prepared to go to the extent of recognizing the Kuomintang gov- ernment whether or not the other powers are ready to do so. | A Chicago Tribune dispatch from Shanghai states: Mr. Lampson said that Foreign Secretary Sir Austen Cham- berlain had given him a free hand to settle the troubles of Great Britain and China without respect for the treaty situation or relations with other powers....... 1] Mr. Lampson further warned the British interests to prepare for a complete treaty revision in case such is necessary, saying that it no longer will be possible to stand on the old rights....... Mr. Lampson’s immediate departure for Hankow is interpreted as meaning that the British have decided to grant de facto recognition to the Canton national government, making the best deal possible for the resumption of British trade. An event of tremendous significance in world affairs, the com- plete reversal of British policy in China, has stirred American im- perialism into action and the state department also has sent a rep- resentative to Hankowe Unable because of imperialist conflicts to get agreement with other powers for a campaign of aggression in China, Great Britain is now trying to regain her prestige and deal a blow to her American and Japanese rivals. Japan alone remains as a power witf a strong foree inside China—Chang Tso-lin. But these new developments weaken Japan and strengthen the Chinese national revolutionary government. Chang Tso-Lin’s forces both in the north and in and around Shanghai have had their base considerably undermined. There is now little likelihood of the proposed loan of $50,000,000 dollars from British interests to Chang Tso-lin going thru. Extra-territoriality is going into the discard. The Kuomintang government will make no treaty which does not abolish the areas in China in which Chinese law does not prevail and if, as it now ap- pears, Great Britain is forced to agree to this, the rest of the powers will have to do the same. The rise of China as a nation has been proceeding by geometrical progression since 1911 until in the last few months the revolutionary process has assumed a dazzling speed. This is a habit which revolutions have. SECRETARY OF LABOR BACKING DOWN FROM STAND ON ALIEN REGISTRATION; “WILLING TO MAKE IT VOLUNTARY” NOW (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Dec. 10.—That the opposition of the workers to the proposed alien registration and finger-printing laws, sponsored by the United States department of labor, has caused Secretary James J. Davis to weaken and leave himself room to “crawl from under” is seen by his annual report submitted to congress. Davis declares in the report that now he “is willing to make the registration voluntary” to prove his “good faith.” In previous reports he urged compulsory registration of aliens. Davis bases his desire for the registration on the reason that it will make it easier for the alien to prove his legal arrival in the United States, and thus expedite naturalization, “All aliens who are thus enrolled,” he Sars, “would be entitled to use the———— facts contained in that record 48 4) industrial controversies which refuse basis for certificate of arrival for use]: yield to any other matters have in naturalization proceedings or 1s-|}oon satisfactorily settled in joint con- suance of a form to re-enter should |forences arranged and guided by im- suoh be required.” partial government mediators.” He Not Espionage, He Says. praises congress for “accepting the “I want to emphasize,” he states,|Same principle” in establishing the “that I propose no police registration | Watson-Parker railway labor board, or regulation. Objection has been | Which has the same purpose. raised to enrollment projects on the Reports Child Labor Increase, assumption that it is an espionage proposal. My object is far removed from that, and in order that the mer- its of enrollment as I suggested may be fairly tried I am willing that my recommendation be put into effect on @ voluntary basis. I am. con- vinced that even a voluntary enroll- ment of aliens would serve to benefit those who take advantage of it, and enable us to know those aliens among us who have intentions of becoming citizens.” ™ Class Collaboration Propaganda, A major part of Davis’ report is de- voted to propaganda to foster class collaboration. In his conclusions, he says: “The problems of the future in America are more and more cer- tain to be not political, but industrial and economic problems, Every ef- fort should be made to maintain har- mony and good will between worker and employer, which so largely ac- counts for our present prosperity. Bery man who employs others, every man who devotes his skill to another for hire, should never lose his pres: ent realization of the fact that both are partners in a single