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SOVIETS MAKE EGONOMICS FROM ARMS QUESTION America Is Blocking the Geneva Program CAN'T DIVORCE | GENEVA, Dec, 2.—The civil sub- committee of the preparatory commis- sion for the disarmament conference, now meeting here, refrained from de- bating the report of the joint commis- sion on disarmament’ questions, It referred to the report to the prepara- tory commission without comment, de- claring it impossible to consider dis- armament matters separate from eco- nomic and political factors and that the sub-committee is incapable of deal- ing with such matters, This action wags taken on motion of Lord Cecil of Great Britain and backed by the American representa- tive, who is opposed to all of the recommendations, Points Considered, The following five points are being considered trom the economic angle: Tnspettion of armaments, collection of information, limitation of military budgets, consideration of effects of various elements on the ‘war strength of nations, and regional disarmament agreements, U, S. Against Everything. “. The Americans have gone on record a3 being opposed to any form of con- trol on the United States, declaring that Washington would not submit to any inspection and definitely op- posed any budgetary comparison of countries. The delegates are trying to find some means of proposing defi- nite plans to bring about equalization of armaments, but théy are blocked at every angle by American opposi- tion. ~- The proposal of the joint commis- sion is that each country submit a budget of its military expenditures in such a form as to allow for peculiar characteristics to form as a basis. However, America sees in this a form of control and is firm against it. ‘The preparatory commission itself \ will have to thrash the matter out. Royal Mail Purchases White Star Line, Now Largest in the World LONDON, Dec. 2.—The Royal Mail Steam Packet company has purchas- ed the White Star line’ from the Oceanic Steam Navigation company, and now controls the largest steam- ship system in the.world. The. pur- chase price is to be $34,000,000. The, purchase gives the Royal Mail 38 more ships, including some of the largest in the world. The company now controls the White Star line, Pacific Steam Navi- gation company, Nelson Steam Navi- gation company, Royal Mail Steam ‘Packet Meat Transport, Limited, and MacAndrews, Limited, as well as hay- ing large interests in the Argentine Navigation company, the Union Castle Mail Steamship company, Elder Demp- ster & Co., and Lamport & Holt, Lim- ited. 7 Why not a small bundle of The DAILY WORKER sent to you regular ly to take to your trade unlon meeting? CHURCH OFFERS CHOICE | OF PRIVATE PROPERTY OR FREE-FOR-ALL WIFE (Special to The Daily Worker) MEXICO CITY, Dec. 2. — In a statement issued by the Mexican Episcopate on the subject of the » « altercation between the government and the church, occurs this para- graph: “There dre two factions in the fight, Christianity and Bolshevism. The defense of Christian civiliza- tion is based upon religion, the sanctity of matrimony, private prop- perty, sane liberty, as against the Communistic Utopias of socialism, free love, and the subjection of re- ligion to the state”. ~ It will be noticed that the admis- sion that the church stands for pri- vate property Is nicely balanced against the fake and threadbare ‘charge that the Communists prac- tice free love, has COMPANY UNIONS "al Genciustone by The first booklet of its kind. issued, A most valuable study of the growth of a new menace to American organized Labor 4 } Miler yetstenyy sts a abn lem. imple and most inter- esting ieaalos with the addi- tion of conclusions drawn by the leader of the Aautien Left Wing Movement, 8.25 THE MOVEMENT FOR WORLD TRADE UNION > UNITY . » By TOM BELL In this booklet, every phase of the problem is presented and _| facts are given on steps already | taken, A_ timely ey impor- Fant publication, : ck Pe “¥ Shad presto baahwuks ad Dec. 31st is the last date upon which oil and other foreign companies may abide by the new oil and land laws of Mexico requiring foreign firms to take out concessions for fifty years in place of the titles of sole owner- ship to the land they now hold. All the large English companies and some small American concerns have complied with the law. But Stand- ard Oil, Sinclair afd the big Ameri- can firms with millions of dollars worth of property have said they will rely upon the state department of the U. S. to force the Mexican gov- ernment to withdraw from its posi- tion, ‘The laws which Zo into effect the first of the year were passed in 1924 and are based on the Mexican con- stitution of 1917. The Calles admin- istration in Mexico is standing on its sovereign rights as a government in making legislation. -which is calcu- jated to result in a more equitable distribution of wealth in Mexico and to put an end to the foreign domina- tion that has been the upshot of the control of a large part of the econo- mic resources of Mexico by foreign imperialists, notably Wall Street, Pacric OCEAN Norris: > Secretary Kellogg has in effect no- tified the Calles government that re- lations with Mexico will be broken off on the 31st of Dec. when the first of the