The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 8, 1926, Page 3

CHINESE UNITE IN BOYCOTT To DUST BRITISH All Classes to Fight Brit- ish Business Peking, Sept. 17.—(By Mail)—- The Peking government has addressed a note of protest to the British ambas- sador in connection with the attack of the British forces on the Yangtse. The professors of the National Uni- versity of Peking have sent a letter of protest to the British parliament in connection with the blood bath of ‘Wanshein. Unite Against British, ‘The newspapers In Washington call upon the Chinese people to unite to fight against the British imperialists, To this end it is proposed; To cre- ate a national union hostile to Great Britain, to establish a complete boy- oott of all British goods, to buy no foodstuffs from Britishers, to “break off all.economic relations with Great Britain, to prohibit British ships from entering Chinese Waters, to abolish the unequal agreements and to de- mand compensation for the families of the dead and wounded in Wan- shien, and compensation for the “dam- age done to property, Menchants Join Protest. The foreign ministry has approved of the petition of the Chinese Mer chants’ Federation which contains the following demands: No extension of the unequal treaties after they have expired, the signing of new treaties upon the basis of equality, a note to the foreign powers to the effect that after 1929 customs autonomy will be once again introduced, the represen- tattves of the Chamber of, Commerce ghall be permitted to take part inthe economic work of the customs com- mission of Shanghai. British Bring Troops. British mercantile vessels which in consequence of the boycott have avoided Canton harbor for over a year have now appeared thers once again military forces on board. The Chinese press takes this as a proof that Great Britain intends to break the blockade by force. The press expects complications. Soviet Labor Unions Ask British to Join Protest Over China MOSOOW, Sept. 17—(By Mail.)— The Central Council of Soviet Labor Unions has. directed.a telegram.to the general council of the British Yrades Union Congress expressing its indig- nation at the brutal bombardment of the unprotected Chinese town Wan- hsten by British imperialists and -ex- Presses the hope that the British trades unions will join with the un- ions of the U.S. S. R. in this protest against the brutal violence accorded to the Chinese people. _——————————— — , The petiod which elapsed since the signing of the Locarno pact up to the time of the Geneva meeting ef the league of nations has not seen the liquidation of any one of the four war fronts of International capitalism. The spirit of sweet- Mees and peace which was to be generated out of Locarno has not materialized. instead, the contra- dictions and conflicts have been con- siderably sharpened: No ¢onsiderable progress has France May Ratify’ Debt Pacts, But to Add ‘Reservation’ PARIS, Oct. 5.—Henry Simon, pres!- dent of the finance commission of the chamber of deputies, today told the commission that the government probably would ask ratification of the London and Washington debt agree- ments, “with reservations,” before the end of the year, M. Simon's an- nouncement was made directly after a conference with Premier Poincare, “FRENCH FORD” ECHOES IDEAS OF U. S. HENRY Talks Just Like Our Own Slave Driver PARIS, Oct. 6—A similar philan- thropist with a greatly intensified sys- tem of exploitation a la Ford is the’ owner of the greatest French auto- mobile factory, who is known as the French Ford: Citroen-Paris. |Fordism Descends On Germany By MAX BEDACHT. HE economic system of Henry Ford has become in Germany much more than merely an excellent meth od to make money, In Germany, Ford is being taken more seriously than in America, “Fordism” there has become what Ford wants it to bei a “Weltanschauung.” What ts Ford's fundamental idea? Ford is a capitalist. For him the capitalist system is the last and final word in social development, The problem, as he sees it, is not: what better form of society will replace capitalism, Oh, no! There can be none better! But’ it 1s possible, ac- cording to Ford, to improve capital- ism! The improvement has two general objects, First: To increase the possi- bilities for making profit, and, second: To lessen the possibilities of dissatis- faction and thus of rebellion by the workers. All of Ford’s measures must be considered in the light of these two objectives. And it is just in the light of these two objectives that Fordism attains special significance in Ger- many. But it is also a Germany in which the inner contradiction of Ford's) objectives is clearly brought Two years ago the Citroen plant | to light, was reorganized completely on the Ford model, Labor is carried on mostly on,moying*tables. Concerning the great advantage of continuous work Mr, Citroen writes: “The machines must all be so arranged ‘that they He one behind the other and form a continuous chain similar to the