business, in- M@ispensable to the business and to each other. To the perpetuation of that spirit of partnership in industry the department of labor should al- ways and whole-heartedly be com- mitted, Favors Strike-Breaking, Davis says he is convinced that his method of strike-breaking by means ot government conciliators is sound, “Tt his been demonstrated that grave / Child labor is on the increase in the United States, the réport says. Defi- nite figures are not given, but the sec- retary reports that in 23 out of 28 cities with a population of 100,000 or more the number of children between the ages of 14 and 16 that have left school go into industry, has increased in the fiscal year over the correspond- ing period last year. Sees Women’s Problems, The department is taking cogni- zance of the fact that there are a great number of Women now in indus- try in the United States. A large part of the report is devoted to this. “Census figures show that the num. ber of wage-earning women {s con- stantly increasing,” the report says, “and that employment of women in industria] enterprises is not a tem- porary measure. It is now also real- ized that there is a great need for ecommendations in regard to stand- uds of women’s employment, due to he fact that women have been in a weaker economic position than men, Therefore it is necessary to give op- portunity for the upbuilding of safe- guards to conserve alike an industrial efficiency and the health of the women, and to make it impossible for selfish interests to exploit them as un- willing competitors in lowering those standards of wages. HZANDAY WORKER Revolutionary, (An Interview with Sze Toa Chan, By WILLIAM F, DUNNE, is HEN will Shanghai be taken by the people’s armies?” I asked Sze Ttoa Chan, member of the com- mittee for education of the Canton city government and here as special investigator of education for the Kuo- mintang, as we sat in his modest room in the Metropole Hotel It is difficult to say just when hai wiil fall to the people's ar- he replied, “but that it will fall is certain, because the people of | China solidly support the people's gov- ernment.” Z. 2 as quietly as if we were W discussing the flavor of tea in- |stea@ of the struggle of 449,000,000 niliion people for freedom: struggle | which has shaken the whol ucture of world imperialism to its founda- tions, He i | ple: a slender, studious-looking and nt-voiced Cantonese with the Tan Yen-kai Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Peoples Government. small, beautifully-kept hands of the Chinese intellectual. One finds it sind of hands that in the early days of the revolutionary movement under Dr, Sun Yat Sen wielded sword, rifle ind revolver with deadly effect against the Manchu troops. ZE is only 37 years old, but has been active in the Chinese national government for 14.years. He attend- ed high school and the National Uni- retary of the Chinese national cour in 1914 and principal of the Continual School in the city of Canton until 1919. In 1914 he was sent to Japan Gen. Ho Ying-ching Bs Comm, of the Campaign in Fukien. Vice-President of Huang Pu Military Academy. as a special representative of the Can- ton government to study educational methods. In 1925 he was a member of the committee on textbooks for young men of the education depart- ment of the central committee of the Chinese national party, He was also secretary of the second national con- ference in 1925, held under the auspices of the Chinese national party, nd a member of the committee of 300 for provincial conferences, He is a member of the central committee of 700 of the Teachers’ Association and of the central committee of 9 of the Chinese nationalist party, Nige was & memper of the committee which devised the present plan of uass education now in effect ’in the ‘erritories governed by the people’s party (Kuomintang), “Will the people’s party, since ita recent victories in central China, now begin an energetic campaign for rec- ognition by the imperialist powers?” [ asked, ner Somewhat to my surprise, Sze said: “The people's government is not now greatly concerned over the ques- tion of recognition. It feels that its main task now is the complete defeat of imperialism and miilitarism and the establishment of @ powerful govern- hard to realize that these were the | versity of Pekin, 1909-12..He was sec- | THE DAILY WORKER aan ment which can take care of the inter- ests of the Chinese people against all enemies—external and internal. Our government is anxious to get at work of building the New China al quickly ag possible.” “T)O you think there has been a change in American policy to- wards China recently?” I asked. “I think not,” said Sze, “America has been more friendly than the other powers, and we hope she will follow the example of Soviet Russia