American companies’ proper- tles becomes open to denouncement for failing to register its titles. The Calles administration is standing firm and ‘declaring that it will carry out the laws of Mexico. Senator Borah, chairman of the for- eign relations committee of the up- per house, has declared, with Sena- tor Norris, a member of the commit- tee, that he is in disagreement with the state department and that the charges of Kellogg that the Mexican government is “bolshevik” and that it is trying to “confiscate” American property are mere propaganda. The two senators say they will oppose the breaking off of relations with Mexico. There is also the question of Nica- ragua where Wall Street has millions of dollars invested and which, to all intents and purposes is now goyerned by the United States navy. The s0- called president of Nicaragua, Diaz, is but a tool of United States inter- PROPOSED CANAL, ests and was “elected” during a spuri- } (me DAILY WORKER zm A ous sitting of the chamber of depu- ties under the noses of numerous ma- chine guns. Kellogg has charged that Mexican “bolshevik” influences have been operating in Nicaragua and that the navy is there to “protect” the Nica- raguans against them, But the United States is interested in Nicaragua and has set up Diaz as its puppet presi- dent for entirely different reasons. The map above shows the route of a projected new canal connecting the Pacific and _Atjantic Oceans. The same stunt is, being played with re- gard to Nicaragua as was played on Panama when,the first canal was built. Panama is now a mere colony of the United States. The building of the Nicaraguan canal would mean the same thing for Nicaragua, The struggle,dn Mexico and Nica- ragua is a struggle between the sov- ereign rights of independent people and the encroachment of United States imperiali; All Latin-Ameri- ca is watching’ this arena and its sympathies are Gécidedly against the further advancement of Wall Street thru the medium of the U. S. navy, in the Caribbean area and south. The Spanish-Moroccan Problem (Written for The Daily Worker) MADRID—To those who have been in contact with the Rifflans and know a little of their psychology and of their great love of territorial inde- pendence, it was evident that Abd-el- Krim’s surrender did not mean the end of the Morrocan war. Abd-el- Krim was one of the Riff’s most sig- nificant chiefs, but there were other leaders not ready to submit to the corruptive policy developed in Mor- occo jointly by the French and Span- ish imperialists, Since last June, when Abd-el-Krim’s surrender took place, there has hardly been a single day of peace and quiet in Morocco, From then until today, many Spanish soldiers have hey their lives in a fruitless sacri- ice. Keriro’s Death. While fighting against our army at Beni-Ider, Noy, 3rd, there was killed the Rifflan chief, the Keriro, who was the most powerful leader after Abd- el-Krim. Very young, only 30, he has for long been the enemy of Spain. In 1924, when Raisuni made a pact with Spain, the Keriro abandoned him, He performed the most audactously heroic feat in the whole Moroccan war when, with some of his partisans, he entered the city of Tetouan and shot up the town from the center of the Plaza de Pspana. The insurrection of the Djebala tribe was what gave the Keriro most fame and personality. He beselged Taza- rut, assaulted the palace, and impris- oned Raisurl. In consequence of his victory over Raisuni, Abd-el-Krim called the Keriro and went with him to Adjur, where he was presented with the custody of Raisuri’s person and with all his wealth. In addition he was created Caid of Djebala. After Abd-el-Krim’s surrender, the Keriro continued the war and was considered by the Rifflans as Abd-el- Krim’s successor. He was killed lead- ing the Beni Aros tribe when they were trying to stop the assault of Bent Ider by the Spanish army, Recent Sedition, Abd-el-Krim's surrender ended the war so far as big fronts and impor- tant battles, which only a chief of such military talent as he could carry out with success. But the independ- ent attacks, the favorite Moroccan strategy, continue. The Spanish press, with the permission of thé censorship, with some restrictions, has published the Bpanieh in thee Places of e ish “Precto: “In Ketama, the oles siren, At aretet troops were | the tacks are against the Behi Ider. These tribesmen resist the imperialists’ as- saults. Imperialist Rivairy. The rivalry between the French and Spanish imperialists is every day more acute, The press of the French zone has started a campaign against the Spanish action in Morocco, and the Spanish authorities at Larache have tried to stop this attack by the French press. ‘his rivalry is still greater when one considers the strife of the capitalists for ownership of the Riffians’ mines. The business inter- ests of the English, German, Dutch, French, and Spanish in the mining in- dustry are entirely at conflict. The Reichstag’s concession to the Mannasmann Bros. of a credit of 8,500,000 gold marks (about $2,000,000) will probably permit this big firm to acquire ownership of the most impor- tant mines in Morocco, which was the situation in 1914. . The Tangier Question. Primo de Rivera’s dictatorship has completely