The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 29, 1926, Page 6

Page Six arr an > THE DARLY WORKER ‘ THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING ©O. 1118 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il. Phone Monroe 4713 eeprom eeneneneeeeeneete pre SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali (in Chicago oniy): By mall (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2.50 three mcnths i $2.00 three months Address all matl and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois aks — .Editors Business Manager a a) Entered as second-class mai} September 21, 19 the post-office at Chi cago, I, under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising rates on application, TD The Ironwood Disaster The death of burial alive of three electricians, crushed in a shaft, and the in the Oliver mine at Ironwood, Michigan, miner brings to mind emphatically the great risks taken by workers in this industry as well as the fact that altho the industry is well organized from the capitalist standpoint, the workers are without any organization at all. It is evident that Oliver company, altho conducting huge opera- tions in and around the mine where the disaster occurred, has neg lected the prir ary requirements of safe mining practice, i. e., to con- nect all worlsi so that in the event of the closing of one shaft by an accident like that which has happened, the miners have at least one other egress from the workings. Forty-three miners may pay with their lives because the Oliver company, like all its capitalist brethren, considers workers’ lives cheaper than the requisite safety provisions. Fourteen of the entombed miners are Finns—foreign-born work- ers of a nationality which the agents of American capitalism in Minnesota and Michigan have taken special delight in persecuting. Like most of the foreign-born workers they are found in the hazardous heavy industr The miners entombed with them are Slavs and men of other alien nationalities at which the 100 per cent Americans sneer. Yet no disaster in industry taking a huge toll of workers’ lives but lists a majority of names of foreign-born toilers. Apparently. the native American steers clear of the risks of the highly developed industries of which he boasts. These facts should cause the American union movement to take stock of itself. If it does not give protection to the foreign-born worker in basic industry it cannot long maintain itself as an instru- ment for the American: working class. Tronwood, the Mesaba range, the steel industry, the lumber in- dustry, the metal mines of the west—all are unorganized and in all of them the capitalists do as they please with the workers. Without a union, without a political party of their own, there is a direct connection between disasters like those in Ironwood and the weakness of the labor movement. If the leaders of the trade union movement will not start organ- ization work from above it must and will be begun from below. Coolidge Hears the Angels Calling Washington correspondents report that Calvin Coolidge is quite discouraged over the refusal of the nations affiliated with the world court to accept the reservations adopted by the United States sen- ate as a condition of entrance. Summed up, the reservations meant that the United States would join the court provided said court did not interfere in any affair in which the United States was concerned without the consent of the aforesaid United States. This was too much for the nations affiliated with the league so they had to demux This was grease for Calvin's elbow who has seen the handwriting on the wall and heard the G. O. P. banshees wailing in the congres- sional wilderness. G. O. P. senators were falling in the primaries like the armies of Pharoah before the breath of Jehovah. The league of nations turned down the U. 8S. reservations, and Coolidge is by no means as worried over the situation as people might think. Calvin has no interests separate and apart from the capitalist system, but he wants to get elected again if he can and individualism is still something to be concerned with, even tho certain bankers would like to see this country safely tucked up in the league of na- tions’ blanket. The capitalist interests opposed to this country joining the league of nations seem to have a majority of the votes. If Wall Street could dig up enough votes to give Coolidge another term in office, the latter might have ignored the voices from the great open spaces. But a politician must consider his own political hide as well as the system on which he fattens. Therefore Coolidge welcomes an opportunity to get out thru the back door of the world court mansion. Lord Robert Cecil, the darling of American pacifists and um- pire of the league of nations, felt quite unnecessary last week when a Chinese delegate mentioned the murder of 5,000 Ohinese by the British naval forces. The noble lord was after delivering a soulful speech in favor of world disarmament when the canny Oriental un- loosed his stuff. Verily, indeed, a British imperialist, unlike the