The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 22, 1926, Page 6

Page Six ! THE DAILY’ WORKER THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Ill. cds FER as St a ae SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): | $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $6.00 per vear 33.50 six months $2.60 three months $2.00 three months Phone Monroe 4712 | Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, llinols ATS J. LOUIS ENGDAHL f Ed ite WILLIAM F, DUNNE eee MORITZ J. LOEB.. (eterna nee ED Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi! cago, Ill, under the act of March 3, 1879. Business Manager <r 290 Advertising rates on application, =—<—=====——s Coolidge and Prosperity |half times | tween January 1, 1 | 1924, and | nearly By N. BUCHARIN. (Continued from previous issue) The Growth of the Co-operatives. NE of the factors characteristic of the situation fn our country, and |one which is universally admitted to play an important role, is the stage of development attained by the co-opera- tives, especially by the agricultural co-operatives, If we examine the bal- ance of the agricultural co-operatives, we see that this increased four and a the original balance be- 23, and January 1, between January 1, 1924, October 1, 1925, it was again doubled (90 per cent)... This extreme rapidity of agricultural ¢o- and |operative growth speaks to a certain The other day a Mexican newspaper carried a story involving | American foreign policy as given by one Paul Smiths, said to be the unofficial spokesman for President Coolidge. Now that the nation’s chief executive has left his vacation grounds in Paul Smith’s, in the Adirondacks, many of the unofficial bulletins issued in recent weeks | are being translated into. official republican party policy. | From all present indications it appears that the main slogan of the republican campaigners in the coming congressional struggle, as well as in the next presidential contest, will be: We have brought you prosperity. Things are in good shape now. Why change? Of course, even the merest tyro in poltics. recognizes that there| are many months ahead of us before the 1928 campaign. In these in- tervening months much can happen to the.so-called prosperity now prevailing. A poorer crop, a couple of big business failures, a disturb- ance in Hurope, a sharpening of the tense situation in the Orient, a gigantic national bituminous miners’ strike, which is a probability, are only a few of the factors that may upset the presently loaded American economic applecart. In economic relations, much more than in the politcal, a few months, a year are a long period. But we must rip the veil off this prosperity dummy that is be- ing so idolized in the employing class press. It is true that dividends this year are bigger than ever. The corporation profits are mount- ing. The bigger the corporation, the bigger the profits—seems to be the rule of the day. Yet, how are the workers faring. The most skilled section, a small proportion of the working class, is getting some fairly steady employment. The efficiency of the American} worker has on the whole increased about twenty-five per cent in the | last two years. Still not even the most loud-mouthed Coolidge prosperity mongers would have the brass to say that the workers’ | wages have increased to that extent. Even the members of the big | railway brotherhoods, well organized, are going to get at most only | a few cents increase. In fact the leaders of the Big Four are begin- ning to admit that the amount that will be offered their unions, as | an increase, is-an insult of the most shame-faced character and is a} p in their own faces—in the faces of those who have put the} Watson-Parker law over for the bosses and their Coolidge administra- tion. When Coolidge speaks of prosperity he is speaking of prosperity for the eleven thousand millionaires in this country and for the em- ploying class as a whole. The exploiters of labor owe much to Cool- | | | | “idge and his strikebreaking clique. What shall we, the workers, do? What should the workers | do to answer this prosperity slogan of the most notorious strike- | | breaker who has ever oceupied the presidential chair? The time is over-ripe for the workers to band themselves to- gether as a class to assume political power and the control of the industries of the country which they have built. The coming months should see the workers taking some effective measures towards the first step to genuine and permanent prosperity for the working and farming masses of the country—the organization of a political party of the working class, by the working class and for the working class —a labor party. China Is Winning Capitalist press correspondents in China are compelled to admit | that Wu Pei-fu is on the run and that the probability of a junction between the armed forces of General Feng and the Cantonese troops | is liable to become a reality one of these days. Should this desired development take place China will be in a} fair way of liquidating the chaos that has prevailed in that country | for many years and establishing a national government capable of enforcing its decrees. Apparently Great Britain has come to the conclusion that Wu! Pei-fu is a poor bet. He is showing a clean pair of heels to the| Cantonese and tho he is traveling in the general direction of Chang | Tso-Lin we are not in the possession of any evidence that would lead us to believe that Chang is sharpening his knife to kill the fatted | calf for Wu. On the contrary, from what