chain of buckets used in putting out a fire, The people employed in this chain are mechanically compelled to per- form all the operations with cor responding speed. It is to be noticed very frequently that when the speed of operations increases in one place then there is a epeeding up of all the rest of. the opera- tions,’ Same as at Ford's. Reparations Burden, es reparations have put a tremen- dous burden upon-German econo- ! my. The German capitalists were never even for one moment in doubt about whether they themselves should shoulder part of that burden. Just for a lost war a capitalist class does not violate’ the ten command- ments of capitalism: Thou shalt make profit—more and more and still more profit. The German capitalists, like those everywhere, had up to that-time pocketed the difference between the total value of production on one hand, and, roughly, the cost of sub- sistence, existence, and reproduction of the working class on the other. With the reparation burden, the ques- tion arose naturaly whether part of Several examples to show the meth. | ‘His difference should go for repara- ods of Citroen’s system: “The toilets must be very near to the workshop !n which the work is being done so that the workers are not compelled to be absent a long time and to run around in the fac- tory yard in order to get to the toflet and thus lose time.” And what doesn’t the benevolent boss do for his dear workers: “The workers must have the op- portunity in summer to refresh themselves without trouble. There- fore there must be set up in the workshops little water-fountains (naturally again for the sake of saying time!) with continually run- ning fresh water,” In another place, he explains: “It must be made easy for the worker to receive his pay so that no unnecesary time is lost at pay- time.’ is there any wonder the gentleman s is called the “Ford” of France? with it the knowl af the reestab- lishment of an old rival, for whose elimination from the world market England went to war, England is con- fronted net ‘only with a growing French industry, but also-with agrow- ing German export balance, and, es- sentially, the re-constititution of the calonial ambitions of a teborn Ger tion, If so, that part woyld be lost for the capitalists and the profits would thus be diminjshed. We have already stated that such a solution did not even for a moment receive consideration, a The capitalists declared that not. only their profits are inviolate, but also the chance to expand them. The Payment of reparations finally re- solved itself into the problem of in- creasing the difference between the cost-of subsistence, existence and re- production of the working class, and the value of the total of production. There was only ‘one method for that, and this method reduced itself to the command to the: workers: You must eat less and work more! And, as far as the German capitalists are con- cerned, here enters Henry Ford. Symbolize Ford. f gs the capitalists of Germany, Ford represents the principle of ystematization of production. In their eyes, Fordism is symbolized in THE DAILY WORKER the continnous chain production which permits a speed-up to the ut most limits of human endurance, But Ford is not merey a blind pro- fitmaker, He is also a devoted ad- herent of the capitalist system. He wishes not only to make as much money as possible while it lasts, but he-also desires to perpetuate the cap- italist system. His arguments are very simple, He says: First: No matter ‘how we speed up production, we could not profit from it without a parallel increase in wages for the worker. Why? Be- cause the workers cannot only be producers in the economic system, providing us with products, but they must also become consumers, buying the products from us, Second: Speed-up has a limitation, that of human ‘endurance, We must respect this. Mmitation and provide sufficient lefsure for the workers to enable them ‘to recuperate from exertions. Without @ chance to re generate spent energy the worker be- comes useless, Third: While thus high wages and short hours are really a matter of im- perative necessity for the very appll- cation of my system of speedy chain production, these “concessions” create with the workers the illusion of bene- volent capitaligm and thus protect capitalism from proletarian rebellions by way of prevention. Soclal-Democrats Enter. ND here is where the social-demo- crats enter. Say the social- iemocrats: Short ‘hours is one of our lemands, decent wages the workers must have. Why abolish capitalism ‘o get these things if capitalism it- self*as interpreted and organized by Ford is providing them? Why follow Marx on the road to-a revolutionary overthrow of capitalism if we oan have Ford peacefully reforming cap- italism? To ‘hell with Karl Marx! Let us have Henry Ford! Here we run into all the contra dictions of Fordism, German capital- ists hail Ford because he provided methods of ,increasing production. But in the realization of their