birds of the air or the beasts of the earth, has not a place to open his head in peace. Disaster seems to dog the steps of Russian white guards, The illfated airship that was to make the non-stop flight to Paris from New York was built under the direction of czarist emigres. ~The plane went down instead of going up. The C. P. §. U. and the Opposition Block / By N. BUCHARIN, (Continued from previous issue) VERONE in possessign of even the most elementary political knowl- edge is aware that the Soviet power and the apparatus of our Soviet state represent a special system actually {composed of several stories. No {other than Comrade Zinoviev has of- |ten told us, with the greatest enthus. jiasm, that the non-party peasants {should be induced to participate. To participate in what? In the Soviets, |Do we suffer from the fact that the {principle of vitalizing the village so- viets has led to the election of non- |Party peasants to the soviets? I am |of the opinion that we do not suffer }in the least from this, Where is the laboratorium in which we convert the peasantry, overcome their individual psychology, induce them to follow us, educate them to co-operate with us in the soviets, and lead them on the pro- letarian and socialist road? This’ is best done in the soviets. And now we are told that the peasant is to be forc- ed into a dark room—he may learn over the wireless, This is nonsense. We convert the peasant by actual practice, we induce him to follow our lead, to help us to secure the prole- tarian line, TNNHE structure of our Soviet machin- tL ery is as follows: There are su- preme, middle, and subordinate or- gans. At the top there is a very powerful cadre, working under the leadership of our proletarian party, and composed in the main of party members. The further we proceed downwards, the more non-party par- ticipators we find, and in the villages we find the structure supported by non-party peasants who have hasten- ed to our aid, We gradully introduce the non-party peasants, who represent a petty bourgeois stratum, into the lower stories. We are secure in our firm proletarian leadership, and influ- ence the peasants in our own way, introduce them into our system of j work, teach them to work in the new | way, and induce them to take part in the work of socialist construction, In this way the peasantry is guided by the proletariat. And when we admit the peasantry into the lower stories of the soviet power, this is a neces- sary prerequisite towards the guid- ance of the peasantry by the prole- tariat. Ww. may take another example of the same kind, but from the ex- perience of another country, for the purpose of refuting the clever asser- THE present controversy within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union is neither w sign—nor will it be the cause —of a retreat of the revolution. ciear indication of its victorious onward march. To give a clear understanding as well of the present prob- lems of the Russian Revolution as also of the controversy over the solution of these problems, we are publishing here- with a report made by Comrade Bucharin at the function- aries’ meeting of the Leningrad organization of the Commu- the report speaks for itself and needs no further jt is clear and convincing and answers the lies about the retreat of the Russian Revolution. nist Party, elucidation, tions of our remarkable opposition. There is England for instance. Eng- land too has carried on imperialist war. As is generally known, Lloyd George, a bourgeois prime minister, admitted Henderson 'to his cabinet as representative of the working class and the trade unions. The same kind of thing has occurred in other coun- tries, Now tell me this: is there a single Marxist who can maintain that at that time the English state was a bourgeois proletarian state just be- cause Henderson was in the govern- ment? It need not be said that such You know who made‘this assertion. It was the opportunists. They said: Now, Henderson 4g a minister, and since he is a minister, this signifies a fresh epoch in the development of} capitalism; the workers share the power, and we have no longer a bour- geois imperialist state, but something quite different. The proletarian dic- tatorship is being judged by the op- position essentially in the same man- ner, HEN Lloyd George admitted Hen- derson into his cabinet, England did not cease for a moment to be a bourgeois imperfalist state. Why? For a very simple reason. Because the bourgeoisie had sought out Hen- derson and his like for the purpose of transforming the ddeology of the working class and»making the work- ers amenable to bourgeois ideology. Henderson fulfilled the task set him by the bourgeoisie, The bourgeoisie was enabled to take the working class in tow for the timé being, and thus the nomination of Hendefson as min- ister was the link by which the bour- geoisie drew the working class behind it, without altering the class character of their bourgeois power by a hair’s breadth. They simply took their class antagonist in tow. Ro in our case the greater part of the peasantry’ is\fnot our