failed in its imperialistic aims in Tangier. The Spanish goy- ernment and colonists aimed at the complete control of the city of Tan- gier. They wished to revert to the 1928 status, signed by England, France, and Spain. At present Primo de Rivera's petitions are restricted to asking a wider participation in the city administration and the native col- ony. The sovereignty of the Sultan of Morocco will continue, which only means the full domination of France in the international zone, Flop-Housers, Listen! Goat Has Private Bath In connection with the Army-Navy football game, the capitalist press car- ried an item of overwhelming impor- tance to the workingclass of America. It did not, concern the training diet, the coaciting, the average weight of the teams, or the box receipts. It is a piece of national news of especial interest to workers who occupy cheap lodgings, or house their families in basement apartments, or buy a bed from night to night at @ flop-house on West Madison or State street, or en- joy the accemmodations afforded by the Salvation Army's Workingman's Palace. It will interest social work- ers, heads of, settlement houses, and bourgeois reformers. Tt is thiay simply this: ‘The goat «which 18 the mascot of | ot lpmanatt i Ccago A ROOM WITH Ricratisiacinin MUSSOLINE WOULD FORCE GLASS COLLABORATION ON LABOR BY PASSING LAWS 6 (Special to The Dally Worker) ROME, Dee.) 2—With the trade unions abolished, Mussolini is now busying himself with the drawing up of a “labor code” to further crush tlie Italian working class. The code, which presidents of corporations are aiding to prepare, will serve as a basis for labor legislation to be passed soon, One of the prime features of the code will be an attempt to legislate a spirit of class collaboration into the workers, Mussolini believes he can make the workers take more interest in producing. more goods by passing GIFT TO CHINA FOR EDUCATION $300,000 of Indemnity Fund for Schools | PEKING, Dec. 2.—To aid public ed- ucation in China $300,000 has been | given to the high schools of Peking | by the Soviet Republic, according to word received here, The money was secured for the schools by Ambassador Karakhan, who is now in Moscow. Inasmuch as the high school in-| structors walked out on strike Wednesday, having failed to get their pay for the past three months, the gift from the Soviets will probably mean resumption of the interrupted middle school curriculum, Other Gifts. Before the departure of Ambassador Karakhan in September on his return to Moscow he was approached by a group of local educators, who asked his assistance in getting financial aid from the Soviet Republic. Recently $200,000 was sent to the universities by the Soviet govern- ment. The money given today brings the total contribution to $500,000. The money was from the Boxer indemnity, Lack of money by the local govern- ment offices has been responsible for the faflure to pay the school teachers, it has been claimed. Czar’s Handymen and White Guards’ Dupes Must Pay for Crimes MOSCOW, U. S. S. R., Dec, 2. — Three trials now going on in three separate cities of the Soviet Union confirm the old adage that the mills of the gods grind slowly. Men who played despicable parts under the czar or later as counter-revolutionists have in many cases dared to continue living under the Soviets, hoping to escape detection. Wow and then one of them is recognized and brought to trial. In Leningrad there is going on the trial of one Erinst. A Lettish working inan happened to recognize one day lasu'summer in the person of the tare- taker of a suburban villa none other than the Erinst who had been com- mandant of the infamous “Riga Mu- seum,” the torture chamber in which the czar’s) agents took vengeance against the Lettish people after the abortive revolution of 1905, At Minsk Peter Romanenko is stand- ing trial’ His career has been as vicious as variegated. An ex-officer of the czar’s army, he served with General Denikin and they transferred his allegiance to the Red Army. He was short in his accounts and fled to Latvia, There, on the border, he es- tablished a mixture of espionage and smuggling, and paid Russian peasants in silk hose for Soviet secrets, which he sold for good cash to the Latvian government. The Latvians tired of him and suggested that he move back across the border. Forced to do so, he gave himself up to the Soviet se- cret police, implicated all his accom- piices, and calmly offered to sell Lat- visu secret intelligence to the Soviets, At Odessa, Kozlenko, who acted as executioner in 1919, when four Com- munist workers were hanged under the French occupation, was recognized by a sister of one of the hanged men. He, too, is up for trial. Judge Denies State’s Motion for New Trial Jaws. It is possible that in the laws will be incorporated minimum produc- tion speed requirements, as well as hours and by ti University, Press and Auto Bosses Toast New Governor of Michigan DETROIT, Mich., Dec, 2. — A few days after the Michigan state elec- tions, the head of the University of Michigan arranged a little dinner par- ty In celebration of the victory at the election pollsyvThe dinner party was attended by four men and their wives representing the four powerful institu- tions