and. take the lead in abolishing the un- equal treaties.” Ses A few more questions on foreign policy and relations the people's government followed. ( Perhaps Sze felt the interview wag drifting to a discussion of matters too delicate for ;him to be quoted upon, for he said: “Tam not a diplomat (and my knowl- jedge of foreign affairg fs limited, Ty |am better informed on the'educational jactivities of the people's govern- | ment.” (From here on in ‘this: article the ‘Socratic method of questions and an- swers will be abandoned and as the | interview covered a wide range of sub- | jects I will try to give the views of Sze Toa Chan on them in my own words and under specifit‘headings,) FIRST REPRESENTATIVE OF KUOMINTANG GOVT, SPEAKS HERE SUNDAY China and Foreigners. EITHER the people's: government nor the Chinese pedple who sup- port it are against foreigners as such. They have no anti-foreign prejudices, but are solidly united against the im- perialists, The foreign press, including the American papers, is absolutely false in its stories of outrages against for- eigners. In Canton, even during the height of the boycott of Hongkong, when anti-British feeling was at fever heat, an Englishman was perfectly safe on the streets. This attitude of the Chinese population is to be com- mended highly in view of the brutality of the foreign police forces and such occurrences as the bombardment of Wahsien by a British gunboat and the massacre of striking workers in Shanghai by foreigners. There is per- General F. L. Li me Commander of the Fifth Division of the Revolutionary Army. __—$———$————“ _ fect order in Canton for the first time in fifteen years. . The Kuomintang Party and Govern- ment. HE Kuomintang, organized by Dr. Sun Yat Sen is “the party of na- tional liberation.” This is not to be construed in the narrow sense of lib- eration from foreign rule alone, but according to the meaning of the San- Min doctrine of Sun Yat Sen. (Into English it can be translated as the three-fold people theoty.) The doc- trine consists of: 1,\,National free- dom and equality for aie 3. Po- litical rights for the le. 3, Eeo- nomic rights for the peasants and workers. The Kuo! 2 is there- fore a party of national liberation in the sense that it organizes the masses for struggle against imperialist rule, militarists and political,economic and cultural obstacles, is General C. Chen 3 i Ee Commander of the Sixth Division of the Revolutionary Army. SZE TOA CHAN Former minister of education In the Canton government of China, is now in the United States on an edu- cational mission for his government. He is the first envoy of the Kuomin- tang to come to America and will tell Chicago workers at Northwest Hall on Sunday about the great struggle for Chinese liberation, a hes Kuomintang has 800,000 mem- bers, The great bulk of the mem- bership are workers and students. Bighty per cent of the Chinese popu- lation are workers and peasants and the party bases itself on this section of the people. It places the greatest emphasis on education—not only on formal .educa- tion, ag do capitalist parties and gov- ernments, but on political education of the masses. It has reorganized the whole educational system in southern China and is carrying on this same work in other sections as they pass into its control, S a part of this work all old text- books are being re-written and new ones prepared. Sun Yat Sen University is being reorganized and an extensive network of schools has already been established. Hundreds between the left and center, in which the question of the relations with the Communist Party as well as the rela- tions with the Union of Sootalist So- viet Republics figured prominently. As a result of this controversy Wan Chi Wel, leader of the extreme left of the Kuomintang, and Ho An Min, a very able and brilliant leader, were defeated by Chang Kai Shek and with- drawn from the political work of the party, [ breach bas now been healed. Chang Kai Shek has asked Wan Chin Wei to return. The extraordi- nary conference of the party held re- cently in Canton appointed a special committee of five to ask Wan to re- sume his activity and also sent him a telegram of welcome, The party has been strengthened greatly by this de- velopment. The Kuomintang is keenly inter- ested in the struggles of all races and nationalities oppressed by imperial- ism, and inCanton there are con- stantly a large number of coloniat leaders studying the Chinese revolu-} tion. The People's Government. HE) government in this period is a government of the Kuomintang party. The structure of the govern- ment follows very closely that of the party itself and there is littie dif- ference between the two, The political bureau is the leading organ of the government and is ap- pointed by the party. When the coun- try has been consolidated there will be popular elections. Opposition Parties. There is no serious popular opposi- tion to the Kuomintang. British agents organized the “Constitutional purpose of combatting “sovietism, com- purpose of combating “sovietism, com- munism and bolshevism” and purging China of “the red. menace.” This campaign, altho supported by Wu Pei- fu, never gained any popular support. The Army. HB) people’s army is the weapon “ of the masses and is democrati- cally organized. There are Russian General C. S. Li of teachers are being specially trained | § for this work, Others---are-.