class en- \these comrades fail to understand that an assertion would: be absolute idtocy. | Quite the contrary. It is emy, it is our ally, and when we admit these peasants into the apparatus of | our state administration, and thus in-| duce them to follow us, then it is surely a remarkable state of mind| which can maintain that, because we do this, we have no workers’ state, but some schismatic petty bourgeois two-class state, etc., and that there- fore we have to conclude it to be our duty to protect the purely proletar- ian ranks against the soviet state, The rot of the theoretical error of the opposition lies in the fact that the proletarian dictatorship must ad- mit its class allies to the organs of the dictatorship if it is to convert these allies to its standpoint, to guide. them, and to lead them into the so- cialist path in the interests of what was to Lenin the supreme principle of the proletarian dictatorship, i. e. of the alliance between the working class and the peasantry, HIS is the real definition of the standpoint. And if the existence of a proletarian dictatorship in our country is doubted because we have no industrial proletariat in the vil- lages and in the village soviets, be- cause we have no historical proletar- jans in our organs in places where not even a magnifying glass can dis- cover a proletarian at all, then this simply means that the main task in- cumbent upon the proletarian dicta | torship, the task of inducing the poor | peasantry and the great mass of the | middle peasantry to take part in the work of actualizing a socialist state of society, has not been properly grasped. This lack of comprehension is a striking example of that lack of! faith in the possibility of the actual- ization of socialism in our country, of that lack of understanding for the methods towards this actualization, which was discussed in such decisive terms at the XIV. party congress. (Continued Tomorrow.) FALL RIVER MILLS PAYING FINE DIVIDENDS, BUT STARVATION PAY; AN EXAMPLE OF TEXTILE BARONS By LELAND OLDS, Federated Press, _ That easy profits from cheap labor encourage backwardness in manage- ment is shown in the story of the cotton industry in Fall River, Mass. A Wall Street Journal article on this greatest textile center bilds lack of man- agerial initiative, quite as much as southern competition, résponsible for the depression which has made part-time and unemployment chafacteristic of the Bad Management. “Fall River mills,” says the journal, “have been developed, financed and managed by local interests to a much greater extent than other manufactur- ing centers. With little new blood from the outside, a policy of nepotism | over a period of years has in numer- ous cases dulled the initiative of man- agments. When they could afford to do so the mills did not change their |machinery and manufacturing meth- jods to meet the new demands.” Work Whole Year for $430, Wages in Fall River cotton mills in 1914, the journal shows, averaged only $430 for the entire year’s work. In ouly one year since has the average reached $1,000. That was in 1920, when mill workers earned an average of $1,065. In 1924, the last year cov- ered by the Wall Street Journal, the annual wage fell to $923. Dividends Continue. In spite of these extremely low wages, less than thé barest family sub- sistence, and in spite of operations in the last few years running as low as 50 per cent of capacity, Fall River divi- dends continue. In 1920 they rose to $11,096,800, more than nine times the pre-war figures, and in 1924, with op- erations throttled down to half of ca- pacity, Fall River cotton mill divi- dends were 85 per cent above 1924, Figures showing for each year since 1914 the value of Fall River cotton mill products, the wages paid, and divi- dends are: Fall River Cotton Mills 1914... Value of Products $ 49,516,027 45,392,734 65,374,214 92,143,372 118,376,983 185,783,717 149,223,703 67,860,675 91,752,556 100,875,526 60,932,713 last four or five years, + ~ 1 ; |cent over pre-war, wages were up only |137 per cent. Thissmeans that the percentage of wages:to.the total value of the product fell from 26.4 per cent to a low point of 17.4 per cent in 1918. In 1924, when the dividends paid by these mills were 85 per cent over 1914, wages totaled only 45 per cent above that year. Describing the position of Fall River | in the industry, the Wall Street Jour- nal says: “Today Fall River has more | spindies than any other city in the United States, some 4,000,000. Like |New Bedford, it is essentially a city of cotton manufacturing, to which is devoted 70 per cent or more of its | manufacturing activity. There are jaround 35 major cotton mills.. There \is also in Fall River the largest Amer- jican Printing Co., with 350,000 spin- dies, 8,000 looms and 42 printing ma- chines, all capable ‘of producing 3,- 000,000 yards of cloth a week and printing 6,000,000 yards.” Rumor Argentine May Reenter Geneva League GENEVA, Sept. 27, — The decision of the foreign affairs committee of the Argentine parliament to consider pos- sible re-entry into the league of na- tions was received Here today in poll- tical circles. Th@ South American republic withdrew from the league in 1920, ae i , Total veo Total Wages Dividends $13,081,876 1,225,793 18,707,868 ~1,146,15! 