of the capitalist system. Dry! Clarence Cook ‘Little, president of the University of "Michigan, acting as the host, represented the educational insti- tutions of the state; A. H. Vanderburg, editor of the'’Grand Rapids Herald, was present as the symbol of the cap- {talist press; Fred W. Green, the newly elected governor of Michigan, was the apparent guest of honor, and victors in the election campaign, the automobile manufacturers of Michi- gan. Little imagination is needed to guess the nature of the toasts they made to One another over their vic- tory dinner, Given $100,000 Bond CANTON, 0. Dec, 2, — After a lengthy argument before Judge Edwin Diehl, the gourt today admitted to bond, Ben Rudner and Louis Mazer, two of the three men indicted on a charge of first degree murder for the | killing of Don Mellett, Canton Daily News ny) ee oh bond was set at and of M $60,000 “q in Hall-Mills Murder SOMERVILLE, N. J., Dec, 2. — The state’s motion for a mistrial in the Hall-Mills case was denied by Judge Charles W. Parker. . Prosecutor Alexander Simpson, in making the motion for mistrial this morning had charged the jury is biased and has a preconceived opinion on the verdict. Simpson presented affidavits from citizens of Somerville stating the jurors were not properly guarded, that they slept in court, that they freely discussed the case among themselves and with outsiders and that two of them had talked to members of the counsel for the defense, The members of the “million dollar” defense, seven of them sitting in a happening in American industry and+ | Advocates Speeding Up of Workers. GETTING WORKERS (Special to The mism,” however, there are some statem rage inrse “EVERYTHING ROSY IN U. S.”, SINGS HOOVER IN REPORT; PRIDES SELF ON TO DO MORE WORK Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Dec. 2,—‘Everything is beautiful in the lL That's the conclusion Secretary of Commerce Hoover ct o in his annual report on economic conditions in the United States. “There is no unemployment, the farmers are happy and contented, our financial organ- ization is running perfectly, and the country is safe for Coolidge and Wall treet,” thus runs the reasoning in ¢he 54-page document in which Hoover summarizes conditions in this country. Buried in a mass of “pollyanna” propaganda and “Rotary club optt ents in the report that reveal what is finance. That American industrialists are now definitely moving towards spé¢ ed: | ing up of the workers in order that fewer employes can produce more work is shown by the report. Hoover} dwells at length on his campaign for the “elimination of waste” in indus- try, and his chief source of pride is that American industry is now be ginning to speed up its workers. He gives the railroads as a shining ex- ample of this. More Work; Less Workers. Hoover points with pride to these figures: In 1921 the rallroads em- ployed 1,869,501 workers to load 42,332,670 cars; in 1926 (fiscal year) the railroads employed only 1,782,- 733 workers and loaded 51,916,798 cars. Following his advice, as Hoo- ver points out, the railroads have been able to force approximately a 100,000 less workers to do 15 per cent more work than before. Knocks Government Operation. In this ‘connection Hoover takes the opportunity of using his report to bolster up private business and at- tack government operation. Hoover says: “It is an interest- ing commentary upon government operation that private enterprise has been able to operate the rail- ways with far fewer employes and at the same time load almost 15 per cent more cars than the govern- ment administration.” He also says: “Probably the most outstand- ing single Industrial achievement since the war has been the reorgan- ization of our American railways. Our transportation was de- moralized by government operation during the war . . .” Foreign Trade Grows. In dealing with foreign trade, Hoo- ver’s report demonstrates how Ameri- can industrialists and capitalists are now more than ever inextricably in- terested in foreign conditions and for- eign policies. American foreign trade, he shows, now amounts to 16 per cent of the total world trade, while in 1913, it represented but 11 per cent. Ex- ports from. the U. 8. showed an in- crease in 1926 of 37 per cent over i913, while every other nation in the world, including England, showed an almost equal decrease. Warning to Workers. Hoover points out that foreign trade involving manufactured goods is assuming greater and greater im- portance. In this, he strikes a note of warning to the workers, as he em- phasizes the fact that the present scale of wai in the United States is a handicap to American manufac- turers who must compete with for elgn wage scales. Sees Trouble Ahead. he report forecasts possible trap bl# between the United States and foreign countries in connection with foreign government monopolies of cer: tain necessary commodities. Hoover declares that he abhors the necessity of government interference to prevent control of world goods, but indfeates that if interference is necessary the U od States is ready to “take neces sary steps.” He especially mentions the follow. ing goods as being controlled by for eign governments: rubber, long-staple cotton, camphor, coffee, iodine, ni- trates, potash, mercury, and