-being trained to give vocational education. In Canton alone there have been established 45 grade schools, 13 high schools and five middle schools, All members of the Chinese Com- munist Party are also members of the Kuomintang. The Communists are the organizers of the trade union movement, which is the advance guard of the liberation movement, and most of the propaganda work of the Kuo- ' Gen. Tang Sun-chih Gommanaer of the Hankow-Wuchang- Hanyang campaign, mintang ig conducted by the Commu- nists, Party Structure, 4 bee Kuomintang is administered by a political bureau of 16 members elected by the central committee, which in turn is elected by a con- vention. The party is organized into sections, to carry on work in their respective flelds—trade union, peasant organiza- tion, youth, women, military, ete. At the head of the various sections is a member of the political bureau and g committee, The Kuomintang has 80,000 mem- bers in other countries, 20,000 of them in America, Seventy per cent of all Chinose in Canada belong to the Kuo- mintang, Right and Left Wings. M seed right wing in the Kuomintang 1s practically liquidated and has lost all influence both in the and among the masses. Its only cen- ter is in Sharthat, Thore was a strugele in the Ranh Commander of the Fourth Division of the Revolutionary Army. military advisers attached to its units. Chang Kai Shek is commander-in- chief, appointed to this post by the political bureau just before the begin- ning of the drive north and west from Canton, which has brought the rich Yangtse valley under control of tho people's government, Chang Kai Shek, like many other people’s government officials, is a graduate of Tokio Military Academy. He is a member of the political bu- reau and visited Russia in 1922-23. Oddly enough, Chang is a school- mate of Sun Chuang Fang, the ally of Wu Pet-fu and Great Britain, whom the people’s army is chasing out of the Yangtze valley. Women and the People’s Government, NE of the big achievements of the party and the government has been the political emancipation of women, They are now on a basis of complete equality. There are women members of the central committee of the Kuomintang and the work of the Gen. Chen Ming-su Cantonese leader who defeated i Canton Speaks to (Chicago Special Educational Investigator in America for the Canton Government) Gen. Chang Kishk 4 Commander-in-Chief of the Peopies (Kuomintang) Armies women’s department of the party is considered as one of the most impor- ant tasks. in a country where women 1ave been held as chattels for centu- ‘ies the progress made so far is a tre- mendous achievement, Organization of Indust: HE people’s government plang to organize industry in the New China in accord with the third point in the San-Min doctrine, i. e., economic General P.T. Cha ee | Commander of the Third Division of | the Revolutionary Army. TE anaes rights for the workers and peasants. All basic industry will be owned by the state and a form of progressive taxation developed which will make the accumulation of big estates im- possible, : The manner in which the docks at Whampoa—the new port of Canton, which, when completed, will make the British port of Hongkong useless—are being financed is very interesting. The people's government has appro- priated $10,000,000 and the people have raised $10,000,000. As the gov- ernment is a people’s government, this arrangement typifies the close bonds between it and the masses, British interests have been dealt a severe blow by this scheme. The big- gest American steamship line in the Wang Ching-Wei N Veteran Lieutenant of Sun Yat Sen a a naan nnS NORE Pacifio—the Dollar line—is now using the port of Whampoa instead of Hong: kong, Good Wishes for DAILY WORKER, pe TOA CHAN conveyed his thanks to The DAILY WORKER and his best wishes for the success of the struggle it wages against imperialism and for the Chinese liberation move- ment, The interview lasted two and on half hours, but at no time did ‘Seo show any signs of weariness, althi immense pile of documents on h table were evidence of the wo which had been interrupted a the exhaustive investigation he making of the vocatio: ainenlee tem in Amerioa, ad ait +