15,725,973 2,878,494 18,581,436 4,331,361 20,252,789 6,146,286 25,997,711 4,935,146 $1,002,421 11,095,800 24,242,105 8,094,375 28,214,713 3,605,800 28,618,736 3491,544 18,980,407 2,271,460 The figures show that labor had no¢———-—_______________. share in the great prosperity of the war years, In 1917, when the total value of their output had increased 86 per cent over 1914, wages had in- creased only 42 per cent. In 1918 the value of their output was up 140 per cent and their wages 56 per cent, In 1919 the figures were 175 per cent and 98 per cent, and in 1920, when thewalue of the product was 202 pox ( Brazil Church Wrecked by Storm. ITAMBE, Brazil, Sept. 27.—A heavy storm accompanied by a gale swept this city yesterday, causing four deaths and injuring $62, The heaviest casualties were im¥a church where a heavy ceiling follpduring the storm. Many houses were damaged or blown down, vr RUSSIAN FOOD WORKERS NOW 92% ORGANIZED Congress Reports Wage | Raise and Progress | | (Special to The Daily Worker) H MOSCOW—(By Mail) —The Sixth Congress of Food Workers of U. S. 8. R. was held in Moscow June 5-13th, | 1926. The congress was attended by | {543 delegates representing 397,613 members. 92 Per Cent Organized. Comrade Kroll, chairman of. the union, reported an increase of 127,608 members between July 1924 and Janu. ary 1926, The union embraces 27,000 establishments, including 15,000 shops }employing less than five persons each. | This acts as a great hindrance upon | Union, WITH TE. Y | CONDUCTED = BY Ty, VODKEDS | ING WORKERS LEAGUE How the Bosses Use Sport Activity 'N America the bosses and the em- ployers have developed tne use or sports as a means ot controlling the minds of the workers as a means of making better slaves out of them. This is true because sports and. ath- letics have been developed on a more extensive scale here than anywhere else. Practically all American-born workers, particularly the young work- ers, are either active in some line of sports or else are interested in it, The capitalists, aware. of this, have developed an extensive network of sport organizations, have developed a | flexible and ramifying technique thru which to control the sport activities of the young workers. Starting in with the schools, where. sports (base- ball, football, ete.) are actually be ginning to displace the regular stud- ies on the curriculum in point of in- terest to the students, and.all the way up to professional sports, the Ameri- can workers are brought up-in a sport and athletic environment dominated by reactionary ideology. At the school games which lately have begun to attract crowds num- bering into the scores of thousands, there are generally military displays by the student soldiers. They play patriotic airs and the flag is promi- nently displayed around the field. Coming out the school and enter- ing the factory, the mine, or the mill or the shop, the young student, now a young worker, retaing the interest in| sport, And the boss takes advantage of this interest to launch company sports, company teams and by keeping the young worker active in these he! diverts his thoughts from his job or his wages or hig economic conditions, | he fills him with class collaborationist ideology (the boss is a good sport, a good fellow—he buys us uniforms, etc.) and besides that he makes the) young workers a better source 0 profit thru increasing his physical e! ficiency. To such an extent has fa tory and industrial sports been de- veloped that many articles are being written about it and the efficiency ex- perts are hailing it as one of the best means towards establishing good relations in industry, toward solving the problem of labor versus capital. The huge plants, employing tens of; thousands of workers, particularly | have developed company sports, The! Western Electric Company, the maif| order houses, the U. S. Steel Corpora-: tion and, in fact, every large concern has vrganized baseball, football, bowl- ing, <ennis, volleyball activity among! its ems oyes. YOUTH DAY IN MOSCOW BROT OUT 200,000 Dutch Socialists Give Pledge to Kill Lies (Special to The Daily Worker) MOSCOW, Sept. 6—(By Mail.)— The 12th International Day of Youth was celebrated with the greatest enthusiasm everywhere in the Soviet Union, Mass meétings of thousands of young workers and peasants took place in all towns. In Moscow, 200,000 people took part in the demonstra tion which marched past the mauso- leum of Lenin in the Red Square. Before the beginning of the demon- stration a great meeting took place in the Red Square, at which representa- tives of the central organs of the par- ty and foreign workers’ delegates delivered speeches: of greetings. Dutch Delegates Astounded. The chairman of the Dutch youth delegation, the soclal-democrat Spiel- mann, declared that the delegation had been astounded at all that it had seen and its members promised to do every- thing in their power to