com- mand to the workers of “Work more” they do not forget their order to them of “Eat less.” ‘Therefore, they ac- cept only onéjside of Fordism, but not the other of short hours and comparatively “decent wages. The social-democrats, on the other hand, see cially only the short hours of Ford’ and cover his speed-up and intensive) ¢xploitation with a mantle of chrigtian brotherly love. 4 Theory a Fallacy. AN all three of them, Henry Ford, Gérman capitalists and social-democrata,,.are blind to the utter fallacy of the Ford theory as a savior of society, Ford does provide his workers just.as little with means to buy back 100% of their products or ‘the equivalent of theni ag any other capitalist, His positive wage is Perhaps isighery. But the relative share of the Ford worker on his pro- duct is lower. |The increased wage of the Ford worker does not make up for the increased productivity of his labor, To put it concretely; Ford says: How can I’ expect to sell autos to my workers if I do not pay them sufficient wages to enable them to buy autos? In order to be able to pay such ‘ages I must organize their work so that I get the last ounée of energy out of them. Instead of having them make me one auto within a certain time they must be made to produce two and one half of them, And the result? Formerly, the worker ‘pro- duced one auto which he.could not buy. Now he produces two and a half autos, one of which he can man- age to buy, yi Workers Learning, No the problem ts not the auto the worker does buy. That was never the problem. The problem is the one and a half he cannot buy. Taking the auto as a symbol of any product, we see in this one and a half auto the problem of capitalism. Ford does not and cannot solve the prob- lem. He merely increased it by one half. He increased it just like cap- italism itself increases its own pro- blems with its further development. Any solution of the problems of cap- italism by capitalism itself turne the solution into a new and more serious and more difficult problem, And the way out of it all? This way out is provided only by the aboll- tion of capitalism. Karl Marx and not Henry Ford points the way. Not profitable reforms a la ford Sut rev- olutionary struggles a la Marx must bring the final solution, The German proletariat is learning the truth of this more rapidly than the German capitalists and the social- democrats like. Catholics Use Armed Rebellion in Mexico; K. of C. Leads Revolt MEXICO CITY, Oct, 6—A Knight of Columbus, Tirgo Guerola, is lead- ing an armed rebellion of catholics in the state of Durango, it 1s reported to the government by General Leon, in charge of troops active against the rebels, Two priests and 18 laymen have been arrested for implication in the revolt. INDIA PROTESTS BRITISH WAR ON CHINESE NATION Asks British Labor to Oppose Imperialism LONDON, Oct. 6.—A strong declar- ation of the Indian nationalist move- ment toward the evident intention: of Great Britain to intervene with armed force in China to crush the national liberation movement, has been sent to the London Herald’ by Pundit Mo- tilal Nehru, leader of the Swarajist party, “Any use of Indian resources against the Chinese nationalists in the threatened’ war,” he says, “will be strongly deprecated by the Swara- jist party and deeply resented by the Indian people. “Attempts to advance British im- perialist \interests by depriving the eastern nations of their freedom will destroy all faith in Great Britain, CHINESE WORKERS ORGANIZE IN WAKE OF CANTON ARMY ADVANCE; HANKOW WELCOMES THE TROOPS HANKOW, China, Sept. 17 (By Mail)—The Political section of the staff of the Canton troops which has been placed in Hankow has work, The Canton government is Hankow. Thirty-two working clas: up their work again. Leaflets, lectures held everywhere in ord commenced its considering Ahe possibility of moving to 8 organizations in Hankow have taken tpo etc. are being distributed and meetings and |Pos et Brussels er to inform the proletariat upon the program of the Kuomintang and the tasks of the northern expedition. On the 13th of September a confer: ence ¢alled by the workers’ organiza- tions decided upon a one-day strike to celebrate the victory of the Canton troops. Order has been quickly established in the provinces captured by the Can- ton troops. The local administrative apparatus has been quickly put in order. The American newspaper, Hankow Herald, which appears in Hankow, de- scribes the entry of the Canton troops. Tired But Happy. “The southern troops which have marched from Kwantung thru Hunan and Hupef and have fought all the way, looked tired. The tanned faces of the soldiers are smiling, something which is unusual for Chinese soldiers. They laugh and the People laugh with them. ~-Weekly International Review-- Mediterranean) will not be conclus- military maneuvers of the British tool ively settled in the proposed confer- ence between the signatories to the Algeciras Pact of 1906, - It is not for nothing that in the re- cent