we know Chang’s knife has designs on Wu’s jugular vein. Chang is the Japanese fol and Wn is, or was the British lackey. When a tool is played-out the users generally bid it good-bye with a: brick. Wu cannot serve Britain, therefore a kettle drum is at- tached to his coat tails and he is advised to move on. Other traitors | should please stop and think. \ Not so long ago the capitalist press chuckled over the retreat | of the nationalist army from Peking to Kalgan. Tux Dat.y Worker | maintained its equanimity and hoped for the better. It has come. There is nothing left of the Kuomintang opposition around Peking but-a bad dream. One of these days Feng is liable to break into the-news—from Peking. His head will not be on a spear either, unless he is careless. Those who are weary and faint of heart may imbibe consolation | from the present situation in China. After reading what took place at the Illinois State Federation of Labor convention, one would be | justified in realizing a loan on his optimism. One might be inclined | to assume that the workers were starting in on a perpetual snooze. But there is more to this old world than Illinois and if the Chinese succeed in bestowing the order of the hobnailed boot on British im- perialism, quite a little hiatus will make its appearance in the ecap- | italist system. And things that make trouble for capitalism furnish | | us with gravy. Come to think of it, a class conscious worker who reads the | news with a critical slant has many reasons to thank the stara that propelled him into this world about this period, From Riga to Vladi- yostok is quite a distance, The Red Flag flutters between those two cities wherever there is any political bunting, And from Moscow to Hankow is more than a day’s travel, Unless all signs fail, within a short time imperialists in China will be getting the bum’s rush and the influence of the Soviet Union will be as potent ag the in- fluence of Morgan’s millions in the Chigi palace, Rome, | The Chinese are winning in China which is equal to saying that) the workers of the world are so much nearer their day of delivery, i SUBSCRIBE TO THE DAILY WORKEB! int lies is falling steadily. extent for itself, It shows that altho our efforts are still extremely faulty in this direction, and tho we are still lacking in the necessary energy in this task, still a mighty work is de- veloping here. The Total. Balance Is In Our Favor. HY established the fact of the general economic progress of the country, We may ask ourselves the second question, the question of the elations between the positions of | state economics and of private capl- talist economics, We shall find that private capital, expressed in absolute figures, hag increased, whilst at the same time the position of the socialist elements in our economics has be- come comparatively stronger. It may be observed that this same specialist, Kutler, tg whom I have referred here, and who’ has estimated the maximum figures for the accumulation of pri- vate capital in our collective econom- That is, de- spite the fact that in his opinion the gross proceeds of private capital amount to 400 million rubles, still the sphere of socialized economics is in- THE present controversy w the Soviet Union is neither —of a retreat of the revoluti ithin the Communist Party of a sign—nor will it be the cause on. Quite the contrary. It is clear indication of its victorious onward march. To give a clear understanding as well of the present prob- lems of the Russian Revolution as also of the controversy over the solution of these problems, we are publishing here- with @ report made by Comrade Bucharin at the function- aries’ meeting of the Leningrad organization of the Commu- nist Party. The report speaks for itself and needs no further elucidation. Tt is clear and convincing and answers the lies about the retreat of the Russian Revolution. —_——$—$— — $$ creasing with so much greater rapid- ity that the percentage’of private capi- tal is sinking. Thus even this expert has acknowledged that our growth is outstripping that of the private capi- talist, and assuredly.and finally this is the decisive factor, If private cap- ital has increased to-this extent, and we still outstrip it, then this is a proof of general growth of:our whole coun- try, and of the strengthening of our position within this growing economic lite, ‘H thus see, firstly, that the city, city industry, and all industry, are outstripping agriculture; and sec- ondly, that nationalized economics, that is, state economics, communal economics, and the co-operatives, are outstripping private capital, These are the most important con- clusions to be drawn from the analysis of the our economic situation. It need not be said that when I speak here of these conclusions I am not assert- ing that our progress is not accom- panied by contradictions. On the con- trary, I am assuming. their existence. I do not in the least attempt to con- ceal either from you or from myself (it would simply be stupidity to do so) the fact that private capital is grow- ing. I have intentionally adduced the figures showing most clearly the ex- SaaS EERREEenEeeeee ee rs : The New Saviour KRISHNAMURTI: Christ. At this moment, | feel a strange inner sound . AUNT ANNIE BESANT: Yes, yes, my boy, | know It fe the voice of KRISHNAMURTI: Yes, my dear, but | do wonder if it’ mightn’t be my stomach, for | accidentally ate a whole egg last night, Clibe== Read it today ‘aiid every day in The DAILY WORKER. It appears today on page five, ? Tell your friends cies it, tent and