sisal. Government Interference, “The economic objection to these controls is the stifling of production thru forced restriction combined with price-fixing resulting in arbitrary high prices,” the report declares. “Public relations resulting from gov- ernmental controls are even more ob- jectionable than the economic loss. es . The result has been and always -will be that the just com plaints of consumers drags our gov ernment into relations which shoul¢ be left to the higgling of the mar ket. This injection of the _ govern ment inevitably results in the arous ing of national feeling . , .” Then Hoover comes to this con clusion: “It is safe to say that i the conduct of industry is left im th: hands of the private individuals the: will not cut,the throats of their cop sumers.” Everything Is Fine! Hoover summarized national ecc nomic conditions in the following par agraph: “The fiscal year of 1925-2 has been one never surpassed in*ou history in the volume of productio: and consumption, in the physics quantity of exports and imports, an in the rate of wages. There has bee practically no unemployment. Fu ther progress has been made in th efficiency of management and labc and in scientific research and inve: tion. As in the preceeding year, ther were few points where conditior were less satisfactory, as in the Ne England textile industry, two or thre sections of the agricultural industr and the bituminous coal industry. C the whole, however, the couatry wi able to maintain the highcst stan ard of living in its history, a standa: far above that in most other cou tries of the world, at this time or a) other time. This represents a remar able recovery from the great loss incurred by the nation in the wor war.” Chief of Chemicals, in Gaseous Reports, Discloses Weak Spot WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 2.—Maj. Gen. chemical warfare service, while not mentioning the Geneva protocol for- bidding the use of gas in warfare, which will come before the senate this winter, urges in his annual re- port that the personnel of his depart-| ment be trebled and that larger ap- propriations be granted him. In fact, he argues for the retention of gas warfare on the ground that gas is more used to cause temporary Inca- pacity than for killing soldiers out- right. His report recalls the unanimity with which each department of the army ‘and navy proves conclusively that it is the weakest part of the na- tional defense and therefore needs more money and officers. It has been proved to us that the coast defense is our weakest spot, that it’s the navy, that it’s the ordnance department, and so on down the list. No one has yet suggested that it is the Commander in Chief. Phalanx around their table, looked immensely relieved. Mrs. Frances Stevens Hall and her two brothers, Henry and Willie Stevens, turned to each other and smiled broadly. Want No More Unemployed. SYDNEY—(FP)—Tile British em- pire parliamentary delegation is in Australia engaging in propaganda for unloading British nuemployed. Mem- bers of the delegation, particularly the marquis of Salsbury and Arthur Hen- dprson of the British Labor party, met strenuous oppsition from Australian workers, who said they had an unem- ployment problem of their own. Apartment Fire Takes 3, LOS ANGELES, Cal, Dec, 2. — Three persons were burned to death early today in a fire which destroyed the Rangeley apartments in the down- town district, The dead: Mrs. Eilzabeth Stagg, 60, of Lincoln, Nebr,, Mr. W. Rockwell, 67, and Mrs, W.'R I, 60, Roche- ster, NX Civil Liberties Will Aid Rowan in Fight for His Citizenship NEW YORK, Dec, 2.—The fight of James Rowan of Spokane, Wash., to retain his citizenship, cancelled by Judge Stanley Webster of Spokane last March, is receiving the support of the American Civil Liberties Union, The organization is making an appeal for financial ald in the fight. Austin Lewis, San Francisco attorney for the union, will argue Rowan’s appeal in the United States circuit court of ap- peals in San Francisco in February. Born in Ireland, Rowan was natu ralized in Massachusetts in 1907, Dur- ing his imprisonment in Leavenworth in 1920 the government filed in Spo- kane a charge of misrepresentation in securing his citizenship. The charge was based on Powan's mem- bership in the Industrial Workers of the World since 1912 and his convic- tion under the espionage act in 1918 Chile Government Is Favorable to Kellogg Plan for Tacna-Aric SANTIAGO, Chile, Dec. 2.— Alt Amos A. Fries, chief of the|there has been newspaper critici: snd indications of opposition fre members of parliament, it was learn today that the Chilean governme finds Secretary Kelloge’s new form: for settlement of the Tacna-Arica ¢ pute a very acceptable basis, acco ing to an official of the foreign off ATOVEREONGEEENOGENAUOAEANGNOOEANOEAEGINI Advertise The DAILY WORKE] Every page of The Dally Worker ¢ | tains 140 inches—or seven 20-inch ¢olur \of printed matter. | When measuring an Ad, measure de on single column—and if more than column Ad is wanted multiply by. ni ber of columns wanted. For instance 12-inch Ad may be elther 4 inche columns, 6 inches 2 columns or 12 ab column inches. 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