secret maneuvers of the French army the uniforms of the Republic faced more in the direction of the Alps than towards the Rhine, and arch-enemy of Rugsia, Pilsudski, on the-eastern front and in the Baltic sea and the provocaterish action of Chang-T#o-Lin against-Russia in his attacks on the Chinese Eastern rail- way occurred simultaneously with the sessions at Geneva, They are har- did not find it timely to sign with Jugoslavia! /6~ 6 16 THE SOCIAL-DEMOCRACY CAPTURING THE LEAGUE? AST July, the administrative ooun- L ell of the French socialist ty, after weighing the “The troops are marching thru the streets and thousands of workers, em- Dloyes, coolies and business men are marching with them. For the first time we heard shouts of greeting and applausé when troops marched in. Tremendous masses of workers as- sembled at the railway station and talked to the troops and the students of the military academy. Different Than Wu's Troops. ps “The Canton troops pay for their purchases with hard cash, whereas a few days ago the inhabitants suffered under the plundering of the Wu Pei Fu troops. “There were no triumphal arches, no committees of greeting. The peo- ple iteelf greeted the victors with storms of cheering.” league came Comrade Unden repre- senting reaction in Sweden. Qui vivra, verra! The time is surely not far distant when the pro- letarian and legal talents of Comrades Morris Hillquit and B. Charney Vla- deck will be displayed at the interna- Page Three R, 1. L. U. ASKS ACTION TO AID CHINESE PEOPLE Their Cause That of Workers Everywhere MOSCOW, Sept. 18 (By Mail). —An appeal of the R. I. L. U. to the work- ers of all countries declares that the Chinese revolution is threatened with an intervention. The ringleader in this attack upon the Chinese people is without a doubt Great Britats. “British Treachery. While in many prgvinces the coun- ter-revolution throttles millions of peo- ple, these “benefactors” of the Chi- nese people look on ‘without interfer ing. If the venal counter-revolution- ary generals are attacked, however, these “defenders of civilization” thes attack the revolution from the rear, The advance of the revolutionary Canton army towards the north and the series of defeats inflicted upon the counter-revolutionary mercenaries has brought the imperialists into ac tion both on the military and diple- matic fields, chiefly, of course, the British marauders. Words Not Enough, The British trades union congress in Bournemouth hes adopted a resolu- tion of protest against the policy of Great Britain in the Far East. But words and resolutions are no longer enough. The intervention must be fought with deeds and not with worde. Working men and women of afl countries, remember that the cause of the Chinese people {s your cause. The toilers of the great powers will not be able to shake off their chaing as long as they have not broken the back of their own imperialism: The voice of the tolling masses sounds from town to town and from country to country thruout the whole world: Away with the Imperlalists! Hands off revolutionary China! Anti-Imperialism Conference to Jan. In order to assure large delegations from every part of the world and to arouse broad interest im its proceed- ings, the Brussels Anti-Imperialist conference called by the League Against Colonial Suppression has been postponed until January, 1927, There has been no change in the agenda or other plans of the Brussels meet beside the change in date, which was made to insure the participation of a wider scope of oppressed peoples than had formerly been contemplated. In the cablegram telling about the postponement the international organ- izations to intensify their publicity campaigns for the Brussels confer ence. The entire Antidmperialist world is expected to be represented at Brussels in view of the extra time for preparation. the signing of the Gréco-Jugoslay pact, Not only did Kondyls itmmedt- ately announce that all treaties oon- summated by Pangalo with other gov- ernment were suspended, but he de clared that Greece would not yielf fts claims to the Dodecanese Islands which now form a part of the Italian domain. The Dodecanese Is are situated off the coast of Turkey tm Asia Minor and are considered 9 stra- tegic point in the Mediterranean, ‘ONDYLIS, who has been descri>- ed as one who is “Francophile a bingers of * advantages and/tional thieves’ den, where they shall Pain denke'ba tue eation of (22 imperialism, The rivalry between England and spite ae disadvantages presented by “the pres-|be able to argue eloquently for a cna Susie me a ee rh tay oh singe taza 3, Not even the most desperate at-|France for continental hegemony, the| WHY M. NINCHITCH PRESIDED |®2C° at the league of nations of a|share of the spoils for their own gov- the veracity of this delineation. Un- “debtor” bloc against American finan-|° ‘®™pts have succeeded in allevi- |COmplication of Italy’s decisive and AT GENEVA. delegate credefftidted by a bourgeois | ernment, ating to