importance of private capital in our country, and its—relatively— favorable position. And yet the trial balance;--after. according due>.consid- eration to! the contradiction involved in the growing power of our.class op- ponent, is in our favor, in favor of the working class, in favor of the proleta- rian dictatorship, in favor of the so- cialist:part of our economics. ‘E now. pass on the political. situa- tion in our country. I shall make this part’ of my, speéch “extremely short, for the political situation mir- rors in all essentials the events of the economic situation, If we regard the situation from an entirely general standpoint we “must first miention, as one of the most ‘im- portant factors determining the politi- cal situation in our country, the pacifi- cation of the peasantry, the pacifica- tion of the mass of the middle peas- ants. oO life’ develops at such a rapid Pace nowadays that we often for- get what the situation was like only a short time previously, But if you will recall to your memories the time before our ninth congress, and go back a few months, you will remember the unrest at that time among the peas- R The C. P. S. U. and the Opposition Block Ernst Haecke) many districts the middle peasants joined with the kulaks, and actively expressed, dissatisfaction with the So- viet power which took its rise among the big peasant elements. We see that this peasant unrest has died away, Confidence is growing in the Soviet power, in the Communist party. This is an immediate conse- quence of our correct political life, especially of our course towards vital- izing the Soviets, towards revolution- ary legality, towards the regulation of the conditions in the whole system of our Soviet organs on the one hand, and towards creating a number of economic facilitations in the sphere of agricultura} taxation ‘on the other, ae Pacification or the peasantry can only be rightly considered if taken in+ its conpection to | the stréhgthening-of the. proletarian dicta- torship. - The»political- state of -the peasantry is one of the most decisive factors for thé security of the proleta- rian’ dictators A proletarian dic- tatorship’ at war with the peasantry and. with its main mass, the middle peasants, can never be secure. It was not by accident, and not an empty phrase, when™Lenin told us that the supreme printiplé of proletarian: dic- tatorship is the alliance with the peasantry, It is not ‘by accident that this say ing has ‘becomes a- winged word; It was and remains one of the most im- portant thesés of Lening’s teachings. The favorable alteration which’ has taken place im the political tempera: ture of our peasantry, and not at the cost of growing’ passivity, but accom- panied by growing activity among the peasants, is one of our greatest suc- cesses in the political life of our coun- try. It signifies the firmer establish- ment of the proletarian dictatorship, and an increase in the guiding influ- antry, including the masses of the |ence of our party. medium and poor peasantry. In many (Continued Tomorrow.) Resolution Adopted at the Second Annual Conference of International Labor Defense Resolution on Sacco and Vanzetti. 1 Beasts imprisonment of Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzett! has continued now for more than six years and the shadow of a legal murder of | innocent men, committed by the state |of Massachusetts, has hung over the heads of these two Italian workers during this whole period. These two workers who committed the unpardon- able crime of being devoted to the labor movement and of having opin- ions considered heretical by the bour- bons of Massachusetts, are completely | innocent of the murder and robbery | crimes charged against them. Yet, |despite the fact that literally millions |of workers and prominent public men |in every country in the world have ‘protested against the shameless |frame-up and urged their swift re- jlease and in the face of the over- | whelming evidence which proves their jinnocence and which is now strength- ened by the written confession of a man who admits that he and his com- panions are actually guilty of the crime charged against Sacco and Van- zetti, the two Italian workers are still kept in prison, daily confronted with the menace of a legal execution. HE persistent and evasive refusal of the authorities not only to free the men, but a refusal to even grant them a new trial on the basis of the voluminous evidence now at hand, has aroused anew the determined protest of millions of workers, The authori- ties of Massachusetts are now play- ing the cunningly malicious game, so well known in labor persecutions, of delaying the case in an attempt to erase from the minds of the workers the memory of the case and to cause the agitation in behalf of the two workers to subside, In addition, the capitalist politicians are delaying the ‘lissue until after the November elec- tions“in order that they may avoid taking the consequences of any ac- tion at’election time, hoping that when their political positions are secured i they “may deal with Sacco and’ Van- zetti as they have always intended. Te, annual conference of ational Labor Defense re- empl ‘e6 its firm belief in the inno- cence, of Sacco and Vanzetti and sends Its brotherly greetings to them, Route Mapped by Fonck for New York to Paris Fli assuring them of the resolute inten- tion of the International Labor. De- fense to continue with greater energy and devotion than ever before its ef- forts in their behalf. The conference gives its unreserved endorsement to the