expose the bourgeois les concerning the Soviet The meeting greeted the freshly arrived delegation of British miners and German working women |with great enthusiasm, 200,000 Demonstrate, 200,000 people took part in the demonstrations in Leningrad includ- ing representatives of the Dutch, Ger- man and Italian youth. A torchlight procession with many thousand partic- ipants took Place in Kiev. After the demonstrations celebrations took place in all the workers’ clubs, meetings, concerts, etc, During the demonstrations the Young Communist League took collec- tions to assist the British miners, These collections were everywhere the activities of the union. very euccésstul Nevertheless fully 92 per cent of all the workers employed in the food and drink industry are organized in the union. The number of non-unton- ists is thus relatively small. Financially Secure. The financial position of the union is perfectly secure, “In 1924 the totat receipts of the various union organ: | Aldridge of this town was the only izations, exclusive of the central com- | Negro delegate from New England mittee, were 2,356,078 roubles; in 192% | states to the world congress of the the receipts rose to 8,285,738 roubles. | Y, M, C. A, held recently in Helsing- The total expenditures for 1925 (in-|fors, Finland. Altho he says that the cluding the contributions to the vart-| Negroes were given the same consid- ous funds) were 3,211,972 roubles. At | oration as other delegates, “even the the beginning of this year the union | white American lad put aside his tra- funds exclusive of those of the cen: | ditional prejudices, for the time being tral committee amounted to 1,406,66e | anyway,” he records that they weren't roubles. Together with the centra: |allowed for a single moment to forget committee funds, the union possesses | that they were Negroes. nearly 1,700,000 roubles. Aldridge issued a statement of his Wages Increased. impressions, which reads, in part, as On January 1, 1926, there were| follows: * 14,255 collective agreements covering “It often happens when a Negro re- 314,159 members of the unjon operat-| turns from travel in Europe or some ing in the country, The real wages | northern part of the United States in 126 increased hatieeas 18 and 21} that he expresses his enjoyment by per cent the various branches of the 'such an expression as ‘I didn’t even industry benefitting in varying de,| know I was colored until I looked in grees, the glass,’—meaning, I suppose, that The union has 170 clubs with »|the thought of his being a Negro dis- membership in excess of 60,000; | appeared entirely from his mind, due 1,850 libraries with 729,581 volumes, | to there being no obvious sign of preju- ote, dices or the like in the section visited, On the whole since the Fifth Con- |, am sure none of the Negro delegates gress the union has rapidly grown /to the world’s Y. M. ©. A. conference and consolidated its forces, at Helsingfors will make any such Industrial Delegates. statement. We were ever aware of ‘The congress was attended by dele- | the fact that we were Negro Negro Delegates to Y.M.C.A. Meet Did Not Feel at Home HARTFORD, Conn.—Kenneth C. particularly as affecting its relations with the league of nations’ interna- tional labor office, was subjected to #ome sharp criticism by the mi of the congress, gates from foreign unions including oh | GINSBERG’ Sal te Comrade Shifferstein, secretary of the Food Workers’ International. The action of the International, ‘ rm ‘ie 3 Vegetariun Restaurant: 2324-26 Brooklyn Avenue, -» LOS ANGELES, CAL. A. J. Cook Tells “Bits” of His Life; LONDON, England —A. J, Ovok, sec retary of the Miners’ Federation Great Britein, has been im Tit.) Bits the story of bis 1: H entrancing story it is. Wales with £5 in his pocket, and his other worldly possessions wrapped up fm a handkerchief. There his natural of the miners’ leaders, Boston Youth School Opens Successfully | BOSTON, Mass.—The Boston Young | Workers’ League School opened on | Wednesday, September 5, 1926, with | 25 students in attendance. The classes are held twice a week at the New In- ternational Hall, 42 Wenonah street, Roxbury, and at 36 Causeway street, Boston. The first lesson was a success. The comrades participated eagerly in the discussion, and showed that they un- derstood the necessity for educatign. All Y. W. L. comrades and sympa- thizers will be drawn to the school by the next lesson. The agitprop of the Y. W. L., District 1, intends to de- velop the school into an indepentient institution, which will be able to draw in and educate league members and outsiders in the thegry of the move- ment. All comrades who wish to at- tend can register at 36 Causeway street any night. H iff We will send sample copies of The DAILY WORKER to your friends—send us name and ad- dres. You-- DEAR READER OF THE DAILY WORKER— have this splendid dally of the w-~ ing class of this country-~ But What About Yor Let him also read the om militant youngsters—am. grin like this— | SUBSCRIBE FOR HIM! Only 50 cehts a year, Send your sub to the YOUNG COMRADE . 1143 W. Washington . Chicago, tk