an. appreciable extent either the internal economic and ’ political crises of the chief’ powers ‘or of Smoothing ont the points of imper- jalist conflict. England is going thru an economic crisis which was tntensi- fled by the goneral and miners’ strike, Germany ig undergoing a “rational- ization of industry” period with al- most half of its working class either unemployed or working mart time. Checko-Slovakia and Italy are being put thru the rigors of deflation by decree, with attendant economie con- vulsions, Belgium between the devil, of Dawesation and the deep blue sea of German ‘financial aid as com- Densation for the return of Eupen and Malmedy,/industrial districts annexed by Belgium via the Versailles treaty, rpae waster of the loss gf control of ‘the Mediterranean conjured tp by the\Italian-inspired demand of Spain for Tangiers haunts not only England but also France.’ For England, hos- tile control of the strategically vitally important Tangiers with @ hinterland of French ‘and Spanish ‘colonial re- Serves—a far superior base in the noisy entry into the Balkan situation, and the challenging development of Germany's imperialist appetitie are additional dishes in the feast of Mars, 4. The general struggle of colonial * peoples against imperialism has been strengthened since the happy day of Locarno, Revolutionary troops already control the decisive sections of China, all mercenary generals, foreign battleships, troops and diplo- matic notes to the country notwith- standing. And the spirit of the times is reflected in the growing tendency towards differentiation betweon the militant and the subservient elements in the Philippine independence move- ment, ; Neither in India nor Egypt can England find any comfort in the de- velopment of the liberation movement. The electoral victory of Zaghlul Pasha the leader of the nationalists in Hgypt, is being followed by rumblings in Ab- yssinia, The Angla-lItalian treaty brazenly divided the Ethiopian country so that a railway line 1s permitted for Italy thru Abyssinia to connect its two. colonies on the eastern coast of Af- rica, Eritrea and Italian Somaliland, while England {s accorded the right to to use Abyssinian waters for its Su- danese plantations, The protests of the Abyssinian, delegation ‘to league of nations sessions in Geneva were hardly listened to, s@sions at Genova failed to solve any of the contradictions of Buropean imperialism: they were merely confronted with their intensi- fication and, strived with great des-| The resourceful Mtiand, to enhance peration and eqhal inettectiveness to|the prestige of his friend in, Jugo- qu! _ [slavia, and to bo the stock cial penetration, the formal origin of which was Locarno, Not only is the United States fighting every inch of the way in Hurope, holding its own to a large extent and even extending its front, but retaliations have already 4 begun in a very definite manner. Bra- sil, Argentina, Peru, Bolivia and number of other, “Monroe Doctrin countries in Latin America were con- spiguously absent from the sessions of the league. An obvious move is be- by the United States in the it to withdraw its application to the world court. And the bloc shows only the most superficial and stability im the face of more irritating Buropean M brea the efforts of Briand, M. Nin- chitch was elected to preside ai the sessions of the league of nations, Ninchitch, who in his closing remarks at the sessions made glowing prophe- cles of the future world-embracing nature of the léagite, has been hay- ing a bad time of it in Jugoslavia, A few months ago he declared himself Teady to negotiaté a new treaty with Italy which would enlarge upon the one signed in 1923 and which expires in July, 1927, So he proceeded to Before signing the treaty, he thot of apprising Briand of his intentions, With the Italta minister to Belgrade, Ninchitch went to Paris where Briand Proposed a\ tripartite treaty between France, Italy and Jugoslavia. To this Proposal Mussolini turned a deaf ear for his object was an Italo-Jugoslav rapproachement against France. AND consoled Ninchitch with the promise of a treaty between Tugoslavia and France and the Siber- jan returned to Belgrade in triumph, announcing that this treaty would be concluded in a few weeks. Mussolini, in a tage, declared that such a pact would be considered an act of hos- tility against Italy, and, after a visit of M, Barthou to Rome, Briand thot better of it and decided that now wag not yet the time for a FrancoJugo- Slay treaty. Poor M, Ninchitch was then left with empty hands, having concluded a treaty neither with Italy nor with France, His prostlag at home was struek a sad blow, ~~ them- for a permanent seat in the council ofthe — ye time its na menace & negative vote from the |Mediterranean than Gibraltar, _ vassal small powers like Poland, for |or Cyprus—means tthe wueatnderagice whom the ingenfoug Coctl-Fromageot |her economic route to Dgypt and In- formula of a semi-permanent seat|dia and tho