campaign of publicity, protest and organization conducted by the national executive committee of the I. L, D. for Sacco and Vanzetti, and instructs the incoming national executive com- mittee to continue this work unre- mittingly until Sacco and Vanzetti have been unconditionally released. if cae conference, vigorously protests against the attempts being made by the Massachusetts authorities to delay the case when the innocence of the men is so cléarly established and demands of Governor Alvan Fuller and Judge Webster Thayer that Sacco and Vanzetti be either summarily re- leased, without conditions, or that they be granted the new trial which they have requested’ so that their in- nocence may be more plainly proved than ever before. The conference re- solves further to send a copy of this resolution to Governor Fuller, Judge Thayer-and the press. Sex License Charges of University Heads Come Home to Roost CHAMPAIGN, IIL, Sept. 20—(FP)— Charges of illicit practices between men and women students at the uni- versities, made by Wilfred O. Cross, foremr University of Illinois student, are but the echo of similar rumors in- dustriously circulated by the univers- ity authorities, against progressive in- structors on the Illinois faculty dur- ing and after the war, it is stated in Champaign. ‘Presidént David Kinley and dean’ .of men) Thomas “Arkle Clark, who are franti¢ally denying the Cross charges, Were’ among those ea- ger to discredit their ‘opponents on the staff’ by. Mecsas ed *falséhoods among them. 8° 0, WOR epi mg us nti ooh The DAL. dresg, on “Last Words on Evolution” (Continued from previous issue) I was led to make a very close study of these unicellular protists and their primitive cell-soul thru my research on the radilaria, a very remarkable class of microscopic organisms that float in the sea. I was engaged most of my time for more than thirty of the best years of my life (1856-87) in studying them in every aspect, and if I came eventually to adopt a strictly Monistic attitude on all the great questions of biology, I owe it for the most part.to my innumerable observa- tions and uninterrupted reflections on the wonderful vital movements tif\t are disclosed by these smallest i frailest, and at the same time mi beautiful and varied, of living things. I had undertaken the study of the radiolaria as a kind of souvenir of my great master, Johannes Muller. He had loved to study these animals (of which only a few species were discoy- ered for the first time in the year of my. birth, 1834) in the last years of his life, and had in 1856 set up the special. group of the rhizopods (proto- zoa). His last work, which appeared shortly after his death (1858), and contained a description of 50 series of radiolaria, went with me to the Mediterranean when I made my first long voyage in the summer of 1859. I was so fortunate as to dis- cover about 150 new species of radio- laria at Messina, and based on these my first monograph of this very in- structive class of protists (1862) I had no suspicion at that time that fifteen years afterwards the deep-sea finds of the famous Challenger expedi- tion would bring to light an incaleu- lable wealth of these remarkable ani- mals. In my second monograph on them (1887), I was able to describe more than 4,000 different species of radiolaria, and illustrate most of them on 140 plates. I have given a selec- tion of the prettiest forms on ten plates of my “Art-forms in Nature,” I have not space here to go into the forms and vital movements of th radiolaria, of the general import of which my friend, Wilhelm Bolsche, has given a very attractive account in his various popular works. I must re- strict myself to pointing out the gen- eral phenomena that bear upon our particular subject, the question of the mind. The pretty flinty skeletons of the radiolaria, which enclose and pro- tect the soft and unicellular body, are remarkable, not only for their extra: » ordinary gracefulness and beauty, but also for the geometrical regularity and relative constancy-of their forms. The 4,000 species of radiolaria are just as constant as the 4,000 known species of ants; and, as the Darwinian Jesuit, Father Wasmann, has convinced him- self that the latter have all descended by transformation from a common stem-form, I’ have concluded on the same principles that the 4,000 species of radiolaria have developed from a primitive form in virtue of adaptation and heredity. This primitive form, the stem-radiolarian (Actissa) is a simple round cell, the soft living p: toplasmic body of which is divide into two different parts, an inner cen. tral capsule (in the middle of which is the solid round nucleus) and an outer gelatinous envelope (calymma), From the outer surface of the latter, hun- dreds and thousands of fine plasmic threads radiate; these are mobile and sensitive processes of the living in- ternal substance, the plasm (or proto- plasm). These delicate microscropic threads, or pseudopodia, are the cu- rious organs that effect the sensa- tions (of touch), the locomotion (by pushing), and the orderly construction of the flinty house; at the same time, they maintain the nourishment of the unicellular body, by seizing infusortia, diatoms, and other protists, and drawing them within the plasmic body, where they are digested and assimi- lated. The radiolaria generally repro duce by the formation of spores. The nucleus within the protoplasmic glob- ule divides into two small nuclei, each of which surrounds itself with a quan- tity of plasm, and forms a new cell, (Continued Tomorrow) j i