navalmilitary route to proved sufficient) which “saved Ger-|these countries which 1s an essential man from an Eastern orientation”| pre-requisite. to Political hegemony. with For France, control, or even consid: erable influence in the Mediterranean by Italy is a menace not only to her Jeconomic fleld in Northern Africa; 4 {t 18 a potential barrier to a tremen- an. dous reserve a Porn man power ‘there were 750,000 forth-Africang in haere it Rus- rox phe sap gpa ¢ participation of this kind. The meet- expression that “Poland (Pilsudski’s! ) gentry of Russian czarism, of Hi democrat Rudolf Breitscheid, who, as @ member of the once powerful Inde- pendent Social Democratic party of Germany (U. subscribed to a platform calling tor “the dictatorship of the proletariat, clalism,”” in arms Brouckere and Vandervelde, who rep- fesented with the and graceful gestures the government of the millionatre banker nequ of r ‘Tt ean be. France there, fore secured the|this year, as they did the government” instructed its represen- tatives to the executive committee of the Second International to oppose ing of the executive conmmittee in Zu- rich, before the convening of the league, cautiously put the question of the permissibility of a social demo- erat serving his bourgeois govern- ment in the league at the discretion of the individual parties, Quite undaunted by the decision of his party, Pierre Renaudel, the leader of the right wing of the French social- ists and the author of the congenial is the guardian of civilization against Soviet barbarism” presented himself at Geneva as one of the French dele- gates representing the government of M. Poincare, the tool of Izvolsky, Sazonov and the other diplomatic AND he was not alone! With him jin the assembly of bandits was @ representative of the government Von Hindenburg, the sotial- P, D.) and editor of theoretical or, ‘Der Sozialist” once the representative of the great major- ity of the people, as a necessary pre- condition for the realization of so- With them came their companion m Belgium, Messrs, de me equanimity eee ABD-EL KRIM’S SUCCESSOR, CCORDING to reports from Fez, a number of the still rebellious Riff tribesmen have chosen a new Teader to direct their. struggle against French and Spanish imperialism, fol- lowing upon the shameful capitulation of Abd-el Krim. The new Riffian war chief, Caid Ul Hadj Ali has already taken steps against the French by di- recting ‘his forces ‘against French op- erations near Tagni. The sparks which inflamed northwest Africa do not seem to have been completely ex- tinguished. The sharpening /of the antagonism between France and Spat, who suppressed the Moroccaw rebellion jointly, bodes well for the continuation of the struggle at thi: time, GREECE: FOR ENGLAND! FOR FRANCE!! FOR ENGLAND!!! HE varying fortunes of Greece have now brought forward a new dictator in the form of General Kon- dylis, who seems to have successfully ousted his predecessor, Pangalos, Since the decisive defeat of Greece (backed by Britain) in Asia Minor by Turkey (supported by France) after which Turkey dictated the peace of Lausanne in 1928, the struggle has proceeded between Britain and France for, hegemony in the Balkans; and of late with an added rival in the shape of Mussolini. The swift success of Mussolini in establishing virtual control over the Policies of Pangalos who became a convenient puppet for the Italian’s in- trigues in the Balkans and the Near threatened not only French re the overthrow, of Pangalos ee doubtedly instigated by the French, he no sooner was safe in power than he turned to England for support and allegiance. For the first time im many Kondylis has requested of England the return of the British naval mis- sion for the Greek fleet. France replied promptly to this base ingratitude thru the mouths of the French puppets Plastiras and Kafan- aris, who threatened for a time te’ march on Athens. Very Jittle seems to have materialized -out of this threat and Britain seems to be for the time being in the same sate po- sition in Greece that it held in 1922 before the Greek * defeat in Asia Minor, eee THE FRANCO-ROUMANIAN TREATY, HE failure of France to make very much headway against’ Rngland in the control of Greece has been slightly compensated for by the con- clusion of the Franco-Roumanian’ treaty. The treaty guarantees the territorial status quo of Roumania, which is a reaffirmation by France of Roumania’s right to the contested ter- ritory of sorely oppressed Bessarabia, taken from Russia in 1918, An editorial in the Mose “Taves- tia” considers the treaty as’a clearly unfriendly act towards the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics and de clares that such actions, by France continue to diminish the possibilities of co-operation between the two na- tions. The editorial demands an ex- planation from France concerning the treaty sineé silence from Paris will only confirm the opinions which als ready exist pare as to long months, it is reported, ©